Nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer

Abstract

The utility model relates to a nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer, including casing, electric control component and detection component, electric control component and detection component set up in casing, detection component sets up the top of electric control component, the rear side wall of casing is distributed and has the air inlet, is distributed and has the air outlet on the left and right side wall of casing, is equipped with multiple groups nucleic acid amplification detection module that arranges two columns in detection component, and the air inlet and the air outlet are equipped with in nucleic acid amplification detection module, the air outlet sets up in the side near casing side wall, the air inlet sets up in the position near air inlet channel, is equipped with first cooling fan in every group nucleic acid amplification detection module inside, is equipped with second cooling fan on the support of detection component, and the air outlet side of second cooling fan sets up towards air inlet channel. The utility model can significantly improve the heat dissipation efficiency of nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer, even in hot and humid conditions (temperature 50 DEG C, humidity 85%RH) also can continuously operate 42 days, and can improve nucleic acid amplification detection efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of nucleic acid detection equipment technology, and in particular to a nucleic acid amplification detection and analysis instrument. Background Technology

[0002] A nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer is an instrument used for the amplification and detection of nucleic acids.

[0003] PCR reactions typically involve 25-40 cycles, each consisting of three basic steps. Each cycle exponentially increases the number of target DNA fragments. The first step of each cycle is denaturation, performed at 90-95°C. This denatures the double-stranded DNA template, breaking it down into two single-stranded DNA strands. This disrupts the hydrogen bonds between the double strands, providing single-stranded templates for primer binding in the next step. The second step is annealing, performed at 55-65°C. This lowers the reaction temperature, allowing two synthetically produced oligonucleotide primers, complementary to the ends of the target DNA fragment, to specifically bind to the corresponding complementary sequences on the two single-stranded DNA templates. Primer specificity: Primers determine the target region for PCR amplification. They are designed to be precisely complementary to both ends of the target DNA sequence. Temperature control is crucial during annealing; too high a temperature will result in unstable primer binding, while too low a temperature may lead to mis-binding (non-specific amplification) of non-target sequences. The third step is extension, where the temperature needs to be controlled at 70℃-75℃ to raise the reaction temperature to the optimal operating temperature of the DNA polymerase. At the 3' end of the primer, a heat-resistant DNA polymerase (such as Taq polymerase) synthesizes a new DNA strand along the template strand, using deoxyribonucleoside triphosphates (dATP, dTTP, dCTP, dGTP) in the reaction system as raw materials, following the base pairing principle (AT, GC), from the 5' to 3' direction. Therefore, temperature control of the PCR reaction is crucial. The first step requires heating the sample from room temperature to 90℃-95℃, the second step requires cooling to 55℃-65℃, and the third step requires heating to 70℃-75℃.

[0004] In existing technologies, the heating of the detection module in a nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer is achieved through a built-in heating plate. The heating rate is easily controlled by an internal sensor, while cooling is achieved through a built-in fan. During operation, the sample is at a high temperature of 90℃-95℃ during the first step of deformation. In the second step, the sample temperature needs to be lowered to 55℃-65℃ within a limited time (usually 8 seconds). Therefore, as the cycle continues, heat accumulates inside the casing, creating a high-temperature atmosphere. Since multiple detection modules are typically housed within the casing, the heat accumulation rate is even faster. Each detection requires 25-40 cycles. This temperature rise inside the casing can cause the sample cooling timeout or even failure during the second step, leading to interruption of the nucleic acid amplification detection. Temperature control is crucial during the annealing stage; if the temperature is too high, primers cannot bind stably, potentially causing detection failure. Therefore, existing nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzers have a very short continuous working time, and usually need to be shut down for heat dissipation after running for a few hours.

[0005] For example, patent CN112760216A discloses a real-time fluorescence PCR analyzer, which includes a housing, a display mechanism, and a scanning component. The display mechanism and the scanning component are both connected to the housing and electrically connected to each other. This allows the results scanned by the scanning component to be directly displayed on the display mechanism when the real-time fluorescence PCR analyzer is needed, avoiding the need for an additional laptop connection, reducing unnecessary operating steps, and increasing the efficiency of the real-time fluorescence PCR analyzer. The housing is a receiving cavity with an opening on one side. A scanning mounting hole penetrating the housing is provided on its side wall. The scanning component is installed inside the housing and protrudes from the housing through the scanning mounting hole for scanning. The display mechanism includes a screen assembly and a screen connector. The screen connector snaps into the opening of the housing to close it. The screen assembly includes a touch screen, a display screen, a display holder, and a touch screen holder. The touch screen holder is connected to the side of the screen connector away from the housing and has a receiving groove. The display holder is located in the receiving groove and connected to the touch screen holder. The touch screen is fixed to one side of the display screen, and the side of the display screen away from the touch screen is connected to the display holder. The real-time fluorescence PCR analyzer also includes a main control board, which is connected to the screen connector near the housing. The touchscreen, display screen, and scanning components are all electrically connected to the main control board to enable touch control of the display screen. A PCI board and an amplification-heated fluorescence detection module are housed within the housing. The PCI board is connected to the bottom of the housing and electrically connected to the main control board. The amplification-heated fluorescence detection module is plugged into the PCI board and electrically connected. Multiple reagent slots and a light panel are arranged in parallel on the amplification-heated fluorescence detection module. Multiple indicator lights on the light panel are paired with corresponding slots to display the working status of each reagent slot. For example, the light is on when detection is proceeding normally in the slot, and off when no reagent is inserted. A printer assembly is also housed within the housing, connected to the side wall of the housing and electrically connected to the main control board. The PCI board enables the electrical connection between the amplification-heated fluorescence detection module and the printer assembly and the main control board, allowing the main control board to control and power the amplification-heated fluorescence detection module and the printer assembly. By directly plugging the amplification heating fluorescence detection module onto the PCI board, the size of the housing can be reduced, thereby increasing the ratio of the screen component to the housing and improving the user experience of the real-time fluorescence PCR analyzer.

[0006] Analysis shows that the aforementioned real-time fluorescence PCR analyzer has a scanning component, a printer component, a main control board, a PCI board, and an amplification-heated fluorescence detection module inside the housing. Referring to the attached diagram, the scanning component is located at the front of the housing, the amplification-heated fluorescence detection module is located behind the scanning component, the PCI board is located behind the amplification-heated fluorescence detection module, the printer component is located behind the PCI board, the main control board is located above the PCI board, the display mechanism is located at the opening at the top of the housing, and multiple sets of amplification-heated fluorescence detection modules are plugged into the PCI board. The drawback of the above solution is the presence of numerous heat-generating components within the casing. These include the amplification-heated fluorescence detection module, main control board, PCI board, printer, scanning components, and display components, all of which generate heat during real-time fluorescence PCR analysis. This causes a rapid rise in temperature within the analyzer's casing, creating a high-temperature environment. Although fans are installed in the amplification-heated fluorescence detection module, the high external temperature results in very low heat dissipation efficiency. Especially when the ambient temperature exceeds 30°C, the cooling process from step 1 to step 2 during detection may take too long, or even fail to reach the required temperature for step 2, leading to unstable primer binding and potentially detection failure. With global warming, summer temperatures in my country often exceed 40°C, and in some tropical regions, extreme temperatures can reach 50.5°C. Existing nucleic acid amplification detection analyzers are prone to detection failure in high-temperature conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to address the problems of low heat dissipation efficiency in existing nucleic acid amplification detection analyzers described in the background art, especially when the ambient temperature exceeds 30°C. During detection, the cooling process from the first step to the second step of the cycle may take too long, or it may be difficult to reach the temperature required for the second step, resulting in unstable primer binding and even detection failure. This invention provides a nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer includes a housing, an electronic control component, and a detection component. The electronic control component and the detection component are housed within the housing. A base is located at the bottom of the housing, and the electronic control component is mounted on the base. The detection component is positioned above the electronic control component. Air inlets are distributed on the rear side wall of the housing, and air outlets are distributed on the left and right side walls. Multiple sets of nucleic acid amplification and detection modules are housed within the detection component. Each set of nucleic acid amplification and detection modules is electrically connected to the electronic control component. The multiple sets of nucleic acid amplification and detection modules are arranged in two rows, with an air inlet channel between the two rows. Each nucleic acid amplification and detection module has an air inlet and an air outlet, with the air outlet located on the side closest to the side wall of the housing. The system is positioned near the air inlet channel. Each nucleic acid amplification detection module has a first cooling fan located inside the module, near the air inlet. A second cooling fan is mounted on the support of the detection assembly, located near the rear side wall of the housing. The second cooling fan's air inlet side faces the air inlet hole on the rear side wall of the housing, and its air outlet side faces the air inlet channel. A top cover is located on the upper part of the housing, with detection ports corresponding to each nucleic acid amplification detection module on the detection assembly. Each detection port has a flip cover, and a display screen is located on the top cover. The display screen is electrically connected to the electronic control assembly.

[0009] In the above scheme, the electronic control components include a computer motherboard, a computer power supply, a communication motherboard, and a switching power supply module. The computer motherboard, computer power supply, communication motherboard, and switching power supply module are fixedly mounted on the base. The communication motherboard is electrically connected to each nucleic acid amplification detection module within the detection component, and is also electrically connected to the computer motherboard. The computer power supply is electrically connected to the computer motherboard, and the switching power supply module is electrically connected to the communication motherboard and each nucleic acid amplification detection module. The display screen is electrically connected to the computer motherboard. With this configuration, the control program built into the communication motherboard can drive each nucleic acid amplification detection module to perform nucleic acid amplification detection. The detected data is transmitted to the computer motherboard and then output to the display screen to show the operating status or detection results of the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer. Preferably, the display screen can also be a touchscreen, allowing for nucleic acid amplification detection settings operations.

[0010] It should be noted that the program built into the communication motherboard is not an improved technical feature of this utility model. The program built into the communication motherboard can adopt existing control programs. Therefore, this utility model does not involve the improvement of the method software and meets the protection requirements of the utility model.

[0011] In the above solution, the base is also equipped with a barcode scanner, which is electrically connected to the electronic control component. A scanning port is provided on the housing, and the scanning end of the barcode scanner is located at the scanning port. By setting up the barcode scanner, the barcode or QR code on the sample can be identified, sample information can be read, and this information can be transmitted to the electronic control component for subsequent correlation and display of test results and sample information.

[0012] In the above scheme, the detection assembly includes a bracket, a mounting base, and multiple sets of detection modules. The bracket is fixedly connected to the top of the base, and multiple sets of mounting bases are provided on the bracket. Each nucleic acid amplification detection module is fixedly connected to its corresponding mounting base. The second cooling fan is fixedly connected to the rear side of the bracket. This arrangement facilitates the modular installation and fixation of multiple sets of nucleic acid amplification detection modules.

[0013] In the above scheme, the fixing base includes a left fixing block and a right fixing block, which are fixedly connected to the bracket. Each of the left and right fixing blocks has a slot, and a baffle is provided at the end of the slot. The detection modules are inserted into the left and right fixing blocks respectively. This arrangement improves the stability and positional accuracy of the installation of each nucleic acid amplification detection module.

[0014] In the above scheme, a positioning strip is provided in the slot, and a positioning groove corresponding to the positioning strip is provided on the detection module. When the detection module is inserted into the left and right fixing blocks, the positioning strip is inserted into the positioning groove. With this setting, when the nucleic acid amplification detection module is inserted into the side fixing block and the right fixing block, the insertion of the positioning strip into the positioning groove can further enhance the positioning of the nucleic acid amplification detection module, and further improve the stability and positional accuracy of the installation of each nucleic acid amplification detection module.

[0015] In the above scheme, the left and right fixing blocks are further provided with a spacing section, and a groove is provided in the spacing section. The groove contains an assembly hole, and the left and right fixing blocks are fixedly connected to the bracket by bolts passing through the assembly holes. By setting the spacing section, a set distance can be maintained between two adjacent rows of nucleic acid amplification detection modules, further improving the heat dissipation performance of the nucleic acid amplification detection module.

[0016] In the above design, the upper cover plate has a concave surface in the middle, the shape of which corresponds to the display screen. The display screen is rotatably connected to the upper cover plate via a damping shaft, allowing it to be inserted into the concave surface through rotation. This design ensures that the display screen is embedded in the concave surface when the device is off, providing protection, facilitating packaging and transportation, and preventing damage from impacts.

[0017] In the above solution, the concave surface is provided with multiple grooves, and the detection ports are respectively located at the bottom of each groove. The position of each detection port corresponds one-to-one with the position of the detection port on each detection module. By setting the detection ports inside the concave surface, protection can be provided for each detection port and the flip cover when the display screen is embedded in the concave surface.

[0018] In the above solution, a flip-cover connecting plate is provided on the concave surface. The flip cover is rotatably connected to the flip-cover connecting plate via a rotating shaft. The position of the flip cover corresponds to the position of each groove, and the shape of the flip cover matches the shape of the groove. This arrangement allows the flip covers of each detection port to open and close independently and flexibly, facilitating operation.

[0019] In the above solution, the housing is equipped with a USB interface and a network interface, which are respectively connected to the electronic control components via electrical signals. The USB interface facilitates data storage and backup of the nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer, as well as software upgrades; the network interface facilitates the transfer of data from the nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer's memory to a remote device, enabling remote viewing of test results and software upgrades.

[0020] In the above scheme, each nucleic acid amplification detection module is an independently temperature-controlled and fluorescence-detected nucleic acid amplification detection module. With this configuration, each nucleic acid amplification detection module within the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer of this invention can be independently controlled, performing corresponding nucleic acid detection items as needed, greatly improving the performance of the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer.

[0021] In the above scheme, the nucleic acid amplification detection module is a five-color or six-color optical path nucleic acid amplification detection module. With this configuration, the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer of this invention can simultaneously and accurately detect five or six fluorescent dyes in different wavelength ranges, providing a solid and reliable hardware foundation for multiplex real-time quantitative PCR detection and improving the accuracy of nucleic acid detection.

[0022] This invention has the following positive effects: 1) The nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer of this invention is equipped with a first cooling fan in each nucleic acid amplification detection module for heat dissipation, and a second cooling fan on the detection component. This allows low-temperature air from the outside of the housing to enter the housing through the air inlet and be delivered to the air inlet channel between the two rows of nucleic acid amplification detection modules. Because the air inlet of the nucleic acid amplification detection module faces the air inlet channel, when the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer needs to cool down in the second step of the cycle, low-temperature air can quickly enter through the air inlet of the nucleic acid amplification detection module to quickly cool the sample, so that the sample temperature drops rapidly to the set temperature range, improving the nucleic acid amplification detection efficiency. The high-temperature air after absorbing heat is blown out through the air outlet and the air outlet on the housing, significantly improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the detection component. Through the improvements of this invention, the detection efficiency of the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer can be greatly improved when working at room temperature. Even in extreme environments (50°C high temperature, 85% humidity), it can run continuously for 42 days, greatly improving the performance of the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer. Through the improvements of this invention, the nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer can operate stably for a long time even in high-temperature weather above 40°C, which has significant advantages compared with existing similar products.

[0023] 2) The nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer of this utility model adopts a modular design for both the electronic control component and the detection component. The electronic control component is set on the base inside the housing, and the detection component is set above the electronic control component. This arrangement facilitates the assembly and maintenance of the electronic control component and the detection component, and also isolates the electronic control component and the detection component to avoid mutual interference when the power is turned on. It also separates the heat generated by the electronic control component and the detection component during operation, which can further improve the heat dissipation performance of the nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer.

[0024] 3) The nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer of this utility model can be set with multiple nucleic acid amplification and detection modules according to application requirements. For example, it can have 6, 8, 10, 16, 32 or even more nucleic acid amplification and detection modules. Multiple nucleic acid amplification and detection modules can operate independently at the same time, which can greatly improve the nucleic acid analysis and detection capability of the nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer and meet the testing needs of hospitals, testing centers and other testing institutions. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the nucleic acid amplification detection and analysis instrument of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the rear structure of the nucleic acid amplification detection and analysis instrument of this utility model.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the nucleic acid amplification detection and analysis instrument of this utility model.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the detection component.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the airflow channel for the detection component.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the nucleic acid amplification and detection module.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the nucleic acid amplification and detection module.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the fixture and the mounting plate of the nucleic acid amplification detection module.

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the electronic control component.

[0034] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the top cover and the display screen.

[0035] The attached figures are labeled as follows: housing 1, USB interface 11, network port 12, air inlet 13, air outlet 14, power switch 15, external power interface 16, removable cover 17, heat dissipation hole 18, barcode scanner 19, base 2, electronic control component 3, computer motherboard 31, computer power supply 32, communication motherboard 33, switching power supply module 34, barcode scanner 35, detection component 4, bracket 41, fixing base 42, left fixing block 421, right fixing block 422, slot 423, baffle 424, positioning strip 425, spacer 426, air inlet channel 427, nucleic acid amplification detection module 43, detection port 431, positioning groove 432, air inlet 433, air outlet 434, second cooling fan 44, display screen 5, top cover 6, concave surface 61, groove 62, detection port 63, flip cover 7, flip cover connecting plate 71. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solution of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below through embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0037] like Figure 1-10 As shown, the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer of this utility model includes a housing 1, an electronic control component 3 and a detection component 4. The electronic control component 3 and the detection component 4 are disposed inside the housing 1. A base 2 is provided at the bottom of the housing 1. The electronic control component 3 is disposed on the base 2 and the detection component 4 is disposed above the electronic control component 3.

[0038] like Figure 1-3 As shown, the housing 1 can be an injection-molded part, either a one-piece injection-molded part or a modular assembly structure. The shape of the housing 1 can be designed according to requirements; for example, it can be attached to... Figure 1 The rectangular shell shown.

[0039] The base 2 at the bottom of the housing 1 can be a base with sufficient strength to support the weight of the electronic control component 3 and the detection component 4. The base 2 can be flat or other shapes. Above the base 2 is a cover, and the base 2 can be fixedly connected to the cover with screws. The top of the cover is provided with a top cover plate 6. As an alternative implementation, the base 2 and the cover are fixedly connected by bolts, and the top cover plate 6 is fixedly connected to the top of the cover by bolts.

[0040] Air inlets 13 are distributed on the rear side of the housing, and air outlets 14 are distributed on the left and right sides of the housing. The positions of the air inlets 13 and air outlets 14 can be adapted to the height of the detection component 4. In order to improve the heat dissipation performance of the electronic control component 3, heat dissipation holes 18 can be distributed on the left and right sides of the housing at a height corresponding to the electronic control component 3, so that the heat generated by the electronic control component 3 during operation can be diffused to the outside through the heat dissipation holes 18.

[0041] like Figure 1 and 10 As shown, the upper cover plate 6 is provided with detection ports 63 corresponding to each nucleic acid amplification detection module 43 on the detection component 4, and each detection port 63 is provided with a flip cover 7. The upper cover plate 6 is provided with a display screen 5, and the display screen 5 is electrically connected to the electronic control component 3.

[0042] A concave surface 61 is provided in the middle of the upper cover plate 6. The shape of the concave surface 61 corresponds to that of the display screen 5. The display screen 5 is rotatably connected to the upper cover plate 6 via a damping shaft. The display screen 5 can be inserted into the concave surface 61 by rotation. With this arrangement, when the power is off, the display screen 5 can be inserted into the concave surface 61, which protects the display screen 5, facilitates packaging and transportation, and prevents the display screen 5 from being damaged by impact.

[0043] Multiple grooves 62 are provided on the concave surface 61, and the detection ports 63 are respectively located at the bottom of each groove 62. The position of each detection port 63 corresponds one-to-one with the position of the detection port 431 on each nucleic acid amplification detection module 43. With this arrangement, the detection ports 63 are placed inside the concave surface 61, which can protect each detection port 63 and the flip cover 7 when the display screen 5 is embedded in the concave surface 61.

[0044] A flip cover connecting plate 71 is provided on the concave surface 61. The flip cover 7 is rotatably connected to the flip cover connecting plate 71 via a rotating shaft. The position of the flip cover 7 corresponds to the position of each groove 62, and the shape of the flip cover 7 matches the shape of the groove 62. This arrangement allows the flip cover 7 of each detection port 63 to be opened and closed independently and flexibly, facilitating operation.

[0045] like Figure 2 As shown, to facilitate the switching operation of the nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer, a power switch 15 and an external power interface 16 can be installed on the housing 1. A USB interface 11 and a network interface 12 can also be installed on the housing 1, respectively, and are electrically connected to the electronic control component 3. The USB interface 11 facilitates data storage and backup of the nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer, as well as software upgrades. The network interface 12 facilitates the transfer of data from the nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer's memory to a remote device, enabling remote viewing of test results and software upgrades.

[0046] like Figure 2 and 3 As shown, in order to facilitate local repair or care of the internal parts of the housing 1, a removable cover plate 17 can be provided on one side of the housing 1. This design is also within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0047] like Figure 9 As shown, the electronic control component 3 includes a computer motherboard 31, a computer power supply 32, a communication motherboard 33, and a switching power supply module 34. The computer motherboard 31, computer power supply 32, communication motherboard 33, and switching power supply module 34 are fixedly mounted on the base 2. The communication motherboard 33 is electrically connected to each nucleic acid amplification detection module 43 within the detection component 4, and is also electrically connected to the computer motherboard 31. The computer power supply 32 is electrically connected to the computer motherboard 31, and the switching power supply module 34 is electrically connected to the communication motherboard 33 and each nucleic acid amplification detection module 43. The display screen 5 is electrically connected to the computer motherboard 31. With this configuration, the control program built into the communication motherboard 33 can drive each nucleic acid amplification detection module 43 to perform nucleic acid amplification detection. The detected data is transmitted to the computer motherboard 31 and then output to the display screen 5 to show the operating status or detection results of the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer. Preferably, the display screen 5 can also be a touchscreen, allowing for the setting of nucleic acid amplification detection operations.

[0048] Preferably, a barcode scanner 35 is also provided on the base 2. The barcode scanner 35 is electrically connected to the electronic control component 3, and a scanning port is provided on the housing 1. The scanning end of the barcode scanner 35 is located at the scanning port 19. By setting up the barcode scanner 35, the barcode or QR code on the sample can be identified, the sample information can be read, and this information can be transmitted to the electronic control component 3 for subsequent correlation display of the test results and sample information. To facilitate the scanning operation, the lens of the barcode scanner 35 can be set on the front side of the housing 1.

[0049] like Figure 4 As shown, the detection component 4 includes a support 41, a mounting base 42, and multiple sets of nucleic acid amplification detection modules 43. The support 41 is fixedly connected to the base 2, for example, the support 41 can be fixedly connected to the base 2 by several support columns and bolts. In order to make the detection component more stable in the housing 1, the top of the support 41 can also be fixedly connected to the top cover plate 6 on the housing 1.

[0050] like Figure 4 , 5 As shown in Figure 7, the mounting bases 42 are arranged in two rows on the bracket 41. For example, as shown in the attached figure, one row of mounting bases can be arranged on the left side and one row of mounting bases can be arranged on the right side. The area between the two rows of mounting bases is the air inlet channel.

[0051] The detection component 4 contains multiple sets of nucleic acid amplification detection modules 43, which are electrically connected to the electrical control component 3. For example... Figure 5 As shown, multiple sets of nucleic acid amplification detection modules 43 are fixedly connected to corresponding mounting bases 42, so that the multiple sets of nucleic acid amplification detection modules 43 are arranged in two rows. The area between the two rows of nucleic acid amplification detection modules is an air inlet channel 437. Each nucleic acid amplification detection module 43 is provided with an air inlet 433 and an air outlet 434. The air outlet 434 is located on the side near the left or right wall of the shell, and the air inlet 433 is located near the air inlet channel. Each set of nucleic acid amplification detection modules 43 is provided with a first cooling fan, which is located in the nucleic acid amplification detection module 43 near the air inlet 433. A second cooling fan 44 is provided on the bracket 41 of the detection component 4. The second cooling fan 44 is located near the rear side wall of the shell 1. The air inlet side of the second cooling fan 44 is set towards the air inlet hole 13 on the rear side wall of the shell 1, and the air outlet side of the second cooling fan 44 is set towards the air inlet channel 427.

[0052] The structure of bracket 41 can be designed according to needs, for example, it can be attached... Figure 4 As shown, the bracket 41 includes a mounting plate, a front side plate, a rear side plate, and a top plate. The front side plate and the rear side plate are respectively disposed on the front and rear sides of the mounting plate. The front and rear ends of the top plate are respectively fixedly connected to the front side plate and the rear side plate. The fixing seat 42 is fixedly disposed on the mounting plate.

[0053] An assembly port for installing a cooling fan is provided on the rear side plate of the bracket 41. The second cooling fan 44 is fixedly connected to the assembly port by bolts. The air inlet side of the second cooling fan 44 faces the area of ​​the distributed air inlet holes 13 on the rear side plate of the housing 1, and the air outlet side of the second cooling fan 44 faces the air inlet channel 427 in the middle of the bracket 41.

[0054] Preferably, each of the nucleic acid amplification detection modules 43 is an independently temperature-controlled and fluorescence-detection nucleic acid amplification detection module. With this configuration, each nucleic acid amplification detection module within the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer of this invention can be independently controlled, performing corresponding nucleic acid detection items as needed, greatly improving the performance of the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer.

[0055] Preferably, all nucleic acid amplification detection modules 43 are five-color or six-color optical path nucleic acid amplification detection modules. With this configuration, the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer of this invention can simultaneously and accurately detect five or six fluorescent dyes in different wavelength ranges, providing a solid and reliable hardware foundation for multiplex real-time quantitative PCR detection and improving the accuracy of nucleic acid detection.

[0056] The nucleic acid amplification detection module 43 is equipped with a heating plate, a five- or six-color light source, a detection sensor, and a fan. The sample tube to be tested is placed into the detection module through the detection port on the module. The heating plate heats the sample in the sample tube. The heating plate is equipped with a temperature sensor, which, together with the control circuit, can accurately control the heating temperature of the sample tube. The light source, detection sensor, and heating plate are set perpendicularly. After the light source shines on the sample, it excites light of a specific wavelength. The detection sensor detects the excited light and converts it into an electrical signal. After being processed by the amplification circuit, it is converted into a digital signal and transmitted to the communication motherboard. After being processed by the computer motherboard, the detection result is displayed on the screen.

[0057] Preferably, the mounting base 42 can be configured as needed, for example, it can be installed according to the attached... Figure 7 As shown, the modules are arranged in two rows and four columns. Each set of fixing bases includes a left fixing block 421 and a right fixing block 422. The left fixing block 421 and the right fixing block 422 are fixedly connected to the bracket 41. The left fixing block 421 and the right fixing block 422 are respectively provided with slots 423, and baffles 424 are provided at the tail end of the slots 423. The nucleic acid amplification detection modules 43 are inserted into the left fixing block 421 and the right fixing block 422 respectively. This arrangement allows the nucleic acid amplification detection modules 43 to be neatly arranged on the bracket 41 and improves the stability and positional accuracy of the installation of each nucleic acid amplification detection module 43.

[0058] Preferably, the slot 423 is provided with a positioning strip 425, and the nucleic acid amplification detection module 43 is provided with a positioning groove 432 corresponding to the positioning strip 425. When the nucleic acid amplification detection module 43 is inserted with the left fixing block 421 and the right fixing block 422, the positioning strip 425 is inserted with the positioning groove 432. With this arrangement, when the nucleic acid amplification detection module 43 is inserted with the side fixing block 421 and the right fixing block 422, the insertion of the positioning strip 425 with the positioning groove 432 can further enhance the positioning of the nucleic acid amplification detection module 43, and further improve the stability and positional accuracy of the installation of each nucleic acid amplification detection module 43.

[0059] Preferably, a spacer 426 is also provided on the left fixing block 421 and the right fixing block 422. The spacer 426 maintains a suitable distance between adjacent rows of nucleic acid amplification detection modules 43. A groove can be provided on the spacer 426, and an assembly hole is provided within the groove. The left fixing block 421 and the right fixing block 422 are fixedly connected to the bracket 41 by bolts passing through the assembly holes. This arrangement further improves the heat dissipation performance of the nucleic acid amplification detection module.

[0060] This novel nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer does not require an external computer. Simply connect a power source, turn on the power switch, open the display screen, and start the computer. Once powered on, nucleic acid amplification and detection can begin. During testing, first read the sample information using a code reader, then open the corresponding flip cover of the empty nucleic acid amplification and detection module, load the sample into the module, and perform the appropriate detection operation on the display screen according to the sample type. After detection, the results are displayed on the screen, along with various data and analysis curves as needed. This nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer integrates PCR amplification, fluorescence detection, and data analysis. It can monitor the temperature and fluorescence levels in each reaction tube in real time during PCR amplification and automatically analyze the experimental data using software, generating various experimental curves such as temperature curves, original amplification curves, and original melting curves. The interface displays sample information, program details, and remaining time for the reaction module in real time, and shows the sample Ct value and other experimental results after amplification signal is detected. It is easy to operate and has a clear interface. It can perform both qualitative and quantitative analysis, as well as melting curve analysis.

[0061] The nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer of this invention requires 25-40 cycles during sample detection. Each cycle includes three steps. The first step is deformation, which occurs at a high temperature of 90℃-95℃. After completing the first step, the sample needs to be cooled down to 55℃-65℃ before the second step of annealing can proceed. In the prior art, the cooling efficiency of the first cooling fan built into the nucleic acid amplification and detection module is very low, and it takes a long time to cool the sample down to the required temperature. Moreover, when the nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer is working continuously, heat gradually accumulates inside the casing and rises to a high temperature, which gradually reduces the cooling efficiency of the nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer. Therefore, the nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer must be shut down for cooling after working for several hours. This invention incorporates multiple sets of nucleic acid amplification detection modules and optimizes the heat dissipation method. A second cooling fan draws low-temperature air from the outside of the casing into the casing through air inlets, and then delivers this air to the air intake channel between the two rows of nucleic acid amplification detection modules. When heat dissipation is required, the first cooling fan built into each nucleic acid amplification detection module draws the low-temperature air from the air intake channel through the air inlet into the module, cooling the sample. The high-temperature air, having absorbed heat, is output through the air outlet on the nucleic acid amplification detection module and discharged to the outside of the casing through air outlets on both side walls. This design creates an efficient heat dissipation channel within the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer, improving its heat dissipation performance.

[0062] The improvement of this utility model lies in the modular design of both the electronic control component and the detection component. The electronic control component is concentrated at the bottom of the housing, while the detection component is concentrated at the top of the housing. This modular design facilitates the assembly and maintenance of the electronic control component and the detection component, isolates the electronic control component and the detection component to avoid mutual interference during power-on, and separates the heat generated by the electronic control component and the detection component during operation, thereby further improving the heat dissipation performance of the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer.

[0063] Comparative Example 1 A nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer without a cooling fan, which is commonly used in the existing technology, was used as a comparative example 1.

[0064] Comparative Example 2 During the design phase, various heat dissipation schemes were tested. For example, in addition to setting a first fan inside the nucleic acid amplification detection module, three sets of cooling fans were set on the left and right walls of the shell respectively. The cooling fans draw hot air from inside the shell. Other structures are exactly the same as those described above.

[0065] Comparative Experiment 1 In an extreme environment of 50℃ and 85% humidity, extreme aging tests were conducted. Nucleic acid amplification detection was performed using the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer described above, as well as the schemes of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2. The results showed that the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer of Comparative Example 1 could only operate continuously for one hour in the aforementioned extreme environment before needing to be shut down for cooling; otherwise, the detection would fail. The nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer of Comparative Example 1 could only perform one round of nucleic acid amplification detection within one hour. The nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer of Comparative Example 2 could operate continuously for four hours in the aforementioned extreme environment before needing to be shut down for cooling; otherwise, the detection would fail. It could perform four rounds of nucleic acid amplification detection within the four hours of continuous operation. The nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer of this invention, however, could operate continuously for 42 days in the aforementioned extreme environment, performing 1008 rounds of nucleic acid amplification detection within those 42 days.

[0066] The above extreme comparative tests demonstrate that this invention significantly improves the heat dissipation efficiency of nucleic acid amplification detection, enabling the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer to operate stably for extended periods in environments with high temperatures of 50°C and high humidity of 85%, thus significantly enhancing the performance of the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer. These tests also prove that the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer of this invention has significant advantages over similar products in the prior art when operating in high-temperature environments of 30°C-50°C during summer.

[0067] Comparative Experiment 2 At room temperature (10℃-30℃), nucleic acid amplification and detection were performed using the aforementioned nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer of this invention, as well as the schemes of Comparative Example 1 and Comparative Example 2, for 5 consecutive hours. The detection efficiency of the equipment was tested. The results showed that the nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer of Comparative Example 1 could perform 10 rounds of nucleic acid amplification and detection, the nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer of Comparative Example 2 could perform 12 rounds of nucleic acid amplification and detection, and the nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer of this invention could perform 15 rounds of nucleic acid amplification and detection.

[0068] The above-mentioned room temperature comparison test shows that the present invention can greatly improve the heat dissipation efficiency of nucleic acid amplification detection at room temperature, significantly improve the nucleic acid amplification detection efficiency, and significantly improve the performance of the nucleic acid amplification detection analyzer.

[0069] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer, characterized in that, The device includes a housing, an electronic control assembly, and a detection assembly. The electronic control assembly and the detection assembly are housed within the housing. A base is located at the bottom of the housing, with the electronic control assembly mounted on the base and the detection assembly positioned above it. Air inlets are distributed on the rear side wall of the housing, and air outlets are distributed on the left and right side walls. Multiple nucleic acid amplification detection modules are housed within the detection assembly, each electrically connected to the electronic control assembly. These modules are arranged in two rows, with an air inlet channel between them. Each nucleic acid amplification detection module has an air inlet and an air outlet; the air outlet is located near the side wall of the housing, and the air inlet is located near the side wall of the housing. The air duct is located as follows: a first cooling fan is installed inside each nucleic acid amplification detection module, located near the air inlet. A second cooling fan is installed on the support of the detection component, located near the rear side wall of the housing. The air inlet side of the second cooling fan faces the air inlet hole on the rear side wall of the housing, and the air outlet side faces the air duct. A top cover is provided on the upper part of the housing, with detection ports corresponding to each nucleic acid amplification detection module on the detection component. Each detection port has a flip cover. A display screen is provided on the top cover, and the display screen is electrically connected to the electronic control component.

2. The nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic control components include a computer motherboard, a computer power supply, a communication motherboard, and a switching power supply module. The computer motherboard, computer power supply, communication motherboard, and switching power supply module are fixedly mounted on the base. The communication motherboard is electrically connected to each nucleic acid amplification detection module in the detection component. The communication motherboard is electrically connected to the computer motherboard. The computer power supply is electrically connected to the computer motherboard. The switching power supply module is electrically connected to the communication motherboard and each nucleic acid amplification detection module. The display screen is electrically connected to the computer motherboard.

3. The nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base is also equipped with a barcode scanner, which is electrically connected to the electronic control components. The housing has a barcode scanning port, and the scanning end of the barcode scanner is located at the barcode scanning port.

4. The nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection assembly includes a bracket, a mounting base, and multiple sets of detection modules. The bracket is fixedly connected to the top of the base, and multiple sets of mounting bases are provided on the bracket. Each nucleic acid amplification detection module is fixedly connected to its corresponding mounting base. The second cooling fan is fixedly connected to the rear side of the bracket.

5. The nucleic acid amplification and detection analyzer according to claim 4, characterized in that: The mounting base includes a left mounting block and a right mounting block, which are fixedly connected to the bracket. The left and right mounting blocks are respectively provided with slots, and baffles are provided at the tail ends of the slots. The detection module is inserted into the left and right mounting blocks respectively.

6. The nucleic acid amplification detection and analysis instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: The slot is equipped with a positioning strip, and the detection module is equipped with a positioning groove corresponding to the positioning strip. When the detection module is inserted into the left fixing block and the right fixing block, the positioning strip is inserted into the positioning groove.

7. The nucleic acid amplification detection and analysis instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that: The left and right fixing blocks are also provided with a spacer, and the spacer is provided with a groove and an assembly hole. The left and right fixing blocks are fixedly connected to the bracket by bolts passing through the assembly hole.

8. The nucleic acid amplification detection and analysis instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper cover plate has a concave surface in the middle, and the shape of the concave surface corresponds to the display screen. The display screen is rotatably connected to the upper cover plate through a damping shaft, and the display screen can be embedded in the concave surface by rotation.

9. The nucleic acid amplification detection and analysis instrument according to claim 8, characterized in that: The concave surface is provided with multiple grooves, and the detection ports are respectively located at the bottom of each groove. The position of each detection port corresponds one-to-one with the position of the detection port on each detection module.

10. The nucleic acid amplification detection and analysis instrument according to claim 9, characterized in that: A flip cover connecting plate is provided on the concave surface. The flip cover is rotatably connected to the flip cover connecting plate via a rotating shaft. The position of the flip cover corresponds to the position of each groove, and the shape of the flip cover matches the shape of the groove.

11. The nucleic acid amplification detection and analysis instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The housing is equipped with a USB interface and a network interface, which are respectively connected to the electrical control components via electrical signals.

12. The nucleic acid amplification detection and analysis instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: All of the nucleic acid amplification detection modules are independent temperature control and fluorescence detection modules.

13. The nucleic acid amplification detection and analysis instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nucleic acid amplification and detection modules are all five-color or six-color optical path detection modules.

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