Three-dimensional net vegetation slope protection structure
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522574557.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-04
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-04
AI Technical Summary
[0003]然而，在实际工程应用中，传统的三维网与土工格室组合护坡结构，仍存在若干亟待解决的核心技术问题
自锁卡扣结构通过其特有的母槽底座、旋转公扣、旋转装置、支架和固定器的协同设计，实现了土工格室单元间的快速、可靠连接。公扣插入母槽十字槽后旋转特定角度即可实现机械互锁，极大提升了骨架系统的整体性与抗变形能力，有效避免了传统连接方式易产生的松脱与错位，同时显著提高了施工效率。同时，锚固水管创新性地将锚固与排水功能集成于单一构件，其在执行深层锚固任务的同时，能主动将土工格室内部的积水通过管壁渗水孔导入并排出，显著降低了坡体内部的孔隙水压力，从结构内部提升了边坡的稳定性。
Smart Images
Figure CN224884750U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vegetation slope protection, and more specifically, to a three-dimensional mesh vegetation slope protection structure. Background Technology
[0002] With the continuous advancement of ecological civilization construction in my country, ecological slope protection technology is increasingly becoming the mainstream choice for slope protection in engineering fields such as ecological parks, high-standard farmland, river management, and mine restoration. Compared with traditional rigid slope protection structures such as masonry and concrete, flexible ecological materials, represented by geocells and three-dimensional vegetation nets, have shown significant advantages due to their ability to effectively restore vegetation, control soil erosion, and combine good economic benefits with environmental harmony.
[0003] However, in practical engineering applications, traditional 3D mesh and geocell combined slope protection structures still face several core technical challenges that urgently need to be addressed. First, the connections between geocell units often rely on simple binding or overlapping, resulting in poor overall integrity and a tendency for connection failure under complex loads, leading to the disintegration of the framework system. The lack of a connection structure that can be quickly installed and achieve reliable mechanical interlocking results in low construction efficiency and insufficient connection strength. Second, the issue of seepage and drainage within the slope is often overlooked. Conventional anchor bolts only provide anchoring force and cannot effectively remove water accumulation within the cells, posing a risk of slope instability due to increased pore water pressure. Furthermore, the slope protection structure is particularly weak at the toe, where the connection between the 3D mesh and the toe is easily eroded by surface runoff, creating a weak point in the protection and causing the entire slope protection system to fail from the bottom up.
[0004] Currently, while some technologies attempt to improve upon these individual problems, most lack systematic solutions. For example, they may only enhance connectivity or focus solely on drainage, failing to organically integrate these functions into a single system. Utility Model Content
[0005] To overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, this utility model provides a three-dimensional mesh vegetation slope protection structure. This structure can be designed collaboratively from three dimensions: overall connection reliability, deep drainage efficiency, and slope toe anchoring. While ensuring the long-term stability of the structure, it further improves the ease of construction and the ecological restoration effect.
[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A three-dimensional vegetation slope protection structure includes geocell units, self-locking snap-fit structures, anchoring water pipes, a three-dimensional vegetation net, geotextile ropes, and stepped retaining walls. The geocell units are assembled into a single structure through the self-locking snap-fit structures. The anchoring water pipes are installed inside the geocell units. The three-dimensional vegetation net is laid on top of the geocell units. The geotextile ropes are used to tie the three-dimensional vegetation net and the geocell units below. The stepped retaining walls are located at the toe of the slope to fix the bottom of the three-dimensional vegetation net.
[0007] It also includes improved soil, fixing nails, U-shaped anchors and hydroseeding grass layer. The improved soil is filled into the geogrid unit. The fixing nails are fixedly set at the bottom of the geogrid unit to initially fix the geogrid unit. The U-shaped anchors press the three-dimensional vegetation net onto the geogrid unit. The hydroseeding grass layer covers the entire three-dimensional vegetation net.
[0008] The anchoring water pipe has seepage holes on its side wall. The anchoring water pipe has the dual functions of anchor rod and drainage pipe. It can deeply anchor the entire structure and at the same time guide and drain the water accumulated in the geocell unit to reduce water pressure.
[0009] The self-locking buckle structure includes a female groove base, a rotating male buckle, a rotating device, a bracket, and a fixing device. The female groove base is fixed to the geocell unit by bolts and has a cross groove. The bracket is fixed to the geocell unit by the fixing device. The rotating device is fixedly installed on the side end of the bracket. The rotating male buckle is rotatably installed below the rotating device. The rotating male buckle is inserted into the cross groove of the female groove base. After the rotating male buckle is inserted into the cross groove, mechanical interlocking is achieved by rotating it at a specific angle.
[0010] The stepped retaining wall has an L-shaped cross-section. Its vertical part forms a water-retaining facade, and its horizontal part forms a ballast platform. The bottom end of the three-dimensional vegetation net is folded back and pressed between the ballast platform and the foundation.
[0011] The geotextile ropes are arranged in a net-like or serpentine pattern, and the three-dimensional vegetation net and geocell unit are tied together at multiple points to form a whole.
[0012] The hydroseeded grass layer is formed by spraying a mixture of grass seeds, wood fibers, water-retaining agents, and adhesives. The grass seed roots penetrate downwards through the three-dimensional vegetation net and into the improved soil.
[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The self-locking snap-fit structure achieves rapid and reliable connection between geocell units through the coordinated design of its unique female groove base, rotating male snap-fit, rotating device, support, and fixing device. Mechanical interlocking is achieved by inserting the male snap-fit into the female groove and rotating it at a specific angle, greatly improving the integrity and deformation resistance of the skeleton system, effectively avoiding loosening and misalignment that are prone to occur in traditional connection methods, and significantly improving construction efficiency. Meanwhile, the innovative anchoring water pipe integrates anchoring and drainage functions into a single component. While performing deep anchoring tasks, it actively guides and drains accumulated water inside the geocell through seepage holes in the pipe wall, significantly reducing pore water pressure inside the slope and improving slope stability from within the structure.
[0014] The stepped retaining wall and systematic binding structure solve the key problems of terminal fixation and interlayer coordination in slope protection systems. The stepped retaining wall, through its L-shaped cross-section structure, provides robust mechanical counter-pressure fixation to the bottom of the three-dimensional vegetation net, completely eliminating the risk of the slope toe being eroded by water flow, thus forming reliable terminal protection. Furthermore, geotextile ropes are used for multi-point binding in a mesh or serpentine pattern, tightly connecting the three-dimensional vegetation net and geocells into a composite whole, ensuring that the upper and lower layers deform and work together under load, preventing interlayer separation.
[0015] This invention is not a simple superposition of components, but rather achieves functional synergy and enhancement between the various parts through a series of key structural innovations. The result is a composite slope protection system that is firmly connected, efficiently drains, has stable terminals, and exhibits tight interlayer bonding, achieving a qualitative improvement in structural durability, ease of construction, and long-term safety and reliability. Attached Figure Description
[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly of the present utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a grass-planted slope surface for geocells according to this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the slope surface of the three-dimensional vegetation net of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the geotextile rope fixing of the three-dimensional vegetation net of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the application of the self-locking buckle structure of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the self-locking buckle structure of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a top view of the self-locking buckle structure of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the anchored water pipe structure of this utility model; In the figure: 1 is a geocell unit, 2 is a self-locking buckle structure, 201 is a mother trench base, 202 is a rotating male buckle, 203 is a rotating device, 204 is a support, 205 is a fixing device, 3 is improved soil, 4 is an anchor water pipe, 5 is a seepage hole, 6 is a fixing nail, 7 is a U-shaped anchor nail, 8 is a three-dimensional vegetation net, 9 is a geotextile rope, 10 is a stepped retaining wall, and 11 is a hydroseeded grass layer. Detailed Implementation
[0017] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.
[0018] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
[0019] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a three-dimensional vegetation slope protection structure includes geocell units 1, self-locking buckle structures 2, anchoring water pipes 4, three-dimensional vegetation nets 8, geotextile ropes 9, and stepped retaining walls 10. The geocell units 1 are assembled into a whole structure through the self-locking buckle structures 2. The anchoring water pipes 4 are set inside the geocell units 1. The three-dimensional vegetation nets 8 are laid on top of the geocell units 1. The geotextile ropes 9 are used to tie the three-dimensional vegetation nets 8 and the geocell units 1 below. The stepped retaining walls 10 are set at the toe of the slope to fix the bottom of the three-dimensional vegetation nets 8. First, on the leveled slope, the geocell units 1 are connected to each other through the side buckles, like assembling a ground mat, to form a honeycomb-shaped net covering the entire slope. Then, a specially made anchoring water pipe 4 with holes on the side is driven vertically into the depth of the slope like a nail through these honeycomb cells. Next, a layer of three-dimensional vegetation netting 8 is laid on top of this honeycomb netting, and they are tied together with ropes. Finally, a sturdy stepped embankment is built at the foot of the slope to firmly hold the bottom of the three-dimensional netting down.
[0020] Preferably, the system also includes improved soil 3, fixing nails 6, U-shaped anchors 7, and a sprayed grass layer 11. Improved soil 3 is filled into the geogrid unit 1. Fixing nails 6 are fixedly set at the bottom of the geogrid unit 1 to initially fix the geogrid unit 1. U-shaped anchors 7 press the three-dimensional vegetation net 8 onto the geogrid unit 1. The sprayed grass layer 11 covers the entire three-dimensional vegetation net 8. The connected geogrid cells are filled with specially prepared improved soil 3. During the process of laying the cells and the three-dimensional net, fixing nails 6 are used to temporarily fix them to prevent them from sliding. U-shaped anchors 7 are used like staples to nail the three-dimensional net locally to the slope. After all the work is completed, the sprayed grass layer 11 is evenly sprayed on the entire slope.
[0021] Preferably, the anchoring water pipe 4 has seepage holes 5 on its side wall. The anchoring water pipe 4 has the dual functions of anchor rod and drainage pipe, which can deeply anchor the entire structure and at the same time guide and drain the water accumulated in the geocell unit 1, reducing water pressure. Before this special anchoring water pipe 4 is driven into the slope, holes are drilled in the ground. Because its pipe body is full of seepage holes 5, when it rains or water accumulates in the slope, water will seep into these holes, collect in the hollow pipe and be discharged out of the slope along the pipe, realizing that one pipe can play two key roles of anchoring and drainage at the same time.
[0022] Preferably, the self-locking buckle structure 2 includes a female groove base 201, a rotating male buckle 202, a rotating device 203, a bracket 204, and a fixing device 205. The female groove base 201 is fixed to the geocell unit 1 by bolts. The female groove base 201 has a cross groove. The bracket 204 is fixed to the geocell unit 1 by the fixing device 205. The rotating device 203 is fixedly installed on the side end of the bracket 204. The rotating male buckle 202 is rotatably installed below the rotating device 203. The rotating male buckle 202 is inserted into the cross groove of the female groove base 201. After the rotating male buckle 202 is inserted into the cross groove, it achieves mechanical interlocking by rotating at a specific angle. When connecting two geocells, simply align the rotating male buckle 202 of one geocell with the cross groove of the other geocell, insert it, and gently twist the rotating device 203. You will see that the rotating male buckle 202 is firmly locked into the cross groove. If there is no response when you lift the rotating male buckle 202, it means that the two are locked.
[0023] Preferably, the stepped retaining wall 10 has an L-shaped cross-section, with its vertical part forming a water-retaining facade and its horizontal part forming a ballast platform. The bottom end of the three-dimensional vegetation net 8 is folded back and pressed tightly between the ballast platform and the foundation. This stepped retaining wall 10 is usually precast concrete or built on site. When treating the slope toe, the three-dimensional vegetation net 8 is laid downwards, with a length sufficient to allow its end to bypass the right angle of the step, and then folded back and laid flat on the horizontal surface of the step. Finally, it is backfilled with soil and stones or poured together with the foundation to firmly press the net down, so that the water flow cannot remove the net from the slope toe.
[0024] Preferably, the geotextile ropes 9 are arranged in a net-like or serpentine pattern, and the three-dimensional vegetation net 8 is tied to the geocell unit 1 at multiple points to combine the two into a whole. The geotextile ropes 9 are laid in a zigzag or grid pattern on the slope, and tied at each point where they intersect with the lower cell. In this way, the upper and lower nets are stitched into a whole to prevent them from separating or shifting.
[0025] Preferably, the hydroseeded grass layer 11 is formed by spraying a mixture of grass seeds, wood fibers, water-retaining agents and adhesives. The grass seed roots penetrate downwards through the three-dimensional vegetation net 8 and into the improved soil 3. During spraying, the grass seeds, water-retaining gel, wood fibers and environmentally friendly glue are mixed with water to form a slurry, which is then sprayed onto the slope using a high-pressure spray gun. After the grass germinates, its roots will penetrate the three-dimensional net 8 and deeply penetrate into the nutrient soil in the lower grid, ultimately connecting the entire structure tightly together and making it extremely strong.
[0026] The slope surface requiring treatment is manually leveled, and all protruding rocks, debris, and vegetation roots are removed. Then, rectangular drainage structures are excavated on the slope surface according to the design, providing a stable and well-drained base for subsequent structures. Multiple geocell units 1 are transported to the slope surface and laid from top to bottom. During connection, a self-locking snap-fit structure 2 is used. First, the mother slot base 201 is bolted to the frame of one geocell unit 1, and the bracket 204 is fixed to the frame of the adjacent unit using the fixing device 205. The rotating male buckle 202 is installed below the rotating device 203. The rotating male buckle 202 of one unit is aligned and inserted into the cross groove of the mother slot base 201 of the adjacent unit, then rotated at a specific angle, and the two are firmly locked together through mechanical interlocking. In this way, all geocell units 1 are connected into a single flexible framework covering the entire slope surface. During the laying process, fixing nails 6 are used to penetrate the geocell unit 1 sheets and drive them into the soil for initial fixation to prevent slippage. After the geocell unit 1 is laid in place, holes are drilled into the slope to the predetermined depth at the designed location using machinery. Next, prefabricated anchor water pipes 4 are inserted into the holes. Numerous seepage holes 5 are evenly distributed on the sidewalls of these anchor water pipes 4. After the bottom framework is fixed, improved soil 3 is backfilled into all geocell units 1. This improved soil 3 is a pre-mixed mixture of base soil, organic matter, and slow-release fertilizer. During backfilling, the improved soil 3 must be compacted and its surface slightly higher than the edge of the cell to provide sufficient space for plant growth. The three-dimensional vegetation net 8 is laid down the slope from top to bottom, tightly covering the geocell units 1 filled with improved soil 3. Then, numerous U-shaped anchors 7 are used to locally press the three-dimensional vegetation net 8 firmly onto the slope surface. Next, geotextile ropes 9 are used to tie the three-dimensional vegetation net 8 to the underlying geocell units 1 at multiple points in a mesh or serpentine pattern, tightly integrating the two into a composite whole.
[0027] At the toe of the slope, a prefabricated stepped retaining wall 10 with an L-shaped cross-section is constructed or installed on site. During construction, the bottom end of the three-dimensional vegetation net 8 is folded back and tightly pressed between the horizontal ballast platform of the stepped retaining wall 10 and the foundation, thereby achieving permanent mechanical locking of the bottom end of the three-dimensional vegetation net 8.
[0028] Finally, using specialized hydroseeding equipment, a slurry formed by mixing grass seeds, wood fiber, water-retaining agent, and adhesive is evenly sprayed onto the entire surface of the three-dimensional vegetation net 8, forming a hydroseeded grass layer 11. Subsequent maintenance is carried out, and after the grass seeds germinate, their roots will penetrate downwards through the three-dimensional vegetation net 8 and into the improved soil 3, ultimately forming a stable ecological slope protection structure.
[0029] The above description only details the preferred embodiments of the present utility model. However, the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present utility model, and all such changes should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A three-dimensional mesh vegetation slope protection structure, characterized in that: The structure includes geocell units (1), self-locking buckle structures (2), anchoring water pipes (4), three-dimensional vegetation nets (8), geotextile ropes (9), and stepped retaining walls (10). The geocell units (1) are integrated into a whole structure through the self-locking buckle structures (2). The anchoring water pipes (4) are set inside the geocell units (1). The three-dimensional vegetation nets (8) are laid on top of the geocell units (1). The geotextile ropes (9) are used to tie the three-dimensional vegetation nets (8) and the geocell units (1) below. The stepped retaining walls (10) are set at the toe of the slope to fix the bottom of the three-dimensional vegetation nets (8).
2. The three-dimensional mesh vegetation slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes improved soil (3), fixing nails (6), U-shaped anchors (7) and a sprayed grass layer (11). The improved soil (3) is filled in the geocell unit (1). The fixing nails (6) are fixedly set at the bottom of the geocell unit (1) to initially fix the geocell unit (1). The U-shaped anchors (7) press the three-dimensional vegetation net (8) onto the geocell unit (1). The sprayed grass layer (11) covers the entire three-dimensional vegetation net (8).
3. The three-dimensional mesh vegetation slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anchoring water pipe (4) has seepage holes (5) on its side wall. The anchoring water pipe (4) has the dual functions of anchor rod and drainage pipe. It can deeply anchor the entire structure and at the same time guide and drain the water in the geocell unit (1) to reduce water pressure.
4. The three-dimensional mesh vegetation slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The self-locking buckle structure (2) includes a female groove base (201), a rotating male buckle (202), a rotating device (203), a bracket (204), and a fixing device (205). The female groove base (201) is fixed to the geocell unit (1) by bolts. The female groove base (201) has a cross groove. The bracket (204) is fixed to the geocell unit (1) by the fixing device (205). The rotating device (203) is fixedly installed on the side end of the bracket (204). The rotating male buckle (202) is rotatably installed below the rotating device (203). The rotating male buckle (202) is inserted into the cross groove of the female groove base (201). After the rotating male buckle (202) is inserted into the cross groove, mechanical interlocking is achieved by rotation.
5. The three-dimensional mesh vegetation slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The stepped retaining wall (10) has an L-shaped cross section. Its vertical part forms a water-retaining facade, and its horizontal part forms a ballast platform. The bottom end of the three-dimensional vegetation net (8) is folded back and pressed between the ballast platform and the foundation.
6. The three-dimensional mesh vegetation slope protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The geotextile rope (9) is arranged in a net-like or serpentine manner, and the three-dimensional vegetation net (8) is tied to the geocell unit (1) at multiple points, so that the two are combined into a whole.
7. A three-dimensional mesh vegetation slope protection structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sprayed grass layer (11) is formed by spraying a mixture of grass seeds, wood fibers, water-retaining agents and adhesives. The grass seed roots penetrate downwards through the three-dimensional vegetation net (8) and into the improved soil (3).