Pile-supported buttressed anchor cable retaining wall

Abstract

The utility model provides a pile bears to support wall formula anchor cable retaining wall, including support wall formula retaining wall, drainage system and prestressed anchor cable, support wall formula retaining wall includes retaining wall bottom plate, retaining wall vertical board and retaining wall support wall, support wall formula retaining wall wall foot place adopts to add the structure of haunch, retaining wall bottom plate transmits vertical load and assists anti -skid, retaining wall vertical board bears lateral earth pressure, retaining wall support wall connects two to stiffen and transmits load, realizes retaining wall stable support, drainage system includes inverse filtration geotextile, gravel inverse filtration layer, drainage blind ditch and water drain pipe, through inverse filtration geotextile plays to prevent the effect of block, gravel inverse filtration layer provides water -permeable passage, drainage blind ditch collects the water of guide, water drain pipe will gather the water of discharge retaining wall outside, reduces water pressure, prestressed anchor cable fixed mounting is in support wall formula retaining wall add haunch place, promotes retaining wall overall anti -skid ability. The utility model, through support wall formula retaining wall, drainage system and prestressed anchor cable, stable bearing force anti -skid reduces water pressure, promotes stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model patent discloses a pile-supported buttress type anchor cable retaining wall, belonging to the field of geotechnical engineering support technology. It aims to solve the prominent problem of insufficient foundation bearing capacity and horizontal anti-sliding force in existing retaining wall technologies under conditions of deep fill and shallow groundwater levels. Background Technology

[0002] In engineering construction in mountainous and hilly areas, the problem of supporting deep fill areas is often encountered. These slopes have thick fill and shallow groundwater levels, generating enormous earth and water pressures on the support structure. Even more serious is the fact that the original foundation soil is often soft and has low bearing capacity, failing to provide sufficient base friction and foundation bearing capacity for traditional retaining walls (such as gravity or cantilever retaining walls), leading to risks of overall slippage, overturning, and excessive settlement.

[0003] In existing technologies, pile-slab walls require long pile lengths under high fill pressure, resulting in excessive bending moments and poor economic efficiency; anchored anti-slide piles require extremely long anchor cables due to thick fill, leading to low overall efficiency; and buttress-type retaining walls require a very large base area on soft foundations, making them uneconomical. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a comprehensive retaining wall structure that can effectively address both vertical bearing capacity and horizontal anti-slide force. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a pile-supported buttress type anchor cable retaining wall to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A pile-supported buttress-type anchored retaining wall includes a buttress retaining wall, a drainage system, and prestressed anchors; The buttress retaining wall includes a retaining wall base plate, a retaining wall vertical plate, and retaining wall buttresses. The buttress retaining wall adopts a haunch structure at the foot of the wall. The retaining wall base plate transmits vertical loads and assists in anti-slip, the retaining wall vertical plate bears lateral earth pressure, and the retaining wall buttresses connect the two to reinforce and transmit loads, thereby achieving stable support for the retaining wall. The drainage system includes a reverse filter geotextile, a crushed stone reverse filter layer, a drainage ditch, and a drain pipe. The reverse filter geotextile serves to filter the soil and prevent clogging, the crushed stone reverse filter layer provides a water permeable channel, the drainage ditch collects the incoming water, and the drain pipe discharges the collected water outside the retaining wall, lowering the groundwater level behind the wall and reducing the water pressure behind the wall. The prestressed anchor cables are fixedly installed at the buttress retaining wall's haunches to improve the retaining wall's overall anti-slip and anti-overturning capabilities.

[0006] Preferably, the buttress retaining wall is cast in one piece with reinforced concrete. The buttress retaining wall is set between the ground at the top of the wall and the ground at the bottom of the wall. The bottom plate of the retaining wall is set horizontally, and the vertical plate of the retaining wall is perpendicular to the bottom plate of the retaining wall. The two ends of the buttress are fixedly connected to the bottom plate and the vertical plate of the retaining wall, respectively, forming an integral load-bearing frame. This can realize the lossless transfer of load, effectively avoid local stress concentration, and significantly improve the deformation resistance and structural durability of the retaining wall.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom of the retaining wall base plate is fixedly installed with a front row of vertically cast-in-place piles and a rear row of vertically cast-in-place piles, and the front row of vertically cast-in-place piles and the rear row of vertically cast-in-place piles are arranged at intervals along the length of the retaining wall base plate to avoid failure due to excessive local loads in shallow soft soil and to greatly improve the balance and stability of the vertical bearing capacity of the retaining wall.

[0008] Preferably, the vertically cast-in-place front row of piles and the vertically cast-in-place rear row of piles are reinforced concrete piles with a diameter of 0.8m to 1.2m. The pile ends enter the bearing layer, and the pile tops are embedded 100mm into the base plate of the buttress-type retaining wall. The vertical reinforcement is anchored into the base plate of the retaining wall to ensure that the vertical load is reliably transferred from the base plate of the retaining wall to the deep stable soil layer, avoid structural disconnection, and further improve the reliability of vertical bearing and long-term stress stability.

[0009] Preferably, the inclination angle of the prestressed anchor cable is 15° to 25°, the anchorage length is determined according to the horizontal component of the soil pressure, and the anchorage end of the prestressed anchor cable enters a better soil layer, which precisely improves the retaining wall's anti-sliding and anti-overturning capabilities.

[0010] Preferably, the retaining wall panel is equipped with multiple drainage pipes, and the geotextile and gravel filter layer are located behind the retaining wall panel, with the drainage ditch located at the bottom of the gravel filter layer. This filter structure prevents soil particles from clogging the drainage channels, ensuring the long-term effectiveness of the drainage system and preventing retaining wall instability caused by soil softening.

[0011] Preferably, the inclined surface of the retaining wall buttress facing the back of the wall is covered with backfilled gravel soil that evenly transmits the lateral earth pressure behind the wall to the retaining wall buttress, thereby synergistically improving the overall anti-sliding stability of the buttress retaining wall and ensuring that the lateral earth pressure is evenly transmitted to the buttress to avoid local stress concentration.

[0012] Preferably, an anchor head and a sheath are provided at the junction of the retaining wall upright plate and the retaining wall base plate. The anchor head and a sheath are connected to and fixed at one end of the pre-embedded steel sleeve, and the other end of the pre-embedded steel sleeve extends and is embedded inside the retaining wall base plate to disperse the stress during the tensioning of the prestressed anchor cable and ensure a reliable connection between the anchor cable and the buttress retaining wall.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention solves the problem of insufficient foundation bearing capacity by transferring the vertical load of the superstructure to the deep bearing layer through bored piles.

[0014] This invention utilizes prestressed anchor cables to provide strong horizontal tension through the buttress, specifically designed to resist the sliding force of the soil behind the wall, reduce the horizontal force on the pile body, lower the bending moment of the pile body, and reduce the diameter and reinforcement of the foundation pile; at the same time, it drains the groundwater level behind the wall, reducing the water pressure. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional layout diagram of a pile-supported buttress type anchor cable retaining wall proposed in this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a plan view of a pile-supported buttress type anchor cable retaining wall proposed in this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a detailed drawing of a pile-supported buttress-type anchor cable retaining wall drainage system proposed in this utility model.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a detailed drawing of a pile-supported buttress type anchor cable retaining wall with a haunch at the foot of the wall, as proposed in this utility model.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. Ground at the top of the wall; 2. Ground at the base of the wall; 3. Buttress-type retaining wall; 31. Base slab of the retaining wall; 32. Vertical slab of the retaining wall; 33. Buttress of the retaining wall; 34. Anchor head with haunch; 35. Embedded steel sleeve; 41. Front row of vertically cast-in-place piles; 42. Rear row of vertically cast-in-place piles; 5. Drainage system; 51. Geotextile filter; 52. Crushed stone filter layer; 53. Drainage ditch; 54. Drainage pipe; 6. Prestressed anchor cable; 7. Backfill with crushed stone soil behind the wall. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model. Example

[0021] Please see Figures 1 to 4 This utility model provides a technical solution: A pile-supported buttress-type anchored retaining wall includes a buttress-type retaining wall 3, a drainage system 5, and prestressed anchors 6; The buttress-type retaining wall 3 includes a retaining wall base plate 31, a retaining wall upright plate 32, and a retaining wall buttress 33. The buttress-type retaining wall 3 is set between the ground at the top of the wall 1 and the ground at the bottom of the wall 2. The buttress-type retaining wall 3 adopts a haunch structure at the bottom of the wall. The retaining wall base plate 31 transmits vertical loads and assists in anti-slip, the retaining wall upright plate 32 bears lateral earth pressure, and the retaining wall buttress 33 connects the two to reinforce and transmit loads, so as to achieve stable support of the retaining wall. The retaining wall base plate 31 bears and transmits vertical loads such as the self-weight of the retaining wall and the backfill load behind the wall. At the same time, it helps resist the horizontal slippage of the retaining wall through the friction between its bottom and the foundation soil. The retaining wall upright plate 32 directly bears the lateral earth pressure generated by the soil behind the wall, preventing soil collapse. The retaining wall buttress 33 connects the retaining wall base plate 31 and the retaining wall upright plate 32, which not only strengthens the retaining wall upright plate 32 to prevent excessive deformation, but also transmits the lateral earth pressure borne by the retaining wall upright plate 32 to the retaining wall base plate 31. The wall foot haunch structure strengthens the stress performance of the connection between the retaining wall base plate 31 and the retaining wall upright plate 32, avoids stress concentration, and the coordinated action of all components achieves stable support for the buttress-type retaining wall 3.

[0022] The drainage system 5 includes a geotextile filter 51, a gravel filter layer 52, a drainage ditch 53, and a drain pipe 54. The geotextile filter 51 is laid close to the back wall surface of the retaining wall panel 32. The gravel filter layer 52 is laid on the outside of the geotextile filter 51. The drainage ditch 53 is located at the bottom of the gravel filter layer 52. The drain pipe 54 is pre-installed inside the retaining wall panel 32, with its inner end connected to the gravel filter layer 52 and its outer end extending to the outside of the buttress retaining wall 3. The components are arranged in a continuous manner through the above-mentioned positional layout. The drainage system includes a filter geotextile 51 that prevents soil particles behind the wall from entering the subsequent drainage structure with seepage water, thus acting as a filter and anti-clogging agent. The crushed stone filter layer 52 provides a smooth permeable channel for seepage water behind the wall and further filters fine particles. The drainage ditch 53 collects the groundwater that seeps down through the crushed stone filter layer 52. The drain pipe 54 drains the groundwater collected by the drainage ditch 53 out of the retaining wall. Ultimately, the combined effect of the components lowers the groundwater level behind the wall and reduces the additional effect of water pressure on the retaining wall.

[0023] The prestressed anchor cable 6 is fixedly installed at the haunch of the buttress retaining wall 3. The inclination angle of the prestressed anchor cable 6 is set to 15° to 25°, and the anchorage length is determined according to the horizontal component of the soil pressure behind the wall. The anchorage end extends into the better soil layer behind the retaining wall. By fixing and installing at the haunch and combining the above-mentioned optimized parameters, the prestressed anchor cable 6 can form a stable force support point by relying on the stiffness of the haunch structure, avoiding local stress concentration. At the same time, it can obtain reliable pull-out force by means of a reasonable inclination angle and the anchorage end extending into the better soil layer, effectively resisting the horizontal thrust generated by the soil behind the wall, and ultimately accurately improving the overall anti-sliding and anti-overturning capacity of the retaining wall.

[0024] The bottom of the retaining wall base plate 31 is fixedly equipped with a front row of vertically cast-in-place piles 41 and a rear row of vertically cast-in-place piles 42, which are arranged at intervals along the length of the retaining wall base plate 31. Both the front row of vertically cast-in-place piles 41 and the rear row of vertically cast-in-place piles 42 have a diameter of 0.8m to 1.2m. The reinforced concrete piles have their ends penetrating into the deep bearing layer, with the pile tops embedded 100mm into the bottom slab of the retaining wall 3. The vertical reinforcement of the piles is anchored into the bottom slab 31 of the retaining wall to form a rigid connection. By arranging the front and rear rows of piles at intervals along the length of the retaining wall, the failure of shallow soft soil due to excessive local loads can be avoided, greatly improving the balance and stability of the vertical bearing capacity of the retaining wall. At the same time, the connection method of the pile ends penetrating into the bearing layer, the pile tops being embedded, and the reinforcement being anchored ensures that the vertical load borne by the bottom slab 31 of the retaining wall is reliably transferred to the deep stable soil layer, avoiding discontinuity at the structural joints, and further improving the reliability of the vertical bearing capacity and long-term stress stability of the retaining wall 3.

[0025] The backfill of crushed stone soil 7 is laid on the inclined surface of the retaining wall buttress 33 facing the back of the wall. It is laid in layers and compacted to ensure close contact with the inclined surface of the retaining wall buttress 33. The backfill of crushed stone soil 7 can evenly transfer part of the lateral earth pressure behind the wall to the retaining wall buttress 33. This avoids the stress concentration caused by the concentrated lateral earth pressure acting on the retaining wall buttress 33, which could lead to deformation and damage. It also ensures that the retaining wall buttress 33 can stably bear the earth pressure load through uniform load transfer. In this way, it can synergistically improve the overall anti-sliding stability of the buttress retaining wall 3 and ensure that the retaining wall is not easy to slide under the action of the soil behind the wall.

[0026] At the foot of the retaining wall 3 where the retaining wall upright 32 connects to the retaining wall base 31, an anchor head haunch 34 is provided. One end of the pre-embedded steel sleeve 35 is connected and fixed to the anchor head haunch 34, and the other end extends and is embedded inside the retaining wall base 31. The two, together with the retaining wall upright 32 and the retaining wall base 31, form a rigid whole through integrated casting of reinforced concrete. The pre-embedded steel sleeve 35 provides a passage for the prestressed anchor cable 6. The anchor head haunch 34 can disperse the concentrated stress when the prestressed anchor cable 6 is tensioned, avoid cracking at the foot of the wall due to stress concentration, ensure the reliable connection between the prestressed anchor cable 6 and the retaining wall 3, and enable the horizontal tension of the anchor cable to be stably transmitted to the retaining wall structure, thereby improving the overall anti-slip and anti-overturning capacity of the retaining wall.

[0027] Before implementing this utility model, it is necessary to ascertain the thickness of the soil layers, soil parameters, groundwater level, etc. at the project site, and to design and implement it in conjunction with the overall architectural plan.

[0028] The further implementation steps are as follows: (1) Determine the top and bottom elevations of the retaining wall based on the relevant planning conditions of the site layout; (2) Level the site and carry out vertical pile construction; (3) Excavate the soil by slope excavation to the bottom 31 elevation of the retaining wall, remove the over-poured length of the cast-in-place piles, compact the soil between the piles, and pour the bottom 31 cushion layer of the retaining wall. (4) The bottom slab of the buttress retaining wall 3, the vertical slab of the retaining wall 32, and the buttress of the retaining wall 33 are poured in sequence. If the prestressed anchor cable 6 is constructed later, a steel sleeve 35 is pre-embedded in the buttress retaining wall 3 during pouring. The size of the steel sleeve is the diameter of the anchoring end of the anchor cable + 10mm. A settlement joint is set every 10 to 15m in the buttress retaining wall 3, which is arranged in coordination with the pile foundation. The joint is 20 to 30mm wide and filled with asphalt hemp fiber.

[0029] (5) When pouring the retaining wall slab 32, PVC pipes are used as drainage pipes 54. The drainage holes are about 100mm in diameter, spaced 2-3m apart, and arranged in a plum blossom pattern. The drainage holes have an outward slope of 5%. The lowest row of drainage holes should be at least 200mm above the ground. The thickness of the filter layer behind the retaining wall should be at least 300mm.

[0030] (6) After the vertical grouting front row of piles 41, the vertical grouting rear row of piles 42 and the buttress retaining wall 3 reach the design strength, backfilling is carried out behind the wall. The ground behind the wall is excavated on the reverse slope to remove the surface loose soil before backfilling. The fill material is crushed stone soil with good permeability, and the crushed stone content is not less than 40%. It is backfilled layer by layer by compaction, with a layer height of not more than 30cm. The comprehensive internal friction angle of the fill material is not less than 35 degrees and the compaction coefficient is not less than 94%.

[0031] (7) Before backfilling behind the wall, construct the drainage blind ditch 53 and construct the crushed stone filter layer 52 behind the wall during the synchronous backfilling. (8) The prestressed anchor cable 6 can only be tensioned after the anchor body strength is greater than 20MPa and reaches 80% of the design strength grade. The prestressed anchor cable 6 can only be tensioned after the backfill behind the wall is no less than 3 to 5m deep. The tensioning is carried out in two stages. The first tensioning value is 60%, and when the backfill behind the wall reaches the top elevation of the wall, the tensioning is increased to 100%. After the construction of the prestressed anchor cable 6 is completed, a tensioning acceptance test should be carried out in accordance with the "Technical Specification for Building Slope Engineering". The total tension force is 1.05 times the locking value. After passing the multi-cycle or single-cycle acceptance test, the tensioning is carried out in three stages.

[0032] (9) Backfill in layers to the design elevation of the top of the wall, and construct the road surface layer and drainage measures. After completion, the displacement of the retaining wall should be monitored.

[0033] This method can be used in engineering construction in mountainous and hilly areas, where the support problem of deep fill areas is often encountered. This utility model provides vertical bearing capacity through vertical cast-in-place piles and horizontal tension through prestressed anchor cables 6, which solves the problems of insufficient bearing capacity, overall slippage, overturning and excessive settlement of traditional retaining walls (such as gravity type and cantilever type). It can be used as a reference for similar projects and is suitable for support projects with poor geological conditions and elevation differences of 5 to 12.0m.

[0034] All other parts of this utility model not described herein are the same as existing technologies, or are known technologies, or can be implemented using existing technologies, and will not be described in detail here.

[0035] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A pile-supported buttress type anchored cable retaining wall, characterized in that, It includes buttress retaining walls (3), drainage system (5) and prestressed anchor cables (6); The buttress retaining wall (3) includes a retaining wall base plate (31), a retaining wall upright plate (32), and a retaining wall buttress (33). The buttress retaining wall (3) adopts a haunch structure at the wall foot. The retaining wall base plate (31) transmits vertical loads and assists in anti-slip, the retaining wall upright plate (32) bears lateral earth pressure, and the retaining wall buttress (33) connects the two to strengthen and transmit loads, thereby achieving stable support of the retaining wall. The drainage system (5) includes a geotextile filter (51), a gravel filter layer (52), a drainage ditch (53), and a drain pipe (54). The geotextile filter (51) filters the soil and prevents clogging, the gravel filter layer (52) provides a water-permeable channel, the drainage ditch (53) collects the water, and the drain pipe (54) discharges the collected water outside the retaining wall. The prestressed anchor cable (6) is fixedly installed at the haunch of the buttress retaining wall (3).

2. The pile-supported buttress type anchored cable retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The buttress retaining wall (3) is cast in one piece of reinforced concrete. The buttress retaining wall (3) is set between the top ground (1) and the bottom ground (2). The bottom plate (31) of the retaining wall is set horizontally, and the vertical plate (32) of the retaining wall is perpendicular to the bottom plate (31). The two ends of the buttress (33) of the retaining wall are fixedly connected to the bottom plate (31) and the vertical plate (32) of the retaining wall, respectively, to form an overall load-bearing frame.

3. A pile-supported buttress type anchored cable retaining wall according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the retaining wall base plate (31) is fixedly installed with vertically cast-in front piles (41) and vertically cast-in rear piles (42), and the vertically cast-in front piles (41) and vertically cast-in rear piles (42) are arranged at intervals along the length of the retaining wall base plate (31).

4. A pile-supported buttress type anchored cable retaining wall according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vertically cast-in-place front row of piles (41) and the vertically cast-in-place rear row of piles (42) are reinforced concrete piles with a diameter of 0.8m to 1.2m. The pile ends enter the bearing layer, the pile tops are embedded 100mm into the bottom plate of the buttress retaining wall (3), and the vertical steel bars are anchored into the bottom plate of the retaining wall (31).

5. A pile-supported buttress type anchored cable retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The prestressed anchor cable (6) has an inclination angle of 15° to 25°, and the anchorage length is determined according to the horizontal component of the earth pressure. The anchorage end of the prestressed anchor cable (6) enters the soil layer.

6. A pile-supported buttress type anchored cable retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple drainage pipes (54) are installed inside the retaining wall panel (32). The reverse filter geotextile (51) and the crushed stone reverse filter layer (52) are installed behind the retaining wall panel (32). The drainage blind ditch (53) is installed at the bottom of the crushed stone reverse filter layer (52).

7. A pile-supported buttress type anchored cable retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The retaining wall buttress (33) is covered with backfill gravel soil (7) on the inclined surface facing the back of the wall, which evenly transmits the lateral earth pressure behind the wall to the retaining wall buttress (33).

8. A pile-supported buttress type anchored cable retaining wall according to claim 1, characterized in that, An anchor head and axle (34) are provided at the joint foot of the retaining wall upright plate (32) and the retaining wall bottom plate (31). The anchor head and axle (34) are connected to and fixed one end of the pre-embedded steel sleeve (35), and the other end of the pre-embedded steel sleeve (35) extends and is embedded inside the retaining wall bottom plate (31).

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