A slurry sealing device for tunnel vault grouting

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of tunnel engineering, concretely relates to a slurry sealing device for tunnel vault grouting. The device comprises a grout stopping rod composed of inner and outer sleeves, the sleeve is provided with a stopper clamp to clamp a grout stopping plug, a double grout stopping cover made of soft high polymer material and provided with a cross-shaped cutting groove in the center forms a multilayer seal, a full-length bonded anchor rod is inserted into the grout stopping rod, and a reverse buckle type anchor pad and a spherical bolt are matched.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of tunnel engineering technology, specifically relating to a grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting. Background Technology

[0002] In tunnel drilling and blasting construction, the initial support system mainly consists of steel arch frames, anchor bolts, steel mesh, and shotcrete. Anchor bolt support, as a crucial component of the initial support, often plays a role in combining, suspending, and compressing the surrounding rock after excavation. The specific construction process involves first spraying a layer of concrete to seal the exposed surrounding rock surface after tunnel excavation, blasting, and muck removal. Then, anchor bolt holes are drilled and anchor bolts are installed in a staggered pattern according to design requirements. Finally, after all anchor bolts are in place, steel arch frames are installed and shotcrete is applied to the designed thickness. Common types of anchor bolts used in tunnel construction include hollow grouting anchor bolts, resin anchor bolts, mortar anchor bolts, self-drilling anchor bolts, and prestressed anchor bolts. Taking mortar anchor bolts as an example, grouting is first performed in the pre-drilled anchor bolt holes. Then, the anchor bolt body is inserted into the grouted hole, followed by the installation of anchor plates and bolts. Finally, a torque wrench is used to apply prestress to the design value.

[0003] However, existing technologies have significant drawbacks when installing anchor bolts at the tunnel arch. These drawbacks manifest in three main ways: first, significant grout waste occurs during the grouting process due to limitations in the grouting technique; second, after grouting, grout flows out of the anchor bolt holes at the arch due to gravity, causing unnecessary waste; and third, excessive grout flows out of the anchor bolt holes during insertion due to the structural design of conventional anchor bolts. All of these problems lead to grout loss from the anchor bolt holes, resulting not only in material waste but also incomplete grout filling, ultimately affecting the construction quality of the anchor bolts in the arch area. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model provides a grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting, which solves the technical problems existing in the prior art where, during the installation of tunnel arch anchor bolts, the grouting process is limited by process constraints, the grout is subjected to gravity after grouting, and the conventional anchor bolt structure affects the insertion of the anchor bolt, resulting in grout loss in the hole, material waste, and insufficient grout in the hole, thus affecting the construction quality of the arch anchor bolts.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting includes a grout-stopping rod. An arch anchor bolt holes are pre-formed in the rock wall of the tunnel arch. The grout-stopping rod is vertically installed within these holes. The grout-stopping rod includes an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve. The outer sleeve is located within the arch anchor bolt hole, and the inner sleeve passes through the rock wall into the tunnel space. The outer sleeve has a sleeve stop A at one end in the rock wall, and the inner sleeve has a sleeve stop B at one end in the rock wall. The inner sleeve also has a [missing information - likely a design feature] at one end relative to the rock wall. Grout stop cover B, with grout stop cover A installed on the section of the inner sleeve inside the anchor bolt hole at the arch; a grout stop plug is installed at the connection between the grout stop rod and the rock wall, the grout stop plug is sleeved on the inner sleeve, grout stop cover A is installed on one side of the grout stop plug inside the anchor bolt hole at the arch, and grout stop cover B is installed on one side of the grout stop plug in the tunnel space; a full-length bonded anchor rod is inserted inside the grout stop rod, a reverse-locking anchor plate is installed at the junction of the full-length bonded anchor rod and the rock wall, and a spherical bolt is installed at one end of the full-length bonded anchor rod on the rock wall.

[0006] The inner wall of the outer sleeve on the A side of the sleeve stop is provided with internal threads, and the outer wall of the inner sleeve on the B side of the sleeve stop is provided with external threads. The inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are connected and fixed by internal and external threads.

[0007] The central hole of the grout stopper passes through the inner sleeve and is then fitted onto the inner sleeve.

[0008] The end of the grout stopper inside the anchor bolt hole at the top of the arch is clamped and installed by the sleeve stop A, and the end of the grout stopper in the tunnel space is clamped and installed by the sleeve stop B.

[0009] The end of the grout stopper inside the anchor bolt hole at the arch has a round head structure, while the end of the grout stopper in the tunnel space has a square head structure.

[0010] The diameter of the central hole of the grout stopper is less than or equal to 0.5cm to 1cm of the outer diameter of the entire bonded anchor rod.

[0011] The grout stop cover A and grout stop cover B are made of soft polymer material.

[0012] The diameters of grout stop caps A and B are 0.5 cm larger than the outer diameter of the inner sleeve.

[0013] The central areas of the grout stop cover A and grout stop cover B are provided with cross-shaped grooves.

[0014] The spherical side of the spherical bolt is in contact with the reverse-locking anchor plate.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This invention proposes a grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting, employing a multi-layered sealing structure consisting of a grout-stopping plug, double grout-stopping caps, and double sleeve stops to specifically address the problem of grout loss. The sleeve stops A and B of the double sleeves clamp the grout-stopping plug bidirectionally. The diameter of the central hole of the grout-stopping plug is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the entire length of the bonded anchor rod. After the anchor rod is inserted, it forms the first tight seal, preventing grout leakage from the hole during grouting. The double grout-stopping caps are made of soft polymer material with a cross-shaped groove in the center. During grouting, the groove closes to achieve a seal, preventing grout from flowing out due to gravity. When the anchor rod is inserted, the groove opens and closes with the anchor rod body, and automatically rebounds and closes after the anchor rod is in place, preventing grout overflow during insertion. One end of the grout-stopping plug inside the anchor rod hole in the arch has a rounded head structure, which can conform to the inner wall of the anchor rod hole to enhance the seal. The other end in the tunnel space has a square head structure, which facilitates positioning and clamping during installation, further improving the sealing reliability and preventing grout loss at its source. Meanwhile, the grout-stopping structure of this invention is compatible with existing common full-length bonded anchor bolts. The dimensions of the grout-stopping cap and plug can be flexibly adjusted according to the outer diameter of the anchor bolt, without requiring significant modifications to existing anchor bolts or construction equipment. Whether it is the quincunx arrangement of anchor bolt holes in the tunnel arch or the arch support construction under different geological conditions, this device can stably perform its sealing function, has strong adaptability, and has wide engineering application value.

[0016] Furthermore, this invention employs a multi-layered sealing design to ensure no leakage of grout within the borehole after grouting, no overflow during the insertion of the anchor rod, and that the grout within the borehole remains consistently saturated. This saturated grout ensures full contact with the entire length of the bonded anchor rod, guaranteeing an intact bonding area and significantly enhancing the combined suspension and compression reinforcement effect of the anchor rod, thereby strengthening the stability of the surrounding rock at the arch crown. Simultaneously, the design of the reverse-locking anchor plate and spherical bolts ensures that the anchor plate tightly adheres to the rock wall during prestressing, preventing uneven stress on the anchor rod due to insufficient grout saturation, further guaranteeing the load-bearing capacity of the support structure and reducing the risk of later tunnel deformation.

[0017] Furthermore, the sealing structure of this invention can minimize grout loss. The multiple sealing design ensures that the grout remains only in the anchor bolt hole during the grouting process, without additional leakage loss. The synergistic effect of the grout stop cap and grout stop plug prevents grout loss due to gravity after grouting and grout overflow during bolt insertion, making the grout utilization rate close to 100%. Compared with existing technologies, it can reduce grout consumption by more than 30%, significantly reducing material procurement and construction costs.

[0018] Furthermore, this utility model device consists of a grout-stopping rod, a grout-stopping plug, a grout-stopping cap, an anchor bolt, and fasteners. It features a simple structure, highly interchangeable parts, and requires no complex processing techniques, facilitating mass production and on-site assembly. Installation simply involves fixing the double sleeves via threaded connections and clamping the grout-stopping plug in both directions; the steps are simple and easy to understand, requiring no additional specialized equipment. The construction method is highly compatible with the conventional process of tunnel drilling and blasting, requiring only the addition of a sealing device installation step at the anchor bolt hole, without altering the existing construction rhythm. It can be quickly integrated into actual projects, improving construction efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a detailed drawing of a grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting, as described in this utility model. Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the installation position of the grout sealing rod in the tunnel arch area of ​​a grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting according to this utility model. Figure 3 This is an installation diagram of a grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting, showing the grout stop rod in the arch anchor hole. Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of a grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting according to the present invention.

[0020] Labeling Explanation: 1. Rock wall; 11. Arch anchor hole; 2. Initial support; 3. Grout stop rod; 31. External sleeve; 32. Sleeve stop A; 33. Internal sleeve; 34. Sleeve stop B; 35. Internal thread; 36. External thread; 4. Grout; 5. Grout stop plug; 6. Grout stop cap A; 7. Grout stop cap B; 8. Full-length bonded anchor; 81. Spherical bolt; 82. Reverse-lock anchor plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To further understand the present invention, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0022] The embodiments of this utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 4As shown in the figure, this embodiment proposes a grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting, including a grout-stopping rod 3. The grout-stopping rod 3 is mainly composed of an outer sleeve 31, a sleeve stop A32, an inner sleeve 33, a sleeve stop B34, an internal thread 35, an external thread 36, a grout-stopping plug 5, a grout-stopping cap A6, and a grout-stopping cap B7. An arch anchor bolt holes 11 are pre-drilled in the rock wall 1 of the tunnel arch, and the grout-stopping rod 3 is vertically assembled in the arch anchor bolt holes 11. The grout-stopping rod 3 is composed of an outer sleeve 31 and an inner sleeve 33; wherein, the outer sleeve 31 is entirely located in the space inside the arch anchor bolt hole 11, one end of the inner sleeve 33 extends into the arch anchor bolt hole 11, and the other end of the inner sleeve 33 passes through the rock wall 1 and extends into the tunnel space. At the end of the outer sleeve 31 near the rock wall 1, a sleeve stop A32 is integrally formed; at the end of the inner sleeve 33 near the rock wall 1, a sleeve stop B34 is integrally formed. The inner sleeve 33 is also equipped with a grout-stopping cap A6 and a grout-stopping cap B7: the grout-stopping cap A6 is correspondingly located within the section of the inner sleeve 33 in the arch anchor bolt hole 11, and the grout-stopping cap B7 is installed at the end of the inner sleeve 33 in the tunnel space. At the connection point between the grout-stopping rod 3 and the rock wall 1, a grout-stopping plug 5 is fitted; the central hole of the grout-stopping plug 5 passes through the inner sleeve 33 and is stably fitted onto the inner sleeve 33, with its side inside the arch anchor bolt hole 11 corresponding to the grout-stopping cap A6, and its side in the tunnel space corresponding to the grout-stopping cap B7. The grout-stopping rod 3 is internally fitted with a full-length bonded anchor rod 8, which extends to the bottom of the arch anchor rod hole 11; at the junction of the full-length bonded anchor rod 8 and the rock wall 1, a reverse-locking anchor plate 82 is fitted; and at the end of the full-length bonded anchor rod 8 located in the tunnel space, a spherical bolt 81 is screwed on.

[0024] Furthermore, the inner wall of the outer sleeve 31 on the sleeve stop A32 side is machined with an internal thread 35, and the outer wall of the inner sleeve 33 on the sleeve stop B34 side is machined with an external thread 36. The inner sleeve 33 and the outer sleeve 31 are connected and fixed by the internal thread 35 and the external thread 36. The end of the grout stop plug 5 inside the arch anchor bolt hole 11 is clamped and positioned by the sleeve stop A32, and the end in the tunnel space is clamped and positioned by the sleeve stop B34. The end of the grout stop plug 5 inside the arch anchor bolt hole 11 is a round head structure, and the end in the tunnel space is a square head structure, so as to adapt to the sealing and installation positioning requirements of the hole respectively. The diameter of the central hole of the grout stopper 5 is set to be less than or equal to 0.5cm to 1cm of the outer diameter of the full-length bonded anchor rod 8, to ensure a tight seal after the anchor rod is inserted; the grout stopper A6 and grout stopper B7 are made of soft polymer material, and their diameter is greater than 0.5cm of the outer diameter of the inner sleeve 33. Both of them have a cross groove in the central area, which can close and seal during grouting and automatically rebound with the rod body when it is inserted, achieving double leakage prevention.

[0025] Example 2 Based on the above-mentioned grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting, the method of using the grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting includes the following steps: S101: After the tunnel excavation and blasting, the muck is removed. After the blasting and muck removal at the tunnel face is completed, the wet spraying robot enters the tunnel face area to carry out the initial spraying operation on the exposed rock wall after the blasting. S102: After the wet spraying robot completes the initial spraying of the rock wall 1 after blasting, the anchor hole positions are laid out according to the design position of the full-length bonded anchor rod body 8. The anchor drilling and injection machine enters the designated area of ​​the working face and drills the arch anchor hole 11 in a quincunx pattern. After the arch anchor hole 11 is drilled, the corresponding hole cleaning operation is carried out. S103: Assemble the various parts of the grout stop rod and prepare materials such as the full-length bonded anchor rod body 8, spherical bolt 81 and reverse-locking anchor plate 82. The grout stop cover A6, grout stop cover B7 and grout stop plug 5 together form a multi-layer grout stop system. S104: After all the drilling work of the arch anchor bolt holes 11 is completed, install the grout stop rod 3 at the hole opening of each arch anchor bolt hole 11. S105: After all the grouting rods 3 are installed, use a special grouting machine to perform grouting operations. After the grouting is completed, insert the full-length bonded anchor rod 8 to the bottom of the arch anchor rod hole 11 within 30 seconds. S106: After the full-length bonded anchor bolt 8 in the arch area is inserted into the arch anchor bolt hole 11, the reverse-locking anchor plate 82 and the spherical bolt 81 are installed in sequence on the exposed part of the full-length bonded anchor bolt 8. Then, the prestress is applied to the design value using a torque wrench. S107: Repeat steps S105~S106 to complete the construction of the other full-length bonded anchor bolts 8 one by one; S108: After all the full-length bonded anchor bolts 8 have been installed, install the steel arch frame and steel mesh according to the design requirements, and spray concrete to the design thickness to complete the construction of the initial support 2.

[0026] In the preferred embodiment, an integrated process is adopted, in which the grout stop rod 3, anchors, and anchor rods are pre-assembled together and directly inserted into the borehole. This process simplifies the borehole operation by assembling the grout stop rod, anchors, and anchor rods into a single component in advance. Specifically, the process includes the following steps: S101: After the tunnel excavation and blasting, the muck is removed. After the blasting and muck removal at the tunnel face is completed, the wet spraying robot enters the tunnel face area to carry out the initial spraying operation on the exposed rock wall 1 after the blasting. S102: After the wet spraying robot completes the initial spraying of the rock wall 1 after blasting, the anchor hole positions are laid out according to the design position of the full-length bonded anchor rod body 8. The anchor drilling and injection machine enters the designated area of ​​the working face and drills the arch anchor hole 11 in a quincunx pattern. After the arch anchor hole 11 is drilled, the corresponding hole cleaning operation is carried out. S103: Assemble all parts of the grout stop rod and prepare materials such as the full-length bonded anchor rod body 8, spherical bolts 81 and reverse-locking anchor plates 82, and install the grout stop rod 3 at the end of the full-length bonded anchor rod 8 exposed in the tunnel space in the arch area, and pre-install the reverse-locking anchor plates 82 and spherical bolts 81. S104: Use a special grouting machine to perform grouting operations. After grouting is completed, insert the full-length bonded anchor rod 8, which has been installed with the grout stop rod 3, the reverse-locking anchor plate 82 and the spherical bolt 81, into the bottom of the arch anchor hole 11 within 30 seconds. S105: After the full-length bonded anchor bolt 8 in the arch crown area is inserted into the arch crown anchor bolt hole 11, a torque wrench is used to apply prestress to the design value to the full-length bonded anchor bolt 8 through the spherical bolt 82. S106: Repeat steps S104~S105 to complete the construction of the other full-length bonded anchor bolts 8 one by one; S107: After all the full-length bonded anchor bolts 8 are completed, install the steel arch frame and steel mesh according to the design requirements, and spray concrete to the design thickness to form the initial support 2. Complete the construction of the initial support 2 to reinforce the surrounding rock after tunnel excavation, control the deformation of the surrounding rock, and ensure the structural safety during tunnel construction.

[0027] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of this utility model and should not be used to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. Any modifications made to the technical solutions based on the technical concept proposed by this utility model shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting, characterized in that, The tunnel arch includes a grout stop rod (3). An arch anchor bolt hole (11) is pre-installed in the rock wall of the tunnel arch. The grout stop rod (3) is vertically installed inside the arch anchor bolt hole (11). The grout stop rod (3) includes an outer sleeve (31) and an inner sleeve (33). The outer sleeve (31) is located inside the arch anchor bolt hole (11), and the inner sleeve (33) passes through the rock wall into the tunnel space. The outer sleeve (31) has a sleeve stop A (32) at one end of the rock wall, and the inner sleeve (33) has a sleeve stop B (34) at one end of the rock wall. The inner sleeve (33) has a grout stop cap B (7) at one end relative to the rock wall. (33) A grout stop cover A (6) is provided in the section of the anchor bolt hole (11) at the top of the arch; a grout stop plug (5) is provided at the installation connection between the grout stop rod (3) and the rock wall. The grout stop plug (5) is sleeved on the inner sleeve (33). A grout stop cover A (6) is provided on one side of the grout stop plug (5) in the anchor bolt hole (11) at the top of the arch, and a grout stop cover B (7) is provided on one side of the grout stop plug (5) in the tunnel space. A full-length bonded anchor rod (8) is inserted inside the grout stop rod (3). A reverse-locking anchor plate (82) is provided at the junction of the full-length bonded anchor rod (8) and the rock wall. A spherical bolt (81) is provided at one end of the full-length bonded anchor rod (8) on the rock wall.

2. The grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the outer sleeve (31) on the sleeve stop A (32) side is provided with an internal thread (35), and the outer wall of the inner sleeve (33) on the sleeve stop B (34) side is provided with an external thread (36). The inner sleeve (33) and the outer sleeve (31) are connected and fixed by the internal thread (35) and the external thread (36).

3. The grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The central hole of the grout stopper (5) passes through the inner sleeve (33) and is then fitted onto the inner sleeve (33).

4. A grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grout stopper (5) is installed by clamping the end of the sleeve stop A (32) in the anchor hole (11) at the top of the arch, and the grout stopper (5) is installed by clamping the end of the sleeve stop B (34) in the tunnel space.

5. A grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting according to claim 4, characterized in that, The grout stopper (5) has a round head structure at one end inside the anchor bolt hole (11) at the top of the arch, and a square head structure at the other end in the tunnel space.

6. A grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting according to claim 5, characterized in that, The diameter of the central hole of the grout stopper (5) is less than or equal to 0.5cm to 1cm of the outer diameter of the full-length bonded anchor rod (8).

7. A grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grout stop cover A (6) and grout stop cover B (7) are made of soft polymer material.

8. A grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting according to claim 7, characterized in that, The diameters of the grout stop caps A (6) and B (7) are 0.5 cm larger than the outer diameter of the inner sleeve (33).

9. A grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting according to claim 8, characterized in that, The central areas of the grout stop cover A (6) and grout stop cover B (7) are provided with cross-shaped grooves.

10. A grout sealing device for tunnel arch grouting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spherical side of the spherical bolt (81) is in contact with the reverse-locking anchor plate (82).

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