Modular cooling system for tunnel construction

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of modularization cooling system for tunnel construction, it contains air supply module, air supply module, chilled water circulation module, cooling module and water replenishing module. By being provided with heat exchange air cabinet on ventilation air supply pipeline, the air that is sent into tunnel operation area is fully heat exchanged and cooled with chilled water in heat exchange air cabinet before entering operation area, so that the environmental temperature in operation area is effectively reduced by the air that is discharged after heat exchange of heat exchange air cabinet;At the same time, stable closed circulation loop is formed between refrigeration host, chilled water tank, circulating water pump and chilled water pipeline by chilled water;And the heat generated in the operation process of refrigeration host is circulated by cooling water and dissipated through cooling tower, so that refrigeration and heat dissipation process are mutually matched and reliable in operation;In addition, air supply module, chilled water circulation module, cooling module and water replenishing module are respectively provided, and connected by pipeline such as chilled water supply pipeline, which is beneficial to the installation, disassembly and maintenance of system in tunnel construction site.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel construction cooling technology, specifically a modular cooling system for tunnel construction. Background Technology

[0002] As the scale of tunnel construction projects continues to expand and the depth and length of construction increase, high temperature, high humidity, and poor ventilation are easily formed inside the tunnel during construction. On the one hand, the surrounding rock of the tunnel has poor heat dissipation conditions, and the concentrated operation of mechanical equipment generates a large amount of heat; on the other hand, the tunnel space is long and narrow, and air circulation is limited, causing the local temperature in the work area to rise continuously, which seriously affects the work comfort and safety of construction personnel, and even restricts the construction progress.

[0003] To address the high temperatures encountered during tunnel construction, existing technologies typically employ ventilation, air cooling fans, or centralized refrigeration equipment to cool the tunnel interior. For example, refrigeration devices can be installed outside the tunnel to deliver cool air through ductwork to the work area inside, or a chilled water system and heat exchanger can be used to cool the air entering the tunnel, thereby improving the ambient temperature of the work area.

[0004] However, most existing tunnel construction cooling systems adopt an integrated or fixed structure, with relatively fixed connection methods between functional units. The installation and dismantling process is relatively complicated, making it difficult to flexibly adjust or move them as the tunnel construction progresses, resulting in insufficient adaptability to the construction site layout.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a cooling system suitable for tunnel construction environments that ensures effective cooling while also taking into account the convenience of installation and maintenance, and the advantages of good cooling effect, remains a problem that needs further improvement by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a modular cooling system for tunnel construction, which solves the problems of difficulty in adjusting fixed cooling systems in existing technologies.

[0007] A modular cooling system for tunnel construction includes an air supply module, a heat exchanger, a chilled water circulation module, a cooling module, and a water supply module. The air supply module includes a ventilation duct and a blower. One end of the ventilation duct is connected to the blower for communication with the outside of the tunnel, and the other end is connected to the heat exchanger for supplying air to the tunnel working area. The heat exchanger is connected to the ventilation duct and located between the blower and the tunnel working area. The heat exchanger contains a heat exchange component, with its inlet located away from the blower and its outlet located closer to the blower. The chilled water circulation module includes a chiller unit, a chilled water tank, a circulating water pump, and chilled water piping. The chilled water tank is connected to the heat exchanger via a chilled water supply pipe. The inlet end of the heat exchange component is connected, and the outlet end of the heat exchange component is connected to the chilled water tank through a chilled water return pipe. The refrigeration unit is connected to the chilled water tank through a chilled water return pipe, thereby forming a closed loop for transporting chilled water. The cooling module includes a cooling tower and a cooling water pipe. The refrigeration unit is connected to the cooling tower through the cooling water pipe, so that the cooling water circulates in the condenser of the refrigeration unit and dissipates heat through the cooling tower. The water replenishment module includes a water replenishment tank, which is connected to the cooling module through a water replenishment pipe for replenishing cooling water to the cooling water pipe. The chilled water circulates in the chilled water circulation module for heat exchange with air in the heat exchange air cabinet, and the cooling water is used to dissipate the heat generated by the refrigeration unit to the external environment through the cooling tower.

[0008] Preferably, the refrigeration unit includes an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, and refrigerant piping. The evaporator has a chilled water inlet and a chilled water outlet. The chilled water inlet is connected to the chilled water tank via a chilled water supply pipe, and the chilled water outlet is connected to the chilled water tank via a chilled water return pipe. A circulating water pump is installed on the chilled water supply or return pipe to circulate the chilled water. The evaporator is connected to the suction end of the compressor via a refrigerant suction pipe, and the discharge end of the compressor is connected to the condenser via a refrigerant discharge pipe. The condenser has a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet, which are respectively connected to a cooling tower via cooling water piping to allow the cooling water to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the condenser. The condenser is connected in sequence to a dryer filter, a sight glass, and an expansion valve via a refrigerant liquid piping. The outlet of the expansion valve is connected to the evaporator via a refrigerant piping, thereby forming a closed-loop refrigerant circulation circuit.

[0009] Furthermore, a low-pressure gauge is installed on the suction side of the compressor, a high-pressure gauge is installed on the discharge side, and a high-low pressure controller is installed on the refrigerant pipeline.

[0010] Furthermore, a shut-off valve is also installed on the refrigerant pipeline.

[0011] Furthermore, temperature probes are installed at the chilled water inlet, the chilled water outlet, the cooling water inlet, and the cooling water outlet.

[0012] Preferably, the heat exchanger includes a cabinet, inside which an air duct inlet, a heat exchange zone, and an air duct outlet are arranged sequentially along the airflow direction; a front-end filter is provided at the air duct inlet, which is detachably installed in the cabinet for primary filtration of the air entering the heat exchanger; the heat exchange zone is provided with the heat exchange components, which are arranged laterally inside the cabinet and span the cross-section of the air duct; the air duct outlet is connected to an air supply duct, and the cabinet of the heat exchanger is provided with an inspection door, which is correspondingly provided with the heat exchange zone, to facilitate inspection and maintenance of the heat exchange components.

[0013] Furthermore, the heat exchange assembly includes multiple interconnected heat exchange tubes and heat exchange fins disposed on the outside of the heat exchange tubes. The multiple heat exchange tubes are arranged in multiple rows along the airflow direction, with the heat exchange tubes in each row arranged side by side perpendicular to the airflow direction to form a multi-row tube structure covering the cross-section of the air duct. Adjacent tube structures are connected end to end. One side of any tube structure is connected to one side wall of the cabinet, while the other side is separated from the other side wall of the cabinet, and the gaps between adjacent tube structures are staggered. The end of the heat exchange tube near the air duct inlet is connected to the refrigeration unit via a water collection pipe. The water return pipe is connected, and the end of the heat exchange tube near the air duct outlet is connected to the chilled water supply pipe through a water collection pipe, so that chilled water flows in the heat exchange tube; the heat exchange fins are arranged on both sides of the tube structure along the length of the tube structure, and the heat exchange fins on adjacent tube structures are spaced apart, so that a gap is formed between adjacent heat exchange fins to allow air to pass through, so that the air passing through the air duct forms a large area of ​​contact with the heat exchange tube and the heat exchange fins during the flow process, thereby realizing heat exchange between air and chilled water. The height of the heat exchange tube and the heat exchange fins is slightly less than or equal to the height of the inner side of the cabinet.

[0014] Furthermore, the air duct outlet is connected to one end of the air supply pipe, and a booster fan is connected to the other end of the air supply pipe.

[0015] Preferably, an air circulation device is provided in the tunnel working area. The air circulation device includes at least one return air fan and a return air duct connected to the return air fan. One end of the return air duct is located in the tunnel working area and is used to draw air from the working area. The other end is connected to the ventilation and air supply duct, thereby forming an air circulation path in the tunnel working area.

[0016] Preferably, the air supply module, the heat exchange air cabinet, the chilled water circulation module, and the cooling module are all set with independent modular structures. Each module is provided with a quick connection interface at the inlet and outlet positions. The quick connection interface includes a flange interface or a quick-connect connector, so that each module can be quickly disassembled, moved, or reassembled according to the tunnel construction progress.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: This utility model provides a modular cooling system for tunnel construction, comprising an air supply module, a heat exchanger, a chilled water circulation module, a cooling module, and a water supply module. By installing a heat exchanger on the ventilation duct, the air supplied to the tunnel work area undergoes sufficient heat exchange and cooling with the chilled water inside the heat exchanger before entering the work area. This effectively lowers the ambient temperature in the work area. Simultaneously, the chilled water forms a stable closed loop between the chiller, chilled water tank, circulating water pump, and chilled water pipelines, continuously supplying chilled water for heat exchange. The heat generated during the operation of the chiller is dissipated through cooling water circulation and a cooling tower, ensuring coordinated and reliable cooling and heat dissipation. Furthermore, the separate installation of the air supply module, chilled water circulation module, cooling module, and water supply module, connected by chilled water supply pipelines, facilitates installation, disassembly, and maintenance at the tunnel construction site. This system adapts to the complex and variable working environment during tunnel construction and possesses excellent engineering practicality. Therefore, the modular cooling system for tunnel construction provided in this application can achieve a stable and continuous cooling effect during tunnel construction, effectively improve the high-temperature working environment in the tunnel operation area, enhance the working comfort and safety of construction personnel, and has the advantages of convenient installation and maintenance and strong adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the modular cooling system for tunnel construction described in this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the modular cooling system for tunnel construction described in this utility model. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the refrigeration unit described in this utility model; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchanger cabinet described in this utility model; in: 10-Air supply fan, 20-Air supply duct, 30-Cooling tower, 40-Make-up water tank, 50-Refrigeration unit, 60-Chilled water tank, 70-Circulating water pump, 80-Heat exchange air cabinet, 90-Booster air supply fan, 51-Evaporator, 52-Compressor, 53-Condenser, 55-Dryer filter, 56-Sight glass, 57-Expansion valve, 58-High pressure gauge, 59-Low pressure gauge, 61-High and low pressure controller, 81-Cabinet, 82-Air duct inlet, 83-Heat exchange zone, 84-Air duct outlet, 85-Heat exchange tube, 86-Heat exchange fins, 87-Gap, 88-Pipe bank structure. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The embodiments described below are merely some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0020] See Figures 1-4 This embodiment provides a modular cooling system for tunnel construction, which includes an air supply module, a heat exchange air cabinet 80, a chilled water circulation module, a cooling module and a water replenishment module.

[0021] See Figure 1 Specifically, the air supply module includes a ventilation air supply duct 20 and a blower 10. One end of the ventilation air supply duct 20 is connected to the blower 10 for communication with the outside of the tunnel, and the other end is connected to the heat exchange air cabinet 80 for supplying air to the tunnel working area.

[0022] See Figure 1 , Figure 2The heat exchanger 80 is connected to the end of the ventilation duct 20 and located between the blower 10 and the tunnel working area. It is used to cool the supplied air before it enters the tunnel working area. By placing the heat exchanger 80 in the air supply path, the air delivered by the blower 10 must pass through the interior of the heat exchanger 80 before entering the working area, ensuring that the air entering the tunnel working area can fully exchange heat with the heat exchange components and preventing uncooled air from directly entering the working area. The heat exchanger 80 contains heat exchange components connected to a chilled water circulation module for heat exchange between air and chilled water. When the blower 10 is operating, air enters the heat exchanger 80 along the ventilation duct 20. During its passage through the heat exchange components, the heat in the air is absorbed by the chilled water flowing within the components, lowering the air temperature before it is discharged from the heat exchanger 80 and delivered to the tunnel working area, thus cooling the tunnel working area. Furthermore, the water inlet of the heat exchange component is positioned away from the blower 10, and the water outlet is positioned close to the blower 10, so that the flow direction of the chilled water in the heat exchange component is opposite or nearly opposite to the flow direction of the air in the heat exchange cabinet 80. With this arrangement, the high-temperature air entering the heat exchange cabinet 80 first exchanges heat with the relatively high-temperature chilled water that has already absorbed heat in the heat exchange component. Subsequently, as the air flows within the heat exchange cabinet 80 and gradually cools down, it further exchanges heat with the even lower-temperature chilled water. This forms a heat exchange process where the air and chilled water are positioned opposite each other along the flow direction, thereby improving the stability and sufficiency of the heat exchange process and enhancing the overall cooling effect of the heat exchange cabinet 80.

[0023] The chilled water circulation module includes a refrigeration unit 50, a chilled water tank 60, a circulating water pump 70, and chilled water piping. These components are sequentially connected via the chilled water piping to form a closed-loop chilled water circulation system. Specifically, the chilled water tank 60 serves as a storage and buffer unit for chilled water. One end of the tank is connected to the inlet of the heat exchange component within the heat exchanger 80 via a chilled water supply pipe. Driven by the circulating water pump 70, chilled water is transported from the chilled water tank 60 to the heat exchange component via the chilled water supply pipe. After entering the heat exchange component, the chilled water exchanges heat with the air flowing outside the heat exchange component within the heat exchanger 80, absorbing heat from the air and increasing in temperature. After heat exchange, the chilled water flows out from the outlet of the heat exchange component and returns to the chilled water tank 60 via the chilled water return pipe. Meanwhile, the refrigeration unit 50 is connected to the chilled water tank 60 via a chilled water return pipe. High-temperature chilled water flowing back from the chilled water tank 60 is introduced into the refrigeration unit 50 for cooling, lowering the chilled water temperature before returning it to the chilled water tank 60 for storage and reuse. Through this piping connection, chilled water continuously circulates between the refrigeration unit 50, chilled water tank 60, circulating water pump 70, heat exchange components, and chilled water piping, forming a stable closed-loop chilled water circulation system. This allows for a continuous and stable supply of low-temperature chilled water to the heat exchanger 80 for cooling and heat exchange of the air entering the tunnel working area.

[0024] The cooling module includes a cooling tower 30 and cooling water pipes. The cooling water pipes are connected to both the refrigeration unit 50 and the cooling tower 30, forming a cooling water circulation channel. Specifically, the refrigeration unit 50 has a condenser 53 inside. The condenser 53 is connected to the cooling tower 30 via the cooling water pipes, allowing cooling water to circulate between the condenser 53 and the cooling tower 30. During system operation, the cooling water enters the condenser 53 of the refrigeration unit 50 under the guidance of the cooling water pipes, exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the condenser 53, and absorbs the heat released by the refrigerant during condensation, causing the refrigerant to gradually condense from a high-temperature, high-pressure state. After absorbing heat, the cooling water temperature rises and flows into the cooling tower 30 along the cooling water pipes. After entering the cooling tower 30, the cooling water exchanges heat with the outside air, dissipating the absorbed heat to the external environment, thus achieving cooling of the cooling water itself. The cooled water then flows back through the cooling water pipeline to the condenser 53 of the refrigeration unit 50, entering the next cycle. Through this cooling water circulation method, the heat generated by the refrigeration unit 50 during operation can be released to the outside in a timely and effective manner through the cooling water and cooling tower 30, ensuring the stable operation of the condensation process of the refrigeration unit 50 and preventing heat accumulation from affecting cooling efficiency or equipment reliability. This provides a guarantee for the continuous and stable operation of the entire modular cooling system used in tunnel construction.

[0025] The water replenishment module includes a water replenishment tank 40 and a circulating water pump 70. The water replenishment tank 40 is connected to the cooling module via a water replenishment pipeline, thereby replenishing cooling water to the cooling water pipeline. Specifically, the water replenishment tank 40 stores a predetermined amount of cooling water. One end of the water replenishment pipeline is connected to the water replenishment tank 40, and the other end is connected to the cooling water pipeline, allowing the water in the water replenishment tank 40 to replenish the cooling water circulation system. The circulating water pump 70 is installed on the water replenishment pipeline to provide power for conveying water, ensuring that the water in the water replenishment tank 40 can be stably delivered to the cooling water pipeline when needed. During system operation, the cooling water in the cooling module may experience water loss due to evaporation, splashing, or pipeline maintenance during heat dissipation in the cooling tower 30, resulting in a decrease in the water volume in the cooling water circulation system. At this time, by activating the circulating water pump 70 in the water replenishment module, water in the water replenishment tank 40 is supplied to the cooling water pipeline through the water replenishment pipeline, thereby maintaining the water volume in the cooling water circulation system within the normal operating range and ensuring continuous circulation of cooling water between the cooling water pipeline, condenser 53, and cooling tower 30. By setting up the water replenishment module, the cooling water circulation system can receive timely and reliable water replenishment during long-term continuous operation, avoiding the impact of insufficient cooling water on the condensation heat exchange effect of the refrigeration unit 50 or causing unstable equipment operation, thereby improving the operational reliability and engineering applicability of the entire modular cooling system for tunnel construction.

[0026] It should be noted that the heat exchange process of the modular cooling system for tunnel construction described in this embodiment mainly includes the coordinated operation of air-side heat exchange, chilled water-side heat exchange, and refrigerant-side heat exchange. During system operation, the blower 10 drives outside air into the heat exchanger 80 along the ventilation duct 20. Inside the heat exchanger 80, the air flows past the outside of the heat exchange components, indirectly exchanging heat with the chilled water flowing within the components. The heat in the air is transferred to the chilled water through the pipe walls and heat exchange fins 86 of the heat exchange components, lowering the air temperature before it is transported to the tunnel working area, thereby achieving cooling of the ambient air in the working area.

[0027] While heat exchange is completed on the air side, chilled water continuously circulates in the chilled water circulation module. After absorbing heat from the air in the heat exchange components, the chilled water temperature rises and flows back to the chilled water tank 60 through the chilled water return pipe, and then enters the refrigeration unit 50. Inside the refrigeration unit 50, the chilled water exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the evaporator 51. The heat in the chilled water is absorbed by the refrigerant, thereby lowering the temperature of the chilled water again, achieving regenerative cooling of the chilled water. The cooled chilled water flows back to the chilled water tank 60 and is transported to the heat exchange components by the circulating water pump 70 to enter the next round of air heat exchange process.

[0028] Meanwhile, the heat generated by the refrigeration unit 50 during the refrigeration process is promptly dissipated through the cooling module. The heat released by the refrigerant in the condenser 53 is absorbed by the cooling water. The heated cooling water then enters the cooling tower 30 through the cooling water pipeline and dissipates the heat to the external environment through heat exchange with the outside air. The cooled cooling water then flows back to the condenser 53 for reuse. Through the coordinated operation of chilled water circulation, refrigerant circulation, and cooling water circulation, the heat generated in the tunnel working area can be continuously and effectively transferred to the external environment, ensuring the stable operation of the cooling system and its sustained cooling effect.

[0029] It should also be noted that the air supply duct 20, chilled water pipeline, and cooling water pipeline can all be flexibly configured and extended according to the actual needs of tunnel construction. Specifically, each pipeline can be set up using a standardized pipe segment splicing method, and adjacent pipe segments can be connected by flange connections or quick-connect joints. At the same time, two-way valves or shut-off valves are installed at appropriate locations in the pipeline to facilitate the control of pipeline extension, branching, or partial opening and closing. During tunnel construction, when the working face location changes or the construction length continues to extend, it is only necessary to select appropriate lengths of pipeline for splicing and installation according to the site requirements to achieve corresponding adjustments to the air supply distance, heat exchange location, and chilled water delivery path, without the need for the overall demolition or major modification of the original system structure. Through the above-mentioned adjustable and extendable pipeline configuration, the modular cooling system for tunnel construction of this utility model can adapt to tunnel construction environments of different lengths, different cross-sectional forms, and different construction stages, and has strong on-site adaptability and engineering application flexibility. Meanwhile, appropriate power or specifications of equipment such as the chiller 50, chilled water tank 60, heat exchange air cabinet 80 and blower 10 can be selected and configured according to the actual needs of tunnel construction, so that the cooling capacity, air volume and heat exchange capacity of the system can match the scale of the tunnel operation area, construction length and operation intensity.

[0030] Preferably, the refrigeration unit 50 includes an evaporator 51, a compressor 51, a condenser 53, and refrigerant piping; the evaporator 51 has a chilled water inlet and a chilled water outlet, the chilled water inlet is connected to the chilled water tank 60 through a chilled water supply pipe, and the chilled water outlet is connected to the chilled water tank 60 through a chilled water return pipe, and a circulating water pump 70 is installed on the chilled water supply pipe or the chilled water return pipe to circulate the chilled water; the evaporator 51 is connected to the suction end of the compressor 51 through a refrigerant suction pipe, and... The discharge end of the compressor 51 is connected to the condenser 53 through a refrigerant discharge pipe; the condenser 53 is provided with a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet, which are respectively connected to the cooling tower 30 through cooling water pipes, so that the cooling water exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the condenser 53; the condenser 53 is connected to the dryer filter 55, the sight glass 56, and the expansion valve 57 in sequence through a refrigerant liquid pipe, and the outlet of the expansion valve 57 is connected to the evaporator 51 through a refrigerant pipe, thereby forming a closed loop of refrigerant circulation.

[0031] Specifically, the evaporator 51 serves as a heat exchange component between chilled water and refrigerant, and is responsible for cooling the chilled water during system operation. When chilled water enters the evaporator 51 through the chilled water supply pipeline, the refrigerant inside the evaporator 51 is in a low-temperature and low-pressure state. During evaporation, the refrigerant absorbs heat from the chilled water and undergoes a phase change, causing the chilled water temperature to decrease. The cooled chilled water flows out from the chilled water outlet and returns to the chilled water tank 60 for storage and reuse. The circulating water pump 70 provides power for the circulation of chilled water in the chilled water supply pipeline and the chilled water return pipeline, thereby ensuring that the chilled water can continuously and stably circulate between the evaporator 51 and the heat exchanger 80.

[0032] Simultaneously, the refrigerant, after absorbing heat and evaporating in the evaporator 51, is transported to the suction end of the compressor 51 via the refrigerant suction pipe. The compressor 51 compresses the refrigerant, significantly increasing its pressure and temperature. The high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant then enters the condenser 53 via the refrigerant discharge pipe. Inside the condenser 53, the refrigerant exchanges heat with cooling water introduced through the cooling water pipe. As the refrigerant releases heat, it gradually condenses into a liquid state, thereby transferring the heat carried by the refrigerant to the cooling water.

[0033] After condensation, the refrigerant flows sequentially through the refrigerant liquid pipeline, the dryer filter 55, the sight glass 56, and the expansion valve 57. The dryer filter 55 filters and dries the refrigerant to prevent impurities or moisture from affecting system operation. The sight glass 56 observes the refrigerant's flow status. The expansion valve 57 throttles and reduces the pressure of the refrigerant, restoring it to a low-temperature, low-pressure state before it enters the evaporator 51. The throttled refrigerant then re-enters the evaporator 51 to evaporate and absorb heat, thus completing a closed loop of refrigerant circulation between the evaporator 51, compressor 51, condenser 53, and refrigerant pipeline. Therefore, the refrigeration unit 50 can transfer heat from the chilled water to the cooling water and ultimately release it to the external environment via the cooling tower 30, achieving continuous cooling of the chilled water and providing a stable low-temperature chilled water supply for the heat exchanger 80, thereby ensuring the long-term, stable operation of the modular cooling system for tunnel construction.

[0034] Furthermore, a low-pressure gauge 59 is installed on the suction side of the compressor 51, and a high-pressure gauge 58 is installed on the discharge side. This allows the refrigeration unit 50 to display the refrigerant pressure at the suction and discharge ends in real time during operation, facilitating intuitive monitoring of the refrigeration system's operating status by operators. When an abnormal pressure occurs in the refrigerant system, the low-pressure gauge 59 and high-pressure gauge 58 can promptly reflect the abnormal changes, providing a basis for system operation adjustment and fault diagnosis. Furthermore, a high / low pressure controller 61 is installed on the refrigerant pipeline. When the refrigerant pressure exceeds a preset safety range, the high / low pressure controller 61 can control or protect the refrigeration unit 50, such as triggering an alarm or stopping the compressor 51, thereby preventing damage to the compressor 51 and the refrigeration system due to excessively high or low pressure, and improving the safety and reliability of system operation.

[0035] Meanwhile, this application provides a shut-off valve 62 on the refrigerant pipeline, which enables the refrigerant circuit to be isolated in sections during inspection, maintenance or partial replacement of components, avoiding refrigerant leakage or system shutdown, and improving the convenience of system maintenance and the continuity of operation.

[0036] In addition, temperature probes are installed at the chilled water inlet, chilled water outlet, cooling water inlet, and cooling water outlet to monitor the temperature of chilled water and cooling water as they enter and leave the heat exchange components in real time. By collecting these temperature parameters, the heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator 51, condenser 53, and heat exchange fan 80 can be directly reflected, providing data support for judging and adjusting the system's operating status. When abnormal changes in chilled water or cooling water temperature are detected, the operating conditions of the refrigeration unit 50, the flow rate of the circulating water pump 70, or the air supply parameters can be adjusted in a timely manner, thereby ensuring that the system is always in a reasonable and efficient working state, further improving the stability and safety of the modular cooling system used in tunnel construction.

[0037] Preferably, the heat exchanger 80 includes a cabinet 81, inside which an air duct inlet 82, a heat exchange zone 83, and an air duct outlet 84 are arranged sequentially along the airflow direction; a front-end filter is provided at the air duct inlet 82, which is detachably installed inside the cabinet 81 for primary filtration of the air entering the heat exchanger 80; the heat exchange zone 83 is provided with the heat exchange assembly, which is arranged laterally inside the cabinet 81 and spans the cross-section of the air duct; the air duct outlet 84 is connected to the air supply duct 20, and the cabinet 81 of the heat exchanger 80 is provided with an inspection door, which is correspondingly provided with the heat exchange zone 83, so as to allow for inspection and maintenance of the heat exchange assembly.

[0038] Specifically, the air entering the heat exchanger 80 passes sequentially through the air duct inlet 82, the heat exchange zone 83, and exits through the air duct outlet 84. The clear airflow direction facilitates the organization of a stable and uniform airflow. The front-end filter at the air duct inlet 82 filters the air entering the heat exchanger 80, intercepting dust and larger particulate impurities, thereby reducing dust accumulation in the heat exchange zone 83 and preventing adhesion or blockage of the heat exchange components, ensuring long-term stable operation of the heat exchange components. The heat exchange components are arranged laterally and span the cross-section of the air duct, requiring the air passing through the heat exchanger 80 to pass entirely through them, increasing the contact area and contact time between the air and the heat exchange components, promoting thorough heat exchange between the air and chilled water. The air duct outlet 84 connects to the air supply duct 20, allowing the cooled air after heat exchange to be smoothly delivered to the tunnel operating area. Meanwhile, the inspection door on the cabinet 81 is arranged corresponding to the heat exchange area 83, which facilitates the inspection, cleaning or maintenance of the heat exchange components without stopping or briefly stopping the machine, improving the convenience of equipment maintenance and ensuring the long-term reliable operation of the heat exchange air cabinet 80 in the tunnel construction environment.

[0039] Furthermore, the heat exchange assembly includes multiple interconnected heat exchange tubes 85 and heat exchange fins 86 disposed on the outside of the heat exchange tubes 85. The multiple heat exchange tubes 85 are arranged in multiple rows along the airflow direction, and the heat exchange tubes 85 in each row are arranged side by side perpendicular to the airflow direction to form a multi-row tube structure 88 covering the cross-section of the air duct. Adjacent tube structures 88 are connected end to end. The heat exchange tubes 85 on one side of any tube structure 88 are connected to one side wall of the cabinet 81, and the heat exchange tubes 85 on the other side are provided with a gap 87 to the other side wall of the cabinet 81. The gaps 87 of adjacent tube structures 88 are staggered. The end of the heat exchange tube 85 near the air duct inlet 82 is connected to the air duct via a water collection pipe. The chilled water return pipe is connected, and one end of the heat exchange tube 85 near the air duct outlet 84 is connected to the chilled water supply pipe through a water collection pipe, so that chilled water flows in the heat exchange tube 85; the heat exchange fins 86 are arranged on both sides of the tube bank structure 88 along the length direction of the tube bank structure 88, and the heat exchange fins 86 on adjacent tube bank structures 88 are spaced apart, so that a gap 87 for air to pass through is formed between adjacent heat exchange fins 86, so that the air passing through the air duct forms a large area of ​​contact with the heat exchange tube 85 and the heat exchange fins 86 during the flow process, thereby realizing heat exchange between air and chilled water. The height of the heat exchange tube 85 and the heat exchange fins 86 is slightly less than or equal to the height of the inner side of the cabinet 81.

[0040] Specifically, chilled water enters the heat exchange tube 85 under the guidance of the chilled water return pipe and flows sequentially along the multi-row tube structure 88. With the adjacent tube structures 88 connected end-to-end, the chilled water can form a continuous and uniform flow path within the heat exchange assembly. Simultaneously, the supply airflow, driven by the blower 10, enters the heat exchange air handling unit 80 along the air duct inlet 82 and passes entirely through the heat exchange zone 83 formed by the multi-row tube structure 88 and the heat exchange fins 86. Because the heat exchange tubes 85 and the heat exchange fins 86 arranged on their outer sides form a large-area coverage structure in the cross-sectional direction of the air duct, the air flowing through the heat exchange zone 83 is forced to pass through the gaps 87 between the tube structures 88, thereby significantly increasing the contact area and contact time between the air and the heat exchange tubes 85 and the heat exchange fins 86.

[0041] During airflow, heat in the air is conducted through heat exchange fins 86 to heat exchange tubes 85, and further transferred to the chilled water flowing within the heat exchange tubes 85. This causes the chilled water to absorb heat from the air and its temperature to rise, while the air temperature decreases due to the staged heat exchange effect of the multi-row tube structure 88. Because the gaps 87 between adjacent tube structures 88 are staggered, the airflow path within the heat exchange zone 83 is tortuous, avoiding the formation of straight ventilation channels and further enhancing air turbulence, which is beneficial for improving heat exchange efficiency. Through the aforementioned heat exchange process of the multi-row heat exchange tubes 85 and heat exchange fins 86 working together, the air can achieve sufficient and uniform cooling as it passes through the entire heat exchange zone 83, thus ensuring that the air delivered to the tunnel operating area via the heat exchange air handling unit 80 has a low and stable temperature.

[0042] Furthermore, the air duct outlet 84 is connected to one end of the air supply duct 20, and a booster fan 9010 is connected to the other end of the air supply duct 20. By connecting the booster fan 9010 to the end of the air supply duct 20, the air cooled by the heat exchanger 80 can be stably delivered to the tunnel working area under pressure along the air supply duct 20. The booster fan 9010 is used to perform secondary pressurization compensation on the air after passing through the heat exchanger 80, to overcome the air pressure loss caused by the long length of the air supply duct 20, numerous bends, and high resistance inside the tunnel, ensuring that the cold air can be delivered to the remote working area with sufficient air volume and velocity. By setting up the booster fan 9010, the cooled air maintains a stable flow state within the air supply duct 20, avoiding the decrease in air volume or uneven cooling effect due to increased pipeline resistance, thereby ensuring that the tunnel working area can continuously obtain low-temperature air after sufficient heat exchange, improving the air supply reliability and cooling effect of the entire modular cooling system for tunnel construction.

[0043] Preferably, an air circulation device is installed in the tunnel working area. The air circulation device includes at least one return air fan and a return air duct connected to the return air fan. One end of the return air duct is located in the tunnel working area and is used to draw air from the working area; the other end is connected to the ventilation supply duct 20, thus forming a circulating airflow path within the tunnel working area. By installing the air circulation device in the tunnel working area, the air in the tunnel working area can form a stable circulating flow under the combined action of supply and return air. When the return air fan is working, the return air duct draws in the air that has participated in heat exchange in the working area and guides it back to the ventilation supply duct 20, thereby allowing some air to be reused within the system. The air recovered through the return air duct mixes with newly introduced outside air in the supply air path and then re-enters the heat exchange air cabinet 80 for cooling, further reducing the temperature of the return air before it is reintroduced into the working area. Therefore, it can effectively reduce the stagnation and local accumulation of cold air in the tunnel working area, promote the overall air flow and uniform temperature distribution in the working area, and avoid problems such as insufficient cooling or uneven heating in certain areas. At the same time, the return air repeatedly participates in heat exchange during the circulation process, which helps to reduce the system's dependence on the amount of fresh air from the outside, improves cooling efficiency and energy utilization, and thus further improves the cooling effect and operational stability of the modular cooling system for tunnel construction under long-distance tunnels and high heat load conditions.

[0044] Preferably, the air supply module, the heat exchange air cabinet 80, the chilled water circulation module, and the cooling module are all set with independent modular structures. Each module is provided with a quick connection interface at the inlet and outlet positions. The quick connection interface includes a flange interface or a quick-connect connector, so that each module can be quickly disassembled, moved, or reassembled according to the tunnel construction progress.

[0045] The modular cooling system for tunnel construction provided by this utility model includes an air supply module, a heat exchange air cabinet 80, a chilled water circulation module, a cooling module, and a water replenishment module. By installing a heat exchanger 80 on the ventilation air supply duct 20, the air supplied to the tunnel working area is fully cooled by exchanging heat with the chilled water in the heat exchanger 80 before entering the working area. This effectively reduces the ambient temperature in the working area. At the same time, the chilled water forms a stable closed loop between the chiller 50, chilled water tank 60, circulating water pump 70, and chilled water pipeline, continuously outputting chilled water for heat exchange. The heat generated by the chiller 50 during operation is dissipated through cooling water circulation and cooling tower 30, ensuring that the cooling and heat dissipation processes work together reliably. In addition, the air supply module, chilled water circulation module, cooling module, and water replenishment module are set up separately and connected by chilled water supply pipelines, which facilitates the installation, disassembly, and maintenance of the system at the tunnel construction site. It can adapt to the complex and variable working environment during tunnel construction and has good engineering practicality. Therefore, the modular cooling system for tunnel construction provided in this application can achieve a stable and continuous cooling effect during tunnel construction, effectively improve the high-temperature working environment in the tunnel operation area, enhance the working comfort and safety of construction personnel, and has the advantages of convenient installation and maintenance and strong adaptability.

[0046] The above-disclosed embodiments are merely some preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any equivalent changes made in accordance with the scope of the present utility model patent application shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A modular cooling system for tunnel construction, characterized in that: It includes: An air supply module includes a ventilation air supply duct and a blower. One end of the ventilation air supply duct is connected to the blower for communicating with the outside of the tunnel, and the other end is connected to a heat exchange air cabinet to supply air to the tunnel working area. A heat exchange air cabinet is installed on the ventilation air supply duct and located between the blower and the tunnel operation area. The heat exchange air cabinet is equipped with a heat exchange component. The water inlet of the heat exchange component is set away from the blower, and the water outlet of the heat exchange component is set close to the blower. A chilled water circulation module includes a chiller, a chilled water tank, a circulating water pump, and chilled water pipelines. The chilled water tank is connected to the inlet of the heat exchange component in the heat exchange cabinet through a chilled water supply pipeline. The outlet of the heat exchange component is connected to the chilled water tank through a chilled water return pipeline. The chiller is connected to the chilled water tank through a chilled water return pipeline, thereby forming a closed loop for transporting chilled water. A cooling module includes a cooling tower and cooling water pipes. The refrigeration unit is connected to the cooling tower through the cooling water pipes so that the cooling water circulates in the condenser of the refrigeration unit and dissipates heat through the cooling tower. A water replenishment module includes a water replenishment tank, which is connected to the cooling module via a water replenishment pipeline and is used to replenish cooling water to the cooling water pipeline. The chilled water circulates in the chilled water circulation module and is used to exchange heat with air in the heat exchange air cabinet. The cooling water is used to dissipate the heat generated by the refrigeration unit to the external environment through the cooling tower.

2. The modular cooling system for tunnel construction as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The refrigeration unit includes an evaporator, a compressor, a condenser, and refrigerant piping. The evaporator has a chilled water inlet and a chilled water outlet. The chilled water inlet is connected to the chilled water tank via a chilled water supply line, and the chilled water outlet is connected to the chilled water tank via a chilled water return line. A circulating water pump is installed on either the chilled water supply line or the chilled water return line to circulate the chilled water. The evaporator is connected to the suction end of the compressor via a refrigerant suction line, and the discharge end of the compressor is connected to the condenser via a refrigerant discharge line. The condenser has a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet, which are connected to a cooling tower via cooling water piping to allow the cooling water to exchange heat with the refrigerant in the condenser. The condenser is connected to a dryer filter, a sight glass, and an expansion valve in sequence via a refrigerant liquid piping. The outlet of the expansion valve is connected to the evaporator via a refrigerant piping, thus forming a closed-loop refrigerant circulation circuit.

3. The modular cooling system for tunnel construction as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The compressor is equipped with a low-pressure gauge on the suction side and a high-pressure gauge on the discharge side, and a high-low pressure controller is installed on the refrigerant pipeline.

4. The modular cooling system for tunnel construction as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The refrigerant pipeline is also equipped with a shut-off valve.

5. The modular cooling system for tunnel construction as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Temperature probes are installed at the chilled water inlet, the chilled water outlet, the cooling water inlet, and the cooling water outlet.

6. The modular cooling system for tunnel construction as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchanger includes a cabinet. Inside the cabinet, along the airflow direction, there are sequentially arranged an air duct inlet, a heat exchange zone, and an air duct outlet. A front-end filter is installed at the air duct inlet, which is detachably installed inside the cabinet for primary filtration of the air entering the heat exchanger. The heat exchange zone contains the heat exchange components, which are arranged laterally inside the cabinet and span the cross-section of the air duct. The air duct outlet is connected to an air supply duct, and the cabinet of the heat exchanger is equipped with an inspection door, which is correspondingly located to the heat exchange zone, to facilitate inspection and maintenance of the heat exchange components.

7. The modular cooling system for tunnel construction as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The heat exchange assembly includes multiple interconnected heat exchange tubes and heat exchange fins disposed on the outside of the heat exchange tubes. The multiple heat exchange tubes are arranged in multiple rows along the airflow direction, with the heat exchange tubes in each row arranged side by side perpendicular to the airflow direction to form a multi-row tube structure covering the cross-section of the air duct. Adjacent tube structures are connected end to end. One side of any tube structure is connected to one side wall of the cabinet, while the other side has a gap with the other side wall of the cabinet, and the gaps between adjacent tube structures are staggered. The end of each heat exchange tube near the air duct inlet is connected to the chilled water return via a water collection pipe. The pipeline is connected, and one end of the heat exchange tube near the air duct outlet is connected to the chilled water supply pipeline through a water collection pipe, so that chilled water flows in the heat exchange tube; the heat exchange fins are arranged on both sides of the tube bank structure along the length direction of the tube bank structure, and the heat exchange fins on adjacent tube bank structures are spaced apart, so that a gap is formed between adjacent heat exchange fins to allow air to pass through, so that the air passing through the air duct forms a large area of ​​contact with the heat exchange tube and the heat exchange fins during the flow process, thereby realizing heat exchange between air and chilled water. The height of the heat exchange tube and the heat exchange fins is less than or equal to the height of the inner side of the cabinet.

8. The modular cooling system for tunnel construction as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The air duct outlet is connected to one end of the air supply pipe, and the other end of the air supply pipe is connected to a booster fan.

9. The modular cooling system for tunnel construction as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An air circulation device is installed in the tunnel working area. The air circulation device includes at least one return air fan and a return air duct connected to the return air fan. One end of the return air duct is located in the tunnel working area and is used to draw air from the working area. The other end is connected to the ventilation and air supply duct, thereby forming a circulating air flow path in the tunnel working area.

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