Fuel heat exchanger, fuel injection system and engine

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of engine, specifically disclose a fuel heat exchanger, fuel injection system and engine, fuel heat exchanger includes shell, electric heating element and heat exchange pipe, the shell inside forms the heat exchange chamber and heating chamber that do not communicate, is provided with fuel inlet, fuel outlet, heat exchange medium inlet and heat exchange medium outlet on the shell, fuel inlet communicates with heating chamber, heat exchange medium inlet and heat exchange medium outlet all communicate with heat exchange chamber, fuel outlet does not communicate with heat exchange chamber, electric heating element sets up in heating chamber, is used for heating the fuel in heating chamber, heat exchange pipe is located in heat exchange chamber, one end of heat exchange pipe communicates with heating chamber, the other end communicates with fuel outlet. Through the fuel heating in heat exchange pipe to waste gas, improve the temperature of fuel, make it with air more uniform mixing, improve the combustion efficiency while reducing the tendency of knock, set up electric heating element and heat the fuel, improve the ignition success rate in low temperature environment, thereby promote low temperature cold start ability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of engine technology, and in particular to a fuel heat exchanger, a fuel injection system, and an engine. Background Technology

[0002] When the ambient temperature is low, the ignition performance and combustion efficiency of fuel both decrease. Traditional engines typically use gasoline for starting and switch to methanol after warm-up. Alternatively, a water boiler can be used to heat the engine's circulating water, thereby increasing the temperature of the intake manifold and cylinder head. Both solutions can improve ignition success rate and engine combustion efficiency. However, this introduces the need for a gasoline supply system or water boiler, significantly increasing structural complexity. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fuel heat exchanger, a fuel injection system, and an engine to improve the ignition success rate and combustion efficiency in low-temperature environments, while reducing structural complexity.

[0004] This utility model provides a fuel heat exchanger, comprising:

[0005] The outer shell has a non-communicating heat exchange chamber and a heating chamber inside. The outer shell is provided with a fuel inlet, a fuel outlet, a heat exchange medium inlet, and a heat exchange medium outlet. The fuel inlet is connected to the heating chamber, the heat exchange medium inlet and the heat exchange medium outlet are both connected to the heat exchange chamber, and the fuel outlet is not connected to the heat exchange chamber.

[0006] An electric heating element is fixedly disposed inside the heating chamber and is used to heat the fuel inside the heating chamber;

[0007] A heat exchange tube is located inside the heat exchange chamber. One end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the heating chamber, and the other end of the heat exchange tube is connected to the fuel outlet.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution for the fuel heat exchanger, the electric heating element is an electric heating plate, which is arranged perpendicular to the fuel flow direction, and the heat exchange tube is fixedly connected to the electric heating plate.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution for the fuel heat exchanger, one of the heat exchange medium inlet and the heat exchange medium outlet is located near the fuel inlet, and the other is located near the fuel outlet.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution for the fuel heat exchanger, the heat exchange tubes are configured in multiple ways, and the multiple heat exchange tubes are arranged in parallel.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution for the fuel heat exchanger, a partition is also provided inside the heat exchange chamber, the heat exchange tube passes through the partition, and the partition is provided with multiple through holes.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution for the fuel heat exchanger, the baffles are configured as a plurality of baffles, which are spaced apart along the length of the heat exchange tube.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution for fuel heat exchangers, the outer shell is covered with an insulation layer.

[0014] This utility model provides a fuel injection system, including a fuel pump and a fuel heat exchanger according to any of the above-mentioned schemes, wherein the fuel pump is connected to the fuel inlet and the fuel outlet is connected to the air intake.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution for the fuel injection system, the fuel outlet is connected to the air intake through an injection pipe, and the injection pipe extends along the airflow direction within the air intake.

[0016] This invention provides an engine comprising a fuel injection system according to any of the above-described embodiments.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0018] This utility model provides a fuel heat exchanger that heats the fuel in the heat exchange tube through a heat exchange medium, thereby increasing the fuel temperature and making it mix more evenly with air. This improves combustion efficiency and reduces the possibility of knocking. At the same time, an electric heating element is set to heat the fuel, improving the ignition success rate in low-temperature environments, thereby enhancing the cold start capability.

[0019] This invention provides a fuel injection system that preheats the fuel by setting up a fuel heat exchanger, thereby improving the fuel vaporization effect, resulting in more uniform mixing with air and improving combustion efficiency.

[0020] This invention provides an engine that, by setting up the fuel injection system of this invention, achieves both improved low-temperature cold start capability and combustion efficiency, while eliminating the need for additional fuel supply systems or heating equipment such as water boilers, thus reducing structural complexity. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fuel heat exchanger in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the fuel heat exchanger in the air intake duct in an embodiment of this utility model;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the fuel injection system in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0024] In the picture:

[0025] 100. Intake manifold; 200. Exhaust manifold; 300. Three-way valve; 400. Exhaust aftertreatment device; 500. Fuel tank; 600. Fuel pump; 700. Boost pump; 800. Intercooler;

[0026] 1. Fuel heat exchanger; 11. Shell; 111. Fuel inlet; 112. Fuel outlet; 113. Heat exchange medium inlet; 114. Heat exchange medium outlet; 12. Electric heating element; 13. Heat exchange tube; 14. Baffle; 101. Heat exchange chamber; 102. Heating chamber; 2. Injection pipe; 3. Air inlet. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "first position" and "second position" refer to two different positions. Moreover, "above," "on top of," and "over" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "under," and "below" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0030] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.

[0031] like Figure 1As shown, this utility model provides a fuel heat exchanger 1 for use in the fuel injection system of an engine. In this embodiment, the fuel is preferably methanol, meaning the fuel heat exchanger is used to heat the methanol fuel. The fuel heat exchanger 1 includes a shell 11, an electric heating element 12, and a heat exchange tube 13. The shell 11 has non-communicating heat exchange chambers 101 and 102, which are distributed along the length of the shell 11. The shell 11 is provided with a fuel inlet 111, a fuel outlet 112, a heat exchange medium inlet 113, and a heat exchange medium outlet 114. The fuel inlet 111 is connected to a fuel pump 600, which atomizes and injects fuel into the fuel inlet 111. The fuel outlet 112 is connected to the engine's intake duct 3 or intake manifold 100. The heated and vaporized fuel is ejected from the fuel outlet 112 and mixes with air to form a combustible mixture. The heat exchange medium inlet 113 is connected to the engine's exhaust manifold 200 or coolant outlet, and the heat exchange medium outlet 114 is connected to the exhaust gas treatment device 400 or coolant tank. The fuel inlet 111 is connected to the heating chamber 102, and both the heat exchange medium inlet 113 and the heat exchange medium outlet 114 are connected to the heat exchange chamber 101. The fuel outlet 112 is not connected to the heat exchange chamber 101 to avoid mixing of the heat exchange medium and fuel. The electric heating element 12 is fixed inside the housing 11, dividing the internal space of the housing 11 into the non-communicating heat exchange chamber 101 and heating chamber 102. In other embodiments, a separate partition can also be provided inside the housing to divide the internal space of the housing 11 into the heat exchange chamber and the heating chamber. The electric heating element 12 is used to heat the fuel in the heating chamber 102. The heat exchange tube 13 is located inside the heat exchange chamber 101, with one end connected to the heating chamber 102 and the other end connected to the fuel outlet 112. The fuel inside the heat exchange tube 13 is heated by the residual heat of the exhaust gas or coolant, raising its temperature above the vaporization temperature to complete fuel vaporization. This results in a more uniform mixture with air, optimizing combustion and reducing the probability of knocking. Simultaneously, an electric heating element 12 is installed to directly heat the fuel during cold starts, thereby improving the ignition success rate in low-temperature environments and enhancing cold-start capability. In this embodiment, the electric heating element 12 is a heating plate, positioned perpendicular to the fuel flow direction to ensure sufficient contact between the fuel and the heating plate. The heat exchange tube 13 is fixedly connected to the heating plate, allowing fuel to smoothly enter the heating tube 13 from the heating chamber 102.

[0032] Furthermore, both the heat exchange medium inlet 113 and the heat exchange medium outlet 114 are only connected to the heat exchange chamber 101, and the heat exchange chamber 101 is not connected to the fuel inlet 111 or the fuel outlet 112, to avoid the mixing of exhaust gas or coolant with fuel and affecting the combustion effect. One of the heat exchange medium inlet 113 and the heat exchange medium outlet 114 is located near the fuel inlet 111, and the other is located near the fuel outlet 112, to increase the flow path of exhaust gas or coolant in the heat exchange chamber 101, enhance heat exchange with the heat exchange tube 13, and improve the heating effect on the fuel in the heat exchange tube 13. In this embodiment, the heat exchange medium inlet 113 is located near the fuel inlet 111, and the heat exchange medium outlet 114 is located near the fuel outlet 112, that is, the heat exchange medium inlet 113 is connected to the end of the heat exchange chamber 101 near the fuel inlet 111, and the heat exchange medium outlet 114 is connected to the end of the heat exchange chamber 101 near the fuel outlet 112. The flow direction of exhaust gas or coolant is consistent with the flow direction of fuel in heat exchange tube 13, thereby improving heat exchange efficiency.

[0033] Specifically, multiple heat exchange tubes 13 are provided, and the multiple heat exchange tubes 13 are arranged in parallel. The distance between two adjacent heat exchange tubes 13 is equal. The multiple heat exchange tubes 13 are evenly distributed according to the shape of the electric heating element 12 to increase the utilization rate of waste heat from exhaust gas or coolant, so that the fuel in each heat exchange tube 13 can obtain approximately equal heat from exhaust gas or coolant.

[0034] Furthermore, a baffle 14 is also provided inside the heat exchange chamber 101, through which the heat exchange tube 13 passes. The baffle 14 has multiple through holes. By providing the baffle 14, the exhaust gas or coolant can only pass through the through holes in the baffle 14 when flowing to it. Therefore, the baffle 14 obstructs the flow of the exhaust gas or coolant, resulting in more efficient heat exchange between the exhaust gas or coolant and the heat exchange tube 13. Optionally, multiple baffles 14 are provided, spaced apart along the length of the heat exchange tube 13, to further improve the utilization rate of waste heat from the exhaust gas or coolant. In this embodiment, the baffles 14 are arranged perpendicular to the heat exchange tube 13, with equal distances between adjacent baffles 14, thereby dividing the heat exchange chamber 101 into multiple sub-cavities of equal volume arranged sequentially along the flow direction of the exhaust gas or coolant. Along the flow direction of the exhaust gas or coolant, the heat exchange medium inlet 113 communicates with the first sub-cavity, and the heat exchange medium outlet 114 communicates with the last sub-cavity. On the one hand, the heat exchange between the exhaust gas or coolant and the heat exchange tube 13 is more complete, and on the other hand, the support effect on the heat exchange tube 13 is enhanced.

[0035] Optionally, the outer casing 11 is covered with an insulation layer to reduce heat loss and enhance the heating effect on the fuel. The insulation layer can be a heat-resistant silicone or heat-resistant rubber insulation layer, or a resin insulation layer or a rock wool insulation layer.

[0036] like Figures 2-3As shown, this utility model provides a fuel injection system, including a fuel pump 600, a booster pump 700, and a fuel heat exchanger 1 in this embodiment. The fuel pump 600 is connected to a fuel inlet 111, and both the fuel outlet 112 and the booster pump 700 are connected to an intake manifold 3. The booster pump 700 supplies air to the intake manifold 3, and the heat exchange medium inlet 113 is connected to an exhaust manifold 200. By using the fuel heat exchanger 1 of this utility model to preheat the fuel, the vaporization effect of the fuel is improved, resulting in more uniform mixing with air and improved combustion efficiency.

[0037] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the fuel outlet 112 is connected to the intake duct 3 through the injection pipe 2. The injection pipe 2 extends along the air flow direction in the intake duct 3, so the vaporized fuel changes its flow direction through the injection pipe 2 and is consistent with the air flow direction. As a result, the vaporized fuel and air are mixed more evenly, which helps to optimize combustion and reduce the tendency of knocking.

[0038] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, taking exhaust gas as the heat exchange medium, a three-way valve 300 is installed on the flow path connecting the heat exchange medium inlet 113 and the exhaust manifold 200. The three-way valve 300 is used to change the exhaust gas flow rate from the exhaust manifold 200 to the heat exchange medium inlet 113, thereby adjusting the three-way valve 300 according to different operating conditions to change the exhaust gas flow rate entering the fuel heat exchanger 1, ensuring that the fuel is heated to the appropriate temperature. The three openings of the three-way valve 300 are respectively connected to the exhaust manifold 200, the heat exchange medium inlet 113, and the exhaust gas treatment device 400 to divert the exhaust gas from the exhaust manifold 200 to the heat exchange medium inlet 113 and the exhaust gas treatment device 400. The heat exchange medium outlet 114 is also connected to the exhaust gas treatment device 400 to prevent the exhaust gas from directly escaping into the atmosphere and causing pollution.

[0039] Specifically, the inlet of the fuel pump 600 is connected to the fuel tank 500, which contains liquid fuel. An injector or injection valve is also provided between the outlet of the fuel pump 600 and the fuel inlet 111 of the fuel heat exchanger 1, atomizing the liquid fuel and injecting it into the fuel inlet 111. The booster pump 700 compresses air and supplies it to the intake manifold 3 after passing through the intercooler 800. The air mixes with the fuel and then enters the combustion chamber for combustion. In this embodiment, the intake manifold 3 can be located inside or outside the engine's intake manifold 100; no specific limitation is made here.

[0040] This invention provides an engine, including the fuel injection system described in this embodiment. By implementing the fuel injection system of this invention, the engine achieves improved low-temperature cold start capability and combustion efficiency, while eliminating the need for additional fuel supply systems or heating equipment such as water boilers, thus reducing structural complexity.

[0041] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and an explanation of the technical principles employed. Those skilled in the art should understand that the scope of disclosure involved in this utility model is not limited to the technical solutions formed by specific combinations of the above-described technical features, but should also cover other technical solutions formed by arbitrary combinations of the above-described technical features or their equivalents without departing from the above-described concept. For example, technical solutions formed by substituting the above-described features with (but not limited to) technical features with similar functions disclosed in this utility model.

[0042] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A fuel heat exchanger, characterized in that, include: The outer shell (11) has a non-communicating heat exchange chamber (101) and heating chamber (102) inside. The outer shell (11) is provided with a fuel inlet (111), a fuel outlet (112), a heat exchange medium inlet (113) and a heat exchange medium outlet (114). The fuel inlet (111) is connected to the heating chamber (102). The heat exchange medium inlet (113) and the heat exchange medium outlet (114) are both connected to the heat exchange chamber (101). The fuel outlet (112) is not connected to the heat exchange chamber (101). An electric heating element (12) is fixedly disposed in the heating chamber (102) and is used to heat the fuel in the heating chamber (102); Heat exchange tube (13) is located inside the heat exchange chamber (101). One end of the heat exchange tube (13) is connected to the heating chamber (102), and the other end of the heat exchange tube (13) is connected to the fuel outlet (112).

2. The fuel heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The electric heating element (12) is an electric heating plate, which is arranged perpendicular to the flow direction of the fuel, and the heat exchange tube (13) is fixedly connected to the electric heating plate.

3. The fuel heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of the heat exchange medium inlet (113) and the heat exchange medium outlet (114) is located near the fuel inlet (111), and the other is located near the fuel outlet (112).

4. The fuel heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange tubes (13) are configured in multiple ways, and the multiple heat exchange tubes (13) are arranged in parallel.

5. The fuel heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that, A partition (14) is also provided inside the heat exchange chamber (101), and the heat exchange tube (13) passes through the partition (14). The partition (14) has multiple through holes.

6. The fuel heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that, The partition (14) is configured as a plurality of partitions, which are distributed at intervals along the length of the heat exchange tube (13).

7. The fuel heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The outer shell (11) is covered with an insulation layer.

8. A fuel injection system, characterized in that, It includes a fuel pump (600) and a fuel heat exchanger (1) according to any one of claims 1-6, wherein the fuel pump (600) is connected to the fuel inlet (111) and the fuel outlet (112) is connected to the air intake (3).

9. The fuel injection system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The fuel outlet (112) is connected to the air intake (3) through the injection pipe (2), which extends along the air flow direction in the air intake (3).

10. An engine, characterized in that, Includes the fuel injection system according to any one of claims 8-9.

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