High-precision two-dimensional rotary table

Abstract

The utility model relates to a rotary table technical field, a kind of high-precision two-dimensional rotary table, including azimuth axis system and pitch axis system, the pitch axis system includes pitch motor assembly and encoder end shaft head assembly, further include U-shaped bracket, outlet base, the motor end bearing seat for installing pitch motor assembly and the encoder end bearing seat for installing encoder end shaft head assembly;U-shaped bracket is located at the top of azimuth axis system rotating part, outlet base is located at the bottom of azimuth axis system fixed part, and encoder end bearing seat and motor end bearing seat are separately located at the top of U-shaped bracket both ends;Each component is hollow in interior and is equipped with the wire channel of intercommunication, and outlet base bottom surface is equipped with wire slot, and cable is led out by outlet base side face by wire channel and wire slot. The utility model avoids the friction, winding phenomenon of cable and surrounding components in the process of axis system rotation, prevents cable outer skin abrasion and signal transmission interruption, eliminates the additional load generated by cable pulling, guarantees the stability of axis system rotation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of turntable technology, and more specifically, to a high-precision two-dimensional turntable. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as mechanical manufacturing, aerospace ground testing, and optical precision inspection, high-precision two-dimensional turntables are core devices for achieving attitude adjustment and precise positioning of load equipment. Their motion stability, angle measurement accuracy, and structural reliability directly determine the operational quality and efficiency of related equipment. With the continuous upgrading of industrial manufacturing and aerospace technology, the market has placed more stringent requirements on the multi-condition adaptability, cable layout rationality, and long-term operational stability of two-dimensional turntables.

[0003] While some existing two-dimensional turntables (such as those disclosed in patents with publication numbers "CN117685462A" and "CN118151364A") can achieve high rotational positioning accuracy, their cables and signal lines are often exposed or simply bundled. During shaft rotation, these cables are prone to friction and entanglement with surrounding components, causing wear on the cable sheath, signal transmission interruption, and additional load due to cable tension. This affects the stability of shaft rotation, leading to increased positional jitter and decreased repeatability, making it difficult to meet the demands of high-frequency, large-angle rotation. Furthermore, external dust, oil mist, and other impurities easily adhere to cable joints, causing poor contact, short circuits, and other faults, significantly reducing the electrical stability and lifespan of the equipment. When carrying precision loads such as large-aperture optical instruments and laser terminals, exposed cables can also interfere with the stability of the optical path and cannot guarantee the consistency of shaft accuracy across the entire rotation range, limiting the application of turntables in precision scenarios such as high-end optical inspection and aerospace simulation experiments. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-precision two-dimensional turntable to solve the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.

[0005] This utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: A high-precision two-dimensional turntable includes an azimuth axis system and a pitch axis system. The pitch axis system includes a pitch motor assembly and an encoder end shaft assembly, as well as a U-shaped bracket, a cable outlet base, a motor end bearing housing for mounting the pitch motor assembly, and an encoder end bearing housing for mounting the encoder end shaft assembly. The U-shaped bracket is located at the top of the rotating part of the azimuth axis system, and the cable outlet base is located at the bottom of the fixed part of the azimuth axis system. The encoder end bearing housing and the motor end bearing housing are located at the top of both ends of the U-shaped bracket. Each component is hollow inside and has a connected cable routing channel. The bottom surface of the cable outlet base has a cable routing groove, and the cable is led out from the side of the cable outlet base through the cable routing channel and the cable routing groove.

[0006] Furthermore, the encoder end bearing housing and the motor end bearing housing are open on the outside and are provided with upper cover plates; the U-shaped bracket is open on the outside at both ends and is provided with middle cover plates.

[0007] Furthermore, the U-shaped support has an open top center and a lower cover plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the azimuth axis system includes an azimuth bearing housing, an azimuth motor stator, an azimuth motor rotor, an azimuth bearing, and an azimuth encoder; the cable outlet base is located at the bottom of the azimuth bearing housing, the top of the azimuth bearing housing has an annular groove, the azimuth motor stator is located inside the annular groove and is fixedly connected to the azimuth bearing housing, the azimuth motor rotor is rotatably located inside the azimuth motor stator, and the azimuth bearing is located between the azimuth motor rotor and the inner sidewall of the annular groove; the U-shaped support is fixedly connected to the top of the azimuth motor rotor, the rotating part of the azimuth encoder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the azimuth motor rotor, and the fixed part of the azimuth encoder is fixedly connected to the azimuth bearing housing.

[0009] Furthermore, the azimuth axis system also includes an azimuth motor shaft and an azimuth encoder shaft. The azimuth motor shaft is fixedly connected to the inner side of the azimuth motor rotor, and the azimuth encoder shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom of the azimuth motor shaft. The U-shaped support is fixedly connected to the top of the azimuth motor shaft, and the rotating part of the azimuth encoder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the azimuth encoder shaft.

[0010] Furthermore, a plastic protective sleeve is provided at the center of the azimuth bearing seat, and the plastic protective sleeve is fixedly connected to the azimuth bearing seat. The plastic protective sleeve is provided with several through holes that pass through the axial direction.

[0011] Furthermore, the encoder end shaft assembly includes a pitch encoder, a pitch encoder shaft, and an encoder end pitch bearing. The encoder end pitch bearing is located between the pitch encoder shaft and the encoder end bearing housing. The rotating part of the pitch encoder is fixedly connected to the pitch encoder shaft, and the fixed part of the pitch encoder is fixedly connected to the encoder end bearing housing.

[0012] Furthermore, the pitch motor assembly includes a pitch motor rotor, a pitch motor stator, and a motor end pitch bearing. The pitch motor stator is fixedly connected to the motor end bearing housing, the pitch motor rotor is rotatably disposed inside the pitch motor stator, and the motor end pitch bearing is disposed between the pitch motor rotor and the motor end bearing housing.

[0013] The technical solution of this utility model has at least the following advantages and beneficial effects: In this utility model, by setting interconnected hollow cable routing channels inside each component and cooperating with the cable routing groove on the bottom surface of the cable outlet base, the cable is arranged in a built-in hidden manner. The cable is orderly led out from the side of the cable outlet base through the cable routing channels and cable routing grooves, which completely avoids the friction and entanglement of the cable with the surrounding components during the rotation of the shaft system, prevents wear of the cable sheath and interruption of signal transmission, eliminates the additional load caused by cable pulling, ensures the stability of the shaft system rotation, effectively reduces turntable position vibration, improves repeatability and positioning accuracy, and meets the usage requirements of high-frequency and large-angle rotation conditions; at the same time, it can prevent external dust, oil mist and other impurities from adhering to the cable joints and causing failures, reduce the interference of exposed cables on the optical path, ensure the accuracy consistency of the shaft system throughout the entire rotation range, and facilitate the expansion of the turntable's application in precision scenarios. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a high-precision two-dimensional turntable provided by this utility model; Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a high-precision two-dimensional turntable provided by this utility model; Figure 3 This is an enlarged sectional view of the azimuth axis system; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the cable outlet base; Figure 5 This is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the pitch motor assembly; Figure 6 This is an enlarged sectional view of the encoder end shaft assembly; Reference numerals: 1-Azimuth shaft system, 101-Azimuth bearing housing, 102-Azimuth motor stator, 103-Azimuth motor rotor, 104-Azimuth bearing, 105-Azimuth encoder, 106-Azimuth motor shaft, 107-Azimuth encoder shaft, 108-Plastic protective sleeve, 109-Azimuth bearing retaining ring, 2-Pitch motor assembly, 201-Pitch motor rotor, 202-Pitch motor stator, 203-Motor end pitch bearing, 204-Stator housing, 205-Pitch 206 - Pitch motor end shaft, 3 - Encoder end shaft head assembly, 301 - Pitch encoder, 302 - Pitch encoder shaft, 3021 - Pitch encoder shaft body, 3022 - Pitch encoder end shaft, 303 - Encoder end pitch bearing, 304 - Outer pressure ring, 4 - U-shaped bracket, 5 - Cable outlet base, 501 - Cable routing groove, 6 - Motor end bearing seat, 7 - Encoder end bearing seat, 8 - Upper cover plate, 9 - Middle cover plate, 10 - Lower cover plate, 11 - Load device. Detailed Implementation

[0015] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2A high-precision two-dimensional turntable includes an azimuth axis system 1, a pitch axis system, a U-shaped support, a cable outlet base 5, a motor end bearing seat 6, and an encoder end bearing seat 7. The pitch axis system includes a pitch motor assembly 2 and an encoder end shaft head assembly 3. The motor end bearing seat 6 is used to mount the pitch motor assembly 2, and the encoder end bearing seat 7 is used to mount the encoder end shaft head assembly 3. The U-shaped support is located at the top of the rotating part of the azimuth axis system 1 (i.e., the U-shaped support 4 can rotate with the azimuth axis system 1), the cable outlet base 5 is located at the bottom of the fixed part of the azimuth axis system 1, and the encoder end bearing seat 7 and the motor end bearing seat 6 are respectively located at the top of both ends of the U-shaped support 4. As is easy to understand, the pitch motor assembly 2 and the encoder end shaft assembly 3 are arranged coaxially. In practical applications, one end of the load device 11 is connected to the rotating part of the pitch motor assembly 2, and the other end of the load device 11 is connected to the rotating part of the encoder end shaft assembly 3. When the azimuth axis 1 drives the U-shaped support 4 to rotate, the azimuth of the load device 11 is adjusted. The pitch motor assembly 2 directly drives the load device 11 to rotate, thereby adjusting its pitch angle.

[0016] Each component is hollow inside and has a connecting cable routing channel. The bottom surface of the cable outlet base 5 has a cable routing groove 501 (see reference). Figure 4 The cable is led out from the side of the cable outlet base 5 via the cable routing channel and cable routing groove 501. By setting up interconnected hollow cable routing channels inside each component, and cooperating with the cable routing groove 501 on the bottom surface of the cable outlet base 5, the cable is internally concealed. The cable is orderly led out from the side of the cable outlet base 5 via the cable routing channel and cable routing groove 501, which completely avoids the friction and entanglement of the cable with the surrounding components during the rotation of the shaft system, prevents wear on the cable sheath and interruption of signal transmission, eliminates the additional load caused by cable pulling, ensures the stability of the shaft rotation, effectively reduces turntable position vibration, improves repeatability and positioning accuracy, and meets the usage requirements of high-frequency, large-angle rotation conditions. At the same time, it can prevent external dust, oil mist and other impurities from adhering to the cable joints and causing failures, reduce the interference of exposed cables on the optical path, ensure the accuracy consistency of the shaft system throughout the entire rotation range, and facilitate the expansion of the turntable's application in precision scenarios.

[0017] Based on the above, in this embodiment, the encoder end bearing housing 7 and the motor end bearing housing 6 are open on the outside and equipped with upper cover plates 8; the U-shaped bracket 4 is open on both sides and equipped with middle cover plates 9. This arrangement facilitates the installation, debugging, and maintenance of the wiring of the pitch motor assembly 2 and the encoder end shaft head assembly 3 from the side by opening the upper cover plates 8 and the middle cover plates 9. Furthermore, the top center of the U-shaped bracket 4 is open and equipped with a lower cover plate 10, which facilitates the installation, debugging, and maintenance of the wiring of the azimuth shaft system 1 by opening the lower cover plate 10. Alternatively, the upper cover plate 8, the middle cover plate 9, and the lower cover plate 10 are all fixed by screws.

[0018] refer to Figure 3The azimuth axis system 1 includes an azimuth bearing housing 101, an azimuth motor stator 102, an azimuth motor rotor 103, an azimuth bearing 104, and an azimuth encoder 105. The cable outlet base 5 is located at the bottom of the azimuth bearing housing 101 (for example, the two are connected by screws). The top of the azimuth bearing housing 101 is provided with an annular groove. The azimuth motor stator 102 is located inside the annular groove and is fixedly connected to the azimuth bearing housing 101 (preferably, in this embodiment, the "fixed connection" is selected to be a screw connection, which will not be described in detail below). The azimuth motor rotor 103 is rotatably located inside the azimuth motor stator 102. The azimuth bearing 104 is located between the azimuth motor rotor 103 and the inner side wall of the annular groove. The manufacturer and model of the azimuth bearing 104 are not limited. For example, a SKF ultra-precision angular contact ball bearing, model 71826 CDGA / P4, can be selected. The U-shaped bracket 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the azimuth motor rotor 103, the rotating part of the azimuth encoder 105 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the azimuth motor rotor 103, and the fixed part of the azimuth encoder 105 is fixedly connected to the azimuth bearing seat 101.

[0019] Based on the above, it is easy to understand that the orientation motor in this embodiment uses a direct-drive motor. Compared with the traditional method of using a complex transmission structure for orientation adjustment, this not only significantly reduces the overall size and weight of the device, but also avoids errors introduced by transmission backlash and mechanical wear. There are no restrictions on the manufacturer and model of the direct-drive motor; for example, the J270LW01 model from Xi'an Motor Factory can be selected.

[0020] In this embodiment, the orientation encoder 105 is a circular grating encoder, with its rotating part being the code disk (also called the grating disk) and its fixed part being the reading head. The working principle is as follows: the code disk surface is engraved with uniformly distributed grating lines or a unique coding pattern. When the code disk rotates with the measured shaft, the light emitted by the reading head passes through or is reflected onto the grating grating area, forming alternating bright and dark moiré fringes. The photosensitive element of the reading head captures the changes in the fringes and converts them into electrical signals, ultimately calculating the rotation angle or position. The manufacturer and model of the orientation encoder 105 are not limited. For example, if Renishaw's RESA30 absolute circular grating is selected, the orientation grating (i.e., code disk) model is RESA30USA200B, and the corresponding two reading heads are RA26BTA200B30F.

[0021] In this embodiment, the azimuth shaft system 1 also includes an azimuth motor shaft 106 and an azimuth encoder shaft 107. The azimuth motor shaft 106 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the azimuth motor rotor 103, and the azimuth encoder shaft 107 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the azimuth motor shaft 106. Furthermore, a U-shaped support 4 is fixedly connected to the top of the azimuth motor shaft 106, and the rotating part of the azimuth encoder 105 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the azimuth encoder shaft 107. Further, in this embodiment, an azimuth bearing 104 is also provided between the azimuth encoder shaft 107 and the inner sidewall of the annular groove. The inner ring of the azimuth bearing 104 is pressed and fixed by an azimuth bearing pressure ring 109 fixedly connected to the top of the azimuth bearing seat 101.

[0022] In this embodiment, a plastic protective sleeve 108 is provided at the center of the azimuth bearing housing 101. The plastic protective sleeve 108 has several through-holes in the axial direction to prevent the cable from directly contacting the metal azimuth bearing housing 101, thus protecting the cable routing. The plastic protective sleeve 108 is fixedly connected to the azimuth bearing housing 101. It is easy to understand that, based on the azimuth bearing retaining ring 109, the plastic protective sleeve 108 is fixedly connected to the azimuth bearing retaining ring 109.

[0023] refer to Figure 5 The pitch motor assembly 2 includes a pitch motor rotor 201, a pitch motor stator 202, and a motor-end pitch bearing 203. The pitch motor stator 202 is fixedly connected to the motor-end bearing housing 6. The pitch motor rotor 201 is rotatably disposed inside the pitch motor stator 202. The motor-end pitch bearing 203 is disposed between the pitch motor rotor and the motor-end bearing housing 6. Specifically, the pitch motor stator 202 is fixedly connected to the motor-end bearing housing 6 through a stator seat 204, that is, the stator seat 204 is fixedly connected to the motor-end bearing housing 6, and the pitch motor stator 202 is then fixedly connected to the stator seat 204. Furthermore, the pitch motor rotor 201 is connected to the pitch motor shaft 205, and the pitch motor shaft 205 is connected to the pitch motor end shaft 206 (the load device 11 is fixedly connected to the pitch motor end shaft 206). The pitch motor rotor 201, the pitch motor shaft 205 and the pitch motor end shaft 206 are arranged axially. A motor end pitch bearing 203 is provided between the pitch motor shaft 205 and the motor end bearing seat 6, and between the pitch motor end shaft 206 and the motor end bearing seat 6. The stator seat 204 acts as the outer ring clamping member of the motor end pitch bearing 203.

[0024] Based on the above, it is easy to understand that the pitch motor in this embodiment is also a direct-drive motor. Compared with the traditional method of using a complex transmission structure for pitch adjustment, this not only significantly reduces the overall size and weight of the device, but also avoids errors introduced by transmission backlash and mechanical wear. There are no restrictions on the manufacturer and model of the pitch motor; for example, the J122LW01 model from Xi'an Electric Machinery Factory can be selected. There are also no restrictions on the manufacturer and model of the motor-end pitch bearing 203; for example, like the azimuth bearing 104, a SKF ultra-precision angular contact ball bearing, model 71826 CDGA / P4, can be selected.

[0025] refer to Figure 6 The encoder end shaft assembly 3 includes a pitch encoder 301, a pitch encoder shaft 302, and an encoder end pitch bearing 303. The encoder end pitch bearing 303 is disposed between the pitch encoder shaft 302 and the encoder end bearing seat 7. The rotating part of the pitch encoder 301 is fixedly connected to the pitch encoder shaft 302, and the fixed part of the pitch encoder 301 is fixedly connected to the encoder end bearing seat 7. Further, in this embodiment, the pitch encoder shaft 302 includes a pitch encoder shaft body 3021 and a pitch encoder end shaft 3022 (the load device 11 is fixedly connected to the pitch encoder end shaft 3022). The two are connected and fixed as a whole and arranged along the axial direction. The rotating part of the pitch encoder 301 is fixedly connected to the pitch encoder end shaft 3022. Based on this, an encoder end pitch bearing 303 is provided between the pitch encoder shaft body 3021 and the encoder end bearing seat 7, and between the pitch encoder end shaft 3022 and the encoder end bearing seat 7. Furthermore, the outer ring of the encoder end pitch bearing 303 is pressed and fixed by an outer pressure ring 304 fixedly connected to the encoder end bearing seat 7.

[0026] There are no restrictions on the manufacturer and model of the pitch encoder 301. For example, a Renishaw RESA30 absolute circular grating can be selected, with the pitch grating (code disk) model being RESA30USA100B, and the corresponding two readhead models being RA26BTA100B10F. There are also no restrictions on the manufacturer and model of the encoder-end pitch bearing 303. For example, similar to the azimuth bearing 104, a SKF ultra-precision angular contact ball bearing can be selected, with the model number 71826 CDGA / P4.

[0027] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A high-precision two-dimensional turntable, comprising an azimuth axis system and a pitch axis system, wherein the pitch axis system comprises a pitch motor assembly and an encoder end shaft assembly, characterized in that, It also includes a U-shaped bracket, a cable outlet base, a motor end bearing housing for mounting the pitch motor assembly, and an encoder end bearing housing for mounting the encoder end shaft assembly; the U-shaped bracket is located at the top of the azimuth axis rotating part, the cable outlet base is located at the bottom of the azimuth axis fixed part, and the encoder end bearing housing and the motor end bearing housing are located at the top of both ends of the U-shaped bracket; each component is hollow inside and has a connecting cable routing channel, and the bottom surface of the cable outlet base has a cable routing groove, through which the cable is led out from the side of the cable outlet base.

2. The high-precision two-dimensional turntable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The encoder end bearing housing and the motor end bearing housing are open on the outside and are provided with upper cover plates; the U-shaped bracket is open on the outside at both ends and is provided with middle cover plates.

3. The high-precision two-dimensional turntable according to claim 2, characterized in that, The U-shaped support has an open top center and a lower cover plate.

4. The high-precision two-dimensional turntable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The azimuth axis system includes an azimuth bearing housing, an azimuth motor stator, an azimuth motor rotor, an azimuth bearing, and an azimuth encoder; The cable outlet base is located at the bottom of the azimuth bearing seat, and the top of the azimuth bearing seat is provided with an annular groove. The azimuth motor stator is located inside the annular groove and is fixedly connected to the azimuth bearing seat. The azimuth motor rotor is rotatably located inside the azimuth motor stator. The azimuth bearing is located between the azimuth motor rotor and the inner side wall of the annular groove. The U-shaped support is fixedly connected to the top of the azimuth motor rotor. The rotating part of the azimuth encoder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the azimuth motor rotor. The fixed part of the azimuth encoder is fixedly connected to the azimuth bearing seat.

5. The high-precision two-dimensional turntable according to claim 4, characterized in that, The azimuth axis system also includes an azimuth motor shaft and an azimuth encoder shaft. The azimuth motor shaft is fixedly connected to the inner side of the azimuth motor rotor, and the azimuth encoder shaft is fixedly connected to the bottom of the azimuth motor shaft. The U-shaped support is fixedly connected to the top of the azimuth motor shaft, and the rotating part of the azimuth encoder is fixedly connected to the bottom of the azimuth encoder shaft.

6. The high-precision two-dimensional turntable according to claim 4, characterized in that, The center of the azimuth bearing housing is provided with a plastic protective sleeve, which is fixedly connected to the azimuth bearing housing. The plastic protective sleeve is provided with several through holes that pass through the axial direction.

7. The high-precision two-dimensional turntable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The encoder end shaft assembly includes a pitch encoder, a pitch encoder shaft, and an encoder end pitch bearing. The encoder end pitch bearing is located between the pitch encoder shaft and the encoder end bearing seat. The rotating part of the pitch encoder is fixedly connected to the pitch encoder shaft, and the fixed part of the pitch encoder is fixedly connected to the encoder end bearing seat.

8. The high-precision two-dimensional turntable according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pitch motor assembly includes a pitch motor rotor, a pitch motor stator, and a motor end pitch bearing. The pitch motor stator is fixedly connected to the motor end bearing housing. The pitch motor rotor is rotatably disposed inside the pitch motor stator. The motor end pitch bearing is disposed between the pitch motor rotor and the motor end bearing housing.

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