A biomass boiler feeding and feeding device

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural by -products processing especially, more particularly to a kind of biomass boiler feeding and feeding device, including storage unit, material taking unit, feeding unit and anti-backfire unit. Material taking unit is set to the bottom of storage unit, and is communicated between feeding unit by anti-backfire unit, and the discharge port of feeding unit is set to hearth side wall. Anti-backfire unit includes shell main body and the openable and closable fire door mechanism of being located at shell main body, when fire door mechanism is in open state, feeding and feeding device normal continuous feeding, when fire door mechanism is in closed state, for isolating the flame reverse flow in hearth. The utility model is set between feeding unit and material taking unit by anti-backfire unit, by the way of physical barrier, effectively barrier the flame in hearth along material transmission channel reverse flow, avoid silo temperature excessively high or fire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural by-product processing, and in particular to a biomass boiler feeding device. Background Technology

[0002] With the tightening of energy supplies and the increasing severity of environmental pollution, various industries are gradually becoming more aware of the importance of renewable energy, with biomass energy receiving particular attention. Biomass is the most abundant substance on Earth, encompassing all animals, plants, and microorganisms, as well as the many organic substances derived from, excreted, and metabolized by these living organisms. All types of biomass possess a certain amount of energy. Energy generated from biomass, using it as a carrier, is biomass energy.

[0003] Agricultural byproducts contain a large amount of biomass, and the heat energy from biomass can be recovered and utilized through combustion. Current technology typically involves placing the biomass material in a biomass boiler for energy recovery. However, during the application of biomass boilers, if combustion becomes uncontrolled within the furnace, coupled with the highly flammable nature of biomass, the flames can flow back along the feeding channel to the material handling equipment or silo, resulting not only in wasted heat energy but also a high risk of fire. Utility Model Content

[0004] (a) Technical problems to be solved This utility model provides a biomass boiler feeding device, which aims to solve the problem of flame backflow in the furnace by setting an anti-backfire device between the material taking mechanism and the feeding mechanism.

[0005] (II) Technical Solution To achieve the above objectives, this utility model proposes a biomass boiler feeding device, including a storage unit, a retrieving unit, a feeding unit, and a backfire prevention unit. The material taking unit is located at the bottom of the material storage unit and is connected to the feeding unit through the anti-backfire unit. The discharge port of the feeding unit is located on the side wall of the furnace. The backfire prevention unit includes a shell body and an openable and closable fireproof door mechanism located on the shell body. When the fireproof door mechanism is in the open state, the feeding device continuously supplies materials normally. When the fireproof door mechanism is in the closed state, it is used to isolate the backflow of flames in the furnace.

[0006] A further technical solution is that the top of the shell body is connected to the discharge port of the material taking unit through a pipe, and the bottom is connected to the inlet of the feeding unit through a pipe. The openable and closable fire door mechanism includes a pair of door panels rotatably connected to the shell body. The door panels are connected to a drive device through a transmission mechanism. The drive device is fixedly connected to the shell body. The drive device drives the door panels to open or close through the transmission structure.

[0007] A further technical solution is that the transmission mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a drive rocker arm; Along the rotation axis of the door panel, one end of the door panel extends and is fixed with the rotation shaft, which is mounted to the shell body via a bearing; The drive device is fixed to the outer wall of the shell body, and its output end is hinged to one end of the drive rocker arm, while the other end of the drive rocker arm is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft.

[0008] The drive device is fixed to a fixed base on the outer side wall of the shell body, and its output end is hinged to a drive rocker arm fixed to the rotating shaft.

[0009] A further technical solution is that an inspection window is provided in the lower middle part of the shell body, and an inspection door is provided over the inspection window. The inspection window and the inspection door are connected by a connector.

[0010] A further technical solution is that the driving device is a cylinder.

[0011] A further technical solution is that the storage unit includes a furnace front silo and a conveyor; The conveyor is located above the feed inlet at the top of the furnace front silo and is used to replenish the furnace front silo. The top of the furnace silo is equipped with a laser level sensor for monitoring the material level, a temperature sensor for monitoring the silo temperature, and a steam extinguishing head for cooling.

[0012] A further technical solution is that the material handling unit includes a screw feeder located at the bottom of the furnace front hopper, and the bottom of the screw feeder is connected to the upper interface of the shell body through a pipe. The feeding unit includes a screw feeder, the top of which is connected to the bottom interface of the shell body via a pipe.

[0013] A further technical solution is that the feeding end of the screw feeder is equipped with a water-cooled jacket, and the feeding port is located at the water-cooled wall of the furnace.

[0014] (III) Beneficial Effects The beneficial effects of this utility model are: by setting an anti-backfire unit between the feeding unit and the taking unit, the flame in the furnace is effectively blocked from flowing back along the material transfer channel through physical isolation, and the flame is controlled after the taking unit, so as to avoid the material hopper temperature from becoming too high or catching fire.

[0015] Specifically, the backfire prevention unit includes a shell body and an openable and closable fireproof door mechanism. The shell body is located in the channel between the material handling unit and the feeding unit, providing rotational support for the opening and closing of the fireproof door. Compared with the existing technology, where the two-stage mechanisms of material handling and feeding are only connected by telescopic pipes, the openable and closable fireproof door structure can be opened or closed according to the temperature of the hopper. This physical isolation method simply and efficiently blocks the reverse transmission of flames inside the furnace, effectively isolating the fire. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the feeding device for a biomass boiler; Figure 2 A schematic diagram showing the structure with the anti-backfire unit in the open position; Figure 3 A schematic diagram showing the structure with the anti-backfire unit in the off state; Figure 4 This is an elevation view of the anti-backfire unit.

[0017] [Explanation of Labels in the Attached Image] 1: Material storage unit; 11: Furnace front hopper; 111: Material level sensor; 112: Temperature sensor; 113: Steam extinguishing head; 12: Conveyor; 2: Material handling unit; 21: Screw feeder; 3: Feeding unit; 31: Screw feeder; 4: Backfire prevention unit; 41: Shell body; 411: Inspection door; 42: Fire door mechanism; 421: Door panel; 422: Transmission mechanism; 4221: Rotating shaft; 4222: Drive rocker arm; 423: Drive device; 5: Water cooling jacket; 6: Water-cooled wall; 7: Inspect and repair fire doors. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To better explain and facilitate understanding of this utility model, the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] This embodiment provides a biomass boiler feeding device, such as... Figure 1As shown, the furnace includes a storage unit 1, a material handling unit 2, a feeding unit 3, and a backfire prevention unit 4. The material handling unit 2 is located at the bottom of the storage unit 1 and is connected to the feeding unit 3 via the backfire prevention unit 4. The discharge port of the feeding unit 3 is located on the side wall of the furnace. The backfire prevention unit 4 includes a shell body 41 and an openable and closable fireproof door mechanism 42 located on the shell body 41. When the fireproof door mechanism 42 is in the open state, the feeding device continuously supplies material normally. When the fireproof door mechanism 42 is in the closed state, it is used to isolate the backflow of flames inside the furnace. Especially in the event of a fire, it can promptly isolate the flames outside the storage unit 1.

[0020] Biomass boilers are boiler equipment that use biomass energy, such as wood chips, straw, rice husks, and other organic materials as fuel. Since most of these materials are highly flammable, once combustion in the furnace becomes uncontrolled, the flames will flow backwards along the feeding channel. To address this issue, this embodiment incorporates a backfire prevention unit 4, using a door panel 421 to spatially separate the flame backflow channel, preventing the flames or excessively high temperatures from being transmitted backwards to the hopper, thus preventing further escalation of the fire.

[0021] Specifically, in the above embodiment, the storage unit 1 is used to store biomass materials. The top of the storage unit 1 is conveyed by a conveyor belt, and the materials fall into the hopper of the storage unit 1 by gravity after arriving at the storage unit 1. The material retrieving unit 2 is located below the storage unit 1 and its function is to retrieve materials from the hopper of the storage unit 1. In this embodiment, the material retrieving unit 2 mainly uses a screw conveyor 21 for material retrieval. The feeding unit 3 continuously conveys the materials conveyed by the material retrieving unit 2 into the furnace. In this embodiment, by setting up two-stage material conveying devices—the material retrieving unit 2 and the feeding unit 3—layered material conveying is achieved.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the above scheme are as follows: By setting an anti-backfire unit 4 between the feeding unit 3 and the taking-out unit 2, the flames in the furnace are effectively blocked from flowing back along the material transfer channel. Through physical isolation, the backflow flames are controlled after the taking-out unit 2, preventing the silo temperature from becoming too high or igniting. Specifically, the anti-backfire unit 4 includes a shell body 41 and an openable and closable fireproof door mechanism 42. The shell body 41 is set in the channel between the taking-out unit 2 and the feeding unit 3, providing rotational support for the opening and closing of the fireproof door. Compared with the prior art, where the two-stage mechanisms of taking-out and feeding are only connected by a telescopic pipe, the openable and closable fireproof door structure can choose to open or close according to the temperature of the silo detected by the silo temperature sensor. This physical isolation method simply and efficiently blocks the reverse transmission of temperature in the furnace.

[0023] In this embodiment, the top of the shell body 41 is connected to the discharge port of the material handling unit 2 through a pipe, and the bottom is connected to the inlet of the feeding unit 3 through a pipe.

[0024] The fire door mechanism 42 includes a pair of door panels 421 rotatably connected to the shell body 41. The door panels 421 are connected to a drive device 423 through a transmission mechanism 422. The drive device 423 is fixedly connected to the shell body 41. The drive device 423 drives the door panels 421 to open or close through the transmission structure.

[0025] The transmission mechanism 422 includes a rotating shaft 4221 and a drive rocker arm 4222. Along the rotation axis of the door panel 421, one end of the door panel 421 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 4221, and the rotating shaft 4221 is mounted on the shell body 41 by bearings. The drive device 423 is fixed to the outer wall of the shell body 41, and its output end is hinged to one end of the drive rocker arm 4222. The other end of the drive rocker arm 4222 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 4221.

[0026] Specifically, the drive unit 423 is fixed via connecting ears on the outside of the housing body 41. Its output rod is connected to the drive rocker arm 4222. When the output rod extends, the drive rocker arm 4222 rotates, causing the rotating shaft 4221 to rotate, opening the door panel 421 for normal material loading. When the output rod retracts, the drive rocker arm 4222 rotates, causing the rotating shaft 4221 to rotate, closing the door panel 421 and achieving flame isolation. The door panel 421 is rotatably connected to the housing body 41 via the rotating shaft 4221, and the drive unit 423, fixed to the outer mounting base of the housing, precisely controls the opening and closing of the door panel 421 through the hinged transmission between the output rod and the drive rocker arm 4222. This allows the fire door to open smoothly during normal material transport and to close responsively when facing backflow of flames. With its reliable mechanical structure and isolation capabilities, it effectively blocks the spread of fire, significantly improving the operational safety of the entire system and preventing the fire from escalating.

[0027] Specifically, in this embodiment, an inspection window is provided in the lower middle part of the shell body 41, and an inspection door 411 is provided over the inspection window. The inspection window and the inspection door 411 are connected by a connector. By providing an inspection window and configuring an openable and closable inspection door 411 in the lower middle part of the shell body 41, the inspection door 411 is tightly fitted with the window through the connector, ensuring the overall airtightness of the shell body 41 while providing a convenient channel for observing the status of internal equipment, routine maintenance, and troubleshooting.

[0028] In this embodiment, the driving device 423 is preferably a driving cylinder, which operates faster.

[0029] Specifically, in this embodiment, the storage unit 1 includes a furnace front silo 11 and a conveyor 12. The conveyor 12 is located above the feed inlet at the top of the furnace front silo 11 and is used to replenish the furnace front silo 11. The top of the furnace front silo 11 is equipped with a laser level sensor 111 for monitoring the material level, a temperature sensor 112 for monitoring the silo temperature, and a steam extinguishing head 113 for cooling.

[0030] This embodiment achieves continuity and stability in material supply through the coordinated arrangement of the furnace-front silo 11 and the conveyor 12. The placement of the conveyor 12 above the silo inlet ensures smooth and efficient material replenishment. The application of the laser level sensor 111 makes level monitoring more accurate and reliable, and together with the real-time monitoring of the temperature sensor 112, they form a comprehensive operational condition sensing system. The specially equipped steam extinguishing head 113 provides active safety protection, enabling rapid intervention to cool and extinguish fires in case of abnormal temperatures. It should be noted that the system is also equipped with a corresponding industrial control system and an external air supply system. The industrial control system can perform routine analysis and display of monitoring data such as level and temperature, and routine opening and closing control of the steam extinguishing head 113. The external air supply system is connected to the drive cylinder and is uniformly controlled and executed through the aforementioned industrial control system. These are all existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0031] Specifically, in this embodiment, the material handling unit 2 includes a screw conveyor 21 located at the bottom of the furnace front hopper 11, with the bottom of the screw conveyor 21 connected to the upper interface of the shell body 41 via a pipe. Alternatively, other types of conveyors 12 can also be used. The feeding unit 3 includes a screw feeder 31, with the top of the screw feeder 31 connected to the bottom interface of the shell body 41 via a pipe.

[0032] The screw conveyor 21 is located at the bottom of the furnace front hopper 11 and is connected to the upper interface of the shell body 41 via a pipe. It is used for stable material extraction from the storage unit 1 to the processing unit. The screw feeder 31 is connected to the bottom interface of the shell body 41 via a pipe and is used to directly output materials into the furnace. In this embodiment, the feeding end of the screw feeder 31 is equipped with a water-cooled jacket 5, and the feeding port is located at the water-cooled wall 6 of the furnace. The addition of the water-cooled jacket 5 at the feeding end of the screw feeder 31 and the integration of the feeding port into the water-cooled wall 6 of the furnace form a dual cooling protection mechanism. The water-cooled jacket 5 can effectively reduce the operating temperature of the feeder under high-temperature conditions, preventing the material from burning or coking prematurely due to heat. The close integration with the water-cooled wall 6 of the furnace further enhances the heat exchange efficiency and avoids structural damage caused by excessive temperature. At the same time, the water-cooled jacket 5 can compress the material to form a plug, which will prevent the flame from entering the feeding system when the furnace is under positive pressure.

[0033] Preferably, a furnace-front maintenance fire door 7 can be added between the screw feeder 31 and the water-cooled jacket 5. When the equipment requires maintenance or encounters an emergency, the well-sealed maintenance fire door 7 can cut off the feeding channel, effectively preventing the furnace flame or high-temperature gas from propagating backward through the feeder, and providing a safe maintenance environment for the high-temperature area near the furnace. Together with the main fire door mechanism 42 inside the shell body 41, it forms a tiered protection system and works in conjunction with steam extinguishing, intelligent monitoring, and other systems to construct a multi-layered safety assurance system, significantly improving the system's emergency response capability, operational safety, and equipment maintainability under high-temperature and high-pressure conditions.

[0034] The working principle of the above-mentioned biomass boiler feeding device is as follows: When the system starts up, the conveyor 12 continuously feeds the material into the furnace hopper 11 of the storage unit 1. The laser level sensor 111 and the temperature sensor 112 monitor the status of the hopper in real time to ensure the safety of material storage. When it is necessary to feed material into the furnace, the screw feeder 21 starts to operate, taking out the biomass material at the bottom of the hopper and conveying it to the upper interface of the shell body 41 of the anti-backfire unit 4. At this time, the fireproof door mechanism 42 is kept open under the action of the drive cylinder, and the material falls into the screw feeder 31 below through the internal channel of the shell body 41. The screw feeder 31 then starts, and through the feeding port at the water-cooled jacket 5 at its feeding end and the water-cooled wall 6 of the furnace, it stably feeds the material into the furnace for combustion. When combustion inside the furnace goes out of control or even a fire occurs, the flames inside the furnace flow back along the feeding channel. At this time, the temperature of the hopper rises. When the temperature sensor in the hopper detects that the temperature exceeds the set threshold, the industrial control system sends a command to the drive device 423. The drive device 423 drives the rotating shaft 4221 to rotate through the drive rocker arm 4222, which in turn drives the door panel 421 to rotate until the fire door is completely closed, forming a physical barrier and effectively preventing the furnace flames from flowing back along the material channel.

[0035] In addition, the lower middle inspection window provides a convenient passage for equipment maintenance.

[0036] The entire workflow is centrally controlled by the industrial control system, which ensures continuous and stable material delivery while providing multiple protections against backfire risk. Among them, the backfire prevention unit 4 precisely controls the opening and closing timing of the fire door, which not only ensures normal material flow but also quickly cuts off the flame propagation path, ensuring the safe and reliable operation of the entire feeding system.

[0037] It should be noted that all directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in this embodiment are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of each component in a specific posture (as shown in the attached figure). If the specific posture changes, the directional indicator will also change accordingly.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the use of terms such as "first" and "second" is for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. In the description of this embodiment, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0039] In this embodiment, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection," "fixed," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "fixed" can mean a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can mean a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can mean a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can mean the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this embodiment according to the specific circumstances.

[0040] It should be understood that the above description of the specific embodiments of this utility model is only for illustrating the technical route and features of this utility model, and its purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it accordingly. However, this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. All changes or modifications made within the scope of the claims of this utility model should be covered by the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A biomass boiler feeding device, characterized in that, It includes a storage unit (1), a material handling unit (2), a feeding unit (3), and a tempering prevention unit (4); The material taking unit (2) is located at the bottom of the material storage unit (1) and is connected to the feeding unit (3) through the anti-backfire unit (4). The discharge port of the feeding unit (3) is located on the side wall of the furnace. The backfire prevention unit (4) includes a shell body (41) and an openable and closable fireproof door mechanism (42) provided on the shell body (41). When the fireproof door mechanism (42) is in the open state, the feeding device feeds material normally and continuously. When the fireproof door mechanism (42) is in the closed state, it is used to isolate the backflow of flames in the furnace.

2. The biomass boiler feeding device as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the shell body (41) is connected to the outlet of the material taking unit (2) through a pipe, and the bottom is connected to the inlet of the feeding unit (3) through a pipe. The openable and closable fireproof door mechanism (42) includes a pair of door panels (421) rotatably connected to the shell body (41). The door panels (421) are connected to a drive device (423) through a transmission mechanism (422). The drive device (423) is fixedly connected to the shell body (41). The drive device (423) drives the door panels (421) to open or close through the transmission structure.

3. The biomass boiler feeding device as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The transmission mechanism (422) includes a rotating shaft (4221) and a driving rocker arm (4222). Along the rotation axis (4221) of the door panel (421), one end of the door panel (421) is fixed with the rotation axis (4221), and the rotation axis (4221) is mounted on the shell body (41) by bearings. The drive device (423) is fixed to the outer wall of the shell body (41), and its output end is hinged to one end of the drive rocker arm (4222). The other end of the drive rocker arm (4222) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (4221).

4. The biomass boiler feeding device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The lower middle part of the shell body (41) is provided with an inspection window, and an inspection door (411) is provided at the inspection window. The inspection window and the inspection door (411) are connected by a connector.

5. The biomass boiler feeding device as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The drive device (423) is a cylinder.

6. The biomass boiler feeding device as described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The storage unit (1) includes a furnace front silo (11) and a conveyor (12); The conveyor (12) is located above the inlet at the top of the furnace front silo (11) and is used to replenish the furnace front silo (11); The top of the furnace front silo (11) is equipped with a laser level sensor (111) for monitoring the material level, a temperature sensor (112) for monitoring the silo temperature, and a steam extinguishing head (113) for cooling.

7. The biomass boiler feeding device as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The material handling unit (2) includes a screw feeder (21) located at the bottom of the furnace front silo (11), and the bottom of the screw feeder (21) is connected to the upper interface of the shell body (41) through a pipe. The feeding unit (3) includes a screw feeder (31), the top of which is connected to the bottom interface of the shell body (41) via a pipe.

8. The biomass boiler feeding device as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The screw feeder (31) is equipped with a water-cooled jacket (5) at the feeding end, and the feeding port is located at the water-cooled wall (6) of the furnace.

Images