Rotary kiln reactor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rotary kiln type reactor, including heat exchange pipe course, heat exchange shell course and sealed gas collecting cover, heat exchange pipe course includes heat exchange pipe body and fixed end, heat exchange shell course is driven to be connected with drive assembly and has the installation end of heat exchange pipe body to stretch into the inner chamber of heat exchange shell course, and the installation end rotatably seals the installation, and the sealing gas collecting cover is connected with fixed end and covers and is located the outside of heat exchange shell course, and the sealing gas collecting cover can collect the overheated fluid that escapes from the inner chamber of heat exchange shell course, and the sealing gas collecting cover is equipped with the discharge port, and one of heat exchange shell course and heat exchange pipe body is arranged as the solid-state hydrogen storage medium that can store, and the solid-state hydrogen storage medium can be set up with another heat exchange, to make the solid-state hydrogen storage medium can be heated evenly, reach the purpose of improving the hydrogen release rate, and the sealing gas collecting cover can realize the cover sealing of heat exchange shell course and collect the overheated fluid that escapes from the installation end, so that the overheated fluid is discharged after cooling, avoids the phenomenon of hurting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of hydrogen storage technology, and in particular relates to a rotary kiln reactor. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen energy, as a clean and efficient energy source, holds significant strategic importance in addressing the global energy crisis and environmental pollution. Developing efficient and safe hydrogen storage technologies is crucial for cost reduction and large-scale application. Hydrogen storage is generally categorized into gaseous, liquid, and solid-state storage, with solid-state storage being the most actively researched technology due to its safety and efficiency advantages.

[0003] To facilitate hydrogen release, existing hydrogen storage devices, in addition to solid hydrogen storage materials, also include heating media for releasing heat, such as heating elements or heating films. However, due to the limited availability of heating media, solid hydrogen storage materials are prone to uneven heating, affecting the hydrogen release reaction rate. Furthermore, if the hydrogen storage device has a leakage risk, it could lead to injuries caused by hydrogen leaks. Utility Model Content

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned defects or deficiencies, this utility model provides a rotary kiln reactor, which aims to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a rotary kiln reactor, wherein the rotary kiln reactor includes a heat exchange tube side, a heat exchange shell side, and a sealed gas collection hood; the heat exchange tube side includes a heat exchange tube body and a fixed end located at one end of the heat exchange tube body; the heat exchange shell side is drivenly connected to a drive assembly and has an installation end for the heat exchange tube body to extend into the inner cavity of the heat exchange shell side, and the installation end is rotatably and sealed; the sealed gas collection hood is connected to the fixed end and covers the outside of the heat exchange shell side, the sealed gas collection hood can collect superheated fluid escaping from the inner cavity of the heat exchange shell side, and the sealed gas collection hood is provided with a discharge port; one of the heat exchange shell side and the heat exchange tube body is configured to store a solid hydrogen storage medium, and the solid hydrogen storage medium can exchange heat with the other of the heat exchange shell side and the heat exchange tube body.

[0006] In one embodiment of this utility model, one of the heat exchange shell and the heat exchange tube is configured to store a solid hydrogen storage medium, and the other is configured to store a chemical heat storage medium capable of gas reverse combination reaction. The heat exchange shell is provided with a gas passage tube extending out of the sealed gas collection hood, and one end of the heat exchange tube is provided at the fixed end to form an inlet and outlet passage.

[0007] In one embodiment of this utility model, the solid hydrogen storage medium is stored in the heat exchange tube body, and the chemical heat storage medium is stored in the heat exchange shell side. The number of heat exchange tube bodies is at least two. The at least two heat exchange tube bodies are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the heat exchange shell side, and each of them has an inlet and outlet port at one end of the fixed end. A collection cavity is formed on the fixed end. The inlet and outlet ports of the at least two heat exchange tube bodies are connected to the collection cavity. The fixed end is also provided with an inlet and outlet tube body that communicates with the collection cavity.

[0008] In one embodiment of this utility model, at least two heat exchange tubes are single straight tubes. The first end of each single straight tube is provided with an inlet and outlet, and the second end placed in the heat exchange shell is closed.

[0009] In one embodiment of this utility model, the heat exchange tube body includes a first straight tube body and a second straight tube body arranged in parallel at a fixed end, and a bent tube body connecting the first straight tube body and the second straight tube body at an end away from the fixed end. The ends of the first straight tube body and the second straight tube body away from the bent tube body are both formed with inlet and outlet ports. The collection cavity is divided by a partition plate to form a first storage cavity and a second storage cavity. The inlet and outlet ports of the first straight tube body are connected to the first storage cavity, and the inlet and outlet ports of the second straight tube body are connected to the second storage cavity. There are two inlet and outlet tube bodies, and the two inlet and outlet tube bodies are respectively connected to the first storage cavity and the second storage cavity.

[0010] In one embodiment of this utility model, the solid hydrogen storage medium is a metal hydride that can reversibly absorb and release hydrogen, and the chemical heat storage medium is a metal hydroxide that can reversibly dehydrate and hydrate.

[0011] In one embodiment of this utility model, the solid hydrogen storage medium is a magnesium-based hydrogen storage material, and the chemical thermal storage medium is magnesium hydroxide that can be reversibly dehydrated and hydrated.

[0012] In one embodiment of this utility model, the heat exchange shell is configured to store a solid hydrogen storage medium, and the heat exchange tube is configured to allow the flow of the heat transfer medium. The heat exchange shell is provided with a gas passage tube extending out of the sealed gas collection hood. The heat exchange tube includes a first straight tube and a second straight tube arranged in parallel at a fixed end, and a bent tube connecting the first straight tube and the second straight tube at an end away from the fixed end. The ends of the first straight tube and the second straight tube away from the bent tube are each provided with inlet and outlet ports for the heat transfer medium to enter and exit.

[0013] In one embodiment of this utility model, there are two rotary kiln reactors. The heat exchange shell of one rotary kiln reactor is configured to store a solid hydrogen storage medium, and the heat exchange shell of the other rotary kiln reactor is configured to store a chemical heat storage medium. Both rotary kiln reactors are provided with gas passage pipes on their heat exchange shells. The first straight pipes of the two rotary kiln reactors are connected, and the second straight pipes of the two rotary kiln reactors are connected.

[0014] In one embodiment of this utility model, the number of heat exchange tubes is at least two, and the at least two heat exchange tubes are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the heat exchange shell. A collection cavity is formed at the fixed end, and the collection cavity is divided by a partition plate to form a first storage cavity and a second storage cavity. The inlet and outlet ports of the first straight tubes of the at least two heat exchange tubes are arranged to communicate with the first storage cavity, and the inlet and outlet ports of the second straight tubes of the at least two heat exchange tubes are arranged to communicate with the second storage cavity. Two inlet and outlet tubes are also provided at the fixed end, and the two inlet and outlet tubes are respectively arranged to correspond one-to-one with the first storage cavity and the second storage cavity.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, the rotary kiln reactor further includes a fixed sleeve, the first end of which is connected to a sealing gas collection hood or a heat exchange tube side, and the second end which allows the installation end of the heat exchange shell side to extend into, and a first dynamic seal is provided between the second end of the fixed sleeve and the installation end.

[0016] In one embodiment of this utility model, the sealed gas collection hood includes a docking portion and a gas collection body portion arranged sequentially along the length direction of the heat exchange tube body. The axis of the docking portion and the gas collection body portion are collinear, and the inner diameter of the gas collection body portion is larger than the inner diameter of the docking portion. The end of the docking portion away from the gas collection body portion is docked with a fixed end. The gas collection body portion is provided with a discharge port. Both ends of the fixed sleeve are open, and the first end of the fixed sleeve is connected to the end of the gas collection body portion near the docking portion.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, the fixed sleeve includes a fixed end plate disposed on the heat exchange tube body, and an installation cylinder connected to the fixed end plate and sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange tube body. The end of the installation cylinder away from the fixed end plate is allowed to be inserted by the installation end of the heat exchange shell side, and a first dynamic seal is provided between the installation cylinder and the installation end.

[0018] In one embodiment of this utility model, the fixed end and / or the sealing gas collection hood are fixedly installed.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present invention, the drive assembly includes a drive member and a transmission bevel gear module. The drive member is located outside the sealed gas collection hood and the drive shaft extends into the sealed gas collection hood. The extension direction of the drive shaft is perpendicular to the length direction of the heat exchange shell. The transmission bevel gear module is located on the heat exchange shell and is drivenly connected to the drive shaft. The drive shaft and the sealed gas collection hood are sealed by a magnetic fluid seal.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange tube side further includes a tube bundle support plate placed in the heat exchange shell side. The tube bundle support plate can accommodate at least two heat exchange tubes. The number of tube bundle support plates is at least two, and the at least two tube bundle support plates are arranged sequentially at intervals along the length direction of the heat exchange shell side.

[0021] In one embodiment of this utility model, an inclined stirring plate is provided on the inner wall of the heat exchange shell side. Multiple stirring plates are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the heat exchange shell side to form a ring of stirring plates. The number of rings of the stirring plate group is multiple, and the multiple rings of stirring plates are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the heat exchange shell side.

[0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, the heat exchange shell includes a shell body and a fixed end cover. The shell body has openings at both ends, with the first end being the mounting end. The fixed end cover is located at the second end of the shell body, and a second dynamic seal is provided between the fixed end cover and the shell body. The gas passage pipe on the heat exchange shell is located on the fixed end cover.

[0023] Through the above technical solution, the rotary kiln reactor provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects: When using the aforementioned rotary kiln reactor, the heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange tube side extend into the inner cavity of the heat exchange shell side from the mounting end. The heat exchange shell side is driven and connected to the drive assembly, and the mounting end is rotatably and sealed. When either the heat exchange shell side or the heat exchange tube side is used to store solid hydrogen storage medium, the solid hydrogen storage medium can exchange heat with the other heat exchange shell side or the heat exchange tube side. During the heat exchange process, the heat exchange shell side rotates, allowing the solid hydrogen storage medium to be heated uniformly, thereby increasing the hydrogen release rate. Furthermore, the addition of a sealed gas collection hood on the heat exchange tube side can seal the heat exchange shell side. If there is a leak in the sealed installation at the mounting end, the sealed gas collection hood can collect the superheated fluid escaping from the mounting end of the heat exchange shell side cavity. This allows the superheated fluid to be cooled within the sealed gas collection hood before being discharged, thus preventing injury.

[0024] Other features and advantages of this invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description section. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the embodiments of the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the following detailed description to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without any inventive effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of one structure of the rotary kiln reactor according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is another structural schematic diagram of the rotary kiln reactor according to the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of one structure of the rotary kiln reactor according to the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is another structural schematic diagram of the rotary kiln reactor according to the second embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the heat exchange tube body according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a partial structural schematic diagram of the heat exchange shell side and heat exchange tube side according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 100. Heat exchanger tube side; 110. Heat exchanger tube body; 111. Inlet / outlet ports; 112. First straight tube body; 113. Second straight tube body; 114. Bent tube body; 120. Fixed end; 121. Inlet / outlet tube body; 130. Accumulation chamber; 131. Divider plate; 132. First storage chamber; 133. Second storage chamber; 140. Tube bundle support plate; 200. Heat exchanger shell side; 201. Gas passage tube body; 210. Shell side body; 211. Stirring plate; 220. Solid... 221. Fixed end cap; 300. Second dynamic seal; 301. Sealing gas collection hood; 302. Discharge port; 303. Shell-side feed pipe; 310. Shell-side discharge pipe; 311. Connecting part; 311. Static seal; 320. Gas collection body; 400. Fixed sleeve; 401. First dynamic seal; 410. Fixed end plate; 420. Mounting cylinder; 500. Drive assembly; 510. Drive component; 520. Transmission bevel gear module; 530. Magnetohydrodynamic seal. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0028] The rotary kiln reactor of this utility model is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, this utility model provides a rotary kiln reactor, wherein the rotary kiln reactor includes: The heat exchange tube 100 includes a heat exchange tube body 110 and a fixed end 120 disposed at one end of the heat exchange tube body 110. The heat exchange shell 200 is driven to be connected to the drive assembly 500 and has a mounting end for the heat exchange tube 110 to extend into the inner cavity of the heat exchange shell 200, the mounting end being rotatably and sealingly installed. A sealing gas collection hood 300 is connected to the fixed end 120 and covers the outside of the heat exchange shell 200. The sealing gas collection hood 300 can collect the superheated fluid escaping from the inner cavity of the heat exchange shell 200, and the sealing gas collection hood 300 is provided with a discharge port 301. One of the heat exchange shell 200 and the heat exchange tube 110 is configured to store a solid hydrogen storage medium, and the solid hydrogen storage medium can exchange heat with the other of the heat exchange shell 200 and the heat exchange tube 110.

[0030] When using the rotary kiln reactor described above, the heat exchange tube body 110 of the heat exchange tube side 100 extends into the inner cavity of the heat exchange shell side 200 from the mounting end of the heat exchange shell side 200. The heat exchange shell side 200 is driven and connected to the drive assembly 500, and the mounting end is rotatably and sealed. When one of the heat exchange shell side 200 and the heat exchange tube body 110 is used to store a solid hydrogen storage medium, the solid hydrogen storage medium can exchange heat with the other of the heat exchange shell side 200 and the heat exchange tube body 110. During the heat exchange process, the heat exchange shell side 200 rotates, so that the solid hydrogen storage medium can be heated evenly, thereby increasing the hydrogen release rate. In addition, the addition of the sealing gas collection hood 300 on the heat exchange tube side 100 can achieve the sealing of the heat exchange shell side 200. When there is a leak in the sealing installation at the installation end, the sealing gas collection hood 300 can collect the superheated fluid that escapes from the installation end from the inner cavity of the heat exchange shell side 200, so that the superheated fluid can be cooled in the sealing gas collection hood 300 before being discharged, thereby achieving the purpose of avoiding injury.

[0031] It should be noted that the entire heat exchange shell side 200 in this utility model is located in the sealed gas collection hood 300, and the mounting end of the heat exchange shell side 200 can be rotatably and sealedly installed. It can be installed on the heat exchange tube side 100 or on the sealed gas collection hood 300, and no relevant limitation is made here. Meanwhile, the solid hydrogen storage medium can be stored either in the heat exchange shell 200 or in the heat exchange tube 110. When the solid hydrogen storage medium is stored in the heat exchange shell 200, the superheated fluid leaking from the heat exchange shell 200 into the sealed gas collection hood 300 is hydrogen. In this case, the heat exchange tube 110 can be equipped with an electrically heated heating element, a heating film, or a heating fluid. The heating fluid can be a heated gas or a heated liquid, and the heating fluid can also be introduced from the outside. When the solid hydrogen storage medium is stored in the heat exchange tube 110, there is no leakage of released hydrogen. The superheated fluid leaking from the heat exchange shell 200 into the sealed gas collection hood 300 can be released by the medium that exchanges heat with the solid hydrogen storage medium. This medium can be the introduced heating fluid or a chemical heat storage medium that can undergo gas reverse reaction.

[0032] Specifically, when the superheated fluid leaking in the heat exchange shell 200 is gas, the discharge port 301 on the sealing gas collection hood 300 can be located at the top; when the superheated fluid leaking in the heat exchange shell 200 is superheated liquid, the discharge port 301 on the sealing gas collection hood 300 can be located at the bottom, and the discharge port 301 is designed to be openable and closable, and can be opened and closed as needed.

[0033] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the first embodiment of this utility model, one of the heat exchange shell 200 and the heat exchange tube 110 is configured to store a solid hydrogen storage medium, and the other is configured to store a chemical thermal storage medium capable of gas reverse reaction. The heat exchange shell 200 is provided with a gas passage tube 201 extending from the sealed gas collection hood 300, and one end of the heat exchange tube 110, located at the fixed end 120, forms an inlet / outlet port 111. By using a chemical thermal storage medium for heat exchange with the solid hydrogen storage medium, the large amount of heat released by the solid hydrogen storage medium during the hydrogen storage reaction is not wasted; it can be stored using chemical thermal storage technology and released during the hydrogen release reaction. Compared to using an electrically heated heat exchange medium or simply introducing a heating fluid, this significantly reduces energy consumption.

[0034] Furthermore, when a solid hydrogen storage medium is stored in the heat exchange shell 200 and a chemical heat storage medium is stored in the heat exchange tube 110, when hydrogen release is required, superheated gas that can be synthesized with the chemical heat storage medium can be introduced into the inlet / outlet 111 of the heat exchange tube 110 to cause a synthesis reaction and release heat. After absorbing heat, the solid hydrogen storage medium in the heat exchange shell 200 undergoes a hydrogen release reaction and releases hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas can be discharged from the gas outlet 201, and the leaked part can be collected by the sealed gas collection hood 300. When hydrogen storage is required, superheated hydrogen gas can enter the heat exchange shell 200 from the gas outlet 201 and react with the solid hydrogen storage medium to release heat. The leaked hydrogen gas can be collected by the sealed gas collection hood 300. After absorbing heat, the chemical heat storage medium in the heat exchange tube 110 undergoes a decomposition reaction and releases gas, which can be discharged from the inlet / outlet 111.

[0035] Simultaneously, when a chemical heat storage medium is stored in the heat exchange shell 200 and a solid hydrogen storage medium is stored in the heat exchange tube 110, when hydrogen release is required, superheated gas that synthesizes with the chemical heat storage medium can be introduced into the gas outlet tube 201 to cause a synthesis reaction and release heat. The leaked gas can be collected by the sealed gas collection hood 300. After absorbing heat, the solid hydrogen storage medium in the heat exchange tube 110 undergoes a hydrogen release reaction and releases hydrogen gas, which can be discharged from the inlet / outlet 111 of the heat exchange tube 110. When hydrogen storage is required, superheated hydrogen gas can enter the heat exchange tube 110 from the inlet / outlet 111 of the heat exchange tube 110 and react with the solid hydrogen storage medium to release heat. After absorbing heat, the chemical heat storage medium in the heat exchange shell 200 undergoes a decomposition reaction and releases gas, which can be discharged from the gas outlet tube 201, while the leaked gas can be collected by the sealed gas collection hood 300.

[0036] Therefore, hydrogen release and storage can be achieved through a single rotary kiln reactor, i.e., the rotary kiln reactor provided in the first embodiment is an integrated reactor.

[0037] In the first embodiment of this invention, the solid hydrogen storage medium is stored inside the heat exchange tube 110, and the chemical thermal storage medium is stored inside the heat exchange shell 200. That is, the chemical thermal storage medium is located outside the solid hydrogen storage medium to allow for the loading of a larger volume of chemical thermal storage medium. Specifically, to ensure the hydrogen release rate, the volume of the chemical thermal storage medium loaded in the heat exchange shell 200 can be set to be more than 1.5 times the volume of the solid hydrogen storage medium loaded in the heat exchange tube 110, preferably 1.5 to 2 times the volume of the solid hydrogen storage medium loaded in the heat exchange shell 200. Furthermore, the chemical thermal storage medium in the heat exchange shell 200 can be in an unpacked state, allowing for agitation of the chemical thermal storage medium within the heat exchange shell 200 when the heat exchange shell 200 is rotatable, thus preventing sintering due to localized overheating during the exothermic reaction. Furthermore, there are at least two heat exchange tubes 110, which are arranged in parallel and spaced apart within the heat exchange shell 200, with each end of the tube 110 having an inlet / outlet port 111. By increasing the number of heat exchange tubes 110, the heat exchange area between the solid hydrogen storage medium and the chemical heat storage medium can be increased, thereby further improving the hydrogen release rate and heat storage rate. In addition, a collection cavity 130 is formed on the fixed end 120, and the inlet / outlet ports 111 of the at least two heat exchange tubes 110 are connected to the collection cavity 130. The fixed end 120 is also provided with inlet / outlet tubes 121 that communicate with the collection cavity 130. The addition of the collection cavity 130 allows for the collection of hydrogen released from the at least two heat exchange tubes 110, thus controlling the flow rate. Furthermore, a flow control valve can be provided on the inlet / outlet tubes 121 to further precisely control the rate of hydrogen introduction or release.

[0038] Please see again Figure 1 and Figure 2 In the first embodiment of this utility model, at least two heat exchange tubes 110 are single straight tubes. All single straight tubes have inlet / outlet ports 111 at their first ends on the fixed end 120, and their second ends, located within the heat exchange shell 200, are closed. Designating the heat exchange tubes 110 as single straight tubes facilitates medium filling. Specifically, the second ends of at least two heat exchange tubes 110 can be closed with plugs. When the plugs are removed, medium can be filled from both ends of the heat exchange tubes 110. The inlet / outlet ports 111 at the first ends of at least two heat exchange tubes 110 facilitate the collection and supply of hydrogen.

[0039] Of course, this utility model is not limited to this, such as Figure 5As shown, the heat exchange tube body 110 in the first embodiment may also be configured to include a first straight tube body 112 and a second straight tube body 113 arranged in parallel on the fixed end 120, and a bent tube body 114 connected to the first straight tube body 112 and the second straight tube body 113 at one end away from the fixed end 120. The ends of the first straight tube body 112 and the second straight tube body 113 away from the bent tube body 114 are both formed with inlet and outlet ports 111. The collection cavity 130 may also be configured to be consistent with the structure in the second embodiment, with a first storage cavity 132 and a second storage cavity 133 formed by a partition plate 131. The inlet and outlet ports 111 of the first straight tube body 112 are connected to the first storage cavity 132, and the inlet and outlet ports 111 of the second straight tube body 113 are connected to the second storage cavity 133. There are two inlet and outlet tube bodies 121, and the two inlet and outlet tube bodies 121 are respectively connected to the first storage cavity 132 and the second storage cavity 133. This allows one inlet / outlet pipe 121 to allow hydrogen to enter all heat exchanger tubes 110, and the other inlet / outlet pipe 121 to allow hydrogen to exit all heat exchanger tubes 110. Whether releasing or storing hydrogen, only one inlet / outlet pipe 121 needs to be opened, while the other remains closed, ensuring that the hydrogen flows in one direction. Of course, both inlet / outlet pipes 121 can also be opened simultaneously. Specifically, the partition plate 131 can be centrally located within the collection chamber 130.

[0040] In the first embodiment of this invention, the solid hydrogen storage medium is a metal hydride that can reversibly absorb and release hydrogen, and the chemical thermal storage medium is a metal hydroxide that can reversibly dehydrate and hydrate. It should be specifically noted that the water in the reversible dehydration and hydration refers specifically to water vapor gas. Of course, this invention is not limited to this; the solid hydrogen storage medium can also be other known materials, and the chemical thermal storage medium can also be other suitable materials, such as salt hydrates, carbonates, and ammonia. Salt hydrates can utilize reversible dehydration / hydration reactions, such as sulfate hydrates and chloride hydrates; carbonates can utilize reversible decomposition / synthesis reactions, such as calcium carbonate; and ammonia can utilize reversible decomposition / synthesis reactions.

[0041] Specifically, the solid hydrogen storage medium is set as a magnesium-based hydrogen storage material. The hydrogen release reaction expression of the magnesium-based hydrogen storage material can be: MgH2→Mg + H2 (endothermic reaction), and the hydrogen storage reaction expression can be: Mg + H2 →MgH2 (exothermic reaction). Of course, this utility model is not limited to this. The solid hydrogen storage medium can also be other reversibly hydrogen-absorbing and hydrogen-releasing metal hydrides, such as: titanium-based hydrogen storage alloys, vanadium-based alloys, etc. The chemical heat storage medium is set as magnesium hydroxide that can be reversibly dehydrated and hydrated. On the one hand, this makes the reaction easier to realize and has less impact on the environment. On the other hand, it makes the reaction temperature of the chemical heat storage medium more matched with the reaction temperature of the solid hydrogen storage medium. The exothermic reaction expression of magnesium hydroxide as the chemical heat storage medium is: MgO + H2O(g)→Mg(OH)2, and the endothermic reaction expression is: Mg(OH)2→MgO + H2O(g). That is, when a hydrogen release reaction is required, water vapor, specifically superheated steam at 220℃~250℃, can be added to the chemical heat storage medium to trigger a hydration reaction and release heat, thereby triggering the release of hydrogen from the solid hydrogen storage medium. Of course, this invention is not limited to this; other suitable metal hydroxides, such as calcium hydroxide, can also be used as the chemical heat storage medium.

[0042] Furthermore, the solid hydrogen storage medium can be a powder, tablet, or a columnar structure that matches the heat exchange tube 110, while the chemical thermal storage medium can be a spherical or other aggregated structure. Both the solid hydrogen storage medium and the chemical thermal storage medium can be filled once and recycled. During the entire hydrogen storage and release process, neither the solid hydrogen storage medium nor the chemical thermal storage medium needs to be unloaded or fed. Specifically, a shell-side feed pipe 302 and a shell-side discharge pipe 303 extending out of the sealed gas collection hood 300 can be provided for maintenance or discharge under abnormal operating conditions. Both can be sealed during reactor operation.

[0043] See Figure 3 and Figure 4In the second embodiment of this utility model, the heat exchange shell 200 is configured to store a solid hydrogen storage medium, and the heat exchange tube 110 is configured to allow the flow of a heat transfer medium. The heat transfer medium can be a heat transfer gas or a heat transfer liquid. The heat exchange shell 200 is provided with a gas passage tube 201 extending out of the sealed gas collection hood 300. The heat exchange tube 110 includes a first straight tube 112 and a second straight tube 113 arranged in parallel on the fixed end 120, and a bent tube 114 connecting the first straight tube 112 and the second straight tube 113 at one end away from the fixed end 120. The ends of the first straight tube 112 and the second straight tube 113 away from the bent tube 114 are each provided with an inlet / outlet port 111 for the heat transfer medium to enter and exit. In the second embodiment, the rotary kiln reactor is designed to require the introduction of heat transfer medium from the outside, without the need for pre-storage of the medium. During the operation of the reactor, the heat transfer medium can continuously flow in and out, so as to exchange heat with a larger amount of solid hydrogen storage medium within the heat exchange shell 200, thereby increasing the hydrogen storage capacity.

[0044] Specifically, when hydrogen release is required, a high-temperature heat transfer medium can be continuously introduced into one of the inlet / outlet ports 111 of the heat exchange tube 110, and the heat transfer medium flows out from the other inlet / outlet port 111. The solid hydrogen storage medium absorbs heat and releases hydrogen, and the hydrogen can be discharged from the gas outlet pipe 201, while the leaked portion can be collected by the sealed gas collection hood 300. When hydrogen storage is required, hydrogen can enter the heat exchange shell 200 from the gas outlet pipe 201 and react with the solid hydrogen storage medium to release heat. The leaked hydrogen can be collected by the sealed gas collection hood 300. At the same time, a normal-temperature heat transfer medium can be continuously introduced into one of the inlet / outlet ports 111 of the heat exchange tube 110, and the heat transfer medium flows out from the other inlet / outlet port 111 to perform heat storage.

[0045] In the second embodiment of this invention, two rotary kiln reactors are used. One rotary kiln reactor has its heat exchange shell 200 configured to store a solid hydrogen storage medium, while the other rotary kiln reactor has its heat exchange shell 200 configured to store a chemical thermal storage medium. Both rotary kiln reactors have gas passage pipes 201 on their heat exchange shells 200. Specifically, the gas passage pipe 201 corresponding to the solid hydrogen storage medium allows hydrogen to enter and exit, while the gas passage pipe 201 corresponding to the chemical thermal storage medium allows the corresponding gas to enter and exit. When the chemical thermal storage medium is magnesium hydroxide, the gas passage pipe 201 corresponding to the chemical thermal storage medium allows water vapor to enter and exit. The first straight pipes 112 of the two rotary kiln reactors are connected, and the second straight pipes 113 of the two rotary kiln reactors are connected. Therefore, hydrogen release and storage can be achieved through two rotary kiln reactors. That is, the second embodiment provides a split-type reactor, which reduces energy consumption and increases hydrogen storage capacity.

[0046] Furthermore, in the second embodiment, the solid hydrogen storage medium and the chemical thermal storage medium can be set to be consistent with those in the first embodiment, and the heat exchange tubes 110 of the two rotary kiln reactors can be filled with flowing heat transfer medium. When hydrogen release is required, superheated gas that can be synthesized with the chemical thermal storage medium can be introduced into the gas outlet tube 201 corresponding to the chemical thermal storage medium, so that a synthesis reaction occurs and heat is released. The gas leakage portion can be collected by the corresponding sealed gas collection hood 300. At the same time, the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the heat exchange tube 110 rises and flows towards the rotary kiln reactor storing the solid hydrogen storage medium, so as to transfer the absorbed heat to the solid hydrogen storage medium. After absorbing heat, the solid hydrogen storage medium undergoes a hydrogen release reaction and releases hydrogen gas. The hydrogen gas can be discharged from the corresponding gas outlet tube 201, and the hydrogen leakage portion can be collected by the corresponding sealed gas collection hood 300. When hydrogen storage is required, superheated hydrogen gas can be introduced into the gas passage 201 corresponding to the solid hydrogen storage medium, so that it reacts with the solid hydrogen storage medium and releases heat. The part of the hydrogen gas that leaks out can be collected by the corresponding sealed gas collection hood 300. At the same time, the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the heat exchange tube 110 rises and flows into the rotary kiln reactor storing the chemical heat storage medium, so as to transfer the absorbed heat to the chemical heat storage medium. After absorbing heat, the chemical heat storage medium undergoes a decomposition reaction and releases gas. The gas can be discharged from the corresponding gas passage 201, and the leaked part can be collected by the corresponding sealed gas collection hood 300.

[0047] In the second embodiment of this utility model, the number of heat exchange tubes 110 is at least two, and the at least two heat exchange tubes 110 are arranged in parallel and spaced apart within the heat exchange shell 200. By increasing the number of heat exchange tubes 110, the heat exchange area between the solid hydrogen storage medium and the heat transfer medium, as well as between the chemical heat storage medium and the heat transfer medium, can be increased, which can further improve the hydrogen release rate and heat storage rate. A collection cavity 130 is formed on the fixed end 120, and the collection cavity 130 is separated by a partition plate 13. The reactor is divided into a first storage chamber 132 and a second storage chamber 133. The inlet and outlet ports 111 of the first straight pipe bodies 112 of at least two heat exchange tube bodies 110 are connected to the first storage chamber 132, and the inlet and outlet ports 111 of the second straight pipe bodies 113 of at least two heat exchange tube bodies 110 are connected to the second storage chamber 133. Two inlet and outlet pipe bodies 121 are also provided on the fixed end 120, corresponding one-to-one with the first storage chamber 132 and the second storage chamber 133. By adding the first storage chamber 132 and the second storage chamber 133, each rotary kiln reactor has only one inlet and one outlet for the heat transfer medium, facilitating connection with external equipment. Specifically, when two rotary kiln reactors are used as a split reactor, the inlet and outlet pipe bodies 121 of the two rotary kiln reactors can be connected one-to-one.

[0048] Please see again Figures 1 to 4In one embodiment of this utility model, the rotary kiln reactor further includes a fixed sleeve 400. The first end of the fixed sleeve 400 is connected to the sealing gas collecting hood 300 or the heat exchange tube side 100, and the second end allows the mounting end of the heat exchange shell side 200 to extend into it. A first dynamic seal 401 is provided between the second end of the fixed sleeve 400 and the mounting end. The addition of the fixed sleeve 400 simplifies the structure of the heat exchange shell side 200 and facilitates the rotatable sealing installation of the mounting end of the heat exchange shell side 200. Specifically, the first end of the fixed sleeve 400 can be connected to the sealing gas collecting hood 300 or the heat exchange tube side 100 by welding.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, in one embodiment of this utility model, the sealed gas collecting hood 300 includes a docking portion 310 and a gas collecting body portion 320 arranged sequentially along the length direction of the heat exchange tube body 110. The axis lines of the docking portion 310 and the gas collecting body portion 320 are collinear, and the inner diameter of the gas collecting body portion 320 is larger than the inner diameter of the docking portion 310. The end of the docking portion 310 away from the gas collecting body portion 320 is connected to the fixed end 120. The gas collecting body portion 320 is provided with a discharge port 301. Both ends of the fixed sleeve 400 are open, and the first end of the fixed sleeve 400 is connected to the end of the gas collecting body portion 320 near the docking portion 310. That is, the radial dimension of the docking portion 310 of the sealed gas collecting hood 300 is small to match the size of the heat exchange tube 100, and the radial dimension of the gas collecting body portion 320 is large to form sufficient internal cavity space for cooling of the superheated fluid. Meanwhile, the fixed sleeve 400 is installed on the sealing gas collection hood 300, which has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture. Furthermore, the inner cavities of the docking part 310, the fixed sleeve 400, and the heat exchange shell 200 are connected, which allows the entire length of the heat exchange tube 110 to participate in heat exchange.

[0050] Specifically, the heat exchange tube 100 also includes a first mounting body extending from the periphery of the fixed end 120, and a second mounting body is provided at the end of the mating part 310 of the sealing gas collection hood 300 away from the gas collection body 320. The first mounting body and the second mounting body can be mated and connected, and a static seal 311 is provided between them.

[0051] like Figure 2 and Figure 4As shown, in one embodiment of this utility model, the fixing sleeve 400 includes a fixing end plate 410 disposed on the heat exchange tube body 110, and an mounting cylinder 420 connected to the fixing end plate 410 and sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange tube body 110. The end of the mounting cylinder 420 away from the fixing end plate 410 allows the mounting end of the heat exchange shell 200 to extend into it, and a first dynamic seal 401 is provided between the mounting cylinder 420 and the mounting end. That is, the fixing sleeve 400 is disposed on the heat exchange tube body 110, and especially when the number of heat exchange tube bodies 110 is at least two, it can also connect all the heat exchange tube bodies 110 and provide support.

[0052] In one embodiment of this utility model, the fixed end 120 and / or the sealing gas collection hood 300 are fixedly installed. That is, the heat exchange tube side 100 and the sealing gas collection hood 300 are fixedly installed, and the fixed end 120 and / or the sealing gas collection hood 300 can be fixedly supported by a fixed support frame installed on the ground.

[0053] Please see again Figures 1 to 4 In one embodiment of this utility model, the drive assembly 500 includes a drive member 510 and a transmission bevel gear module 520. The drive member 510 is located on the outside of the sealing gas collection hood 300, and the drive shaft extends into the sealing gas collection hood 300. The extension direction of the drive shaft is perpendicular to the length direction of the heat exchange shell 200. The transmission bevel gear module 520 is located on the heat exchange shell 200 and is drivenly connected to the drive shaft. The drive shaft and the sealing gas collection hood 300 are sealed by a magnetic fluid seal 530. Specifically, the transmission bevel gear module 520 includes a driving bevel gear located on the drive shaft of the drive member 510 and a driven bevel gear located on the heat exchange shell 200. The driving bevel gear and the driven bevel gear mesh and transmit power. Of course, this utility model is not limited to this. The drive member of the drive assembly 500 can also be located on the inside of the sealing gas collection hood 300, and the drive assembly 500 can also be a sprocket and chain drive mechanism.

[0054] like Figure 6As shown, in one embodiment of this utility model, the heat exchange tube side 100 further includes a tube bundle support plate 140 placed within the heat exchange shell side 200. The tube bundle support plate 140 allows at least two heat exchange tubes 110 to pass through it. That is, by adding the tube bundle support plate 140, at least two heat exchange tubes 110 can be connected into an integrated structure to ensure the rigidity of the entire heat exchange tube side 100. Specifically, there are at least two tube bundle support plates 140, which are sequentially spaced along the length of the heat exchange shell side 200. This further enhances the rigidity. It should be noted that there is a gap between the tube bundle support plate 140 and the inner wall of the heat exchange shell side 200, and the tube bundle support plate 140 can also be perforated or have openings in positions avoiding the heat exchange tubes 110 to facilitate the flow of heat or gas. Furthermore, when filling the heat exchange shell side 200 with medium, the volume of medium filled between any two adjacent tube bundle support plates 140 can be approximately the same or identical.

[0055] like Figure 6 As shown, in one embodiment of this utility model, an inclined stirring plate 211 is provided on the inner wall of the heat exchange shell 200. This allows the heat exchange shell 200 to be rotatable, increasing the flow of the medium at the bottom of the heat exchange shell 200. This stirs the medium at the bottom of the heat exchange shell 200 and carries it to the upper middle part, ensuring full contact with the heat exchange tube 110. In particular, when storing chemical heat storage medium in the heat exchange shell 200, the chemical heat storage medium in the heat exchange shell 200 can be further stirred, preventing the chemical heat storage medium from sintering due to local overheating during the exothermic reaction. Meanwhile, multiple agitator plates 211 are arranged sequentially at intervals along the circumference of the heat exchange shell 200 to form a ring of agitator plates, which can improve the agitation effect. The multiple agitator plates 211 in the ring of agitator plates are arranged in the same inclination direction. The number of rings of agitator plates is multiple. The multiple rings of agitator plates are arranged sequentially at intervals along the length of the heat exchange shell 200, so as to be compatible with the arrangement of at least two tube bundle support plates 140. A ring of agitator plates can be provided between any two adjacent tube bundle support plates 140.

[0056] Please see again Figures 1 to 4In one embodiment of this utility model, the heat exchange shell 200 includes a shell body 210 and a fixed end cap 220. The shell body 210 has openings at both ends, with the first end being the mounting end. The fixed end cap 220 is located at the second end of the shell body 210, and a second dynamic seal 221 is provided between the fixed end cap 220 and the shell body 210. An air passage 201 on the heat exchange shell 200 is located on the fixed end cap 220. This allows only the shell body 210 to be driven to rotate, and when the shell body 210 rotates, the fixed end cap 220 with the air passage 201 remains stationary, which is beneficial for external equipment to dock with the air passage 201. Specifically, the fixed end cap 220 may be stationary by being connected to the sealing gas collection hood 300, or it may be stationary by the fixing of the extended air passage 201; no specific limitation is made here.

[0057] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0058] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0060] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rotary kiln reactor, characterized in that, The rotary kiln reactor includes: The heat exchange tube side (100) includes a heat exchange tube body (110) and a fixed end (120) disposed at one end of the heat exchange tube body (110); The heat exchange shell (200) is drivenly connected to the drive assembly (500) and has a mounting end for the heat exchange tube body (110) to extend into the inner cavity of the heat exchange shell (200), the mounting end being rotatably and sealingly mounted. A sealing gas collection hood (300) is connected to the fixed end (120) and covers the outside of the heat exchange shell side (200). The sealing gas collection hood (300) can collect the superheated fluid escaping from the inner cavity of the heat exchange shell side (200), and the sealing gas collection hood (300) is provided with a discharge port (301). One of the heat exchange shell (200) and the heat exchange tube (110) is configured to store a solid hydrogen storage medium, and the solid hydrogen storage medium can exchange heat with the other of the heat exchange shell (200) and the heat exchange tube (110).

2. The rotary kiln reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, One of the heat exchange shell (200) and the heat exchange tube (110) is configured to store a solid hydrogen storage medium, and the other is configured to store a chemical heat storage medium capable of gas reverse reaction. The heat exchange shell (200) is provided with a gas passage tube (201) extending out of the sealed gas collection hood (300), and one end of the heat exchange tube (110) located on the fixed end (120) forms an inlet / outlet passage (111).

3. The rotary kiln reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The solid hydrogen storage medium is stored in the heat exchange tube (110), and the chemical heat storage medium is stored in the heat exchange shell (200). There are at least two heat exchange tubes (110). The at least two heat exchange tubes (110) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart in the heat exchange shell (200), and one end of each tube is provided on the fixed end (120) to form an inlet / outlet port (111). A collection cavity (130) is formed on the fixed end (120). The inlet / outlet ports (111) of the at least two heat exchange tubes (110) are connected to the collection cavity (130). The fixed end (120) is also provided with an inlet / outlet tube (121) that communicates with the collection cavity (130).

4. The rotary kiln reactor according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least two of the heat exchange tubes (110) are single straight tubes. The first end of all the single straight tubes located on the fixed end (120) is formed with the inlet and outlet ports (111), and the second end located in the heat exchange shell (200) is closed. Alternatively, the heat exchange tube body (110) includes a first straight tube body (112) and a second straight tube body (113) arranged in parallel on the fixed end (120), and a bent tube body (114) connecting the first straight tube body (112) and the second straight tube body (113) at one end away from the fixed end (120). The ends of the first straight tube body (112) and the second straight tube body (113) away from the bent tube body (114) both form the inlet / outlet ports (111), and the collection cavity (130) A first storage cavity (132) and a second storage cavity (133) are formed by a partition plate (131). The inlet and outlet ports (111) of the first straight tube (112) are connected to the first storage cavity (132), and the inlet and outlet ports (111) of the second straight tube (113) are connected to the second storage cavity (133). There are two inlet and outlet tubes (121), and the two inlet and outlet tubes (121) are respectively connected to the first storage cavity (132) and the second storage cavity (133).

5. The rotary kiln reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The solid hydrogen storage medium is a metal hydride that can reversibly absorb and release hydrogen, and the chemical thermal storage medium is a metal hydroxide that can reversibly dehydrate and hydrate. Alternatively, the solid hydrogen storage medium may be a magnesium-based hydrogen storage material, and the chemical thermal storage medium may be magnesium hydroxide that can be reversibly dehydrated and hydrated.

6. The rotary kiln reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat exchange shell (200) is configured to store a solid hydrogen storage medium, and the heat exchange tube (110) is configured to allow the flow of the heat transfer medium. The heat exchange shell (200) is provided with an air passage (201) extending out of the sealed gas collection hood (300). The heat exchange tube (110) includes a first straight tube (112) and a second straight tube (113) arranged in parallel on the fixed end (120), and a bent tube (114) connecting the first straight tube (112) and the second straight tube (113) at one end away from the fixed end (120). The ends of the first straight tube (112) and the second straight tube (113) away from the bent tube (114) are each provided with an inlet / outlet port (111) for the heat transfer medium to enter and exit.

7. The rotary kiln reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that, The rotary kiln reactors are of two types. The heat exchange shell (200) of one rotary kiln reactor is configured to store solid hydrogen storage medium, and the heat exchange shell (200) of the other rotary kiln reactor is configured to store chemical heat storage medium. Both rotary kiln reactors are provided with gas passage pipes (201) on their heat exchange shells (200). The first straight pipes (112) of the two rotary kiln reactors are connected, and the second straight pipes (113) of the two rotary kiln reactors are connected. And / or, the number of heat exchange tubes (110) is at least two, and at least two heat exchange tubes (110) are arranged in parallel and spaced apart within the heat exchange shell side (200). A collection cavity (130) is formed on the fixed end (120), and the collection cavity (130) is divided by a partition plate (131) to form a first storage cavity (132) and a second storage cavity (133). The first straight tube (112) of the at least two heat exchange tubes (110) The inlet and outlet ports (111) of the heat exchange tubes (110) are connected to the first storage cavity (132), and the inlet and outlet ports (111) of the second straight tubes (113) of at least two heat exchange tubes (110) are connected to the second storage cavity (133). The fixed end (120) is also provided with two inlet and outlet tubes (121), and the two inlet and outlet tubes (121) are respectively connected to the first storage cavity (132) and the second storage cavity (133).

8. The rotary kiln reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The rotary kiln reactor further includes a fixed sleeve (400), the first end of which is connected to the sealing gas collection hood (300) or the heat exchange tube side (100), and the second end is into which the mounting end of the heat exchange shell side (200) can extend, and a first dynamic seal (401) is provided between the second end of the fixed sleeve (400) and the mounting end.

9. The rotary kiln reactor according to claim 8, characterized in that, The sealed gas collection hood (300) includes a docking part (310) and a gas collection body part (320) arranged sequentially along the length direction of the heat exchange tube body (110). The axis lines of the docking part (310) and the gas collection body part (320) are collinear, and the inner diameter of the gas collection body part (320) is larger than the inner diameter of the docking part (310). The end of the docking part (310) away from the gas collection body part (320) is docked with the fixed end (120). The gas collection body part (320) is provided with the discharge port (301). Both ends of the fixed sleeve (400) are open, and the first end of the fixed sleeve (400) is connected to the end of the gas collection body part (320) near the docking part (310). Alternatively, the fixed sleeve (400) includes a fixed end plate (410) disposed on the heat exchange tube body (110) and an installation cylinder (420) connected to the fixed end plate (410) and sleeved on the outside of the heat exchange tube body (110). The end of the installation cylinder (420) away from the fixed end plate (410) is accessible for the installation end of the heat exchange shell side (200) to extend into, and the first dynamic sealing element (401) is provided between the installation cylinder (420) and the installation end.

10. The rotary kiln reactor according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The fixed end (120) and / or the sealing gas collection hood (300) are fixedly installed; And / or, the drive assembly (500) includes a drive member (510) and a transmission bevel gear module (520). The drive member (510) is located on the outside of the sealing gas collection hood (300) and the drive shaft extends into the sealing gas collection hood (300). The extension direction of the drive shaft is perpendicular to the length direction of the heat exchange shell side (200). The transmission bevel gear module (520) is located on the heat exchange shell side (200) and is drivenly connected to the drive shaft. The drive shaft and the sealing gas collection hood (300) are sealed by a magnetic fluid seal (530). And / or, the heat exchange tube side (100) further includes a tube bundle support plate (140) placed in the heat exchange shell side (200), the tube bundle support plate (140) can be for at least two heat exchange tubes (110) to pass through, the number of tube bundle support plates (140) is at least two, and the at least two tube bundle support plates (140) are arranged sequentially at intervals along the length direction of the heat exchange shell side (200); And / or, the inner wall of the heat exchange shell (200) is provided with inclined stirring plates (211), and a plurality of stirring plates (211) are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the heat exchange shell (200) to form a ring of stirring plates (211). The number of rings of the stirring plates (211) group is multiple, and the multiple rings of the stirring plates (211) group are arranged at intervals along the length direction of the heat exchange shell (200). And / or, the heat exchange shell (200) includes a shell body (210) and a fixed end cap (220), the shell body (210) is open at both ends and the first end is the mounting end, the fixed end cap (220) is located at the second end of the shell body (210), and a second dynamic seal (221) is provided between the fixed end cap (220) and the shell body (210), and the air passage (201) on the heat exchange shell (200) is located on the fixed end cap (220).

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