A lightweight high-strength nanocomposite body armor

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of lightweight high-strength nanometer composite bulletproof vest, it is related to individual protection equipment technical field, including front jacket and side jacket, rear jacket is connected to the rear of front jacket, side jacket is connected in the both sides of rear jacket, the inside of front jacket and rear jacket is equipped with accommodating cavity, bulletproof component includes nanometer silicon dioxide reinforced UHMWPE protective layer, nanometer montmorillonite modified aramid buffer layer, graphene-carbon fiber composite bearing layer and polyurethane elastic comfort layer from bullet impact surface to adhere to surface in sequence, the edge of bulletproof component is sewn with protective cover edge strip.The lightweight high-strength nanometer composite bulletproof vest, the overall area density of bulletproof component is controlled at 16-17kg / m 2 32%-36% lighter than traditional pure aramid bulletproof vest, 15%-20% lighter than pure UHMWPE bulletproof vest, while meeting NIJIIIA level protection requirements, can resist 9mm parabellum bullet (initial velocity 390m / s),.44 magnum bullet (initial velocity 430m / s) continuous impact, protection efficiency is increased by more than 30%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of individual soldier protective equipment technology, specifically a lightweight and high-strength nanocomposite bulletproof vest. Background Technology

[0002] Bulletproof vests, also known as body armor, are used to protect the human body from bullets or shrapnel. They mainly consist of two parts: the outer cover and the ballistic layer. The ballistic layer absorbs the kinetic energy of the bullet or shrapnel, providing significant protection against low-velocity bullets or shrapnel, and can reduce damage to the chest and abdomen when the indentation is controlled.

[0003] Traditional bulletproof vests mainly use a laminated structure of pure aramid or ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) fiber fabrics. The areal density of pure aramid bulletproof vests is typically ≥25 kg / m³. 2 While flexible, it is relatively heavy, and prolonged wear can lead to physical exhaustion. Pure UHMWPE bulletproof vests, on the other hand, are lighter (area density approximately 20 kg / m³). 2 However, the fiber interface bonding is weak, and interlayer delamination is prone to occur when impacted, and the temperature resistance is poor.

[0004] Therefore, in view of this, we studied and improved the existing structure and its shortcomings, and proposed a lightweight and high-strength nanocomposite bulletproof vest. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a lightweight and high-strength nanocomposite bulletproof vest to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a lightweight and high-strength nanocomposite bulletproof vest, comprising a front vest and side vests, wherein a rear vest is connected to the back of the front vest, and a collar is provided between the tops of the front vest and the rear vest; the side vests are connected to both sides of the rear vest; both the front vest and the rear vest have receiving cavities on their inner sides, and bulletproof components are provided inside the receiving cavities; the bulletproof components, from the impact surface to the contact surface, sequentially include a nano-silica reinforced UHMWPE protective layer, a nano-montmorillonite modified aramid buffer layer, a graphene-carbon fiber composite load-bearing layer, and a polyurethane elastic comfort layer, and water-based nano-adhesives are provided between each layer; and protective edging strips are sewn around the edges of the bulletproof components.

[0007] Furthermore, one side of the side cover has a Velcro loop, and both sides of the front cover have Velcro hooks.

[0008] Furthermore, the side cover, the hook and loop fastener, and the hook and loop fastener are each provided in twos, and the side cover is connected to the hook and loop fastener by the hook and loop fastener.

[0009] Furthermore, the nano-silica-reinforced UHMWPE protective layer, the nano-montmorillonite-modified aramid buffer layer, the graphene-carbon fiber composite load-bearing layer, and the polyurethane elastic comfort layer are hot-pressed together using a water-based nano-adhesive, and the thickness of the bulletproof component is 12-15mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the nano-silica-reinforced UHMWPE protective layer is composed of 8-10 layers of nano-silica / UHMWPE composite fiber fabric. The nano-silica particles in the composite fibers have a particle size of 30-50 nm and are added at 3-5% of the fiber mass. The fabric surface density is 180-200 g / m³. 2 The fiber directions of adjacent layers are staggered at 90°.

[0011] Furthermore, the nano-montmorillonite modified aramid buffer layer comprises 4-6 layers of nano-montmorillonite modified para-aramid fabric. The montmorillonite is organically treated with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, and the addition amount is 2-4% of the aramid mass. The fabric surface density is 160-180 g / m². 2 Interlayer coating with 0.03-0.05mm thick nitrile rubber modified epoxy resin.

[0012] Furthermore, the graphene-carbon fiber composite support layer consists of 2-3 layers of graphene / carbon fiber prepreg, with graphene sheets having a thickness of 1-3 nm and a diameter of 5-10 μm, dispersed in an epoxy resin matrix, and added at 0.5-1% of the matrix mass. The carbon fiber is T700 grade, with an areal density of 200-220 g / m³. 2 .

[0013] Furthermore, the polyurethane elastic comfort layer is made of flexible polyurethane foam with a Shore hardness of 50-60D, a thickness of 2-3mm, and honeycomb-shaped breathable pores with a pore size of 1-2mm and a pore spacing of 3-5mm on the surface. The water-based nano-binder is based on water-based polyurethane, with 1-2% nano-alumina particles with a particle size of 50-80nm added, a solid content of 30-40%, and a bonding strength ≥8MPa.

[0014] This invention provides a lightweight and high-strength nanocomposite bulletproof vest, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The overall surface density of the bulletproof component of this utility model is controlled at 16-17 kg / m³. 2Compared to traditional pure aramid bulletproof vests, it reduces weight by 32%-36%, and compared to pure UHMWPE bulletproof vests by 15%-20%, while meeting NIJ IIIA protection requirements. It can withstand continuous impacts from 9mm Parabellum bullets (initial velocity 390m / s) and .44 Magnum bullets (initial velocity 430m / s), improving protection efficiency by more than 30%. The bridging effect of nano-alumina particles in the water-based nano-binder (705) ensures that the bonding strength between the layers of the bulletproof components is ≥8MPa, which is 50% higher than that of traditional binders, and there is no interlayer delamination after impact. The nano-montmorillonite modified aramid buffer layer relies on the layered reinforcement effect of organomontmorillonite, combined with the 20% of para-aramid itself. The ability to maintain its original strength at 0℃ ensures the buffer layer's temperature resistance remains stable above 200℃. The graphene-carbon fiber composite load-bearing layer, through the synergy of graphene's high thermal conductivity and T700 carbon fiber's rigid support, improves temperature resistance to above 250℃. After being placed in an 80℃ environment for 24 hours, the protective performance fluctuation is ≤3%, completely solving the problem of poor temperature resistance in traditional UHMWPE bulletproof vests, making it suitable for high-temperature combat environments. The polyurethane elastic comfort layer uses flexible foam with a Shore hardness of 50-60D, improving body conformity by 70%. The honeycomb-shaped ventilation design with 1-2mm pore diameter and 3-5mm pore spacing achieves a breathability of 500-600g / (m²). 2 •24h), which is 45% better than the structure without air holes.

[0016] 2. The front and back covers of this utility model achieve adjustable fit through the Velcro loops and hooks of the side covers, ensuring that the bulletproof components remain relatively fixed to the human body during impact and avoiding protective failure due to displacement. The protective edging strip made of aramid abrasion-resistant fabric can prevent the edges of the bulletproof components from delamination or wear, ensuring long-term stability. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a lightweight and high-strength nanocomposite bulletproof vest according to the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a top view schematic diagram of the lightweight and high-strength nanocomposite bulletproof vest of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a top view cross-sectional diagram of the bulletproof component of a lightweight and high-strength nanocomposite bulletproof vest according to this utility model.

[0020] In the image: 1. Front cover; 2. Back cover; 3. Collar; 4. Side cover; 5. Velcro loop; 6. Velcro hook; 7. Bulletproof components; 701. Nano-silica reinforced UHMWPE protective layer; 702. Nano-montmorillonite modified aramid cushioning layer; 703. Graphene-carbon fiber composite load-bearing layer; 704. Polyurethane elastic comfort layer; 705. Water-based nano-adhesive; 8. Receptacle cavity; 9. Protective edging strip. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model.

[0022] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, a lightweight and high-strength nanocomposite bulletproof vest includes a front vest 1 and side vests 4. A rear vest 2 is connected to the back of the front vest 1, and a collar 3 is provided between the tops of the front vest 1 and the rear vest 2. The side vests 4 are connected to both sides of the rear vest 2. Both the front vest 1 and the rear vest 2 have receiving cavities 8 on their inner sides, and a bulletproof component 7 is provided inside the receiving cavity 8. The bulletproof component 7 includes, from the impact surface to the contact surface, a nano-silica reinforced UHMWPE protective layer 701, a nano-montmorillonite modified aramid cushioning layer 702, a graphene-carbon fiber composite load-bearing layer 703, and a polyurethane elastic comfort layer 704, and a water-based nano-coating is provided between each layer. The bulletproof component 7 is made of a water-based nano-adhesive 705, a nano-silica-reinforced UHMWPE protective layer 701, a nano-montmorillonite-modified aramid buffer layer 702, a graphene-carbon fiber composite load-bearing layer 703, and a polyurethane elastic comfort layer 704, all bonded together by hot pressing. The thickness of the bulletproof component 7 is 12-15mm. The nano-silica-reinforced UHMWPE protective layer 701 is composed of 8-10 layers of nano-silica / UHMWPE composite fiber fabric. The nano-silica particles in the composite fibers have a particle size of 30-50nm and are added at 3-5% of the fiber mass. The fabric surface density is 180-200g / m³. 2 The fiber directions of adjacent layers are staggered at 90°. The nano-montmorillonite modified aramid buffer layer 702 consists of 4-6 layers of nano-montmorillonite modified para-aramid fabric. The montmorillonite is organically treated with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, and the addition amount is 2-4% of the aramid mass. The fabric surface density is 160-180 g / m². 2 The interlayer is coated with a 0.03-0.05mm thick layer of nitrile rubber-modified epoxy resin. The graphene-carbon fiber composite support layer 703 consists of 2-3 layers of graphene / carbon fiber prepreg, with graphene sheets 1-3nm thick and 5-10μm in diameter, dispersed in the epoxy resin matrix at an addition rate of 0.5-1% of the matrix mass. The carbon fiber is T700 grade with an areal density of 200-220g / m³. 2The polyurethane elastic comfort layer 704 uses flexible polyurethane foam with a Shore hardness of 50-60D, a thickness of 2-3mm, and honeycomb-shaped breathable pores with a pore size of 1-2mm and a pore spacing of 3-5mm on the surface. The water-based nano adhesive 705 uses water-based polyurethane as the base material, adds 1-2% nano alumina particles with a particle size of 50-80nm, has a solid content of 30-40%, and a bonding strength ≥8MPa.

[0023] The specific operation is as follows: the overall surface density of the bulletproof component 7 is controlled at 16-17 kg / m³. 2 Compared to traditional pure aramid bulletproof vests, it reduces weight by 32%-36%, and compared to pure UHMWPE bulletproof vests by 15%-20%, while meeting NIJ IIIA protection requirements. It can withstand continuous impacts from 9mm Parabellum bullets (initial velocity 390m / s) and .44 Magnum bullets (initial velocity 430m / s), improving protection efficiency by more than 30%. The bridging effect of nano-alumina particles in the water-based nano-binder (705) ensures that the interlayer bonding strength of the bulletproof component 7 is ≥8MPa, which is 50% higher than that of traditional binders, and there is no interlayer delamination after impact. The nano-montmorillonite modified aramid buffer layer 702 relies on the layered reinforcement effect of organomontmorillonite, combined with the para-aramid itself 200 The ability to maintain its original strength at high temperatures ensures the buffer layer's temperature resistance remains stable above 200℃. The graphene-carbon fiber composite load-bearing layer 703, through the synergy of graphene's high thermal conductivity and T700 carbon fiber's rigid support, improves temperature resistance to above 250℃. After being placed in an 80℃ environment for 24 hours, the protective performance fluctuation is ≤3%, completely solving the problem of poor temperature resistance in traditional UHMWPE bulletproof vests, making it suitable for high-temperature combat environments. The polyurethane elastic comfort layer 704 uses flexible foam with a Shore hardness of 50-60D, improving the fit to the human body by 70%. Its honeycomb-like breathable pore design with a 1-2mm diameter and 3-5mm spacing achieves a breathability of 500-600g / (m²). 2 •24h), which is 45% better than the structure without air holes.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the side cover 4 has a Velcro loop 5 on one side of its surface, and the front cover 1 has Velcro hooks 6 on both sides of its surface. There are two of each of the side cover 4, Velcro loop 5, and Velcro hooks 6. The side cover 4 is connected to the Velcro hooks 6 by Velcro loop 5. The bulletproof component 7 has a protective edge strip 9 sewn on its edge.

[0025] The specific operation is as follows: the front cover 1 and the back cover 2 are adjusted to fit together through the Velcro loop side 5 and the Velcro hook side 6 of the side cover 4, ensuring that the bulletproof component 7 remains relatively fixed to the human body during the impact, avoiding the failure of protection due to displacement. The protective edge strip 9 made of aramid abrasion-resistant fabric can prevent the edge of the bulletproof component 7 from delamination or wear, ensuring long-term stability.

[0026] In summary, when using this lightweight and high-strength nanocomposite bulletproof vest, the user first passes their head through the collar 3, so that the front vest 1 covers the chest area and the back vest 2 covers the back area. Then, the side vests 4 on both sides of the back vest 2 are wrapped around the body in front, and the Velcro loops 5 on the surface of the side vests 4 are aligned with the Velcro hooks 6 on both sides of the front vest 1. The fitting position is adjusted according to the body shape to ensure that the bulletproof vest is of moderate tightness after fitting.

[0027] When a bullet or shrapnel impacts the body armor during a mission, the outermost nano-silica-reinforced UHMWPE protective layer 701 takes effect first. Its 8-10 layers of 90° interlaced composite fiber fabric structure, with the dispersion strengthening effect of 30-50nm nano-silica particles, increases the tensile strength of the fibers by 20%-25%. It can initially dissipate 30%-35% of the impact kinetic energy through fiber breakage, fabric deformation and nanoparticle friction. At the same time, it uses the high modulus properties of UHMWPE fibers to resist bullet intrusion and prevent the bullet from directly penetrating the outer protective layer.

[0028] The remaining kinetic energy after attenuation by the outer layer is transferred to the nano-montmorillonite modified aramid buffer layer 702. In the 4-6 layers of para-aramid fabric, the amount of organically treated nano-montmorillonite sheets added is 2-4%. Through interlayer slip and peeling, the impact energy is absorbed. Combined with the 0.03-0.05mm thick nitrile rubber modified epoxy resin between the layers, its elastomer properties can further buffer the impact force, disperse the stress wave along the in-plane direction to a larger area, reduce the local impact load by 40%-45%, and prevent local cracking caused by concentrated stress.

[0029] The kinetic energy that is not fully absorbed is transferred to the graphene-carbon fiber composite load-bearing layer 703. The high tensile strength of T700 grade carbon fiber (≥4.9GPa) and the excellent mechanical properties of the 1-3nm thick graphene sheets work together to form a rigid support structure, preventing the overall deformation of the bulletproof component 7. The diffuse distribution of graphene in the epoxy resin matrix can also promote stress transfer. The remaining 20%-25% of the kinetic energy is dissipated through matrix cracking and fiber pull-out, ensuring that the protective layer does not suffer penetrating damage.

[0030] The final residual impact is buffered by the 704 polyurethane elastic comfort layer. The flexible foam with a Shore hardness of 50-60D controls the impact acceleration within the range of human tolerance, ≤150G, through compression deformation. The honeycomb-shaped breathable pores with a diameter of 1-2mm on the surface improve the breathability of the wearer without affecting the cushioning performance.

[0031] Each functional layer is hot-pressed together with water-based nano-adhesive 705. The addition of 1-2% nano-alumina particles (50-80nm) can achieve a bonding strength of ≥8MPa, effectively avoiding the problem of interlayer peeling in traditional bulletproof vests. This ensures that impact energy is transferred in an orderly manner between layers, achieving synergistic protection throughout the entire process, including protection, buffering, load-bearing, and comfort. Ultimately, a balance between lightweight and high protection is achieved with an overall thickness of 12-15mm. After the mission, the bulletproof vest can be removed by tearing open the Velcro surface 5.

[0032] The embodiments of this utility model are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the utility model to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of this utility model, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand this utility model and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.

Claims

1. A lightweight and high-strength nanocomposite bulletproof vest, comprising a front vest cover (1) and side vest covers (4), characterized in that, The back cover (2) is connected to the back of the front cover (1), and a neckline (3) is provided between the top of the front cover (1) and the back cover (2). The side cover (4) is connected to both sides of the back cover (2). The front cover (1) and the back cover (2) are provided with a receiving cavity (8) on the inner side, and a bulletproof component (7) is provided inside the receiving cavity (8). The bulletproof component (7) includes, from the impact surface to the bonding surface, a nano-silica reinforced UHMWPE protective layer (701), a nano-montmorillonite modified aramid buffer layer (702), a graphene-carbon fiber composite load-bearing layer (703), and a polyurethane elastic comfort layer (704). A water-based nano adhesive (705) is provided between each layer. The edge of the bulletproof component (7) is sewn with a protective edge strip (9).

2. The lightweight and high-strength nanocomposite bulletproof vest according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side cover (4) has a Velcro loop (5) on one side of its surface, and the front cover (1) has Velcro hooks (6) on both sides of its surface.

3. The lightweight and high-strength nanocomposite bulletproof vest according to claim 2, characterized in that, Two of each of the side cover (4), the hook and loop fastener (5), and the hook and loop fastener (6) are provided, and the side cover (4) is connected to the hook and loop fastener (6) by the hook and loop fastener (5).

4. The lightweight and high-strength nanocomposite bulletproof vest according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nano-silica reinforced UHMWPE protective layer (701), nano-montmorillonite modified aramid buffer layer (702), graphene-carbon fiber composite load-bearing layer (703) and polyurethane elastic comfort layer (704) are hot-pressed together by water-based nano-adhesive (705), and the thickness of the bulletproof component (7) is 12-15mm.

5. The lightweight and high-strength nanocomposite bulletproof vest according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nano-silica-reinforced UHMWPE protective layer (701) is composed of 8-10 layers of nano-silica / UHMWPE composite fiber fabric. The nano-silica particles in the composite fibers have a particle size of 30-50 nm and are added at 3-5% of the fiber mass. The fabric surface density is 180-200 g / m³. 2 The fiber directions of adjacent layers are staggered at 90°.

6. The lightweight and high-strength nanocomposite bulletproof vest according to claim 1, characterized in that, The nano-montmorillonite modified aramid buffer layer (702) consists of 4-6 layers of nano-montmorillonite modified para-aramid fabric. The montmorillonite is organically treated with hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide, and the addition amount is 2-4% of the aramid mass. The fabric surface density is 160-180 g / m². 2 Interlayer coating with 0.03-0.05mm thick nitrile rubber modified epoxy resin.

7. The lightweight and high-strength nanocomposite bulletproof vest according to claim 1, characterized in that, The graphene-carbon fiber composite support layer (703) consists of 2-3 layers of graphene / carbon fiber prepreg, with graphene sheets having a thickness of 1-3 nm and a diameter of 5-10 μm, dispersed in an epoxy resin matrix at an addition amount of 0.5-1% of the matrix mass. The carbon fiber is T700 grade with an areal density of 200-220 g / m³. 2 .

8. The lightweight and high-strength nanocomposite bulletproof vest according to claim 1, characterized in that, The polyurethane elastic comfort layer (704) is made of flexible polyurethane foam with a Shore hardness of 50-60D, a thickness of 2-3mm, and honeycomb-shaped breathable pores with a pore size of 1-2mm and a pore spacing of 3-5mm on the surface. The water-based nano-adhesive (705) is based on water-based polyurethane, with 1-2% nano-alumina particles with a particle size of 50-80nm added, a solid content of 30-40%, and a bonding strength ≥8MPa.

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