Optical light guide structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to optical assembly technical field discloses an optical light guide structure, including light guide plate, LED light source module, reflection subassembly, optical film group and light -admitting side light protection component, light guide plate has light -admitting side, light -emitting surface and back light surface, LED light source module is set up in the light -admitting side of light guide plate correspondingly, reflection subassembly is pasted in the back light surface of light guide plate, and reflection subassembly includes PET layer and high reflection coating that stack in proper order, optical film group is stacked and is set up in the light -emitting surface of light guide plate, and optical film group includes diffusion film, prism film and brightening film that set up in proper order along the light -emitting direction, light -admitting side light protection component sets up in the cooperation area of LED light source module and light guide plate light -admitting side, is used for blocking light leakage. The structure cancels the independent side reflection layer through the integration and optimization fixed mode between internal film layer, thereby simplifies the overall architecture, and the precision of assembly and the environmental tolerance of product are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of optical component technology, and in particular to an optical light guide structure. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, the optical light guide structure of a backlight module typically includes a light guide plate, an LED light source module disposed on its light-incident side, a reflective component attached to the backlight surface of the light guide plate, and an optical film assembly stacked on the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate. To address the issue of light scattering from the sides of the light guide plate, conventional structures typically attach an additional, independent side reflective layer to the side of the light guide plate (especially the non-light-incident side), such as a reflective film or coating fixed by tape or adhesive. This side reflective layer exists as an additional, independent structural component, and its bonding with the light guide plate body depends on a secondary bonding process. This structural design has obvious flaws: First, there is a physical bonding interface between the independent side-reflecting layer and the side of the light guide plate. This interface is prone to gaps or bubbles due to insufficient bonding precision, resulting in light loss and uneven brightness. Second, as display devices become thinner, the thickness of the light guide plate continues to decrease. The space occupied by the side-reflecting layer itself and the process margin required for bonding contradict the overall goal of thinness design. Furthermore, as an exposed or semi-exposed independent structure, the side-reflecting layer is more susceptible to environmental temperature and humidity changes, mechanical stress, etc., during the assembly and use of the whole machine, resulting in problems such as delamination, aging, or attenuation of reflective performance, which affects the long-term reliability of the entire optical structure. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide an optical light guide structure that, by integrating and optimizing the fixing method between internal film layers, eliminates the need for a separate side reflective layer, thereby simplifying the overall structure and improving the accuracy of assembly and the environmental tolerance of the product.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the following technical solution is adopted: An optical light guide structure, comprising: A light guide plate having an incident light side, an emitting light surface, and a backlight surface; LED light source module, wherein the LED light source module is correspondingly disposed on the light-incident side of the light guide plate; A reflective component is attached to the back surface of the light guide plate, and the reflective component includes a PET layer and a high-reflective coating layer stacked sequentially. An optical film assembly is stacked on the light-emitting surface of the light guide plate, and the optical film assembly includes a diffusion film, a prism film and a brightness enhancement film arranged sequentially along the light-emitting direction; An incident light shield is provided in the mating area between the LED light source module and the light guide plate on the incident side, and is used to block light leakage.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution, the diffusion film includes a substrate layer and a diffusion particle layer dispersed within the substrate layer.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution, the PET layer of the reflective component is bonded and fixed to the backlight surface by an optical adhesive layer.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution, the light-blocking component on the light-incident side includes at least one of light-incident side light-blocking tape and light-incident side light-blocking window.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution, the surface of the light guide plate is provided with microstructure dots, which are distributed on the backlight surface or the internal area of ​​the light guide plate.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution, a protective film is also attached to the outer side of the optical film assembly.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution, the protective film is a PET protective film layer.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: First, by eliminating the independent side-reflecting layer structure, the optical interface problem caused by poor adhesion of this layer is fundamentally eliminated, simplifying the overall assembly process. Second, key optical film groups (such as diffusion films and prism films) are directly fixed to the light guide plate using a specific adhesive layer. This adhesive layer has high light transmittance, a matching refractive index, and controllable uniform thickness, which not only achieves a stable bond between film layers, avoiding displacement and bubbles, but also ensures effective light transmission due to its own optical properties. In some areas, the adhesive layer can even replace the original optical function of the side-reflecting layer. Third, this integrated fixing method reduces the space occupied on the side of the light guide plate, providing greater structural freedom for further thinning of the light guide plate body and the entire backlight module. Finally, the stable interlayer bonding structure enhances the integrity and reliability of the entire optical component under harsh environments such as mechanical vibration and thermal shock, thereby extending the product's service life. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 An axonometric view of an optical light guide structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0013] Figure 2 A partial cross-sectional view of a diffusion film in an optical light guide structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0014] Figure 3 A structural diagram of the back surface of the light guide plate in an optical light guide structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0015] Figure 4A structural diagram of an optical light guide structure according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown when a protective film is provided.

[0016] Figure label: 1. Light guide plate; 101. Light-incident side; 102. Light-emitting surface; 103. Backlight surface; 104. Microstructure dots; 2. LED light source module; 3. Reflective component; 301. PET layer; 302. High-reflectivity coating; 303. Optical adhesive layer; 4. Optical film assembly; 401. Diffuser film; 402. Prism film; 403. Brightness enhancement film; 4011. Substrate layer; 4012. Diffuser particle layer; 5. Light-incident side anti-light component; 501. Light-incident side anti-light tape; 502. Light-incident side anti-light window; 6. Protective film. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following specific examples illustrate the implementation of this utility model. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of this utility model from the content disclosed in this specification. This utility model can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of this utility model. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features described therein can be combined with each other.

[0018] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0019] This utility model embodiment provides an optical light guide structure, such as Figure 1 As shown, the optical light guide structure includes a light guide plate 1, an LED light source module 2, a reflective component 3, an optical film group 4, and an incident light-shielding component 5. The light guide plate 1 has an incident light side 101, an emitting light surface 102, and a backlight surface 103. The LED light source module 2 is correspondingly disposed on the incident light side of the light guide plate 1. The reflective component 3 is attached to the backlight surface of the light guide plate 1, and the reflective component 3 includes a PET layer 301 and a high-reflectivity coating 302 stacked sequentially. The optical film group 4 is stacked on the emitting light surface 102 of the light guide plate 1, and the optical film group 4 includes a diffusion film 401, a prism film 402, and a brightness enhancement film 403 arranged sequentially along the light emission direction. The incident light-shielding component 5 is disposed in the mating area between the LED light source module 2 and the incident light side 101 to block light leakage.

[0020] The working principle of this optical light guide structure is as follows: Light emitted from the LED light source module 2 enters the light guide plate 1 from the light-incident side 101. The light propagates within the light guide plate 1 using the principle of total internal reflection. The backlight surface 103 of the light guide plate 1 is typically designed with fine scattering dots. These dots disrupt the conditions for total internal reflection, allowing light to be emitted uniformly from the light-emitting surface 102 in a controlled manner, forming a surface light source. Light leaking from the backlight surface 103 is blocked by the reflective component 3 below it and reflected back into the light guide plate 1, re-participating in the aforementioned light guiding and emission process, thereby improving light utilization. The light emitted from the light-emitting surface 102 then passes sequentially through the diffusion film 401, the prism film 402, and the brightness enhancement film 403 in the optical film group 4. These films respectively serve to further homogenize the light, converge the light angle, and enhance the brightness of the front, ultimately outputting uniform and high-brightness illumination light. The light-incident side anti-light component 5, located in the area where the LED light source module 2 and the light guide plate 1 light-incident side 101 meet, can effectively absorb or block stray light or light leakage that may be generated at the direct interface, prevent unexpected light from escaping from the side, ensure light efficiency and improve contrast.

[0021] In the above structure, there are multiple possible implementations for each component; the following examples are for illustrative purposes only. The light guide plate 1 can be made of optical-grade polymer materials, such as polymethyl methacrylate or polycarbonate, and formed by injection molding or cutting. The LED light source module 2 can be specifically implemented as a side-lit light strip containing LED chips and a circuit board. A common implementation of the reflective component 3 is a PET film coated on one or both sides with a high-reflectivity material (such as titanium dioxide). The diffusion film 401 in the optical film group 4 can contain diffusion particles, the prism film 402 can have a prism-like microstructure, and the brightness enhancement film 403 can be a multi-layer microprism structure or a reflective polarizer. The light-shielding component 5 on the light-incident side can be foam tape with a black light-absorbing layer, light-shielding tape, or light-shielding ink directly coated on this area.

[0022] In some embodiments, the structure of the diffusion film 401 in the optical film assembly 4 can be further refined. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the diffusion film 401 may specifically include a transparent substrate layer 4011 and a diffusion particle layer 4012 uniformly dispersed within the substrate layer 4011. The substrate layer 4011 may be made of a thin film material with good light transmittance, such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate) or PC (polycarbonate), and its main function is to provide structural support and ensure light transmission. The diffusion particle layer 4012 is formed by dispersing a large number of micron or submicron-sized diffusion particles (such as silica, acrylic resin, or organosilicon particles) at a certain concentration in the substrate material. Its function is to cause multiple scattering of light when it passes through, thereby breaking the original propagation direction of the light, making the light intensity distribution softer and more uniform, and effectively eliminating the smudges or bright and dark stripes that may exist when the light is directly emitted from the light-emitting surface 102 of the light guide plate.

[0023] This integrated structure, which embeds diffusing particles within the substrate, offers superior structural stability and durability compared to traditional surface-coated diffusion layers. The particles are less prone to detachment, and the optical performance is more consistent. After passing through this diffusion film 401, the spatial distribution of light is initially homogenized, providing a more uniform optical foundation for the light-gathering effect of the prism film 402 and the brightness enhancement of the brightening film 403. It is worth noting that the specific material selection, particle type, particle size, and distribution concentration of the substrate layer 4011 and the diffusion particle layer 4012 can be adjusted according to actual optical requirements. The above description is merely an example of a feasible implementation and is not the only limitation on the diffusion film structure of this invention.

[0024] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the PET layer 301 of the reflective component 3 and the backlight surface 103 of the light guide plate 1 can be bonded and fixed together by an optical adhesive layer 303. This optical adhesive layer 303 is formed by coating or laminating an optical adhesive with high light transmittance, low haze, and a refractive index matching the light guide plate material (such as PMMA or PC) and the PET layer. Its function is twofold: firstly, to achieve a gapless and bubble-free strong bond between the PET layer 301 and the backlight surface 103, ensuring that the reflective component 3 will not shift or peel off during long-term use; secondly, due to the excellent optical properties of the optical adhesive layer 303, it can minimize reflection loss at the interface caused by the refractive index difference when light enters the reflective component 3 from the light guide plate 1, allowing leaked light to enter the reflective component 3 more efficiently and be reflected back to the light guide plate 1 by its internal high-reflectivity coating 302, thereby further improving light utilization efficiency.

[0025] This structural design achieves a more integrated and reliable optical bond between the reflective component 3 and the light guide plate 1 through the optical adhesive layer 303, replacing potential mechanical snap-fits or non-optical adhesives, simplifying the assembly process, and optimizing the light transmission characteristics at the interface. Of course, the specific material (such as acrylic or silicone optical adhesives), coating thickness, and curing method of the optical adhesive layer 303 can be selected and adjusted according to actual process requirements. The description here is merely an example of a preferred embodiment and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of this utility model. In some embodiments, such as Figure 3As shown, the surface of the light guide plate 1 is provided with microstructure dots 104 for guiding and scattering light. These microstructure dots 104 can be distributed in a pattern on the back surface 103 of the light guide plate 1, or formed in the near-surface area inside the light guide plate 1 through precision machining technology. Their core optical function lies in precisely designing the size, depth, distribution density, and arrangement of the dots to locally break the total internal reflection condition upon which light propagates within the light guide plate, thereby controlling the uniform and controllable emission of light from the light-emitting surface 102. When light encounters these microstructure dots 104 during propagation, it undergoes scattering, refraction, or reflection, changing its propagation direction. A portion of the light escapes from the light-emitting surface 102, forming a uniform surface light source. By optimizing the dot design, the input characteristics of the LED light source can be precisely matched, compensating for natural light decay caused by varying distances from the light source, thus achieving extremely high brightness uniformity across the entire light-emitting surface.

[0026] The specific morphology of the microstructure dots 104 can be micro-protrusions, micro-pits, micro-prisms, or combinations thereof. The distribution can be a regular array or a variable-density pattern calculated using optical simulation software (such as LightTools or TracePro), with the density gradually changing from the incident light side to the distal end. In terms of implementation, if distributed on the backlight surface 103, it can typically be formed in one step using a mold with the corresponding microstructure during injection molding, or through subsequent processes such as laser engraving, chemical etching, or hot stamping. If designed for internal distribution, it may be achieved during the material preparation stage by doping with scattering particles or using a special molding process.

[0027] It should be understood that the above description of the location, shape, and processing method of the microstructure dots 104 is merely illustrative. Those skilled in the art can select and adjust the dot parameters and forming process according to specific brightness, uniformity, thickness, and cost requirements. These variations all fall within the reasonable extension and protection scope of this utility model's technical solution.

[0028] In some embodiments, such as Figure 4 As shown, to provide physical protection for the surface of the optical film assembly 4 during assembly, transportation, and subsequent processes, a protective film 6 can be further adhered to the outermost side of the optical film assembly 4 (i.e., the side furthest from the light guide plate 1). This protective film 6 is typically a transparent PET protective film layer, which has high surface smoothness, excellent mechanical strength, and a certain degree of flexibility. Its main function is to cover and protect the surface of the precision optical film such as the brightness enhancement film 403 underneath, preventing it from being scratched, contaminated with dust or oil during operation, thereby ensuring the optical quality of the final product before delivery.

[0029] The protective film 6 can be designed to be peelable, removed in the final step before the backlight module is fully assembled. In addition to its basic protective function, the surface of the protective film 6 can be further functionalized as needed, such as adding an antistatic coating to reduce dust adhesion, or giving it low stickiness for a cleaner peel. Importantly, as the outermost and ultimately removed component, the protective film 6 itself must have extremely high light transmittance to ensure that it does not interfere with the optical performance testing and adjustment of the backlight module when in its bonded state.

[0030] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions also fall within the scope of the present utility model. The patent protection scope of the present utility model should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. An optical light guide structure, characterized in that, include: A light guide plate (1) has an incident light side (101), an exit light surface (102) and a back light surface (103). LED light source module (2), the LED light source module (2) is correspondingly disposed on the light-incident side of the light guide plate (1); A reflective component (3) is attached to the backlight surface (103) of the light guide plate (1). The reflective component (3) includes a PET layer (301) and a high reflective coating layer (302) stacked in sequence. Optical film assembly (4), the optical film assembly (4) is stacked on the light-emitting surface (102) of the light guide plate (1), the optical film assembly (4) includes a diffusion film (401), a prism film (402) and a brightness enhancement film (403) arranged sequentially along the light-emitting direction. Light-incident side light-blocking component (5) is disposed in the mating area between the LED light source module (2) and the light-incident side (101) to block light leakage.

2. The optical light guide structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diffusion film (401) includes a substrate layer (4011) and a diffusion particle layer (4012) dispersed within the substrate layer (4011).

3. The optical light guide structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The PET layer (301) of the reflective component (3) is bonded and fixed to the backlight surface (103) by an optical adhesive layer (303).

4. The optical light guide structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The light-blocking component (5) on the light-incident side includes at least one of the light-incident side light-blocking tape (501) and the light-incident side light-blocking window (502).

5. The optical light guide structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the light guide plate (1) is provided with microstructure dots (104), which are distributed on the backlight surface (103) or the internal area of ​​the light guide plate.

6. The optical light guide structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, A protective film (6) is also attached to the outside of the optical film group (4).

7. The optical light guide structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The protective film (6) is a PET protective film layer.

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