Layered caries lesion model teeth

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of stomatology teaching technology, specifically relates to a layered caries loss model tooth, including enamel layer, dentin layer, caries loss structure and model tooth base, the enamel layer is fixed with dentin layer through cementation, the dentin layer is equipped with the caries cavity matched with natural caries loss form, fills the technician wax of different hardness in the caries cavity to simulate different depth dentin caries loss, adopts red soft wax to fill in the interior preset pulp cavity space of dentin layer in model tooth. The utility model has realized the high reduction of natural tooth layered structure and caries loss form, can help student accurate grasps the operation principle of caries removal and preparation hole, and can batch production, low cost, is applicable to all levels of stomatology teaching and training scene.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of oral medicine teaching technology, specifically, it relates to a layered caries model tooth. Background Technology

[0002] In endodontics education, cavity preparation and caries treatment are core skills, and high-quality teaching models are crucial for ensuring training effectiveness. Currently, caries models used in clinical teaching mainly suffer from two types of problems: Clinical extracted tooth resources are scarce and cannot be standardized: Clinical extracted teeth rely on clinical collection, which is limited in number and varies in caries morphology and degree, resulting in uneven practice opportunities for students and difficulty in standardizing teaching effectiveness. Low standardization of plastic teeth: Most existing plastic teeth are made of a single material and only use color (such as red) to mark the decayed area. They cannot reproduce the layered structure of enamel and dentin of natural teeth. Moreover, the hardness of the decayed area is the same as that of the healthy area. They cannot simulate the difference in touch between "soft caries" and "hardened dentin" in real clinical practice. As a result, students cannot develop the operational awareness of "selective caries removal" and find it difficult to master the core principles of cavity preparation.

[0003] While there have been attempts to create layered tooth models using 3D printing, the simulation of tooth decay is limited, and a complete model system covering Class IV cavities has not been formed, which cannot meet the needs of different teaching scenarios. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a layered caries model tooth that accurately reproduces the layered structure, caries morphology, and hardness differences of natural teeth, thus providing a standardized and high-quality training tool for oral medicine teaching.

[0005] The present invention provides a layered caries model tooth, comprising an enamel layer, a dentin layer, a caries structure, and a model tooth base; The enamel layer has an opening in the cavity surface, and the carious structure communicates with the opening in the cavity surface. The dentin layer has a pulp cavity, and the pulp cavity of the model tooth base is filled with red soft wax. The caries structure is located below the opening of the cavity on the tooth surface. The bottom of the caries structure is covered with black hard wax, and the remaining areas of the caries structure, except for the bottom, are covered with gray soft wax. The enamel layer has an adhesive surface that is compatible with the dentin layer. The enamel layer and the dentin layer are bonded and fixed together with cement to form a complete model tooth body. The model tooth body can be fitted into a standard dental arch model. The model tooth base is the lower half of the model tooth body.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment, both the enamel layer and the dentin layer are made of photosensitive resin.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment: the morphology of the carious structure is adapted to the corresponding caries lesion in the tooth tissue, and the morphology is a Class I, Class II, Class III, Class IV or Class V cavity morphology that conforms to dental clinical standards.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the hardness of the red wax is lower than that of the gray wax.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the enamel layer and dentin layer are printed using photosensitive resins of different colors as 3D printing materials.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the printing accuracy of the enamel layer is controlled within the range of 0.02 to 0.10 mm.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the printing accuracy of the dentin layer is controlled within the range of 0.02 to 0.10 mm.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment: the cement is a dental resin cement.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the depth of the carious structure within the dentin layer can be adjusted to form a model morphology of superficial caries, moderate caries, or deep caries.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment: the bottom of the model tooth body is provided with a protruding structure that is adapted to the alveolar socket of a standard dental arch model, and the installation and fixation are achieved by the engagement of the protruding structure with the alveolar socket.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This utility model uses 3D printing to restore the layered structure of tooth enamel and dentin, matching the anatomical proportions of natural teeth, and the location of caries lesions covers Class IV cavities, meeting the teaching needs of different caries lesions; and uses wax materials of different hardness to simulate the tactile differences of soft caries, hardened dentin, and dental pulp tissue. Students can experience the hardness changes during the "caries removal" process through instrument operation, establish the operation principle of "selective caries removal", and solve the core problem of existing models "not being able to simulate tactile sensation".

[0016] 2. This utility model is based on unified scanning data to ensure that the cavity shape, size and hardness of each model tooth are consistent, so as to realize the unified evaluation of teaching effect; the depth of caries structure and cavity type can be adjusted according to teaching needs to form models of different difficulty levels, which can be adapted to different scenarios such as undergraduate teaching, postgraduate pre-clinical training and specialist doctor advanced training.

[0017] 3. This utility model adopts a 3D printing + technician wax filling process, which eliminates the need for a complicated mold opening process and significantly reduces costs during mass production, making it far lower than existing imported teaching models; it also allows the model teeth to be quickly adapted to existing standard dental arch models without the need to purchase additional supporting equipment, making it easy to promote rapidly in dental colleges and continuing education practice classes across the country. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Other features, objects, and advantages of this invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dentin layer structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the caries lesion structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a diagram showing the assembled and used state of the model teeth of this utility model. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the model tooth after it has been cut open.

[0019] The following are the labeling elements in the figure: 1. Enamel layer; 2. Dentin layer; 3. Caries structure; 4. Model tooth base; 5. Caries opening on tooth surface; 6. Pulp cavity space; 7. Black hard wax; 8. Gray soft wax; 9. Red soft wax; 10. Model tooth body. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the present invention in any way. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0021] This utility model discloses a layered caries model tooth, including an enamel layer 1, a dentin layer 2, a caries structure 3, and a model tooth base 4.

[0022] The enamel layer 1 has a smooth bonding surface at its bottom that matches the dentin layer 2, ensuring no obvious gaps after bonding. The dentin layer 2 contains a caries structure 3, which connects to a cavity opening 5 that penetrates the enamel layer 1. A pulp chamber 6 is also created within the dentin layer 2. Designing the caries structure 3 and the cavity opening 5 on corresponding surfaces of different teeth can simulate Class IV cavities.

[0023] The top of the dentin layer 2 is bonded to the enamel layer 1, and the two are fixedly connected by cement to form a complete model tooth body 10. The model tooth body 10 can be adapted and installed in a standard dental arch model. The lower half of the model tooth body 10 is the model tooth base 4. The bottom of the model tooth body 10 is provided with a protruding structure that is adapted to the alveolar socket of the standard dental arch model. The installation and fixation are achieved by the engagement of the protruding structure with the alveolar socket.

[0024] The caries structure 3 is located below the opening 5 of the caries cavity on the dentin layer 2. The bottom of the caries structure 3 is covered with black hard wax 7. The hardness of the black hard wax 7 simulates the "hardened dentin" in natural teeth. It is relatively tough when removed by a slow machine or hand instrument. The remaining areas of the caries structure 3, except for the bottom, are covered with softer gray soft wax 8. The hardness of the gray soft wax 8 simulates the "soft caries tissue" in natural teeth. It is easier to remove by drilling or scraping.

[0025] Red wax 9 is placed in the pulp cavity space 6 of the dentin layer 2. The hardness of red wax 9 is lower than that of gray wax 8.

[0026] Example 1 The enamel layer 1 is made of white photosensitive resin by 3D printing, with the printing accuracy controlled within the range of 0.02 to 0.10 mm to ensure accurate shape; the dentin layer 2 is made of yellow photosensitive resin by 3D printing, with the printing accuracy controlled within the range of 0.02 to 0.10 mm; the carious structure 3 is made of laboratory wax or casting wax of different hardness. When filling with laboratory wax or casting wax, the wax material is first heated to a molten state, and then injected into the carious structure 3 in the order of "hard wax at the bottom first, soft wax at the top". Then the enamel layer 1 and the dentin layer 2 are bonded together. The opening 5 on the tooth surface of the carious cavity is connected to the carious structure 3.

[0027] Red soft wax 9 is used to fill the pulp cavity space 6 in the dentin layer 2 to indicate the depth of operation to students, avoid excessive caries removal leading to "pulp penetration", and strengthen their awareness of operation safety.

[0028] Working principle When this utility model is used, the standard tooth model in the head model is used as the scanning reference. The model is divided into enamel layer 1 and dentin layer 2 by computer-aided design, which match the anatomical morphology of natural tooth enamel and dentin respectively. At the same time, a caries structure 3 and pulp cavity space 6 adapted to Class IV caries are pre-set in dentin layer 2 to lay the structural foundation for subsequent functional realization. The enamel layer 1 uses white 3D printing material to ensure the appearance and basic hardness of the enamel; the dentin layer 2 uses yellow 3D printing material to ensure the color and texture of the dentin, helping users distinguish the layers of the tooth through color and structural differences; the caries structure 3 is filled with different hardnesses of laboratory wax: black hard wax 7 simulates the "hardened dentin" of natural teeth, which requires specific instruments to remove, while gray soft wax 8 simulates "soft caries tissue," which is easily removed by conventional caries removal instruments, using the hardness difference to restore the tactile judgment logic of "selective caries removal" in clinical practice; the pulp cavity space 6 is filled with red soft wax 9 to ensure the softness of the pulp tissue and indicate the depth of operation to avoid the risk of "pulp penetration"; The enamel layer 1 and dentin layer 2 are bonded and fixed with cement to form a complete model tooth body 10, ensuring that the layered structure is stable and without obvious gaps, and guaranteeing the overall shape. The model tooth body 10 can be adapted and installed in a standard dental arch model to restore the actual position of clinical teeth in the dental arch, allowing users to carry out operation training such as caries removal and cavity preparation in a scenario close to the real oral environment, realizing the three-in-one teaching function of "structure-material-scenario".

[0029] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0030] The specific embodiments of this utility model have been described above. It should be understood that this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications within the scope of the claims, which do not affect the substantive content of this utility model. Unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this application can be arbitrarily combined with each other.

Claims

1. A layered caries model tooth, characterized in that, It includes the enamel layer (1), dentin layer (2), carious structure (3), and model tooth base (4); The enamel layer (1) has a cavity opening (5) inside, the cavity opening (5) penetrates the enamel layer (1), and the carious structure (3) communicates with the cavity opening (5). The dentin layer (2) has a pulp cavity space (6) inside, and the pulp cavity space (6) is filled with red soft wax (9). The caries structure (3) is located below the opening (5) of the caries cavity, and the bottom of the caries structure (3) is provided with black hard wax (7), and the remaining areas of the caries structure (3) except the bottom are provided with gray soft wax (8). The enamel layer (1) has an adhesive surface that is compatible with the dentin layer (2). The enamel layer (1) and the dentin layer (2) are bonded and fixed by cement to form a complete model tooth body (10). The model tooth body (10) can be adapted and installed in a standard dental arch model. The model tooth base (4) is the lower half of the model tooth body (10).

2. The layered caries model tooth according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the enamel layer (1) and the dentin layer (2) are made of photosensitive resin.

3. The layered caries model tooth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The morphology of the carious structure (3) is adapted to the corresponding caries in the tooth tissue, and the morphology is a Class I, Class II, Class III, Class IV or Class V cavity that meets the dental clinical standards.

4. The layered caries model tooth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The red wax (9) has a lower hardness than the gray wax (8).

5. The layered caries model tooth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The enamel layer (1) and dentin layer (2) are printed using photosensitive resins of different colors as 3D printing materials.

6. The layered caries model tooth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The printing accuracy of the enamel layer (1) is controlled within the range of 0.02 to 0.10 mm.

7. The layered caries model tooth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The printing precision of the dentin layer (2) is controlled within the range of 0.02 to 0.10 mm.

8. The layered caries model tooth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cement in question is a dental-grade resin cement.

9. The layered caries model tooth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The depth of the carious structure (3) within the dentin layer (2) can be adjusted to form a model morphology of superficial caries, moderate caries, or deep caries.

10. The layered caries model tooth according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the model tooth body (10) is provided with a protruding structure that is adapted to the alveolar socket of the standard dental arch model. The installation and fixation are achieved by the engagement of the protruding structure with the alveolar socket.

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