A mechanical air filter performance test bench for teaching and scientific research

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of mechanical air filter performance test benches for teaching and scientific research, including fan and controller, air inlet channel, connecting air duct, hourglass device, sand collecting tank, pressure gauge and mounting rack etc., fan and controller are used to produce different flow and pressure intake air, air inlet channel is located at filter front end and atmosphere is communicated with outside;Connecting air duct connects filter and fan, two air ducts are all equipped with mounting screw seat connection pressure gauge, measure filter air inlet side pressure, air outlet side pressure;Air inlet channel is also installed with hourglass device, including hourglass is used for sand sample storage, flow regulating valve is used for adjusting sand amount, and sand particle filtered by filter is collected through sand collecting tank;Mounting rack adopts frame structure, for supporting test bench.The utility model test bench can provide data reference for the structure and performance optimization of mechanical air filter, while demonstrating relevant theoretical knowledge and working principle in track vehicle structure and principle, hydraulic and pneumatic technology teaching.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of pneumatic performance testing equipment for teaching and research in universities, and in particular to a mechanical air filter performance testing platform for teaching and research. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, mechanical air filters are commonly used in domestic rail transit vehicles to filter the external air required for the vehicle's ventilation and cooling system. These mechanical air filters are simple in structure, aesthetically pleasing, and easy to install, effectively filtering sand, dust, and particulate impurities from the vehicle's intake air. However, as filtration efficiency increases, air resistance also increases. Increased resistance means either increased power for the internal cooling fan or reduced intake airflow, increasing vehicle energy consumption and reducing cooling system efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to test mechanical air filters using specialized equipment to find a balance between air filtration efficiency and flow resistance characteristics, enabling the mechanical air filter to minimize air resistance while meeting certain filtration efficiency requirements.

[0003] Chinese utility model patent CN207906129U discloses a test bench for the aerodynamic performance of an axial fan in a large generator cooling system. It can achieve high-precision measurement of parameters such as speed, torque, pressure, flow rate, and temperature according to the requirements of multi-series fan model tests. It provides a universal model test bench suitable for axial fan motors and shaft components in large generators, primarily for fan performance testing. Chinese utility model patent CN208984362U discloses an air filter test bench, which includes a fan, inlet filter, nozzle box, dust-generating front-end duct, and dust-generating duct, from front to back. It mainly tests the purification efficiency, purification effectiveness, clean air delivery rate (CADR), purification life, release of harmful substances, and removal effects of particulate matter, microorganisms, and gaseous pollutants in air purifiers. The tested products require high filtration precision, and the test bench equipment is relatively expensive, making it unsuitable for testing the performance of mechanical air filters. Chinese utility model patent CN214788152U discloses a simulated differential pressure airflow test bench for a new type of air conditioner. It uses a resistance regulating valve to adjust airflow and control resistance, and has front and rear static pressure rings on both sides of the valve to display the airflow resistance in real time. This allows for rapid and effective testing of airflow, and can also simulate filter resistance and simulate differential pressure. The testing is convenient, but it does not mention the measurement of filtration efficiency. Chinese utility model patent CN216645881U discloses a comprehensive air filter performance test bench, including a fan box, cleanroom, test pipes, exhaust fan box, and ultra-high humidity humidifier. It is used to test the resistance, efficiency, dust holding capacity, and moisture resistance of filters, and is used to study the impact of humidity on air filter performance. It is not suitable for testing the performance of mechanical air filters. Utility Model Content

[0004] The problem this invention aims to solve is to provide a mechanical air filter performance testing platform for teaching and research purposes, providing data reference for optimizing the structure and performance of mechanical air filters, enabling filters to further reduce structural resistance and power consumption of railway vehicle ventilation and cooling systems while meeting filtration efficiency requirements; it can also be used as teaching equipment in courses such as railway vehicle structure and principles, hydraulic and pneumatic technology, to demonstrate relevant theoretical knowledge and working principles.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solution: a mechanical air filter performance testing platform for teaching and research purposes, comprising: a mounting frame, a fan controller, a fan, a connecting air duct, an air filter, an air inlet duct, an hourglass device, a pressure gauge, and a sand collection box.

[0006] The mounting frame adopts a frame structure, and the fan controller, fan, connecting air duct, air filter and air inlet are integrated on the top.

[0007] The fan controller and fan are used to generate intake air with different flow rates and pressures to provide an air source for the air filter and to conduct air resistance performance tests.

[0008] The fan and air filter are connected by a connecting duct, with the air inlet located in front of the air filter and open to the outside atmosphere.

[0009] The hourglass device is installed on the air inlet duct and is used to sprinkle sand onto the air inlet side of the air filter. The sand particles filtered out by the air filter are collected through the sand collection box.

[0010] There are two pressure gauges, one on the air inlet duct and one on the connecting duct, used to measure the air filter's inlet and outlet pressures, respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the air filter is a mechanical air filter sample to be tested.

[0012] Preferably, the test bench also includes several mounting screw seats, which are disposed above the air inlet duct and the connecting air duct; the air inlet duct is equipped with a pressure gauge and an hourglass device through the mounting screw seats, and the connecting air duct is equipped with a pressure gauge through the mounting screw seats.

[0013] Preferably, the hourglass device includes an hourglass and a flow regulating valve, wherein the hourglass is used to store sand samples and the flow regulating valve is used to regulate the amount of sand sprinkled.

[0014] Preferably, the hourglass has volume markings for observing and measuring the added sand sample.

[0015] Preferably, the bottom main body of the mounting bracket adopts a frame structure welded together, while the two ends and the middle support parts adopt sheet metal bending and welding.

[0016] Preferably, the fan controller is mounted on the front sheet metal side of the mounting bracket via a controller connecting fastener, and the fan and connecting duct are mounted together on the front sheet metal of the mounting bracket via fan connecting fasteners.

[0017] Preferably, the sand collection box is installed directly below the air filter, and the middle support plate of the mounting frame is connected to the sand collection box through the sand collection box connecting fasteners to support the air filter and collect the sand particles filtered out by the air filter, and to measure the filtration efficiency.

[0018] Preferably, the air filter and the connecting duct and air inlet duct are connected by filter connecting fasteners; the other end of the air inlet duct is connected to the rear support plate of the mounting bracket by air inlet duct connecting fasteners.

[0019] Preferably, the bottom of the mounting bracket is also provided with four pulleys.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the present invention, by adopting the above technical solution, has the following technical effects:

[0021] 1. The mechanical air filter performance test bench provided by this utility model can provide experimental data reference for optimizing the structure and performance of vehicle mechanical air filter products (further reducing structural resistance under the premise of meeting a certain filtration efficiency) by measuring the air resistance and filtration efficiency of mechanical air filters at different flow rates. This enables mechanical air filters to further reduce the power of the ventilation and cooling system of rail vehicles while meeting filtration efficiency requirements, thereby improving the energy-saving and emission-reduction performance of vehicles.

[0022] 2. The mechanical air filter performance testing platform provided by this utility model, in addition to meeting the scientific research needs of filter performance, can also be used as a teaching device for students majoring in vehicle engineering to learn about ventilation and cooling systems in courses such as rail vehicle structure and principles, and flow resistance characteristics in courses such as hydraulic and pneumatic technology, to vividly demonstrate relevant theoretical knowledge and working principles. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the mechanical air filter performance test bench of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fan and sand collection box of this utility model;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connecting fastener structure of this utility model;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting bracket structure of this utility model;

[0027] Explanation of symbols in the diagram:

[0028] 1-Mounting bracket, 2-Fan controller, 3-Fan, 4-Connecting duct, 5-Air filter, 6-Air inlet duct, 7-Mounting screw seat, 8-Hourglass, 9-Flow regulating valve, 10-Pressure gauge, 11-Sand collection box, 12-Sand collection box connecting fastener, 13-Pulley, 14-Controller connecting fastener, 15-Fan connecting fastener, 16-Filter connecting fastener, 17-Air inlet duct connecting fastener. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0030] Example 1:

[0031] A mechanical air filter performance testing bench for teaching and research purposes, such as Figure 1 As shown, it includes: mounting bracket 1, fan controller 2, fan 3, connecting air duct 4, air filter 5, air inlet duct 6, mounting screw seat 7, hourglass device, pressure gauge 10, sand collection box 11, pulley 13 and several connecting fasteners.

[0032] Among them, air filter 5 is the sample to be tested, and in this embodiment it is a mechanical air filter.

[0033] The entire test sample, along with the fan controller 2, fan 3, connecting duct 4, air filter 5, and air inlet duct 6, are mounted on the mounting bracket 1.

[0034] Specifically, the fan 3 and the fan controller 2 are used to generate intake air with different flow rates and pressures to meet the basic input requirements for the air resistance performance test of the air filter 5.

[0035] The air inlet duct 6 is located at the front end of the air filter 5 and is directly connected to the outside atmosphere, while the connecting duct 4 is used to connect the air filter 5 and the fan 3.

[0036] Both the air inlet duct 6 and the connecting air duct 4 are equipped with mounting screws 7 for connecting pressure gauges 10.

[0037] Pressure gauge 10 is used to test air pressure. There are two of them, which are installed directly above the air inlet duct 6 and the connecting air duct 4 through the mounting screw seat 7. They are used to measure the air inlet side pressure and air outlet side pressure of the air filter 5, as well as to observe the air pressure difference on both sides of the air filter, so as to facilitate the intuitive reading of the pressure value and facilitate the demonstration in teaching.

[0038] An hourglass device is also installed at the mounting screw seat 7 on the air inlet duct 6.

[0039] Specifically, the hourglass device includes: an hourglass 8 and a flow regulating valve 9. The hourglass 8 is used to store sand samples, and the flow regulating valve 9 is used to regulate the amount of sand. The hourglass 8 has volume markings to facilitate the addition of sand samples and the adjustment of the flow rate.

[0040] Sandbox 11, such as Figure 2 As shown, it is installed directly below the mechanical air filter 5 and connected to the movable mounting bracket 1. It is mainly used to collect the sand particles filtered out by the air filter 5 and to calculate and determine the filtration efficiency. It is also used to support the air filter 5 being tested.

[0041] Furthermore, connecting fasteners, such as Figure 3 As shown, it includes: sand collection box connecting fastener 12, controller connecting fastener 14, fan connecting fastener 15, filter connecting fastener 16, and air inlet duct connecting fastener 17.

[0042] The fan controller 2 is installed on the front sheet metal side of the mounting bracket 1 via the controller connecting fastener 14. The fan 3 and the connecting air duct 4 are installed together on the front sheet metal of the mounting bracket 1 via the fan connecting fastener 15.

[0043] Similarly, the air filter 5 of the test sample is connected to the connecting air duct 4 and the air inlet duct 6 by the filter connecting fastener 16, while the other end of the air inlet duct 6 is connected to the rear support plate of the mounting bracket 1 by the air inlet connecting fastener 17.

[0044] The sand collection box 11 is connected to the intermediate support plate of the mounting frame 1 through the sand collection box connecting fastener 12, and also provides support for the mechanical air filter 5.

[0045] Mounting bracket 1, such as Figure 4 As shown, the bottom main body adopts a frame structure welding, and the two ends and the middle support parts adopt sheet metal bending and welding. At the same time, four pulleys 13 are set at the bottom of the mounting frame to facilitate the movement, use and maintenance of the test platform.

[0046] Example 2:

[0047] The mechanical air filter performance testing platform for teaching and research provided by this utility model can be used for teaching course demonstrations. Its working principle and the principles that can be demonstrated in teaching courses include:

[0048] (1) The test bench starts and adjusts the working voltage of the fan 3 through the fan controller 2, thereby adjusting the speed of the fan and obtaining filtered cooling air with a certain pressure and flow from the outside. This simulates the operation of a real vehicle. When the temperature of the corresponding cooled equipment in the vehicle reaches the minimum limit, the cooling fan is started.

[0049] During the demonstration, based on the test bench of this embodiment, the fan was started via fan controller 2. Since the cooling effect requires an equilibration process after the fan starts, the temperature of the cooled equipment will further increase. The system will then control the cooling fan speed and power to increase. Therefore, in this embodiment's test bench, the increased fan speed is achieved by adjusting and increasing the output voltage of fan controller 2, simulating the actual process of a vehicle.

[0050] (2) The specific air flow of the test bench in this embodiment is as follows: external cooling air enters the air inlet 6, passes through the air filter 5, and is drawn into the air inlet of the fan 3 through the connecting air duct 4, and the filtered cooling air is output by the fan 3.

[0051] The working principle is basically the same as the cooling air intake system of the traction motor and traction inverter in a real rail vehicle. That is, cooling air is drawn in from outside the vehicle through a mechanical air filter and then by a dedicated fan to ventilate and cool the corresponding heat dissipation devices. Therefore, the air flow working principle of the test bench in this embodiment can be used to simulate and demonstrate the working principle in a real vehicle.

[0052] Therefore, based on the above two principles, a teaching demonstration can be conducted for students majoring in vehicle engineering to learn the working principle of vehicle ventilation and cooling system in the course on the structure and principles of rail vehicles.

[0053] In addition, in this embodiment, a pressure gauge 10 is installed directly above the air inlet duct 6 and the connecting air duct 4 on the test bench, which can accurately measure the air pressure difference on both sides of the mechanical air filter 5 and obtain the resistance value of the filter 5 at the corresponding flow rate.

[0054] The test bench in this embodiment can also measure filtration efficiency using an hourglass 8, a flow regulating valve 9, and a sand collection box 11. The specific testing process and data processing described here can provide students with a hands-on teaching demonstration when learning the fundamental theoretical knowledge of hydraulic and pneumatic technology, testing technology, and other related courses.

[0055] Example 2:

[0056] The mechanical air filter performance testing platform for teaching and research provided by this utility model is used to conduct performance tests on scientific research products, as detailed below.

[0057] (1) Filter resistance test:

[0058] Connect the power supply of the test bench in this embodiment, start the fan controller 2, adjust the controller output voltage V1, and obtain the corresponding fan speed n1 and the fan flow rate Q1 at that speed according to the fan characteristic curve.

[0059] Meanwhile, based on the data from the pressure gauges 10 located on both sides of the air filter 5, the pressure difference ΔP1 across the air filter 5 at the corresponding fan flow rate can be obtained, and the resistance value of the filter 5 at the flow rate Q1 can be obtained.

[0060] Similarly, by adjusting the output voltage V2 of the fan controller 2, the corresponding fan speed n2 and the corresponding flow rate Q2 can be obtained. Based on the data from the pressure gauges 10 on both sides of the air filter 5, the pressure difference ΔP2 across the filter at the corresponding fan flow rate can be obtained. Thus, the resistance value of the filter 5 at the flow rate Q2 can be obtained.

[0061] Finally, by adjusting the output voltage, the resistance parameters of the same air filter 5 under different flow conditions can be obtained.

[0062] It is particularly important to note that if the filter element structure size of the air filter 5 in this embodiment is improved and optimized to obtain another air filter, its resistance value ΔP1' can be measured at the same flow rate Q1, and its resistance value ΔP2' at the same flow rate Q2. Furthermore, by adjusting different output voltages, the resistance parameters of the improved air filter under different flow conditions can also be obtained, thus providing a reference for the design and matching of the vehicle ventilation and cooling system performance.

[0063] (2) Filter filtration efficiency test:

[0064] First, the filtration efficiency of air filter 5 was tested, and the standard values ​​of the test bench standard airflow Q0 and sand spraying flow q0 were set.

[0065] During testing, connect the power supply, pass through the filter resistance test, and adjust the controller output voltage to the point where the resistance value of air filter 5 is ΔP0 at an air flow rate of Q0.

[0066] Meanwhile, L liters of standard sand are placed in the hourglass 8, and the opening degree X of the flow regulating valve 9 is set. The volume reduction of the sand in the hourglass and the corresponding time are recorded. It can be obtained that the flow rate q of the sand being drawn into the mechanical air filter 5 when the opening degree is X is obtained. The opening degree of the flow regulating valve 9 is repeatedly adjusted to X0 until the standard required sand spreading flow rate q0 is obtained.

[0067] Next, the filtration efficiency is measured. After the previous step is completed, the test bench is turned off, the air filter 5 and sand collection box 11 are cleaned, and the sand hourglass 8 is refilled with sand particles in L liters, recorded as M grams.

[0068] Restart the test bench and turn off the fan after all L liters of sand have leaked out. Remove the air filter 5 and the sand collection box 11 below it, weigh the sand in the sand collection box 11 and record it as m grams. The filtration efficiency η1 = m / M of the mechanical air filter 5 when the air flow rate is Q0 and the resistance value is ΔP0 can be obtained.

[0069] Next, if the filter element structure and size of air filter 5 are improved and optimized to obtain another air filter, its resistance value ΔP0' can be measured at the same air flow rate Q0. Similarly, L liters of standard sand are put into the sand hourglass 8, denoted as M grams, and the opening degree X0 of the flow regulating valve 9 is set, i.e., the sand sprinkling flow rate q0.

[0070] After all the sand has leaked out, turn off the fan. Take out the improved air filter and the sand collection box 11 below it, weigh the sand in the sand collection box 11 and record it as m' grams. Then you can get the filtration efficiency η1' = m' / M of the improved air filter when the air flow rate is Q0 and the resistance value is ΔP0'.

[0071] Finally, by comparing the performance parameters of the two filters before and after the improvement, test data can be provided for design optimization of vehicle ventilation and cooling system performance, and for better selection of the structure and performance parameters of mechanical air filters.

[0072] In summary, the mechanical air filter performance testing platform for teaching and research provided by this utility model can provide experimental data reference for the structural and performance optimization of vehicle mechanical air filter products, so as to further reduce the power of the ventilation and cooling system of rail vehicles and improve the energy-saving and emission-reduction performance of vehicles.

[0073] In addition to meeting the research needs for filter performance, this utility model test stand can also serve as a teaching device for students learning about ventilation and cooling systems in courses such as rail vehicle structure and principles, and flow resistance characteristics in courses such as hydraulic and pneumatic technology, vividly demonstrating the relevant theoretical knowledge and working principles.

[0074] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A mechanical air filter performance testing bench for teaching and research purposes, characterized in that, include: Mounting bracket (1), fan controller (2), fan (3), connecting air duct (4), air filter (5), air inlet duct (6), hourglass device, pressure gauge (10), sand collection box (11); The mounting bracket (1) adopts a frame structure, and the fan controller (2), fan (3), connecting air duct (4), air filter (5), and air inlet duct (6) are integrated on the top. The fan controller (2) and the fan (3) are used to generate intake air with different flow rates and pressures, which are used as air filters (5) to conduct air resistance performance tests; the fan (3) and the air filter (5) are connected by a connecting duct (4), and the air inlet duct (6) is located at the front end of the air filter (5) and is connected to the outside atmosphere; The hourglass device is installed on the air inlet duct (6) and sand is sprinkled into the air inlet side of the air filter (5) through the air inlet duct (6). The sand particles filtered out by the air filter (5) are collected through the sand collection box (11). There are two pressure gauges (10), which are installed on the air inlet duct (6) and the connecting air duct (4) respectively, and are used to measure the air inlet side pressure and the air outlet side pressure of the air filter (5); The test bench also includes several mounting screw seats (7), which are located above the air inlet duct (6) and the connecting air duct (4); The air inlet duct (6) is fitted with a pressure gauge (10) and an hourglass device via a mounting screw seat (7); the connecting air duct (4) is fitted with a pressure gauge (10) via a mounting screw seat (7). The fan controller (2) is installed on the front sheet metal side of the mounting frame (1) via the controller connecting fastener (14), and the fan (3) and the connecting air duct (4) are installed together on the front sheet metal of the mounting frame (1) via the fan connecting fastener (15). The sand collection box (11) is installed directly below the air filter (5). The middle support plate of the mounting frame (1) is connected to the sand collection box fastener (12) to support the air filter (5) and collect the sand particles filtered out by the air filter (5). The filtration efficiency is measured. The air filter (5) and the connecting air duct (4) and the air inlet duct (6) are connected by the filter connecting fastener (16); the other end of the air inlet duct (6) is connected to the rear support plate of the mounting bracket (1) by the air inlet duct connecting fastener (17).

2. The mechanical air filter performance testing bench for teaching and research purposes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air filter (5) is a mechanical air filter sample to be tested.

3. The mechanical air filter performance testing bench for teaching and research purposes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hourglass device includes an hourglass (8) and a flow regulating valve (9). The hourglass (8) is used to store sand samples, and the flow regulating valve (9) is used to regulate the amount of sand sprinkled.

4. The mechanical air filter performance testing bench for teaching and research purposes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The hourglass (8) has volume markings for observing and measuring the added sand sample.

5. The mechanical air filter performance testing bench for teaching and research purposes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom main body of the mounting bracket (1) adopts a frame structure welding, and the two ends and the middle support parts adopt sheet metal bending and welding.

6. The mechanical air filter performance testing bench for teaching and research purposes according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting bracket (1) is also equipped with four pulleys (13) at the bottom.

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