Operating mechanism of a circuit breaker and circuit breaker

Abstract

The application provides an operating mechanism of a circuit breaker and the circuit breaker, and relates to the technical field of electricity. The operating mechanism comprises a driving spindle, a driven gear and a transmission pin. One end of the driving spindle is connected with a manual operation interface of the circuit breaker. The driven gear is sleeved on the driving spindle. The driven gear has an inner end face facing the driving spindle and an outer end face away from the driving spindle. The inner end face is provided with a transmission contour, which comprises at least one slope face and one locking face. When the driving spindle rotates in the direction in which the motor driving gear rotates, the transmission pin is clamped into the locking face, so that the driven gear is driven to rotate synchronously. When the driving spindle rotates in the direction opposite to the direction in which the motor driving gear rotates, the transmission pin moves along the slope face, so that the transmission pin and the driven gear produce relative sliding and the driven gear is not driven to rotate. The problem that the motor driving is reversed due to misoperation is avoided. The structure is simple, the action is reliable, and the cost is low.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electrical technology, and in particular to an operating mechanism for a circuit breaker and a circuit breaker. Background Technology

[0002] As a key protective electrical appliance in low-voltage power distribution systems, reclosing circuit breakers bear the core responsibilities of connecting and analyzing normal load currents and interrupting fault currents, which is crucial for ensuring power grid stability and electricity safety. Modern reclosing circuit breakers typically have two operating modes: manual and electric. Manual operation relies on direct on-site control by personnel and is a basic and reliable guarantee; while electric operation can achieve opening and closing via remote commands, which is a key function for realizing power distribution automation and improving operation and maintenance efficiency. The core of electric operation lies in the motor drive, which, through gear sets and other transmission mechanisms, drives the internal mechanical components of the circuit breaker to complete the preset opening or closing actions.

[0003] In actual operation, to ensure clear and reliable system logic, the normal operating procedure of the reclosing circuit breaker is designed to be unidirectional. This means that whether operated electrically or manually, the direction of movement of the mechanical parts of the circuit breaker is fixed and consistent. However, this design has a potential risk: if, during electric operation (e.g., when the motor is driving the closing circuit), a person performs a reverse manual operation (e.g., opening the circuit), the applied force will counteract the motor's driving force. This reverse force will be directly transmitted to the motor and its transmission system, causing the motor to stall, current to surge, and, if this happens repeatedly or over a long period, will severely damage the motor's lifespan, even causing it to burn out, ultimately leading to the failure of the electric operation function. To prevent such damage caused by human error, existing technologies typically incorporate interlocking or protective structures. However, these structures are often complex, contain many components, and their reliability is reduced accordingly, while manufacturing costs increase.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an operating mechanism or circuit breaker that is simple in structure, reliable in operation, and low in cost, and can effectively and absolutely prevent reverse manual operation in the direction of electric operation. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides an operating mechanism and circuit breaker for a circuit breaker to solve the problems of complex anti-misoperation structures and poor reliability, and achieves the characteristics of simple structure, reliable operation and low cost.

[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides an operating mechanism for a circuit breaker, comprising: a drive shaft, a driven gear, and a transmission pin; one end of the drive shaft is connected to the manual operation interface of the circuit breaker; the driven gear is sleeved on the drive shaft; the driven gear has an inner end face facing the drive shaft and an outer end face away from the drive shaft, the inner end face is provided with a transmission profile, the transmission profile including at least one ramp surface and a locking surface; the outer end face meshes with a motor drive gear set; the transmission pin movably passes through the drive shaft, the ramp surface can lift the transmission pin, and the locking surface can allow the transmission pin to engage; when the drive shaft rotates in the direction of rotation of the motor drive gear, the transmission pin engages with the locking surface, thereby driving the driven gear to rotate synchronously; when the drive shaft rotates in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the motor drive gear, the transmission pin moves along the ramp surface, causing the transmission pin to slide relative to the driven gear without driving the driven gear to rotate.

[0007] Through the above scheme, one end of the drive spindle is connected to the manual operation interface of the circuit breaker. The manual operation force is input through the drive spindle. Whether the manual operation can drive the entire gear system depends entirely on the engagement state of the transmission profile and the transmission pin, realizing a non-interventional, automatic mode switching without any additional operation from the user. The transmission profile, which includes at least one ramp surface and a locking surface, is set on the inner end face of the driven gear and engages with the transmission pin that movably passes through the drive spindle. The design constitutes a purely mechanical "one-way clutch". It can automatically identify the direction of rotation, achieving rigid transmission in the "correct" direction (same direction as the motor drive gear) and idling separation in the "incorrect" direction (opposite direction to the motor drive gear). That is, when a misoperation occurs, the transmission pin slides relative to the driven gear and does not drive the driven gear to rotate, thus preventing the force from being transmitted to the motor. This prevents the reverse manual operation from impacting the motor, greatly improving the reliability and service life of the product. Compared with complex interlocking mechanisms, the ability to automatically identify the operating direction, while preventing damage to the motor from reverse operation, ensures reliable transmission in the forward operation, thereby significantly improving the reliability, safety, and service life of the circuit breaker. This solution achieves key functions through the ingenious combination of only two parts (drive pin) and two feature surfaces (sloping surface and locking surface), resulting in fewer parts, a compact structure, and a low failure rate.

[0008] In one possible design, the transmission profile is a continuous, alternating concave and convex curved surface, the locking surface is a concave part or plane in the curved surface, and the ramp surface is a raised ramp surface connected to the locking surface; the number of locking surfaces and ramp surfaces is even, and they are evenly distributed around the inner end face.

[0009] Through the above scheme, the transmission profile is a continuous, alternating concave and convex curved surface. The locking surface is designed as a concave or flat area, providing a stable and reliable "locking" position for the transmission pin. When the transmission pin falls into the concave area or presses against the flat surface under the action of spring force, effective surface or line contact is formed, thus enabling the transmission of greater torque during forward transmission without slippage, resulting in high transmission reliability. The ramp surface is clearly defined as a raised ramp, ensuring that the transmission pin can be quickly and smoothly "lifted" during reverse operation, forcing it out of the locked state. This clear functional division (concave locking, raised lifting) makes the unidirectional transmission function of the mechanism clearer, more efficient, and more absolute. The continuous curved surface ensures a smooth transition in the movement of the transmission pin along the profile, avoiding abrupt steps or sharp angles. This greatly reduces the impact, noise, and wear generated during locking and disengaging of the transmission pin, improving the smoothness of operation and the durability of parts. The smooth curved surface allows force to be transmitted more evenly between the drive pin and the profile surface, avoiding stress concentration and helping to extend the service life of the drive pin and driven gear.

[0010] The evenly distributed contour structure ensures the dynamic balance of the driven gear during high-speed rotation (especially under electric operation). This effectively prevents vibration and noise caused by uneven mass distribution, ensures smooth motor drive, and protects supporting components such as bearings. The design of multiple locking surfaces / ramp surfaces is equivalent to providing multiple identical working positions around the driven gear. This allows the drive spindle to start operation at any angle, improving ease of use. More importantly, it distributes work and wear evenly across the entire circumference, avoiding excessive wear on a single pair of locking surfaces / ramp surfaces, thereby significantly improving the service life and reliability of the entire mechanism.

[0011] In one possible design, the transmission profile also includes a transition surface, and the transmission pin rolls or slides sequentially along the ramp surface and the transition surface as it rotates in the opposite direction to the rotation of the motor drive gear. Through the aforementioned solution, the presence of the transition surface allows the drive pin to be smoothly guided to its starting position before the next locking surface after completing a cycle of "being lifted-sliding over the apex-falling back." This avoids the rigid impact, noise, and wear caused by the drive pin directly "falling" from the apex of the ramp to the next plane. The optimized movement trajectory of the drive pin during idle rotation makes the manual reverse operation feel more continuous and smooth, avoiding jamming or jerking, and improving the user experience. By reducing impact and uniformly distributing force, the transition surface effectively protects the surfaces of the drive pin and the transmission profile, helping to extend the service life of the entire operating mechanism.

[0012] In one possible design, the drive spindle has an oblong hole that extends through the drive spindle, and a drive pin is movably inserted through the oblong hole.

[0013] Through the above scheme, the oblong hole provides a defined and precise track for the up-and-down movement of the drive pin. The oblong hole design ensures that the drive pin can only move vertically within a preset range, without swaying or jamming. This is the key structural guarantee for realizing the "lifting" and "lowering" actions. This oblong hole is the core component that converts rotational motion into linear motion. When the drive pin is lifted by the ramp surface, it slides within the oblong hole. This linear displacement is the physical basis for disengaging from the driven gear (idling).

[0014] In one possible design, it also includes: an elastic element, which acts on the drive pin or a component linked to the drive pin, to provide continuous pressure on the inner end face of the drive pin.

[0015] Through the above solution, the elastic element (such as a spring) is the power source that ensures the drive pin can automatically and promptly reset and re-engage with the locking surface after idling. This is a necessary condition for the mechanism to operate cyclically. Continuous pressure keeps the drive pin firmly against the inner end face of the driven gear, ensuring that the drive pin can quickly and reliably engage with the locking surface during forward transmission, avoiding impacts, abnormal noises, or transmission failures caused by gaps. Without this elastic force, the drive pin cannot achieve the action of "engaging" with the locking surface, and the entire unidirectional transmission function cannot be established.

[0016] In one possible design, the drive spindle has a radially protruding first boss and a second boss; the second boss contacts the inner end face of the driven gear to limit the position of the driven gear on the drive spindle; a waist-shaped hole is located at the position of the second boss; an elastic element is sleeved on the drive spindle and located between the first boss and the second boss, one end of the elastic element acts on the first boss of the drive spindle, and the other end acts on the transmission pin or a component linked to the transmission pin, providing continuous pressure to the inner end face of the transmission pin.

[0017] Through the above scheme, the second boss acts as a precise mechanical stop, limiting the axial position of the driven gear on the drive shaft, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the relative position between the transmission pin and the transmission profile, which is the basis for functional reliability.

[0018] The first and second bosses are "carved" into the drive spindle to create a closed and precise space for mounting the elastic element. This integrated design reduces the number of parts, simplifies the assembly process, and allows the entire operating mechanism to be produced and installed as a pre-assembled module, improving production efficiency and assembly accuracy. The first boss serves as a fixed support point for one end of the elastic element, while the second boss area supports the drive pin, making the force transmission path from the spring to the drive pin to the transmission profile very clear, direct, and efficient.

[0019] In one possible design, the inner end face includes a first step and a second step that protrude toward the drive spindle; the transmission profile is located on the first step, with the ramp surface and locking surface facing the second boss; the second step contacts the second boss on the drive spindle to achieve position limiting of the driven gear on the drive spindle.

[0020] Through the above scheme, the cooperation of the two steps, the second step and the second boss on the drive spindle together form a precise axial positioning system. This ensures that the transmission profile surface and the transmission pin are at the optimal working distance, avoiding functional failure caused by axial movement. Integrating the first step containing the transmission profile and the second step with the positioning function on the same side (inner end face) of the driven gear makes full use of space and makes the structure very compact.

[0021] In one possible design, a first boss is located on one end of the drive spindle near the manual operation interface of the circuit breaker; a second boss is located between the two ends of the drive spindle; and a connecting structure is provided at the other end of the drive spindle for fixing the operating mechanism to the cover or support structure of the circuit breaker.

[0022] With the above design, this layout allows one end of the drive spindle to be used for manual operation to input manual force, the middle part to realize the core transmission function, and the other end to be fixed to the support structure. This design provides reasonable force transmission, good overall rigidity, and stable installation. The clear functional zoning makes the assembly sequence of the mechanism clear and also facilitates later disassembly and maintenance.

[0023] In one possible design, a shim is also included, which is fitted onto the drive spindle and located between the elastic element and the drive pin. One end of the elastic element acts on the first boss of the drive spindle, and the other end transmits pressure to the drive pin through the shim.

[0024] Through the above solution, the shim acts as an intermediary, evenly transmitting the concentrated force of the elastic element to the entire contact surface of the drive pin. This avoids localized scratching and wear of the drive pin by the spring end, while also protecting the spring itself. The shim provides a low-friction interface between the spring and the drive pin, allowing the drive pin to move more smoothly up and down within the oblong hole, reducing the risk of jamming and ensuring the sensitivity of the mechanism's response. By reducing wear and friction, this simple component, the shim, significantly improves the long-term reliability and consistency of the entire reset system.

[0025] Secondly, this application provides a circuit breaker, including a motor, a gear transmission system and a manual operation interface. The gear transmission system is provided with an operating mechanism as described in any of the first aspects, the drive spindle is connected to the manual operation interface, and the driven gear meshes with the motor drive gear set.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the circuit breakers provided in the second aspect and the various possible designs of the second aspect can be found in the first aspect and the various possible implementations of the first aspect, and will not be repeated here.

[0027] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application. In order to better understand the technical means of the embodiments of this application and to implement them in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the embodiments of this application more obvious and understandable, specific implementation methods of this application are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0028] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a circuit breaker structure provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the operating mechanism of a circuit breaker provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive spindle of a circuit breaker provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0032] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the driven gear of a circuit breaker provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0033] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the driven gear of a circuit breaker provided in one embodiment of this application from another angle.

[0034] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission pin of the circuit breaker provided in one embodiment of the present application mounted on the drive spindle.

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the drive pin and driven gear of a circuit breaker provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view of the installation of the drive pin and driven gear of a circuit breaker provided in one embodiment of this application.

[0037] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 10. Circuit breaker; 11. Operating mechanism; 20. Motor drive gear set; 100. Drive spindle; 101. Operating end; 102. First boss; 103. Second boss; 104. Connecting structure; 110. Elastic element; 120. Waist-shaped hole; 200. Driven gear; 201. First step; 202. Second step; 210. Inner end face; 211. Locking surface; 212. Sloping surface; 213. Transition surface; 220. Outer end face; 300. Transmission pin; 400. Gasket. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein in the specification of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims and drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0040] The term "embodiment" as used herein means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of the phrase "embodiment" in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0041] In this article, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: A exists, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0042] The directional terms appearing in the following description refer to the directions shown in the figures and are not intended to limit the specific structure of this application. For example, in the description of this application, the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the figures. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification and claims of this application or in the aforementioned drawings are used to distinguish different objects rather than to describe a specific order, and may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0044] In the description of this application, unless otherwise stated, "multiple" means two or more (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" means two or more (including two groups).

[0045] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" or "joining" in mechanical structures can refer to a physical connection, such as a fixed connection, for example, a connection fixed by a partition, such as a connection fixed by screws, bolts, or other partitions; a physical connection can also be a detachable connection, such as a snap-fit ​​or interlocking connection; a physical connection can also be an integral connection, such as a connection formed by welding, bonding, or integral molding. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0046] As the background technology shows, in current circuit breakers, the operating mechanism can be malfunctioning when manually operated, meaning that the force applied by the operator (e.g., during tripping) is opposite to the motor's driving force. This reverse force is directly transmitted to the motor and its transmission system, causing the motor to stall, current surge, and, if this happens repeatedly or over a long period, will severely damage the motor's lifespan, even causing it to burn out, ultimately leading to the failure of the electric operating function.

[0047] However, existing technologies suffer from complex anti-misoperation structures and poor reliability, necessitating the design of a novel operating mechanism. This mechanism must be simple in structure, reliable in operation, and low in cost, effectively and absolutely preventing reverse manual operation in the direction of electric operation, or immediately achieving mechanical decoupling in the event of such misoperation, thereby protecting the motor and transmission system from damage. This is of significant practical importance for improving the overall reliability of reclosing circuit breakers, extending their service life, reducing maintenance costs, and further promoting the safe and stable operation of power distribution automation systems.

[0048] In view of this, embodiments of this application provide an operating mechanism and a circuit breaker, including: a drive shaft, a driven gear, and a transmission pin; one end of the drive shaft is connected to the manual operation interface of the circuit breaker; the driven gear is sleeved on the drive shaft; the driven gear has an inner end face facing the drive shaft and an outer end face away from the drive shaft, the inner end face is provided with a transmission profile, the transmission profile includes at least one ramp surface and a locking surface; the outer end face meshes with a motor drive gear set; the transmission pin movably passes through the drive shaft, the ramp surface can lift the transmission pin, and the locking surface can allow the transmission pin to be engaged; when the drive shaft rotates in the direction of rotation of the motor drive gear, the transmission pin is engaged with the locking surface, thereby driving the driven gear to rotate synchronously; when the drive shaft rotates in the opposite direction to the direction of rotation of the motor drive gear, the transmission pin moves along the ramp surface, causing the transmission pin to slide relative to the driven gear without driving the driven gear to rotate. The automatic identification of rotation direction is achieved through the ingenious cooperation of two parts (drive pin) and two feature surfaces (sloping surface and locking surface). Rigid transmission is achieved in the "correct" direction (same as the motor drive gear), and free rotation separation is achieved in the "incorrect" direction (opposite to the motor drive gear), thus avoiding the problem of motor drive reversal caused by misoperation. To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit breaker structure provided in this embodiment. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the operating mechanism of the circuit breaker provided in this embodiment. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the drive spindle of the circuit breaker provided in this embodiment. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the driven gear of the circuit breaker provided in this embodiment. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the driven gear of the circuit breaker provided in this embodiment from another angle. Please refer to... Figures 1 to 5 This application provides an operating mechanism 11 for a circuit breaker 10, including: a drive spindle 100, a driven gear 200, and a transmission pin 300.

[0050] In this embodiment, one end of the drive spindle 100 is connected to the manual operation interface of the circuit breaker 10, which can apply manual force to the drive spindle 100. The manual force can be clockwise or counterclockwise.

[0051] In this embodiment, the end of the drive spindle 100 that can be connected to the manual operation interface of the circuit breaker 10 is the operation end 101. The operation end 101 can be a tool interface, which is configured to be operated by tools such as screwdrivers or wrenches.

[0052] For example, in this embodiment, the tool interface is a polygonal lever or a screwdriver slot / lever structure, which facilitates operation with a socket wrench or an open-end wrench.

[0053] Driven gear 200 is mounted on drive spindle 100.

[0054] The driven gear 200 has an inner end face 210 facing the drive shaft 100 and an outer end face 220 facing away from the drive shaft 100. The inner end face 210 is provided with a transmission profile, which includes at least one ramp surface 212 and a locking surface 211. The outer end face 220 meshes with the motor drive gear set 20. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram showing the transmission pin 300 of the circuit breaker 10 provided in this embodiment mounted on the drive spindle 100. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram showing the installation of the drive pin 300 and the driven gear 200 of the circuit breaker 10 provided in this embodiment. Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional view showing the mating installation of the drive pin 300 and the driven gear 200 in the circuit breaker 10 provided in this embodiment. Please refer to the reference. Figures 6 to 8 The transmission pin 300 can move through the drive shaft 100. The ramp surface 212 can lift the transmission pin 300, and the locking surface 211 can allow the transmission pin 300 to engage. When the drive shaft 100 rotates in the direction of rotation of the motor drive gear, the transmission pin 300 engages in the locking surface 211, thereby driving the driven gear 200 to rotate synchronously. When the drive shaft 100 rotates in the opposite direction to the rotation of the motor drive gear, the transmission pin 300 moves along the ramp surface 212, causing the transmission pin 300 to slide relative to the driven gear 200 without driving the driven gear 200 to rotate.

[0055] In the above embodiment, one end of the drive spindle 100 is connected to the manual operation interface of the circuit breaker 10. The manual operation force is input through the drive spindle 100. Whether the manual operation can drive the entire gear system depends entirely on the engagement state of the transmission profile and the transmission pin 300, realizing a non-interventional, automatic mode switching, requiring no additional operation from the user. The transmission profile, which includes at least one ramp surface 212 and a locking surface 211, is provided on the inner end face 210 of the driven gear 200, and engages with the transmission pin 300, which movably passes through the drive spindle 100. This design constitutes a purely mechanical "one-way clutch". It can automatically identify the direction of rotation, achieving rigid transmission in the "correct" direction (same direction as the motor drive gear) and idling separation in the "incorrect" direction (opposite direction to the motor drive gear). That is, when a misoperation occurs, the transmission pin 300 and the driven gear 200 slide relative to each other and do not drive the driven gear 200 to rotate, thus preventing the force from being transmitted to the motor. This prevents the reverse manual operation from impacting the motor, greatly improving the reliability and service life of the product. Compared to complex interlocking mechanisms, this design can automatically identify the operating direction, preventing damage to the motor from reverse operation while ensuring reliable transmission during forward operation. This significantly improves the reliability, safety, and service life of the circuit breaker 10. This solution achieves key functions through the ingenious combination of only two parts (transmission pin 300) and two feature surfaces (sloping surface 212 and locking surface 211), resulting in fewer components, a compact structure, and a low failure rate.

[0056] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 4 and Figure 5 In this embodiment, the transmission profile is a continuous, concave-convex curved surface, the locking surface 211 is a concave part or plane in the curved surface, and the ramp surface 212 is a raised ramp surface connected to the locking surface 211.

[0057] In the above embodiments, the transmission profile is a continuous, alternating concave and convex curved surface. The locking surface 211 is designed as a concave portion or a flat surface, providing a stable and reliable "locking" position for the transmission pin 300. When the transmission pin 300 falls into the concave portion or presses against the flat surface under the action of spring force, effective surface or line contact is formed, thereby enabling the transmission of greater torque during forward transmission without slippage, resulting in high transmission reliability. The ramp surface 212 is clearly defined as a raised ramp surface, ensuring that when operating in the reverse direction, the transmission pin 300 can be quickly and smoothly "lifted," forcing it out of the locked state. This clear functional division (concave locking, raised lifting) makes the unidirectional transmission function of the mechanism clearer, more efficient, and more absolute. The continuous curved surface ensures a smooth transition in the movement of the transmission pin 300 along the profile, avoiding abrupt steps or sharp angles. This significantly reduces the impact, noise, and wear generated during the locking and unlocking of the drive pin 300, improving the smoothness of operation and the durability of the parts. The smooth curved surface allows force to be transmitted more evenly between the drive pin 300 and the contour surface, avoiding stress concentration and helping to extend the service life of the drive pin 300 and the driven gear 200.

[0058] In this embodiment, the number of locking surfaces 211 and ramp surfaces 212 is an even number, and they are evenly distributed around the inner end face 210.

[0059] The evenly distributed contour structure of an even number of gears ensures the dynamic balance performance of the driven gear 200 during high-speed rotation (especially under electric operation). This effectively prevents vibration and noise caused by uneven mass distribution, ensures smooth motor drive, and protects supporting components such as bearings. The design of multiple locking surfaces 211 / ramp surfaces 212 is equivalent to providing multiple identical working positions around the driven gear 200. This allows the drive spindle 100 to start operation at any angle, improving ease of use. More importantly, it distributes work and wear evenly across the entire circumference, avoiding excessive wear on a single pair of locking surfaces 211 / ramp surfaces 212, thereby significantly improving the service life and reliability of the entire mechanism.

[0060] Understandably, due to the locking surface 211 and the ramp surface 212, when the transmission pin 300 slides or rolls along the transmission contour, the operator can determine whether their operation is a mistake, and thus, if it is a mistake, can promptly adjust the direction of the rotational force. Therefore, the fewer the number of ramp surfaces 212, the longer the idle path will be when a mistake occurs. The more ramp surfaces 212, the shorter the idle path will be when a mistake occurs, allowing the operator to quickly adjust the rotation direction at the end of the corresponding mistake (idle path).

[0061] In this embodiment, there are four locking surfaces 211 and four ramp surfaces 212.

[0062] Please refer to 4. In this embodiment, the transmission profile also includes a transition surface 213. When the transmission pin 300 rotates in the opposite direction to the rotation of the motor drive gear, it rolls or slides along the ramp surface 212 and the transition surface 213 in sequence. Through the above embodiments, the presence of the transition surface 213 allows the transmission pin 300 to be smoothly guided to its starting position before the next locking surface 211 after completing a cycle of "being lifted-sliding over the apex-falling back". This avoids the rigid impact, noise, and wear caused when the transmission pin 300 "falls" directly from the apex of the ramp surface 212 to the next plane. The optimized movement trajectory of the transmission pin 300 during idle rotation makes the manual reverse operation feel more continuous and smooth, avoiding jamming or jerking, and improving the user experience. By reducing impact and uniformly distributing force, the transition surface 213 effectively protects the surfaces of the transmission pin 300 and the transmission profile, helping to extend the service life of the entire operating mechanism.

[0063] Please continue to refer to this. Figure 3 and Figure 6 In this embodiment, the drive spindle 100 has a waist-shaped hole 120, which passes through the drive spindle 100, and the transmission pin 300 is movably inserted into the waist-shaped hole 120.

[0064] In this embodiment, the long diameter of the waist-shaped hole 120 is greater than the sum of the diameter of the transmission pin 300 and the highest height of the ramp surface 212, thereby ensuring that the transmission pin 300 is not obstructed when rotating on the transition surface 213. The highest height of the ramp surface 212 refers to the vertical distance from the top of the ramp surface 212 to the locking surface 211.

[0065] Through the above embodiments, the oblong hole 120 provides a defined and precise track for the up-and-down movement of the transmission pin 300. The design of the oblong hole 120 ensures that the transmission pin 300 can only move vertically within a preset range, without swaying or jamming. This is a key structural guarantee for realizing the "lifting" and "lowering" actions. The oblong hole 120 is the core component that converts rotational motion into linear motion. When the transmission pin 300 is lifted by the ramp surface 212, it slides within the oblong hole 120. This linear displacement is the physical basis for disengaging from the driven gear 200 (idling).

[0066] Please refer to Figure 6 In this embodiment, it also includes an elastic element 110, which is used to act on the transmission pin 300 or a component linked to the transmission pin 300 to provide the transmission pin 300 with continuous pressure against the inner end face 210.

[0067] In this embodiment, the elastic element 110 is a spring, which can be sleeved on the drive spindle 100.

[0068] In the above embodiments, the elastic element 110 (such as a spring) is the power source that ensures the transmission pin 300 can automatically and promptly reset and re-engage with the locking surface 211 after idling. This is a necessary condition for realizing the cyclic operation of the mechanism. Continuous pressure keeps the transmission pin 300 in close contact with the inner end face 210 of the driven gear 200, ensuring that the transmission pin 300 can quickly and reliably engage with the locking surface 211 during forward transmission, avoiding impact, abnormal noise, or transmission failure caused by gaps. Without this elastic force, the transmission pin 300 will not be able to "engage" with the locking surface 211, and the entire unidirectional transmission function will not be possible.

[0069] In this embodiment, the drive spindle 100 is provided with a radially protruding first boss 102 and a second boss 103; the second boss 103 contacts the inner end face 210 of the driven gear 200 to limit the position of the driven gear 200 on the drive spindle 100; the waist-shaped hole 120 is located at the position of the second boss 103; the elastic element 110 is sleeved on the drive spindle 100 and located between the first boss 102 and the second boss 103. One end of the elastic element 110 acts on the first boss 102 of the drive spindle 100, and the other end acts on the transmission pin 300 or a component linked with the transmission pin 300 to provide the transmission pin 300 with continuous pressure against the inner end face 210.

[0070] Through the above embodiments, the second boss 103 acts as a precise mechanical stop, defining the axial position of the driven gear 200 on the drive spindle 100, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the relative position between the transmission pin 300 and the transmission profile, which is the basis for functional reliability.

[0071] The first boss 102 and the second boss 103 "carve" a closed and precise accommodating space for mounting the elastic element 110 on the drive spindle 100. This integrated design reduces the number of parts, simplifies the assembly process, and allows the entire operating mechanism to be produced and installed as a pre-assembled module, improving production efficiency and assembly accuracy. The first boss 102 serves as a fixed support point for one end of the elastic element 110, while the area of ​​the second boss 103 supports the transmission pin 300, making the force flow transmission path from the spring force to the transmission pin 300 and then to the transmission profile very clear, direct, and efficient.

[0072] Please refer to Figure 4In this embodiment, the inner end face 210 includes a first step 201 and a second step 202 that protrude toward the drive spindle 100; the transmission profile is located on the first step 201, and the ramp surface 212 and the locking surface 211 face the second boss 103; the second step 202 contacts the second boss 103 on the drive spindle 100 to realize the position limit of the driven gear 200 on the drive spindle 100.

[0073] Through the above embodiments, the cooperation of the two steps, the second step 202 and the second boss 103 on the drive spindle 100 together constitute a precise axial positioning system. This ensures that the transmission profile surface and the transmission pin 300 are at the optimal working distance, avoiding functional failure caused by axial movement. Integrating the first step 201 where the transmission profile is located and the second step 202 with positioning function on the same side (inner end face 210) of the driven gear 200 makes full use of space and makes the structure very compact.

[0074] In this embodiment, the first boss 102 is disposed on one end of the drive spindle 100 near the manual operation interface of the circuit breaker 10; the second boss 103 is located between the two ends of the drive spindle 100.

[0075] In this embodiment, a connecting structure 104 is provided at the other end of the drive spindle 100. The connecting structure 104 is used to fix the operating mechanism to the cover or support structure of the circuit breaker 10. For example, the connecting structure 104 may be provided with a threaded hole, so that the drive spindle 100 can be fixed to the cover or support structure of the circuit breaker 10 by screws.

[0076] Through the above embodiments, this layout allows one end of the drive spindle 100 to be used for manual operation to input manual force, the middle part to realize the core transmission function, and the other end to be fixed to the support structure. This design has reasonable force transmission, good overall rigidity, stable installation, and clear functional division makes the assembly sequence of the mechanism clear, and also facilitates later disassembly and maintenance.

[0077] Please refer to Figure 6 In this embodiment, a gasket 400 is also included. The gasket 400 is sleeved on the drive spindle 100 and located between the elastic element 110 and the transmission pin 300. One end of the elastic element 110 acts on the first boss 102 of the drive spindle 100, and the other end transmits pressure to the transmission pin 300 through the gasket 400.

[0078] In this embodiment, the gasket 400 can be made of metal or plastic.

[0079] Through the above embodiments, the shim 400 acts as an intermediary, uniformly transmitting the concentrated force of the elastic element 110 to the entire contact surface of the drive pin 300, avoiding localized scratching and wear of the drive pin 300 by the spring end, and also protecting the spring itself. The shim 400 provides a low-friction interface between the spring and the drive pin 300, making the up-and-down movement of the drive pin 300 within the oblong hole 120 smoother, reducing the risk of jamming, and ensuring the sensitivity of the mechanism's response. By reducing wear and friction, this simple component, the shim 400, significantly improves the long-term reliability and consistency of the entire reset system.

[0080] Based on the above embodiments, this application also provides a circuit breaker 10, including a motor, a gear transmission system and a manual operation interface. The gear transmission system is provided with an operating mechanism as described in any of the first aspects. The drive spindle 100 is connected to the manual operation interface, and the driven gear 200 meshes with the motor drive gear set 20.

[0081] Since the operating mechanism 11 of the circuit breaker 10 and its beneficial effects have been described in detail in the previous embodiments, they will not be repeated here.

[0082] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. An operating mechanism for a circuit breaker, characterized in that, include: Driven spindle, driven gear and transmission pin; One end of the drive spindle is connected to the manual operation interface of the circuit breaker; The driven gear is sleeved on the drive shaft; The driven gear has an inner end face facing the drive shaft and an outer end face away from the drive shaft. The inner end face is provided with a transmission profile, which includes at least one ramp surface and a locking surface. The outer end face meshes with the motor drive gear set. The drive pin can move through the drive spindle, the ramp surface can lift the drive pin, and the locking surface can allow the drive pin to be engaged. When the drive spindle rotates in the direction of the motor drive gear, the transmission pin engages with the locking surface, thereby driving the driven gear to rotate synchronously. When the drive shaft rotates in the opposite direction to the rotation of the motor drive gear, the transmission pin moves along the ramp surface, causing the transmission pin to slide relative to the driven gear without driving the driven gear to rotate.

2. The operating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmission profile is a continuous, concave-convex curved surface, the locking surface is a concave part or a plane in the curved surface, and the ramp surface is a raised ramp surface connected to the locking surface. The number of locking surfaces and ramp surfaces is even, and they are evenly distributed around the inner end face.

3. The operating mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The transmission profile also includes a transition surface, and when the transmission pin rotates in the opposite direction to the rotation of the motor drive gear, it rolls or slides sequentially along the ramp surface and the transition surface.

4. The operating mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive spindle has a waist-shaped hole that passes through the drive spindle, and the transmission pin is movably inserted into the waist-shaped hole.

5. The operating mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that, Also includes: An elastic element is used to act on the drive pin or a component linked to the drive pin, providing continuous pressure to the inner end face of the drive pin.

6. The operating mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The drive spindle is provided with a radially protruding first boss and a second boss. The second boss contacts the inner end face of the driven gear to limit the position of the driven gear on the drive shaft. The waist-shaped hole is located at the position of the second boss; The elastic element is sleeved on the drive spindle and located between the first boss and the second boss. One end of the elastic element acts on the first boss of the drive spindle, and the other end acts on the transmission pin or a component linked to the transmission pin, providing continuous pressure to the inner end face of the transmission pin.

7. The operating mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, The inner end face includes a first step and a second step that protrude toward the drive spindle. The transmission profile is located on the first step, and the ramp surface and the locking surface face the second boss; The second step contacts the second boss on the drive spindle to limit the position of the driven gear on the drive spindle.

8. The operating mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first boss is located on one end of the drive spindle near the manual operation interface of the circuit breaker; the second boss is located between the two ends of the drive spindle. The other end of the drive spindle is provided with a connecting structure, which is used to fix the operating mechanism to the cover or support structure of the circuit breaker.

9. The operating mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a gasket, which is sleeved on the drive spindle and located between the elastic element and the transmission pin. One end of the elastic element acts on the first boss of the drive spindle, and the other end transmits pressure to the transmission pin through the gasket.

10. A circuit breaker, characterized in that, It includes a motor, a gear transmission system, and a manual operation interface. The gear transmission system is provided with an operating mechanism as described in any one of claims 1 to 9. The drive spindle is used to connect to the manual operation interface, and the driven gear meshes with the motor drive gear set.

Images