Microchannel plate bidirectional electron cleaning device
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522421009.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-14
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-11-14
AI Technical Summary
[0005]目前微通道板的电子清刷主要采用热电子枪双向清刷的方式，具体为先利用热电子枪对微通道板进行一个方向的电子清刷，然后再利用热电子枪对微通道板进行相反方向的电子清刷，以保证电子清刷微通道板的效果，但这样的双向清刷方式需要执行微通道板翻转或调整热电子枪的方向的操作，这无疑会增加整体的清刷时间，导致微通道板的清刷效率降低
与现有技术相比，本实用新型在清刷室的夹具沿微通道板的通道阵列的延伸方向相对的两侧分别设置有第一电子枪和第二电子枪，第一电子枪和第二电子枪的发射端伸入清刷室内并分别向夹具上置有微通道板的管壳暴露通电的第一灯丝和第二灯丝，电压换相器的五个输入端依次接入负电压、地端、第一正电压、高于第一正电压的第二正电压、地端，五个输入端依次连接第一灯丝、微通道板远离夹具的一端、微通道板靠近夹具的一端、管壳靠近夹具的一端、第二灯丝，通过电压换相器的电连接控制使得第一灯丝接入负电压、微通道板远离夹具的一端接地、微通道板靠近夹具的一端接入第一正电压、管壳靠近夹具的一端接入第二正电压、第二灯丝接地能够快速地切换为第二灯丝接入负电压、管壳靠近夹具的一端接地、微通道板靠近夹具的一端接入第一正电压、微通道板远离夹具的一端接入第二正电压、第一灯丝接地，进而实现微通道板电子清刷方向的快速切换，有效地减少电子清刷时间，提高微通道板的清刷效率。
Smart Images
Figure CN224889609U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electronic cleaning technology for microchannel plates, and more particularly to a bidirectional electronic cleaning device for microchannel plates. Background Technology
[0002] A microchannel plate (MCP) is a large-area, high-spatial-resolution electron multiplier. It is a thin glass plate containing millions of micrometer-sized channels arranged in a hexagonal period. The aperture is slightly smaller than the spatial period. These channels are tilted at a very small angle (typically 5°–15°) on the plate surface and arranged parallel to each other. Each microchannel is equivalent to an independent, continuous electron multiplier, featuring high gain, high resolution, small size, and fast response. It is widely used in high-performance night vision image intensifiers.
[0003] The working principle of a microchannel plate is that particles or photons collide with the surface of the detector, generating secondary electrons or photoelectrons. These are then accelerated by an electric field, causing the electrons to collide with the next surface, generating multiple times the secondary electrons. At the output end, these are converted into a detectable and powerful electron cloud signal (with a gain of up to 10³ to 10⁷ times). The enhanced electron signal is usually collected by an anode or projected onto a fluorescent screen.
[0004] During the fabrication process, microchannel plates are exposed to the atmosphere, causing their inner and outer surfaces to adsorb large amounts of water vapor, carbon dioxide, hydrocarbons, and other substances. Therefore, it is necessary to thoroughly degas the microchannel plates through vacuum baking and electron cleaning. Electron cleaning is one of the key processes in the development of low-light image intensifiers. By continuously applying an electron beam to the microchannel plate in a vacuum system, the large electron beam actively knocks off all the adsorbed gases on the inner wall of the channel and deposits the decomposition products. After cleaning, although the gain of the microchannel plate is much lower than the initial value, it becomes very stable, resulting in extremely slow decay under subsequent normal operating conditions and a significantly extended lifespan.
[0005] Currently, the electronic cleaning of microchannel plates mainly adopts a bidirectional cleaning method using a thermo-electron gun. Specifically, the microchannel plate is first cleaned in one direction using a thermo-electron gun, and then cleaned in the opposite direction using a thermo-electron gun to ensure the effectiveness of the electronic cleaning of the microchannel plate. However, this bidirectional cleaning method requires the microchannel plate to be flipped or the direction of the thermo-electron gun to be adjusted, which undoubtedly increases the overall cleaning time and reduces the cleaning efficiency of the microchannel plate. Utility Model Content
[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a bidirectional electronic cleaning device for microchannel plates. By setting up a voltage commutator and dual electron guns, the electronic cleaning direction can be quickly switched, effectively reducing the electronic cleaning time and improving the cleaning efficiency of microchannel plates.
[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a bidirectional electronic cleaning device for microchannel plates, comprising: The cleaning chamber, the first electron gun, the second electron gun, and the voltage commutator. A clamp is provided in the cleaning chamber, and a tube shell is placed on the clamp. A microchannel plate is provided inside the tube shell. The first electron gun is provided with a first emitting end and a first energized filament. The second electron gun is provided with a second emitting end and a second energized filament. The first emitting end and the second emitting end extend into the cleaning chamber respectively, and expose the first filament and the second filament to opposite sides of the clamp along the extension direction of the channel array of the microchannel plate. The voltage commutator is provided with a first input terminal connected to a negative voltage, a second input terminal grounded, a third input terminal connected to a first positive voltage, a fourth input terminal connected to a second positive voltage higher than the first positive voltage, a fifth input terminal grounded, a first output terminal electrically connected to the first filament, a second output terminal electrically connected to the end of the microchannel plate away from the clamp, a third output terminal electrically connected to the end of the microchannel plate near the clamp, a fourth output terminal electrically connected to the end of the tube shell near the clamp, and a fifth output terminal electrically connected to the second filament. The third input terminal is electrically connected to the third output terminal. The voltage commutator is used to control the switching between a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode, the first input terminal is electrically connected to the first output terminal, the second input terminal is electrically connected to the second output terminal, the fourth input terminal is electrically connected to the fourth output terminal, and the fifth input terminal is electrically connected to the fifth output terminal. In the second mode, the first input terminal is electrically connected to the fifth output terminal, the second input terminal is electrically connected to the fourth output terminal, the fourth input terminal is electrically connected to the second output terminal, and the fifth input terminal is electrically connected to the first output terminal. Preferably, the first electron gun further includes a first base, a first shield, a first sleeve, a first electrode and a second electrode. One end of the first shield is formed as the first transmitting end, and the other end is fixedly connected to the first base. The first electrode and the second electrode pass through the first base. The ends of the first electrode and the second electrode that extend into the first shield are respectively fixedly connected to the two opposite outer walls of the first sleeve. The first filament is inserted into the first sleeve. The second electron gun also includes a second base, a second shield, a second sleeve, a third electrode, and a fourth electrode. One end of the second shield is formed as the second emitting end, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second base. The third electrode and the fourth electrode pass through the second base. The ends of the third electrode and the fourth electrode that extend into the second shield are respectively fixedly connected to the two opposite outer walls of the second sleeve. The second filament is inserted into the second sleeve.
[0008] Preferably, the first sleeve and / or the second sleeve are made of graphite. Preferably, the voltage commutator includes a rotary switch and a first relay, a second relay, a third relay, a fourth relay, and a fifth relay whose control terminals are electrically connected to the rotary switch. The first terminals of the first relay, the second relay, the third relay, the fourth relay, and the fifth relay are respectively formed as the first input terminal, the second input terminal, the third input terminal, the fourth input terminal, and the fifth input terminal; The third terminal of the first relay and the second terminal of the fifth relay are electrically connected to form the first output terminal; the second terminal of the first relay and the third terminal of the fifth relay are electrically connected to form the fifth output terminal; the third terminal of the second relay and the second terminal of the fourth relay are electrically connected to form the second output terminal; the second terminal of the second relay and the third terminal of the fifth relay are electrically connected to form the fourth output terminal; and the second terminal of the third relay and the third terminal of the third relay are electrically connected to form the third output terminal. The rotary switch is used to control the first terminal of the first relay, the second relay, the third relay, the fourth relay, and the fifth relay to switch between being electrically connected to the second terminal and being electrically connected to the third terminal.
[0009] Preferably, the negative voltage ranges from -350V to -250V, the first positive voltage ranges from 650V to 750V, and the second positive voltage ranges from 1350V to 1450V. Compared with the prior art, this utility model has a first electron gun and a second electron gun respectively arranged on opposite sides of the clamp in the cleaning chamber along the extension direction of the channel array of the microchannel plate. The emitting ends of the first electron gun and the second electron gun extend into the cleaning chamber and expose and energize the first filament and the second filament respectively to the tube shell on which the microchannel plate is placed on the clamp. The five input terminals of the voltage commutator are sequentially connected to a negative voltage, ground, a first positive voltage, a second positive voltage higher than the first positive voltage, and ground. The five input terminals are sequentially connected to the first filament, the end of the microchannel plate away from the clamp, the end of the microchannel plate close to the clamp, the end of the tube shell close to the clamp, and the first electron gun. The two filaments, through electrical connection control via a voltage commutator, allow for rapid switching between the following configurations: the first filament is connected to a negative voltage, the end of the microchannel plate furthest from the fixture is grounded, the end of the microchannel plate closest to the fixture is connected to a first positive voltage, the end of the tube shell closest to the fixture is connected to a second positive voltage, and the second filament is grounded. This enables rapid switching of the electronic cleaning direction of the microchannel plate, effectively reducing electronic cleaning time and improving the cleaning efficiency of the microchannel plate. Attached Figure Description
[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the microchannel plate bidirectional electronic cleaning device according to an embodiment of this utility model.
[0011] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the voltage commutator in the microchannel plate bidirectional electronic cleaning device of this utility model embodiment.
[0012] Figure 3 This is a circuit diagram of the voltage commutator in the microchannel plate bidirectional electronic cleaning device of this utility model embodiment. Detailed Implementation
[0013] To explain in detail the technical content, structural features, objectives and effects of this utility model, the following description is provided in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings.
[0014] Please see Figures 1 to 3 This utility model discloses a bidirectional electronic cleaning device for microchannel plates, which includes: Cleaning chamber 1, first electron gun 2, second electron gun 3, and voltage commutator 4. A clamp 11 is provided inside the cleaning chamber 1. A tube shell 51 is placed on the clamp 11. A microchannel plate 52 is provided inside the tube shell 51. A first electron gun 2 is provided with a first transmitting end 21 and an energized first filament 22. A second electron gun 3 is provided with a second transmitting end 31 and an energized second filament 32. The first transmitting end 21 and the second transmitting end 31 extend into the cleaning chamber 1 respectively, and expose the first filament 22 and the second filament 32 on opposite sides of the clamp 11 along the extension direction of the channel array of the microchannel plate 52. The voltage commutator 4 is provided with a first input terminal L1 connected to a negative voltage, a second input terminal L2 grounded, a third input terminal L3 connected to a first positive voltage, a fourth input terminal L4 connected to a second positive voltage higher than the first positive voltage, a fifth input terminal L5 grounded, a first output terminal U1 electrically connected to the first filament 22, a second output terminal U2 electrically connected to the end of the microchannel plate 52 away from the clamp 11, a third output terminal U3 electrically connected to the end of the microchannel plate 52 close to the clamp 11, a fourth output terminal U4 electrically connected to the end of the tube shell 51 close to the clamp 11, and a fifth output terminal U5 electrically connected to the second filament 32. The third input terminal L3 is electrically connected to the third output terminal U3. The voltage commutator 4 is used to control the switching between the first mode and the second mode. In the first mode, the first input terminal L1 is electrically connected to the first output terminal U1, the second input terminal L2 is electrically connected to the second output terminal U2, the fourth input terminal L4 is electrically connected to the fourth output terminal U4, and the fifth input terminal L5 is electrically connected to the fifth output terminal U5. In the second mode, the first input terminal L1 is electrically connected to the fifth output terminal U5, the second input terminal L2 is electrically connected to the fourth output terminal U4, the fourth input terminal L4 is electrically connected to the second output terminal U2, and the fifth input terminal L5 is electrically connected to the first output terminal U1.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has a first electron gun 2 and a second electron gun 3 respectively arranged on opposite sides of the clamp 11 of the cleaning chamber 1 along the extension direction of the channel array of the microchannel plate 52. The emitting ends of the first electron gun 2 and the second electron gun 3 extend into the cleaning chamber 1 and expose the first filament 22 and the second filament 32 to the tube shell 51 on which the microchannel plate 52 is placed on the clamp 11, respectively. The five input terminals of the voltage commutator 4 are connected in sequence to the negative voltage, ground, the first positive voltage, the second positive voltage higher than the first positive voltage, and ground. The five input terminals are connected in sequence to the first filament 22, the end of the microchannel plate 52 away from the clamp 11, the end of the microchannel plate 52 close to the clamp 11, the end of the tube shell 51 close to the clamp 11, and the second filament 32. The first filament 22 is connected to a negative voltage, the end of the microchannel plate 52 away from the clamp 11 is grounded, the end of the microchannel plate 52 close to the clamp 11 is connected to a first positive voltage, the end of the tube shell 51 close to the clamp 11 is connected to a second positive voltage, and the second filament 32 is grounded, through the electrical connection control of the voltage commutator 4. This can quickly switch to the second filament 32 being connected to a negative voltage, the end of the tube shell 51 close to the clamp 11 being grounded, the end of the microchannel plate 52 close to the clamp 11 being connected to a first positive voltage, the end of the microchannel plate 52 away from the clamp 11 being connected to a second positive voltage, and the first filament 22 being grounded. This enables rapid switching of the electronic cleaning direction of the microchannel plate 52, effectively reducing the electronic cleaning time and improving the cleaning efficiency of the microchannel plate 52.
[0016] See Figures 1 to 3 The first filament 22 and / or the second filament 32 are made of lanthanum hexaboride (LaB6), which has a long service life and can generate more electrons than traditional tungsten filaments under the same conditions, effectively improving the efficiency and effect of electronic cleaning.
[0017] Specifically, in this embodiment, the work function of lanthanum hexaboride is about 2.4-2.8 eV, which is much lower than that of traditional tungsten wire cathodes (about 4.5 eV). Lanthanum hexaboride has an extremely high melting point (about 2210°C) and chemical stability. Its evaporation rate at high temperatures is much lower than that of tungsten wire. Lanthanum hexaboride cathodes can typically be used for 1000-2000 hours, which is much longer than that of tungsten wire cathodes, which can only be used for 50-100 hours.
[0018] See Figures 1 to 3 The first electron gun 2 also includes a first base 23, a first shield 24, a first sleeve 25, a first electrode 26 and a second electrode 27. One end of the first shield 24 is formed as a first emitting end 21, and the other end is fixedly connected to the first base 23. The first electrode 26 and the second electrode 27 are inserted through the first base 23. The ends of the first electrode 26 and the second electrode 27 that extend into the first shield 24 are respectively fixedly connected to the two opposite outer side walls of the first sleeve 25. The first filament 22 is inserted into the first sleeve 25. The second electron gun 3 also includes a second base 33, a second shield 34, a second sleeve 35, a third electrode 36, and a fourth electrode 37. One end of the second shield 34 is formed as a second emitting end 31, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second base 33. The third electrode 36 and the fourth electrode 37 are inserted through the second base 33. The ends of the third electrode 36 and the fourth electrode 37 that extend into the second shield 34 are respectively fixedly connected to the two opposite outer side walls of the second sleeve 35. The second filament 32 is inserted into the second sleeve 35.
[0019] The aforementioned arrangement of the first electron gun 2 and the second electron gun 3 enables the emission of electrons from opposite sides of the microchannel plate 52 into the microchannel plate 52. Combined with the voltage commutation of the voltage commutator 4, this effectively achieves bidirectional cleaning of the microchannel plate 52.
[0020] Specifically, in this embodiment, in the first electron gun 2, the first electrode 26 and the second electrode 27 are electrically connected to the positive and negative terminals of the power supply, respectively, so that a constant current is passed through the first electrode 26 and the second electrode 27 to the first filament 22. The two ends of the first filament 22 are cylindrical. After being energized, the end of the first filament 22 near the microchannel plate 52 will generate more electrons. The first shield 24 can restrict the trajectory of the electrons generated by the first filament 22 and prevent surrounding objects from interfering with the movement of the electrons, so that the electrons generated by the first filament 22 can move towards the microchannel plate 52 in the electric field. In the second electron gun 3, the third electrode 36, the fourth electrode 37 and the second shield 34 are based on the same principle, so they will not be described in detail here.
[0021] Specifically, in this embodiment, multiple first electron guns 2 and multiple second electron guns 3 are arranged at intervals on opposite sides of the cleaning chamber 1, so that multiple microchannel plates 52 can be cleaned simultaneously in the cleaning chamber 1, effectively improving the cleaning efficiency of the microchannel plates 52.
[0022] Furthermore, the first sleeve 25 and / or the second sleeve 35 are made of graphite to prevent the first sleeve 25 and the second sleeve 35 from reacting chemically with the first filament 22 and the second filament 32, which are made of lanthanum hexaboride, at high temperatures, thereby effectively improving their durability.
[0023] See Figures 1 to 3 The voltage commutator 4 includes a rotary switch and five relays KA1, KA2, KA3, KA4, and KA5, whose control terminals are electrically connected to the rotary switch. The first terminal 101 of the first relay KA1, the second relay KA2, the third relay KA3, the fourth relay KA4, and the fifth relay KA5 are respectively formed as the first input terminal L1, the second input terminal L2, the third input terminal L3, the fourth input terminal L4, and the fifth input terminal L5; The third terminal 103 of the first relay KA1 and the second terminal 102 of the fifth relay KA5 are electrically connected to form the first output terminal U1. The second terminal 102 of the first relay KA1 and the third terminal 103 of the fifth relay KA5 are electrically connected to form the fifth output terminal U5. The third terminal 103 of the second relay KA2 and the second terminal 102 of the fourth relay KA4 are electrically connected to form the second output terminal U2. The second terminal 102 of the second relay KA2 and the third terminal 103 of the fifth relay KA5 are electrically connected to form the fourth output terminal U4. The second terminal 102 and the third terminal 103 of the third relay KA3 are electrically connected to form the third output terminal U3. The rotary switch is used to control the first terminal 101 of the first relay KA1, the second relay KA2, the third relay KA3, the fourth relay KA4, and the fifth relay KA5 to switch between being electrically connected to the second terminal 102 and being electrically connected to the third terminal 103.
[0024] The aforementioned relays and rotary switches enable rapid switching between different output and input terminals of the voltage commutator 4, effectively saving time in changing the direction of the electron beam movement within the cleaning chamber 1.
[0025] Specifically, in this embodiment, the five relays in the voltage commutator 4 are electromagnetic relays, and the coils in the relays are opened or closed by a rotary switch. When the coil is disconnected, the first input terminal L1 is electrically connected to the first output terminal U1 through the first relay KA1, the second input terminal L2 is electrically connected to the second output terminal U2 through the second relay KA2, the third input terminal L3 is electrically connected to the third output terminal U3 through the third relay KA3, the fourth input terminal L4 is electrically connected to the fourth output terminal U4 through the fourth relay KA4, and the fifth input terminal L5 is electrically connected to the fifth output terminal U5 through the fifth relay KA5. When the coil is energized, the first input terminal L1 is electrically connected to the fifth output terminal U5 through the first relay KA1, the second input terminal L2 is electrically connected to the fourth output terminal U4 through the second relay KA2, the third input terminal L3 is electrically connected to the third output terminal U3 through the third relay KA3, the fourth input terminal L4 is electrically connected to the second output terminal U2 through the fourth relay KA4, and the fifth input terminal L5 is electrically connected to the first output terminal U1 through the fifth relay KA5.
[0026] See Figures 1 to 3 The negative voltage ranges from -350V to -250V, the first positive voltage ranges from 650V to 750V, and the second positive voltage ranges from 1350V to 1450V, which helps to ensure that an electric field capable of driving electron movement is formed in the cleaning chamber 1.
[0027] Preferably, in this embodiment, the negative voltage is -300V, the first positive voltage is 700V, and the second positive voltage is 1400V, but it is not limited to these.
[0028] Specifically, in this embodiment, before the clamp 11 drives the tube shell 51 with the microchannel plate 52 into the cleaning chamber 1, the vacuum degree of the cleaning chamber 1 is generally set to a level below 5x10-8 Pa, and the microchannel plate 52 has completed surface coating treatment, and the tube shell 51 with the microchannel plate 52 has been baked, degassed and cooled.
[0029] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first filament 22 is energized through the first electrode 26 and the second electrode 27, and the coil of the relay therein is controlled to disconnect by the voltage commutator 4, so that the first filament 22 is connected to a -300V voltage, the end of the microchannel plate 52 away from the clamp 11 is connected to a 0V voltage, the end of the microchannel plate 52 close to the clamp 11 is connected to a 700V voltage, the end of the tube shell 51 close to the clamp 11 is connected to a 1400V voltage, and the second filament 32 is connected to a 0V voltage. The electrons generated by the first filament 22 pass through the microchannels of the microchannel plate 52 from top to bottom under the action of the electric field formed above, so as to remove impurities in the microchannel plate 52. After maintaining the electrons to clean the microchannel plate 52 from top to bottom for a period of time, the second filament 32 is energized through the third electrode 36 and the fourth electrode 37, and the coil of the relay in the voltage commutator 4 is energized so that the second filament 32 is connected to a -300V voltage, the end of the tube shell 51 near the clamp 11 is connected to a 0V voltage, the end of the microchannel plate 52 near the clamp 11 is connected to a 700V voltage, and the end of the microchannel plate 52 away from the clamp 11 is connected to a 1400V voltage. The voltage U1 of the first filament 22 is connected to a 0V voltage. The electrons generated by the second filament 32 pass through the microchannels of the microchannel plate 52 from bottom to top under the action of the electric field formed above, so as to remove impurities in the microchannel plate 52 in the reverse direction.
[0030] A first electron gun 2 and a second electron gun 3 are respectively set on both sides of the fixture 11, and the voltage at their output terminals is quickly switched by a voltage commutator 4 to quickly change the direction of the electron beam movement, thereby quickly changing the direction of the electron cleaning, reducing the overall cleaning time, and effectively improving the efficiency of the electron cleaning of the microchannel plate 52. The above-disclosed embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present utility model. Therefore, any equivalent variations made in accordance with the scope of the present utility model application shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A bidirectional electronic cleaning device for microchannel plates, characterized in that, include: The cleaning chamber, the first electron gun, the second electron gun, and the voltage commutator. A clamp is provided in the cleaning chamber, and a tube shell is placed on the clamp. A microchannel plate is provided inside the tube shell. The first electron gun is provided with a first emitting end and a first energized filament. The second electron gun is provided with a second emitting end and a second energized filament. The first emitting end and the second emitting end extend into the cleaning chamber respectively, and expose the first filament and the second filament to opposite sides of the clamp along the extension direction of the channel array of the microchannel plate. The voltage commutator is provided with a first input terminal connected to a negative voltage, a second input terminal grounded, a third input terminal connected to a first positive voltage, a fourth input terminal connected to a second positive voltage higher than the first positive voltage, a fifth input terminal grounded, a first output terminal electrically connected to the first filament, a second output terminal electrically connected to the end of the microchannel plate away from the clamp, a third output terminal electrically connected to the end of the microchannel plate near the clamp, a fourth output terminal electrically connected to the end of the tube shell near the clamp, and a fifth output terminal electrically connected to the second filament. The third input terminal is electrically connected to the third output terminal. The voltage commutator is used to control the switching between a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode, the first input terminal is electrically connected to the first output terminal, the second input terminal is electrically connected to the second output terminal, the fourth input terminal is electrically connected to the fourth output terminal, and the fifth input terminal is electrically connected to the fifth output terminal. In the second mode, the first input terminal is electrically connected to the fifth output terminal, the second input terminal is electrically connected to the fourth output terminal, the fourth input terminal is electrically connected to the second output terminal, and the fifth input terminal is electrically connected to the first output terminal.
2. The microchannel plate bidirectional electronic cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first filament and / or the second filament are made of lanthanum hexaboride.
3. The microchannel plate bidirectional electronic cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first electron gun also includes a first base, a first shield, a first sleeve, a first electrode and a second electrode. One end of the first shield is formed as the first transmitting end, and the other end is fixedly connected to the first base. The first electrode and the second electrode pass through the first base. The ends of the first electrode and the second electrode that extend into the first shield are respectively fixedly connected to the two opposite outer walls of the first sleeve. The first filament is inserted into the first sleeve. The second electron gun also includes a second base, a second shield, a second sleeve, a third electrode, and a fourth electrode. One end of the second shield is formed as the second emitting end, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second base. The third electrode and the fourth electrode pass through the second base. The ends of the third electrode and the fourth electrode that extend into the second shield are respectively fixedly connected to the two opposite outer walls of the second sleeve. The second filament is inserted into the second sleeve.
4. The microchannel plate bidirectional electronic cleaning device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first sleeve and / or the second sleeve are made of graphite.
5. The microchannel plate bidirectional electronic cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage commutator includes a rotary switch and a first relay, a second relay, a third relay, a fourth relay, and a fifth relay whose control terminals are electrically connected to the rotary switch. The first terminals of the first relay, the second relay, the third relay, the fourth relay, and the fifth relay are respectively formed as the first input terminal, the second input terminal, the third input terminal, the fourth input terminal, and the fifth input terminal; The third terminal of the first relay and the second terminal of the fifth relay are electrically connected to form the first output terminal; the second terminal of the first relay and the third terminal of the fifth relay are electrically connected to form the fifth output terminal; the third terminal of the second relay and the second terminal of the fourth relay are electrically connected to form the second output terminal; the second terminal of the second relay and the third terminal of the fifth relay are electrically connected to form the fourth output terminal; and the second terminal of the third relay and the third terminal of the third relay are electrically connected to form the third output terminal. The rotary switch is used to control the first terminal of the first relay, the second relay, the third relay, the fourth relay, and the fifth relay to switch between being electrically connected to the second terminal and being electrically connected to the third terminal.
6. The microchannel plate bidirectional electronic cleaning device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The negative voltage ranges from -350V to -250V, the first positive voltage ranges from 650V to 750V, and the second positive voltage ranges from 1350V to 1450V.