A battery, a battery module including the same, and an electric device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of batteries, comprising: shell, the shell is composed of several wall structures, several wall structures are respectively surrounded and formed: the first cavity in the bottom of the shell, the second cavity in the top of the shell, and the third cavity in the top center of the shell;Part of the wall structure is provided with at least one through-hole, the through-hole is communicated with the third cavity and the second cavity;Roll core, the roll core is set in the first cavity;And spacer block, the spacer block is vertically slidably set in the third cavity by spring. The utility model constructs "repeatedly open and close spacer block-through hole" structure in the inside of battery, reconstructs the cavity of top space into "temporary gas storage", the cavity can further "buffer electrolyte", so that battery can realize "automatic exhaust when gas production or / and automatic liquid supplement when liquid deficiency" closed-loop management without external intervention in full life cycle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a device for directly converting chemical energy into electrical energy, and more particularly to a battery and a battery module and electrical equipment including the battery. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the rapid development of new energy vehicles, portable electronic devices, and energy storage systems, lithium-ion batteries have become the mainstream power and energy storage source due to their advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life, and no memory effect. Among them, cylindrical lithium-ion batteries (hereinafter referred to as "cylindrical batteries") occupy an important position in the power battery market due to their high degree of automation, excellent consistency, and low cost. However, cylindrical batteries still face the following two common challenges under long-cycle and high-rate operating conditions: First, during formation and subsequent cycling, side reactions continuously occur at the electrode / electrolyte interface (such as SEI film reconstruction, positive electrode oxygen release, and electrolyte oxidative decomposition), generating gases such as CO2, CO, CH4, and C2H4. The cylindrical battery casing is made of rigid steel or aluminum, preventing timely venting of internal gases, leading to increased internal pressure and casing bulging. When the bulging exceeds the casing's pressure limit, the safety valve may crack or even the casing may rupture, causing electrolyte leakage. In extreme cases, this can trigger thermal runaway, leading to fires, explosions, and other safety accidents.

[0003] Secondly, the electrolyte is the sole medium for lithium-ion migration. To ensure high-rate performance, the initial electrolyte injection volume for cylindrical batteries is strictly limited (typically less than 2.5g Ah). -1 As the cycle continues, the electrolyte is continuously consumed in film formation, side reactions, and interface repair. The liquid level gradually decreases, the electrode becomes insufficiently wetted, the interfacial impedance surges, and the capacity exhibits a "plunge-like" decay.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a battery and battery modules and electrical equipment that include it. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to address the shortcomings of the existing technology by providing a battery, a battery module therein, and electrical equipment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: The first aspect of this utility model is to provide a battery, comprising: The housing is composed of several wall structures, which respectively enclose a first cavity at the bottom of the housing, a second cavity at the top of the housing, and a third cavity at the center of the top of the housing; at least one through hole is provided on some of the wall structures, and the through hole connects the third cavity and the second cavity; The winding core, wherein the winding core is disposed within the first cavity; and An isolation block is vertically and slidably disposed within the third cavity by means of a spring; The spring has an initial state and a compressed state: When the spring is in its initial state, the isolation block completely separates the third cavity from the first cavity; When the spring is in a compressed state, the isolation block exposes at least one of the through holes so that the first cavity communicates with the second cavity through the third cavity.

[0007] Preferably, it further includes: An initial electrolyte is disposed within the first cavity; wherein... The gas generated by the electrochemical reaction between the initial electrolyte and the winding core in the first cavity can drive the isolation block to move towards the top of the housing to expose at least one of the through holes, through which the gas enters the second cavity from the first cavity.

[0008] Preferably, it further includes: A supplemental electrolyte is provided within the second cavity; wherein... The replenished electrolyte enters the third cavity from the second cavity through the through-hole, and the replenished electrolyte in the third cavity can drive the isolation block to move away from the top of the housing; or / and, When the through-hole is exposed, the replenished electrolyte enters the first cavity from the second cavity through the through-hole.

[0009] Preferably, the wall structure surrounding the third cavity has at least one row of through holes, and each row of through holes consists of a plurality of through holes.

[0010] Preferably, the through holes in adjacent columns are arranged in an alternating pattern.

[0011] Preferably, the distance between adjacent through holes is the same.

[0012] The second aspect of this utility model is to provide a battery module, comprising: the battery as described above.

[0013] A third aspect of this utility model is to provide an electrical device, comprising: a battery as described above, or a battery module as described above.

[0014] The present invention adopts the above technical solution and has the following technical effects compared with the prior art: This invention constructs a "repeatedly openable and closable isolation block-through hole" structure inside the battery, transforming the top space into a cavity that can "temporarily store gas". This cavity can also further "buffer electrolyte", thereby enabling the battery to achieve closed-loop management of "automatic venting when gas is generated or / and automatic replenishment when electrolyte is low" throughout its entire life cycle without external intervention. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the axial sectional view of the battery in this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A magnified schematic diagram of the partial structure at point A in the middle; The reference numerals in the figures include: Shell 1; First bottom wall structure 101; Second bottom wall structure 102; Top wall structure 103; First curved wall structure 104; Second curved wall structure 105; Second cavity 106; Third cavity 107; Through hole 11; Core 2; Isolation block 3; Spring 31. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below.

[0017] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used in the claims and description shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this utility model pertains.

[0018] The word "comprising" or similar terms used in this utility model patent application specification and claims mean that the objects preceding "comprising" include the objects listed after "comprising" or their equivalents, and do not exclude other objects.

[0019] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a battery, including: Housing 1, which is composed of several wall structures; The plurality of wall structures include at least: a first bottom wall structure 101, a second bottom wall structure 102, a top wall structure 103, a first curved wall structure 104, and a second curved wall structure 105; the bottoms of the first bottom wall structure 101, the second bottom wall structure 102, and the first curved wall structure 104 form a first cavity located at the bottom of the housing 1; the periphery of the second bottom wall structure 102 and the top wall structure 103, the top of the first curved wall structure 104, and the second curved wall structure 105 form a second cavity 106 located at the top of the housing 1; the center of the top wall structure 103 and the second curved wall structure 105 form a third cavity 107 located at the center of the top of the housing 1; As shown in the figure, a connecting hole is provided in the center of the second bottom wall structure 102, and the connecting hole connects the third cavity 107 and the first cavity; Meanwhile, at least one row of through holes is provided on the second curved wall structure 105. Each row of through holes is composed of a number of through holes 11, and the through holes 11 in adjacent rows of through holes are arranged alternately. The distance between adjacent through holes 11 is the same. The through holes 11 connect the third cavity 107 and the second cavity 106. Core 2, wherein the core 2 is disposed within the first cavity; An initial electrolyte is disposed within the first cavity; The electrolyte is replenished and disposed within the second cavity 106; and The isolation block 3 is vertically slidably disposed within the third cavity 107 by means of a spring 31; The spring 31 has an initial state and a compressed state: like Figure 2 As shown, when the spring 31 is in its initial state, the replenishing electrolyte enters the third cavity 107 from the second cavity 106 through the through hole 11. The replenishing electrolyte in the third cavity 107 can drive the isolation block 3 to move away from the top of the housing 1. At this time, the isolation block 3 is located at the connecting hole to completely separate the third cavity 107 from the first cavity. The gas generated by the electrochemical reaction between the initial electrolyte and the core 2 in the first cavity can drive the separator 3 to move towards the top of the housing 1. At this time, the spring 31 is in a compressed state, and the separator 3 exposes at least one of the through holes 11 so that the first cavity is connected to the second cavity 106 through the third cavity 107. The gas enters the second cavity 106 from the first cavity through the through hole 11, thereby reducing the bulging of the housing 1 and preventing the safety valve from cracking prematurely or the housing 1 from plastic deformation. The supplementary electrolyte enters the first cavity from the second cavity 106 through the through hole 11, thereby wetting the electrode and the separator, extending the effective electrolyte weight, and significantly improving the capacity retention rate of the battery after long cycles under high rate and high temperature conditions.

[0020] In some preferred embodiments, the battery is a cylindrical battery.

[0021] Example 2 This embodiment provides a battery module, including: the battery as described in Embodiment 1.

[0022] Example 3 This embodiment provides an electrical device, including: a battery as described in Embodiment 1, or a battery module as described in Embodiment 2.

[0023] In summary, this utility model constructs a "repeatedly openable and closable isolation block-through hole" structure inside the battery, transforming the top space into a cavity capable of "temporarily storing gas". This cavity can also further "buffer electrolyte", thereby enabling the battery to achieve closed-loop management of "automatic venting when gas is generated or / and automatic replenishment when electrolyte is low" throughout its entire life cycle without external intervention.

[0024] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and does not limit the implementation method and protection scope of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should realize that all solutions obtained by equivalent substitutions and obvious changes made based on the description and illustrations of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A battery, characterized in that, include: The housing (1) is composed of several wall structures, which respectively enclose and form: a first cavity at the bottom of the housing (1), a second cavity (106) at the top of the housing (1), and a third cavity (107) at the center of the top of the housing (1); at least one through hole (11) is provided on some of the wall structures, and the through hole (11) connects the third cavity (107) and the second cavity (106). Core (2), said core (2) being disposed within the first cavity; and An isolation block (3) is vertically and slidably disposed within the third cavity (107) by means of a spring (31); The spring (31) has an initial state and a compressed state: When the spring (31) is in its initial state, the isolation block (3) completely separates the third cavity (107) from the first cavity; When the spring (31) is in a compressed state, the isolation block (3) exposes at least one of the through holes (11) so that the first cavity is connected to the second cavity (106) through the third cavity (107).

2. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: An initial electrolyte is disposed within the first cavity; wherein... The gas generated by the electrochemical reaction between the initial electrolyte and the core (2) in the first cavity can drive the isolation block (3) to move toward the top of the housing (1) to expose at least one of the through holes (11), and the gas enters the second cavity (106) from the first cavity through the through hole (11).

3. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: A supplemental electrolyte is provided, wherein the supplemental electrolyte is disposed within the second cavity (106); wherein, The replenishing electrolyte enters the third cavity (107) from the second cavity (106) through the through hole (11), and the replenishing electrolyte in the third cavity (107) can drive the isolation block (3) to move away from the top of the housing (1); or / and, When the through hole (11) is exposed, the replenished electrolyte enters the first cavity from the second cavity (106) through the through hole (11).

4. The battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wall structure that forms the third cavity (107) has at least one row of through holes, each row of through holes consisting of a plurality of through holes (11).

5. The battery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The through holes (11) in adjacent columns of through holes are arranged in an alternating pattern.

6. The battery according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that, The distance between adjacent through holes (11) is the same.

7. A battery module, characterized in that, include: The battery as described in any one of claims 1-6.

8. An electrical appliance, characterized in that, include: The battery as described in any one of claims 1-6, or the battery module as described in claim 7.

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