Buffering thermal insulation pad, battery module, battery pack and vehicle
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522145046.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-23
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-10-10
AI Technical Summary
[0003]现有的隔热垫只具有隔热作用，但是压缩性能较差，同时为保证电芯的膨胀间隙，电芯大面与隔热垫之间需保留空气间隙，对电芯的循环寿命存在影响
[0021]本实用新型提供的缓冲隔热垫、电池模组、电池包及车辆，缓冲隔热垫布置在相邻电芯大面之间，单个电芯热失控时，缓冲隔热垫的隔热层能够起到隔热的作用，避免相邻电芯发生热失控，能够保证热失控时的隔热性能，同时保证电池使用的全生命周期，缓冲隔热垫的缓冲层能够直接与电芯进行接触，在电芯膨胀后，缓冲层被压缩可以给电芯提供反弹力保证电池的使用寿命，如此缓冲隔热垫即起到了隔热作用还为电芯提供一定的反弹力。
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Figure CN224889707U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a buffer heat insulation pad, a battery module, a battery pack, and a vehicle. Background Technology
[0002] The safety and stability of new energy vehicles have always been a focus of attention. Therefore, improving the safety of new energy vehicles will be one of the key factors determining their rapid popularization. As the main component of the battery pack in new energy vehicles, improving the safety of the battery module is an important way to improve the overall safety of the vehicle. Battery modules are generally composed of a varying number of battery cells connected in series or parallel, with a module frame surrounding the battery and providing a fixing device for the module.
[0003] Existing heat insulation pads only provide heat insulation, but have poor compression performance. In addition, to ensure the expansion gap of the battery cell, an air gap must be maintained between the large surface of the battery cell and the heat insulation pad, which affects the cycle life of the battery cell.
[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a cushioning and heat insulation pad to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a buffer heat insulation pad, a battery module, a battery pack, and a vehicle that can improve the compression performance of the buffer heat insulation pad.
[0006] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:
[0007] A buffer heat insulation pad is provided, installed between two adjacent battery cells, comprising:
[0008] The buffer frame has mounting through holes, with the two ends of the mounting through holes facing two adjacent battery cells respectively;
[0009] The heat insulation layer is located inside the mounting through hole;
[0010] A buffer layer is provided on both sides of the heat insulation layer.
[0011] As an optional technical solution for the aforementioned buffer and heat insulation pad, the spacing between two adjacent battery cells is set as follows: The thickness of the buffer frame is ,in .
[0012] As an optional technical solution for the aforementioned buffer and heat insulation pad, the spacing between two adjacent battery cells is set as follows: The thickness of the buffer layer is ,in .
[0013] As an optional technical solution for the aforementioned buffer and heat insulation pad, the spacing between two adjacent battery cells is set as follows: The thickness of the heat insulation layer is ,in .
[0014] As an optional technical solution for the aforementioned buffer insulation pad, the total thickness of the insulation layer and the buffer layers located on both sides of the insulation layer is set to be... ,in .
[0015] As an optional technical solution for the aforementioned buffer and heat insulation pad, the buffer layer protrudes from the buffer frame.
[0016] As an optional technical solution for the aforementioned buffer and heat insulation pad, along the direction perpendicular to the large surface of the battery cell, the projected area of the heat insulation layer on the large surface of the battery cell is greater than or equal to the projected area of the buffer layer on the large surface of the battery cell.
[0017] A battery module is provided, including multiple battery cells and the aforementioned buffer heat insulation pad, wherein the buffer heat insulation pad is disposed between adjacent battery cells.
[0018] A battery pack is provided, including the battery module described above.
[0019] A vehicle is provided, including the battery pack described above.
[0020] This utility model has at least the following beneficial effects:
[0021] The buffer heat insulation pad, battery module, battery pack, and vehicle provided by this utility model are arranged between the large surfaces of adjacent battery cells. When a single battery cell experiences thermal runaway, the heat insulation layer of the buffer heat insulation pad can play a role in heat insulation, preventing adjacent battery cells from experiencing thermal runaway. This ensures the heat insulation performance during thermal runaway and guarantees the entire life cycle of the battery. The buffer layer of the buffer heat insulation pad can directly contact the battery cell. After the battery cell expands, the buffer layer is compressed, which can provide a rebound force to the battery cell and ensure the battery's service life. In this way, the buffer heat insulation pad not only plays a role in heat insulation but also provides a certain rebound force to the battery cell. Attached Figure Description
[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the embodiments of this utility model and these drawings without creative effort.
[0023] Figure 1An exploded view of the buffer heat insulation pad provided in the embodiment of this utility model;
[0024] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the buffer heat insulation pad provided in an embodiment of this utility model;
[0025] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the battery module provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
[0026] In the picture:
[0027] 10. Buffer and heat insulation pad; 20. Battery cell;
[0028] 1. Buffer frame; 11. Mounting through hole; 2. Heat insulation layer; 3. Buffer layer. Detailed Implementation
[0029] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. The terms "first position" and "second position" refer to two different positions. Moreover, "above," "on top of," and "over" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly above and diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "under," and "below" the first feature in relation to the second feature includes the first feature directly below and diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.
[0031] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.
[0032] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model.
[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a buffer heat insulation pad 10, which is installed between and sandwiched between two adjacent battery cells 20. The buffer heat insulation pad 10 includes a buffer frame 1, a heat insulation layer 2, and a buffer layer 3. The buffer frame 1 has a mounting through hole 11, with the two ends of the mounting through hole 11 facing the two adjacent battery cells 20 respectively. The heat insulation layer 2 is located inside the mounting through hole 11. Buffer layers 3 are respectively provided on both sides of the heat insulation layer 2.
[0034] The buffer heat insulation pad 10 is arranged between the large surfaces of adjacent battery cells 20. When a single battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, the heat insulation layer 2 of the buffer heat insulation pad 10 can play a role in heat insulation, preventing adjacent battery cells 20 from experiencing thermal runaway. This ensures the heat insulation performance during thermal runaway and guarantees the entire life cycle of the battery. The buffer layer 3 of the buffer heat insulation pad 10 can directly contact the battery cell 20. After the battery cell 20 expands, the buffer layer 3 is compressed, which can provide a rebound force to the battery cell 20 to ensure the battery's lifespan. In this way, the buffer heat insulation pad 10 not only plays a role in heat insulation but also provides a certain rebound force to the battery cell 20.
[0035] The buffer frame 1 is made of silicone, which has good high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and aging resistance, as well as excellent cushioning and shock absorption performance. The buffer frame 1 is square, and correspondingly, the mounting through hole 11 is also square.
[0036] Specifically, the heat insulation layer 2 is embedded in the mounting through hole 11, thereby fixing the heat insulation layer 2. In some other embodiments, the heat insulation layer 2 can be connected to the buffer frame 1 by adhesive.
[0037] In some embodiments, the spacing between two adjacent cells 20 is set to The thickness of buffer frame 1 is ,in .
[0038] For example, The possible values are 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 Or 1.5 In this embodiment, there are no specific limitations.
[0039] The thickness of buffer frame 1 is at least greater than or equal to This allows the buffer frame 1 to be clamped between the gaps of two adjacent battery cells 20, and the battery cells 20 always remain in close contact with the buffer frame 1. In this way, the buffer frame 1 provides an initial preload force to the periphery of the battery cells 20 when the battery cells 20 are stacked into a group, while ensuring the gap of the large surface of the battery cells 20.
[0040] In some embodiments, the spacing between two adjacent cells 20 is set to The thickness of buffer layer 3 is ,in .
[0041] For example, the thickness of buffer layer 3 is 0.1. 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 or No specific limitations are made in this embodiment. The unit is mm.
[0042] The above solution avoids the buffer layer 3 from providing elastic force to the expansion area of the battery cell 20, and also avoids the buffer layer 3 from being too thick to place the buffer heat insulation pad 10 between adjacent battery cells 20.
[0043] The buffer layer 3 possesses certain compressibility and collapses when the battery cell 20 expands. During battery cell 20 cycling, it provides an initial large-area preload to the battery cell 20, ensuring its cycle life. The buffer layer 3 is made of a buffer material with a compressibility ≥50%, a flame retardancy rating of UL94-V0, and a rebound force ≤0.7 MPa. The buffer frame 1 is also made of a buffer material. The material used to make the buffer frame 1 has lower compressibility and higher hardness than the buffer material used to make the buffer layer 3, providing effective support and containment for the buffer layer 3 and the insulation layer 2.
[0044] For example, the material of the buffer layer 3 can be foam, silicone rubber, silicone rubber composite polyurethane, polypropylene, melamine, etc. This embodiment does not impose specific limitations on this.
[0045] Collapse can refer to the situation where the force exerted on the buffer layer 3 reaches a threshold value, causing the buffer layer 3 to collapse and its thickness to decrease from the initial thickness a0 to a first thickness a1. The threshold value of the buffer layer 3 can be a strength threshold, such as the maximum strength of the buffer layer 3; or a corrosion resistance threshold, such as the maximum corrosion resistance performance of the buffer layer 3. This threshold value can be set according to actual conditions, and this embodiment does not impose specific limitations on it.
[0046] During the first stage of cell 20 expansion, buffer layer 3 does not collapse; that is, during the first period, buffer layer 3 can rebound after being compressed. For example, buffer layer 3 is compressed during the charging process of cell 20 and rebounds during the discharging process of cell 20, returning to its original thickness.
[0047] In the second stage of cell 20 expansion, after the expansion force of cell 20 reaches the threshold of buffer layer 3, buffer layer 3 collapses, and its thickness becomes a1. Once the thickness of buffer layer 3 becomes a1 in the second stage, it cannot be restored.
[0048] By designing the buffer layer 3 to collapse during the expansion of the cell 20, the buffer layer 3's buffering effect is ensured in the first stage, guaranteeing uniform force on the surface where the cell 20 contacts the buffer layer 3. This prevents the cell 20 from being unable to receive uniform support from the buffer layer 3 due to rapid collapse. Furthermore, after the buffer layer 3 collapses, its thickness decreases, freeing up some of the space occupied by the buffer layer 3 for the cell 20, thus providing expansion space. This eliminates the need for additional expansion space reserved for the cell 20, which is beneficial for improving volumetric energy density.
[0049] In some embodiments, the spacing between two adjacent cells 20 is set to The thickness of insulation layer 2 is ,in .
[0050] For example, Possible values , or In this embodiment, no specific limitations are made.
[0051] The above solution can ensure the heat insulation effect of the heat insulation layer 2. The heat insulation layer 2 is made of heat insulation material and has a thermal conductivity of ≤0.02W / (m*K). When a single cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, it plays a role in heat insulation and prevents adjacent cells 20 from experiencing thermal runaway.
[0052] The heat insulation layer 2 is a polymer matrix composite fiberboard. The polymer matrix composite fiberboard is made of polymer material as matrix and fiber as reinforcement. It has the advantages of high temperature resistance, high strength and not easy to deform.
[0053] Optionally, in the embodiments of this application, the polymer matrix composite fiberboard is a fiber-reinforced resin composite board.
[0054] In some embodiments, the total thickness of the heat insulation layer 2 and the buffer layers 3 located on both sides of the heat insulation layer 2 is set to... ,in .
[0055] The above solution provides a rebound force to the large surface area of the battery cell 20, preventing the battery cell 20 from failing to expand due to its large overall thickness. For example, the total thickness of the heat insulation layer 2 and the buffer layers 3 located on both sides of the heat insulation layer 2... Possible values , , or In this embodiment, no specific limitations are made.
[0056] In some embodiments, the buffer layer 3 protrudes from the buffer frame 1. That is, part of the buffer layer 3 is located inside the mounting through hole 11, and part is located outside the mounting through hole 11, or the buffer layer 3 is located outside the mounting through hole 11.
[0057] The above solution can prevent the deformation of the battery cell 20 from contacting the buffer layer 3, thus ensuring that the buffer layer 3 can be clamped by the adjacent battery cell 20 and the deformation of the battery cell 20 is small.
[0058] Specifically, the total thickness of the insulation layer 2 and the buffer layers 3 located on both sides of the insulation layer 2 is set to be , .
[0059] For example, the total thickness of the insulation layer 2 and the buffer layers 3 located on both sides of the insulation layer 2 Possible values , , , , or In this embodiment, no specific limitations are made. The total thickness of the heat insulation layer 2 and the buffer layer 3 is... for In this way, the buffer layer 3 can contact the expanded surface of the battery cell 20 after thermal runaway, preventing excessive expansion of the surface and affecting the cycle life of the battery cell 20. The total thickness of the heat insulation layer 2 and the buffer layer 3... for At the same time, the buffer layer 3 can press against the large surface of the battery cell 20 to prevent the large surface from expanding too much, reduce the expansion of the battery cell 20, provide a certain rebound force for the battery cell 20, and ensure the cycle life of the battery cell 20.
[0060] In some embodiments, along the direction perpendicular to the large surface of the cell 20, the projected area of the heat insulation layer 2 on the large surface of the cell 20 is greater than or equal to the projected area of the buffer layer 3 on the large surface of the cell 20.
[0061] It should be noted that the heat insulation layer 2 and the buffer layer 3 have the same shape. The central axis of the heat insulation layer 2 along the thickness direction is coaxial with the central axis of the buffer layer 3 along the thickness direction. In addition, the central axis of the large surface of the battery cell 20 is coaxial with the central axis of the heat insulation layer 2 along the thickness direction. This can buffer the parts of the battery cell 20 that are prone to expansion.
[0062] The area of buffer box 1 is The area of the mounting through hole 11 is ,in When the large surface of the battery cell 20 expands, the expansion mainly occurs in the middle of the large surface. Therefore, limiting the area of the mounting through hole 11 can ensure that the buffer frame 1 has an initial preload on the battery cell 20.
[0063] It should be noted that the battery cell 20 may include lithium-ion secondary battery cells, lithium-ion primary battery cells, lithium-sulfur battery cells, sodium-lithium-ion battery cells, sodium-ion battery cells, or magnesium-ion battery cells, etc., and this embodiment is not limited to this. The battery cell 20 may be cylindrical, flat, cuboid, or other shapes, etc., and this embodiment is not limited to this either. The battery cell 20 is generally divided into three types according to the packaging method: cylindrical battery cells, square battery cells, and pouch battery cells, and this embodiment is not limited to this either.
[0064] The manufacturing process of this cushioning and heat insulation pad is as follows:
[0065] First, form and cut the buffer frame 1 with the mounting through hole 11, and cut the buffer layer 3, the heat insulation layer 2 and at least two double-sided tapes. Then, embed the heat insulation layer 2 into the mounting through hole 11. Next, stick the double-sided tape to the corresponding buffer layer 3, and then peel off the release paper to obtain the double-sided adhesive layer and stick it to both sides of the corresponding heat insulation layer 2 to obtain the buffer heat insulation pad 10.
[0066] This embodiment also provides a battery module, such as Figure 3 As shown, the battery module includes multiple battery cells 20 and a buffer heat insulation pad 10 provided in the above embodiment, with the buffer heat insulation pad 10 disposed between adjacent battery cells 20.
[0067] Since the battery module includes a buffer heat insulation pad 10, which is arranged between the large surfaces of adjacent cells 20, when a single cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, the heat insulation layer 2 of the buffer heat insulation pad 10 can play a role in heat insulation, preventing adjacent cells 20 from experiencing thermal runaway and ensuring heat insulation performance during thermal runaway. At the same time, it ensures that throughout the entire life cycle of the battery, the buffer layer 3 of the buffer heat insulation pad 10 can directly contact the cell 20. After the cell 20 expands, the buffer layer 3 is compressed, which can provide a rebound force to the cell 20 to ensure the battery's service life. In this way, the buffer heat insulation pad 10 not only plays a role in heat insulation but also provides a certain rebound force to the cell 20.
[0068] The battery module may include multiple battery cells 20, which can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner. A mixed connection refers to a combination of series and parallel connections. Optionally, the multiple battery cells 20 can be connected in series, in parallel, or in a mixed manner to form the battery module.
[0069] This embodiment also provides a battery pack, which includes the battery module provided in the above embodiment.
[0070] Since the battery pack includes a buffer heat insulation pad 10, which is arranged between the large surfaces of adjacent cells 20, when a single cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, the heat insulation layer 2 of the buffer heat insulation pad 10 can play a role in heat insulation, preventing adjacent cells 20 from experiencing thermal runaway and ensuring heat insulation performance during thermal runaway. At the same time, it ensures that throughout the entire life cycle of the battery, the buffer layer 3 of the buffer heat insulation pad 10 can directly contact the cell 20. After the cell 20 expands, the buffer layer 3 is compressed, which can provide a rebound force to the cell 20 to ensure the battery's service life. In this way, the buffer heat insulation pad 10 not only plays a role in heat insulation but also provides a certain rebound force to the cell 20.
[0071] This embodiment also provides a vehicle, which includes the battery pack provided in the above embodiment.
[0072] A battery is composed of multiple battery modules connected in series, parallel, or in a mixed configuration.
[0073] Since the vehicle includes a buffer heat insulation pad 10, which is arranged between the large surfaces of adjacent battery cells 20, when a single battery cell 20 experiences thermal runaway, the heat insulation layer 2 of the buffer heat insulation pad 10 can play a role in heat insulation, preventing adjacent battery cells 20 from experiencing thermal runaway and ensuring heat insulation performance during thermal runaway. At the same time, it ensures that throughout the entire life cycle of the battery, the buffer layer 3 of the buffer heat insulation pad 10 can directly contact the battery cell 20. After the battery cell 20 expands, the buffer layer 3 is compressed, which can provide a rebound force to the battery cell 20 to ensure the battery's lifespan. In this way, the buffer heat insulation pad 10 not only plays a role in heat insulation but also provides a certain rebound force to the battery cell 20.
[0074] Obviously, the above embodiments of this utility model are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present utility model, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of the claims of this utility model.
Claims
1. A buffer heat insulation pad, installed between two adjacent battery cells (20), characterized in that, include: The buffer frame (1) has a mounting through hole (11), the two ends of which open toward the two adjacent cells (20); The heat insulation layer (2) is located inside the mounting through hole (11); The buffer layer (3) is provided on both sides of the heat insulation layer (2).
2. The cushioning and heat-insulating pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between two adjacent cells (20) is set as The thickness of the buffer frame (1) is ,in .
3. The cushioning and heat-insulating pad according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacing between two adjacent cells (20) is set as The thickness of the buffer layer (3) is ,in .
4. The cushioning and heat-insulating pad according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The spacing between two adjacent cells (20) is set as The thickness of the heat insulation layer (2) is ,in .
5. The cushioning and heat-insulating pad according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The total thickness of the heat insulation layer (2) and the buffer layers (3) located on both sides of the heat insulation layer (2) is set to be ,in .
6. The cushioning and heat-insulating pad according to claim 5, characterized in that, The buffer layer (3) protrudes from the buffer frame (1).
7. The cushioning and heat-insulating pad according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, Along the direction perpendicular to the large surface of the battery cell (20), the projected area of the heat insulation layer (2) on the large surface of the battery cell (20) is greater than or equal to the projected area of the buffer layer (3) on the large surface of the battery cell (20).
8. A battery module, characterized in that, It includes a plurality of battery cells (20) and a buffer heat insulation pad (10) according to any one of claims 1-7, the buffer heat insulation pad (10) being disposed between adjacent battery cells (20).
9. A battery pack, characterized in that, Includes the battery module of claim 8.
10. A vehicle, characterized in that, The battery pack includes that of claim 9.