Lightweight wideband GNSS antenna

Abstract

The utility model relates to antenna equipment technical field discloses a kind of light weight broadband GNSS antennas, comprising: shell, including the upper cover and lower cover that are buckled together, side wall is equipped with the transmission line that is connected inside and outside;Circuit board, fixed in shell, connected with transmission line;Mounting bracket, for rectangular hollow half shell, fixed on circuit board, including limiting portion, rectangular first support part and four second support parts, limiting portion is arranged between first support part and circuit board, four second support parts one end is connected in the side wall of first support part, the other end is connected on circuit board, second support part is formed with the limiting slot of open towards circuit board;Radiating unit, fixed on the upper surface of first support part;Feed unit, be in limiting portion, two ends are respectively connected radiating unit and circuit board;Parasitic unit, for T-shaped piece, insert in limiting slot, with radiating unit coupling, lower end is connected with circuit board.The antenna has the characteristics of small size, light weight and broadband.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna equipment technology, specifically to a lightweight broadband GNSS antenna. Background Technology

[0002] GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) antennas, as receiving antennas in global satellite navigation systems, can be used for high-precision positioning and play a particularly important role in new energy vehicles, intelligent vehicles, and autonomous driving. A GNSS antenna mainly consists of a ceramic antenna (also known as a dielectric antenna) and a connected low-noise amplifier. The ceramic antenna receives satellite signals, and the low-noise amplifier amplifies the signal, compensates for signal attenuation during transmission, and improves the signal-to-noise ratio. The performance of this type of antenna mainly depends on the ceramic antenna. Currently, there are multiple satellite navigation system suppliers, such as the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) and the Global Positioning System (GPS), each operating in different frequency bands. For a GNSS antenna to be compatible with these navigation systems, it needs to have a wide operating frequency band, meaning it can receive satellite signals across a broad range of frequencies.

[0003] Ceramic antennas are relatively expensive to manufacture and have limited bandwidth due to their material properties. Improving this aspect to extend the bandwidth would be costly and significantly increase the antenna's size, failing to meet the miniaturization and weight reduction requirements of automotive components. Using traditional metal elements as the antenna body, however, can easily lead to detachment from the mainboard due to vibrations during vehicle operation. Utility Model Content

[0004] This utility model was made to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and one of its objectives is to provide a broadband GNSS antenna that is smaller in size and lighter in weight.

[0005] According to one embodiment of the present invention, a lightweight broadband GNSS antenna is provided, comprising: a housing, including an upper cover and a lower cover fastened together, with a transmission line connecting the inside and outside of the housing on the side wall; a circuit board, fixed inside the housing and connected to the transmission line; a mounting bracket, which is a rectangular hollow semi-shell fixed on the circuit board, including a limiting part, a rectangular first support part and four second support parts, the limiting part being disposed between the first support part and the circuit board, one end of the four second support parts being connected to the side wall of the first support part and the other end being connected to the circuit board, and a limiting slit forming an opening facing the circuit board on the second support part; a radiating element, fixed on the upper surface of the first support part; a feeding unit, disposed in the limiting part, with both ends connected to the radiating element and the circuit board respectively; and a parasitic element, which is a T-shaped piece inserted in the limiting slit and coupled to the feeding unit, with its lower end connected to the circuit board.

[0006] In one embodiment, the limiting portion has cross-shaped limiting strip holes, and the power supply unit passes through the limiting strip holes.

[0007] In one embodiment, the radiating unit includes four radiators arranged sequentially along the circumference of the feeding unit, the radiators being attached to the first support portion; the feeding unit includes two cross-arranged, plate-shaped feeding bodies, the upper ends of the feeding bodies being connected to the two opposite radiators respectively, and the lower ends of the feeding bodies being connected to the circuit board.

[0008] In one embodiment, the main body of the radiator has a triangular structure with T-shaped and / or strip-shaped slots formed thereon; the length of the slots is 1 / 10λ-1 / 4λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the lightweight broadband GNSS antenna.

[0009] In one embodiment, the width of the limiting strip hole is greater than the width of the power supply unit, and a plurality of opposing protrusions are formed on the side wall inside the limiting strip hole, and the power supply unit is clamped between the opposing protrusions.

[0010] As one implementation, the sidewall of the limiting seam is formed with a limiting block, and the vertical distance between the limiting block and the top of the limiting seam is the same as the height of the parasitic unit head.

[0011] As one implementation, the lower end of the limiting block is provided with an inclined guide surface.

[0012] In one embodiment, two limiting blocks are formed in each limiting slit, and the two limiting blocks are respectively located on both sides of the parasitic unit.

[0013] In one embodiment, the first support part, the second support part, and the limiting part are an integral structure.

[0014] In one embodiment, the lower end of the mounting bracket is provided with a plurality of snap-fit ​​connectors, and the circuit board is provided with a plurality of snap-fit ​​holes opposite to the snap-fit ​​connectors, wherein the snap-fit ​​connectors snap into the snap-fit ​​holes.

[0015] Based on the above description and practical application, it is evident that this lightweight broadband GNSS antenna, by setting a mounting bracket between the circuit board and the radiating element, and placing the radiating element and feed element on the mounting bracket, can prevent the radiating element and feed element from detaching due to vibration during use, thus improving the stability of the lightweight broadband GNSS antenna structure. Compared to traditional ceramic antennas, this lightweight broadband GNSS antenna, by setting a separate radiating element, can maintain a lighter weight and smaller size while extending the bandwidth. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lightweight broadband GNSS antenna involved in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 and Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a lightweight broadband GNSS antenna according to one embodiment of the present invention from two different perspectives, which mainly shows the structure inside the outer shell.

[0018] Figure 4 This is an exploded view of the lightweight broadband GNSS antenna in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the mounting bracket in a lightweight broadband GNSS antenna according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 10. Outer shell; 11. Top cover; 12. Bottom cover; 13. Transmission line; 14. Circuit board; 15. Shielding frame; 16. Shielding cover; 20. Mounting bracket; 21. First support part; 22. Second support part; 23. Limiting part; 24. Limiting slot; 25. Limiting strip hole; 26. Protrusion; 27. Limiting block; 271. Guide surface; 31. Radiation unit; 311. Radiator; 32. Feeding unit; 321. Feeder; 33. Parasitic unit; 41. Connector; 42. Connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0021] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be more comprehensive and complete, and will fully convey the concept of exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art. The described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0022] Furthermore, the accompanying drawings are merely illustrative of this disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar parts, and therefore repeated descriptions of them will be omitted. It should be noted that in this disclosure, the terms "comprising," "configured with," and "set in" are used to indicate an open-ended inclusion, meaning that additional elements / components / etc. may exist besides those listed; the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only as labels and are not intended to limit the number or order of objects; the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0023] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0024] According to one embodiment of this utility model, a lightweight broadband GNSS antenna is provided. Please refer to [reference needed]. Figures 1 to 5 The lightweight broadband GNSS antenna includes a housing 10, a transmission line 13, a circuit board 14, a mounting bracket 20, a radiating element 31, a feeding element 32, and a parasitic element 33.

[0025] The housing 10 includes an upper cover 11 and a lower cover 12 that are fastened together. These two covers can be bolted or ultrasonically welded together, forming an internal cavity to accommodate other structural components. The sidewalls of the housing 10 have through holes, within which a transmission line 13 is installed for signal transmission. For example, a FAKRA wiring harness can be used as the transmission line 13, enabling connection between devices inside and outside the housing 10, offering good high-frequency transmission performance and environmental adaptability.

[0026] The circuit board 14 is fixed inside the housing 10 and connected to the transmission line 13. For example, it can be bolted or soldered to the upper cover 11 or the lower cover 12. The mounting bracket 20 is a rectangular hollow semi-shell, fixed to the circuit board 14; for example, the two can be connected together by bolts, resulting in a relatively stable structure during use. The mounting bracket 20 includes a limiting part 23, a rectangular first support part 21, and four second support parts 22. The limiting part 23 is located between the first support part 21 and the circuit board 14, used to limit the position of the power supply unit 32, improving the structural stability of the power supply unit 32 during use. The four second support parts 22 are distributed around the outer periphery of the first support part 21, with the upper end of each second support part 22 connected to the side wall of the first support part 21 and the lower end connected to the circuit board 14. A limiting slot 24 with an opening facing the circuit board 14 is formed on each second support part 22.

[0027] The radiating element 31 is fixed to the upper surface of the first support 21. The feeding element 32 is disposed in the limiting part 23, with its upper end connected to the radiating element 31 and its lower end connected to the circuit board 14, enabling it to feed the radiating element 31. The parasitic element 33 is a T-shaped piece, with its head (i.e., the upper end) inserted into the limiting slot 24 and coupled to the radiating element 31. The lower end of the parasitic element 33 is connected to the circuit board 14. The clamping of the limiting slot 24 and the circuit board 14 can stably fix the parasitic element 33, making it less likely to fall off due to vibration during use, thus improving the stability of the antenna structure. The mounting bracket 20 is a hollow semi-shell structure, which obviously reduces weight compared to using a solid structure to support the feeding element 32 and the radiating element 31, such as a traditional ceramic antenna.

[0028] The radiating element 31 can be a metal vibrator, such as SUS304 stainless steel, which can be glued, snap-fitted, or welded to the mounting bracket 20. Compared to traditional ceramic antennas, it can maintain lower cost, size, and weight while extending bandwidth.

[0029] In this embodiment, the limiting part 23 is fixedly disposed on one side of the first support part 21 near the circuit board 14. The limiting part 23 has cross-shaped limiting slots 25, and the power supply unit 32 passes through the limiting slots 25. By providing the limiting slots 25, the power supply unit 32 can be securely disposed on the mounting bracket 20.

[0030] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the radiating unit 31 includes four radiators 311 arranged sequentially along the circumference of the feeding unit 32, and the radiators 311 are attached to the first support portion 21. The feeding unit 32 includes two cross-arranged, plate-shaped feeding bodies 321, the upper ends of which are connected to the two opposite radiators 311 respectively, and the lower ends of which are connected to the circuit board 14. The feeding unit 32 adopts a PCB structure, is made of FR-4 material, and is fixedly connected to each radiator 311. By means of the limiting strip holes 25, the stability of the radiating unit 31 on the first support portion 21 can be further improved.

[0031] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the width of the limiting strip hole 25 is greater than the width of the feeding unit 32. Several opposing protrusions 26 are formed on the sidewall inside the limiting strip hole 25, and the feeding unit 32 is sandwiched between these opposing protrusions 26. In this structure, the feeding unit 32 is not directly connected to the limiting strip hole 25, and a gap is reserved between them. When the antenna is working, compared to when the feeding unit 32 is attached to the limiting strip hole 25, the heat generated by the feeding unit 32 can be dissipated more effectively. This improves heat dissipation without reducing stability.

[0032] In this embodiment, to expand bandwidth and reduce size, the four radiators 311 are arranged in a triangular structure, combined to form a rectangular radiating unit 31, which can cover the surface of the first support 21 to the greatest extent, so as to expand bandwidth without significantly increasing volume. T-shaped and / or strip-shaped slots are formed on each radiator 311, with a slot length of 1 / 10λ-1 / 4λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the GNSS antenna. By setting these slots and utilizing the slots formed between adjacent radiators 311, the bandwidth can be adjusted to achieve the required bandwidth for the antenna.

[0033] Four parasitic elements 33 are provided, each disposed outside the four radiators 311. The upper end of the parasitic element 33 is coupled to the radiator 311, which can effectively suppress surface reverse current and thus effectively resist multipath interference. In addition, the parasitic element 33 can extend the ground plane, that is, increase the angular range of satellite signal reception, thereby expanding the bandwidth and improving the gain. Specifically, in this embodiment, the coupling gap between the parasitic element 33 and the radiating element 31 is 1 / 20λ-1 / 10λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the GNSS antenna. Within this size range, the antenna performance indicators can be maintained while the antenna size can be effectively controlled.

[0034] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the first support portion 21, the second support portion 22, and the limiting portion 23 are integral structures, for example, integrally molded by injection molding, which can further reduce weight and facilitate processing and manufacturing.

[0035] In this embodiment, the lower end of the mounting bracket 20 has a plurality of snap-fit ​​connectors 41, and the circuit board 14 has a plurality of snap-fit ​​holes 42 opposite to the snap-fit ​​connectors 41. The snap-fit ​​connectors 41 and the snap-fit ​​holes 42 are snapped together. This enables a quick and convenient connection between the mounting bracket 20 and the circuit board 14.

[0036] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a limiting block 27 is formed on the sidewall of the limiting slot 24, and the vertical distance between the limiting block 27 and the top of the limiting slot 24 is the same as the height of the head of the parasitic unit 33. When assembling the parasitic unit 33 on the mounting bracket 20, the head of the parasitic unit 33 is first inserted into the limiting slot 24 until the head of the parasitic unit 33 passes over the limiting block 27, at which point the lower end of the head of the parasitic unit 33 abuts against the limiting block 27. The limiting block 27 and the limiting slot 24 can clamp and fix the head of the parasitic unit 33, further improving the structural stability of the parasitic unit 33 during use.

[0037] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the lower end of the limiting block 27 is provided with an inclined guide surface 271. When the parasitic unit 33 is inserted into the limiting slot 24, the guide surface 271 can smoothly guide the parasitic unit 33 over the limiting block 27, and finally achieve the goal of locking the parasitic unit 33.

[0038] Furthermore, in this embodiment, two limiting blocks 27 are formed in each limiting slot 24, and the two limiting blocks 27 are respectively located on both sides of the parasitic unit 33. This can further improve the structural stability of the parasitic unit 33 during use.

[0039] In addition, in this embodiment, the antenna also includes a shielding frame 15 and a shielding cover 16 fixedly disposed on the side of the circuit board 14 away from the radiating unit 31. The shielding frame 15 and the shielding cover 16 are fixedly disposed on the lower side of the circuit board 14. In practical applications, this can prevent wireless signals generated by other electronic devices in the vehicle from interfering with the radiating unit 31, thereby improving the antenna's anti-interference capability.

[0040] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that this invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A lightweight broadband GNSS antenna, characterized in that, include: The housing includes an upper cover and a lower cover that snap together, and the side walls are provided with transmission lines connecting the inside and outside; The circuit board is fixed inside the housing and connected to the transmission line; The mounting bracket is a rectangular hollow semi-shell fixed on the circuit board. It includes a limiting part, a rectangular first support part, and four second support parts. The limiting part is located between the first support part and the circuit board. One end of each of the four second support parts is connected to the side wall of the first support part, and the other end is connected to the circuit board. A limiting slot with an opening facing the circuit board is formed on the second support part. The radiating unit is fixed on the upper surface of the first support portion; A power supply unit is disposed in the limiting part, with its two ends connected to the radiating unit and the circuit board, respectively. The parasitic unit is a T-shaped piece, inserted into the limiting slot, coupled to the radiation unit, and its lower end is connected to the circuit board.

2. The lightweight broadband GNSS antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting part has cross-shaped limiting strip holes, and the power supply unit passes through the limiting strip holes.

3. The lightweight broadband GNSS antenna as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The radiating unit includes four radiators arranged sequentially along the circumference of the feeding unit, and the radiators are attached to the first support portion; The power supply unit includes two plate-shaped power supply bodies arranged in a cross configuration. The upper ends of the power supply bodies are respectively connected to the two opposing radiators, and the lower ends of the power supply bodies are connected to the circuit board.

4. The lightweight broadband GNSS antenna as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The main body of the radiator has a triangular structure with T-shaped and / or strip-shaped slits formed thereon; The length of the slit is 1 / 10λ-1 / 4λ, where λ is the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the lightweight broadband GNSS antenna.

5. The lightweight broadband GNSS antenna as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The width of the limiting strip hole is greater than the width of the power supply unit. Several opposing protrusions are formed on the side wall inside the limiting strip hole, and the power supply unit is clamped between the opposing protrusions.

6. The lightweight broadband GNSS antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The sidewall of the limiting seam forms a limiting block, and the vertical distance between the limiting block and the top of the limiting seam is the same as the height of the head of the parasitic unit.

7. The lightweight broadband GNSS antenna as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The lower end of the limiting block is provided with an inclined guide surface.

8. The lightweight broadband GNSS antenna as described in claim 6, characterized in that, Two limiting blocks are formed in each limiting seam, and the two limiting blocks are respectively located on both sides of the parasitic unit.

9. The lightweight broadband GNSS antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The first support part, the second support part, and the limiting part are an integral structure.

10. The lightweight broadband GNSS antenna as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the mounting bracket has several snap-fit ​​connectors, and the circuit board has several snap-fit ​​holes opposite to the snap-fit ​​connectors. The snap-fit ​​connectors snap into the snap-fit ​​holes.

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