A multi-battery cabinet parallel control box

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of multiple battery cabinet parallel control box.The multiple battery cabinet parallel control box includes controller, system power supply, multiple battery cabinet interface, charger interface and supporting circuit.System power supply takes electricity from battery cabinet or charger through the isolation voltage reduction circuit of each interface.Each battery cabinet interface corresponds a set of isolation voltage detection circuit, isolation voltage reduction circuit and charge-discharge switch circuit.Controller controls the on-off of charge-discharge switch circuit through isolation drive circuit, realizes the independent charge-discharge management of each battery cabinet.Charger interface loop is connected with total current detection circuit in series, and is equipped with parallel charge current limiting circuit.Optimally, each charge-discharge switch circuit is also provided with pre-charge circuit to suppress power-on impact.The utility model realizes the modularization, high isolation and fine management of multiple battery cabinet parallel system, improves the safety, reliability and flexibility of system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery management technology, and in particular to a multi-battery cabinet parallel control box for parallel charging and discharging management of multiple battery cabinets. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing demand for power storage in scenarios such as energy storage power stations and data centers, multiple standardized battery cabinets are often used in parallel to provide sufficient capacity and power. In such parallel systems, a key issue is how to safely, efficiently, and independently manage the charging and discharging process of each battery cabinet, while ensuring the stability and reliability of the system's internal power supply and control. Existing parallel solutions are often structurally complex, lack effective electrical isolation and independent charging and discharging control, and struggle to flexibly handle the connection, disconnection, or failure of individual battery cabinets. Furthermore, they are prone to inrush currents upon power-up, affecting system lifespan and reliability.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need in this field for a new type of parallel control device that is highly integrated, has good security, and can perform fine-grained management of each battery cabinet. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology and provide a multi-battery cabinet parallel control box with a clear structure, safe and reliable control, and the ability to independently manage multiple battery cabinets.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A multi-battery cabinet parallel control box includes a box body, characterized in that a centralized control system based on a circuit board is installed inside the box body; the system includes a main controller circuit and multiple control execution units with identical structures; The system is equipped with multiple battery cabinet interfaces and one charger interface; Each battery cabinet interface corresponds to an independent control execution unit; the control execution unit includes an isolation voltage detection circuit, an isolation step-down circuit, an isolation drive circuit, a charge / discharge switch circuit, and a charging current limiting circuit; The charger interface corresponds to an independent charging port management unit, which includes an isolation voltage detection circuit and an isolation step-down circuit. The input terminals of each isolation step-down circuit are connected to the corresponding battery cabinet interface or charger interface, and their output terminals are connected in parallel through anti-reverse connection diodes to form a system power bus to power the main controller circuit and the isolation drive circuit. The electrical connection within the control execution unit is configured such that the main circuit of the charge / discharge switch circuit is connected in parallel with the main circuit of the charging current limiting circuit to form a parallel branch; one end of the parallel branch is connected to the negative power terminal of the corresponding battery cabinet interface, and the other end is connected to a common current detection bus; the current detection bus is connected in series with a total current detection circuit and then connected to the negative power terminal of the charger interface. The main controller circuit is connected to the control terminal signals of the isolation voltage detection circuit, isolation drive circuit, and charging current limiting circuit in each control execution unit.

[0006] Preferably, the total current detection circuit is a Hall current sensor.

[0007] Preferably, the control execution unit further includes a pre-charging circuit, which is connected in parallel with the main circuit of the charge / discharge switch circuit, and is used to perform a pre-charging operation when the corresponding battery cabinet is connected, so as to suppress the power-on inrush current.

[0008] Preferably, the pre-charging circuit includes a pre-charging resistor and a pre-charging control switch connected in series.

[0009] Preferably, the main controller circuit is further connected to a communication interface circuit, which includes at least one isolated CAN communication interface and at least one isolated RS485 communication interface.

[0010] Preferably, the communication interface circuit includes: two isolated CAN interfaces and three isolated RS485 interfaces.

[0011] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Distributed independent control: By equipping each battery cabinet interface with an independent charging and discharging switch circuit and its driving and detection circuits, independent and refined management of the access detection and charging and discharging status of each battery cabinet is achieved, improving the flexibility and reliability of the system.

[0012] High-reliability power supply: The system power supply draws power from the connected battery cabinet or external charger through an isolated step-down circuit, eliminating the need for an external auxiliary power supply and achieving self-sufficiency. At the same time, the use of reverse connection protection diodes and isolation design ensures the stability and safety of the power supply to the control circuit.

[0013] Comprehensive safety protection: By integrating charging current limiting circuit and total circuit current detection, combined with the intelligent management of the controller, overcurrent charging is effectively prevented; the added pre-charging circuit can effectively suppress surge current when the battery cabinet is connected, protect switching devices, and extend system life.

[0014] Excellent electrical isolation: Multiple sets of isolation voltage detection circuits, isolation step-down circuits and isolation drive circuits are used to completely isolate the high-voltage main circuit from the low-voltage control circuit, which significantly improves the system's anti-interference capability and safety. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a system architecture block diagram of the multi-battery cabinet parallel control box of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 This is an isolated step-down circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is the power supply circuit of this utility model embodiment; Figure 4 This is a voltage sampling circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the pre-charging circuit of this utility model embodiment; Figure 6 This is a current limiting circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is the charging and discharging switch circuit of this utility model embodiment; Figure 8 This is a current acquisition circuit based on a Hall current sensor, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To further illustrate the various embodiments, the present invention provides accompanying drawings. These drawings are part of the disclosure of the present invention and are mainly used to illustrate the embodiments, and can be used in conjunction with the relevant descriptions in the specification to explain the operating principles of the embodiments. With reference to these drawings, those skilled in the art should be able to understand other possible implementations and the advantages of the present invention. Components in the drawings are not drawn to scale, and similar component symbols are generally used to represent similar components.

[0018] The present invention will now be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0019] refer to Figure 1 The core of the multi-battery cabinet parallel control box described in this utility model lies in the construction of a modular and isolated control system.

[0020] In this embodiment, the multi-battery cabinet parallel control box 100 includes a cabinet body, inside which is a centralized control system implemented based on a circuit board. The system is provided with two battery cabinet interfaces 110a and 110b and a charger interface 110c, and is connected to the battery cabinets 200a and 200b and the charger through these interfaces.

[0021] Each battery cabinet interface is equipped with an independent control execution unit. For example, the control execution unit configured for battery cabinet interface 110a includes an isolation voltage detection circuit 120a, an isolation step-down circuit 130a, and a charge / discharge switch circuit 160a. When battery cabinet 200a is connected to battery cabinet interface 110a, the isolation voltage detection circuit 120a detects a voltage signal and reports it to the controller MCU, which then confirms that the cabinet is in place. Simultaneously, the isolation step-down circuit 130a of this interface begins operation, converting the high voltage of the battery cabinet into the 12V power required by the system and feeding it into the system power network through a reverse connection protection diode, thus powering the control circuits throughout the enclosure.

[0022] The charge / discharge switch circuits 160a and 160b are the actuators. Taking the charge / discharge switch circuit 160a as an example, its main circuit is connected in series between the negative terminal PA- of the battery cabinet and the common negative terminal P- of the charger. The controller MCU sends a drive signal through the isolation drive circuit 150a to control the on / off state of this main circuit. The isolation drive circuits 150a and 150b are powered by a dedicated isolation power supply circuit 140, ensuring safe isolation between the high-voltage side and the low-voltage control side. The charger interface 110c is also equipped with an isolation voltage detection circuit and an isolation step-down circuit 130c, used to detect the charger connection and provide another input to the system power supply. On the total negative circuit, a total current detection circuit 170 based on a Hall current sensor is connected in series to monitor the total charge / discharge current (the total current via the negative terminal P- of the charger).

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, each charge / discharge switch circuit also includes charging current limiting circuits 180a and 180b. Because the internal resistance of the battery is very small, a large charging / discharging current will be generated if the voltage difference between the two batteries is large. The charging current limiting circuit is used to prevent large current charging / discharging phenomena from occurring when the voltage difference between the two battery cells is large.

[0024] Taking the charging current limiting circuit 180a as an example, it is connected in parallel with the charging and discharging control circuit 160a and is controlled by the controller MCU. When the voltage difference between P- and PA- exceeds the set threshold (such as 1.0V), the controller MCU can start the charging current limiting circuit 180a to limit the charging current in order to achieve current limiting protection, such as limiting the current to 20A for charging.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment, each charge / discharge switch circuit is also connected to a pre-charge circuit. The pre-charge circuit is connected in parallel with the main circuit of the charge / discharge switch circuit and typically includes a pre-charge resistor and a pre-charge control switch, such as a relay or MOSFET, connected in series. When the controller needs to connect to a battery cabinet, it first controls the pre-charge circuit to operate, slowly charging the capacitive load inside the system through the pre-charge resistor. Once the voltage has leveled off, the main switching device of the charge / discharge switch circuit is closed, effectively avoiding a huge closing inrush current.

[0026] The controller MCU acts as the brain, comprehensively processing all voltage and current information, executing predetermined control logic, and managing the charging and discharging process of each battery cabinet to ensure stable, efficient, and safe system operation.

[0027] This embodiment provides examples of various circuit modules in this system, such as... Figures 2-8 As shown.

[0028] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-battery cabinet parallel control box, comprising a box body, characterized in that, The enclosure houses a centralized control system based on a circuit board; the system includes a main controller circuit and multiple control execution units with identical structures. The system is equipped with multiple battery cabinet interfaces and one charger interface; Each battery cabinet interface corresponds to an independent control execution unit; the control execution unit includes an isolation voltage detection circuit, an isolation step-down circuit, an isolation drive circuit, a charge / discharge switch circuit, and a charging current limiting circuit; The charger interface corresponds to an independent charging port management unit, which includes an isolation voltage detection circuit and an isolation step-down circuit. The input terminals of each isolation step-down circuit are connected to the corresponding battery cabinet interface or charger interface, and their output terminals are connected in parallel through anti-reverse connection diodes to form a system power bus to power the main controller circuit and the isolation drive circuit. The electrical connection within the control execution unit is configured such that the main circuit of the charge / discharge switch circuit is connected in parallel with the main circuit of the charging current limiting circuit, forming a parallel branch; one end of the parallel branch is connected to the negative power terminal of the corresponding battery cabinet interface, and the other end is connected to a common current detection bus. The current detection bus is connected in series with a total current detection circuit and then connected to the negative power terminal of the charger interface. The main controller circuit is connected to the control terminal signals of the isolation voltage detection circuit, isolation drive circuit, and charging current limiting circuit in each control execution unit.

2. The multi-battery cabinet parallel control box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The total current detection circuit is a Hall current sensor.

3. The multi-battery cabinet parallel control box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control execution unit also includes a pre-charging circuit, which is connected in parallel with the main circuit of the charge / discharge switch circuit.

4. The multi-battery cabinet parallel control box according to claim 3, characterized in that, The pre-charging circuit includes a pre-charging resistor and a pre-charging control switch connected in series.

5. The multi-battery cabinet parallel control box according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main controller circuit is also connected to a communication interface circuit, which includes at least one isolated CAN communication interface and at least one isolated RS485 communication interface.

6. The multi-battery cabinet parallel control box according to claim 5, characterized in that, The communication interface circuit includes: two isolated CAN interfaces and three isolated RS485 interfaces.

Images