Composite frame and photovoltaic module

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of composite frame and photovoltaic module.The composite frame includes component frame and heat shrinkable kit;Component frame is arranged in the edge area of the periphery of laminated part, and there is first accommodating cavity in component frame, and heat shrinkable kit is located in first accommodating cavity;Heat shrinkable kit is coated in the periphery of laminated part, and with the second accommodating cavity of accommodating the periphery edge area of laminated part;After heating, heat shrinkable kit coating circumferential side wall of laminated part, part or all of front edge area, and part or all of back edge area.The composite frame is set by heat shrinkable kit in component frame, can reduce composite frame, laminated part and the like material cost and transportation cost and the preparation cost of photovoltaic module under the condition of increasing creeping distance, guarantee the safety performance of photovoltaic module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present utility model mainly relates to the photovoltaic technology field, and specifically relates to a composite frame, a photovoltaic module, and a preparation method of the photovoltaic module. Background Art

[0002] Nowadays, the photovoltaic industry has entered an era of low profit. In order to reduce the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE) of the power station system, the usage amount of inverters is gradually reduced, followed by an increase in system voltage. For example, the system voltage will rise from 1500V to 2000V or higher. In this case, the creepage distance of the laminated part in the photovoltaic module must be increased to ensure the voltage withstand safety performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0003] The creepage distance of a photovoltaic module refers to the shortest path measured along the insulating surface between two conductive parts, or between a conductive part and the protective interface of the equipment. Creepage distance is one of the important conditions for evaluating the performance of photovoltaic modules. Insufficient creepage distance is likely to cause electrical tracking or arc discharge, which further affects the cell performance and safety performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0004] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the creepage distance of the first photovoltaic module in the prior art. As shown in Figure 1 as shown, the module frame 20 of the photovoltaic module is generally made of metal material, and the creepage distance is the distance L1 from the edge of the laminated part 10 to the edge of the cell array 11. The system voltage of the photovoltaic module and the creepage distance need to meet a certain corresponding relationship. If the system voltage is increased, the distance L1 from the edge of the laminated part 10 to the edge of the cell array 11 needs to be increased. On the one hand, this will lead to an increase in the proportion of the inactive area of the photovoltaic module, reduce the photoelectric conversion efficiency, and increase the material cost of the module frame, the laminated part and the like, as well as the preparation cost of the photovoltaic module. On the other hand, this will reduce the packaging capacity of the container, increase the transportation cost of the module frame, the laminated part and the like, thereby further increasing the preparation cost of the photovoltaic module. In addition, according to the principle of maximizing the container packaging capacity, the dimensions of photovoltaic modules in the current photovoltaic industry have been standardized to 1134mm×2382mm and 1303mm×2382mm. Increasing the distance L1 from the edge of the laminated part 10 to the edge of the cell array 11 will increase the dimensions of the laminated part 10 and the corresponding photovoltaic module, which will affect the promotion progress of the dimension standardization of photovoltaic modules.

[0005] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the creepage distance of the second photovoltaic module in the prior art. The module frame 20 is a metal frame, the module frame 20 is provided with a notch, and a plastic frame 30 is embedded in the notch. The metal frame can shield ultraviolet rays for the plastic frame 30, ensuring the service life of the plastic frame 30, and at the same time, the metal frame can ensure stable load performance. Figure 2 the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module shown is composed of L1 and L2. With Figure 1 Compared to the photovoltaic modules shown, with the external dimensions of the photovoltaic modules remaining unchanged, Figure 2 The photovoltaic modules shown can increase the creepage distance of photovoltaic modules. However, the material and manufacturing costs of splicing metal and plastic frames (30mm) are relatively high. Additionally, as... Figure 3 As shown, when the metal frame and plastic frame 30 are spliced, gaps exist at the splicing points of the component frame 20 corresponding to two adjacent sides of the laminate 10. This reduces the insulation effect of the plastic frame 30 and easily leads to leakage. Plastic corner protectors 40 need to be wrapped around the corners of the laminate 10 to ensure the insulation capacity at the corners and thus guarantee the creepage distance. However, the process of wrapping the corners of the laminate 10 with plastic corner protectors 40 also consumes corner protector materials and manufacturing time, further increasing the cost of the photovoltaic module and reducing its cost-effectiveness.

[0006] Patent CN119907313A discloses a photovoltaic module and its manufacturing method, as well as a photovoltaic system. It also discloses an insulating layer placed between the frame and the laminated components. This insulating layer softens upon heating, thus providing adhesion between the frame and the laminated components. However, the insulating layer only softens upon receiving significant heat, potentially damaging the laminated components due to overheating. Utility Model Content

[0007] This invention provides a composite frame, a photovoltaic module, and a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module. By setting a heat-shrinkable kit inside the module frame of the composite frame, the material costs and transportation costs of the composite frame, laminates, etc., as well as the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module, can be reduced while increasing the creepage distance, thus ensuring the safety performance of the photovoltaic module.

[0008] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a composite frame is provided, comprising: a component frame and a heat-shrinkable kit; wherein...

[0009] The component frame is located in the edge area around the laminate, and the component frame has a first receiving cavity, in which the heat-shrinkable kit is located.

[0010] The heat-shrinkable kit covers the periphery of the laminate and has a second receiving cavity that accommodates the edge regions around the periphery of the laminate; the heat-shrinkable kit covers part or all of the circumferential sidewalls, the front edge regions, and the back edge regions of the laminate after heating.

[0011] Optionally, the upper end of the heat-shrinkable kit is bent above the front edge region of the laminate, and the lower end of the heat-shrinkable kit is bent below the back edge region of the laminate, forming a second receiving cavity that receives the edge regions around the laminate.

[0012] Optionally, the heat-shrinkable kit is a first heat-shrinkable sleeve, and the absolute value of the difference between the perimeter of the laminate and the perimeter of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is less than a first preset value.

[0013] One end of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is bent upward toward the front edge region of the laminate, and the other end of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is bent downward toward the back edge region of the laminate, forming a second receiving cavity; the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is fitted around the edge region of the laminate, and the edge region of the laminate extends into the second receiving cavity.

[0014] Optionally, the heat-shrinkable kit is a second heat-shrinkable sleeve, and the absolute value of the difference between the perimeter of the laminate and the perimeter of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve is greater than a second preset value; the second heat-shrinkable sleeve has an axial slit extending through the second heat-shrinkable sleeve in the axial direction to form a second receiving cavity.

[0015] The second heat-shrinkable sleeve covers the sidewalls around the laminate, and the edge area around the laminate extends into the second receiving cavity after passing through the gap.

[0016] Optionally, the two ends of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve are joined together in the axial direction to form an annular structure.

[0017] Optionally, the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit is provided with kit adhesive.

[0018] Optionally, the kit adhesive is a hot melt adhesive.

[0019] Optionally, the kit adhesive covers the inner surface of the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit; or, the kit adhesive is in the form of dots and / or strips, with multiple dots and / or strips of kit adhesive spaced apart from each other.

[0020] Optionally, the cross-section of the heat-shrinkable sleeve is circular, elliptical, rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, or sector-shaped.

[0021] Optionally, the heat-shrinkable kit may be made of one or more of the following materials: polyolefin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, fluororubber, or polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0022] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a photovoltaic module is provided, comprising: a laminate, and a composite frame according to a first aspect of the present invention; the edge regions around the laminate are located within a second receiving cavity of the composite frame; and the heat-shrinkable kit of the composite frame after heating covers part or all of the circumferential sidewalls, the front edge region, and the back edge region of the laminate.

[0023] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module is provided, comprising:

[0024] The edge regions around the laminate are installed in the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit, wherein the heat-shrinkable kit covers the periphery of the laminate and has a second receiving cavity for receiving the edge regions around the laminate.

[0025] The heat-shrinkable kit is heated so that it covers part or all of the circumferential sidewalls, front edge region, and back edge region of the laminate.

[0026] The laminated part, which encapsulates the thermoplastic kit, is installed around the perimeter of the module frame into the first receiving cavity, and after curing and bonding, a photovoltaic module is obtained.

[0027] Optionally, before installing the edge regions around the laminate into the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit, a ring-shaped structure of a predetermined length is cut from the first heat-shrinkable sleeve along the axial direction perpendicular to the first heat-shrinkable sleeve to obtain a heat-shrinkable kit with a ring-shaped structure; wherein the absolute value of the difference between the circumference of the laminate and the circumference of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is less than a first predetermined value, and the predetermined length is greater than the thickness of the laminate; one end of the heat-shrinkable kit with a ring-shaped structure is bent upward toward the front edge region of the laminate, and the other end of the heat-shrinkable kit with a ring-shaped structure is bent downward toward the back edge region of the laminate to form the second receiving cavity;

[0028] Installing the edge regions around the laminate into the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit includes: fitting the annular heat-shrinkable kit around the edge regions of the laminate, wherein the edge regions around the laminate extend into the second receiving cavity.

[0029] Optionally, before installing the edge region around the laminate into the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit, an axial slit is made in the axial direction to penetrate the second heat-shrinkable sleeve to form the second receiving cavity, and the absolute value of the difference between the perimeter of the laminate and the perimeter of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve is greater than a second preset value; the two ends of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve in the axial direction are joined together to obtain a heat-shrinkable kit with an annular structure.

[0030] Installing the edge regions around the laminate into the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit includes: fitting the annular heat-shrinkable kit around the edge of the laminate, wherein the edge regions around the laminate extend into the second receiving cavity after passing through the gap.

[0031] Optionally, before installing the edge region around the laminate into the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit, an axial slit is made in the heat-shrinkable sleeve along the axial direction to form the second receiving cavity, resulting in a strip-shaped heat-shrinkable kit, wherein the absolute value of the difference between the perimeter of the laminate and the perimeter of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve is greater than a second preset value.

[0032] Installing the edge region around the laminate into the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit includes: wrapping the elongated heat-shrinkable kit around the sidewalls of the laminate, wherein the edge region around the laminate extends into the second receiving cavity after passing through the gap.

[0033] The technical solution of the first aspect of the above-mentioned utility model has the following advantages or beneficial effects: by setting a heat-shrinkable kit inside the component frame of the composite frame, the material cost and transportation cost of the composite frame, laminate, etc., as well as the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module, can be reduced while increasing the creepage distance, thus ensuring the safety performance of the photovoltaic module. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings are provided to better understand this utility model and do not constitute an undue limitation thereof. Wherein:

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the creepage distance of a photovoltaic module in the prior art;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the creepage distance of photovoltaic module 2 in the prior art;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the plastic corner protector of photovoltaic module 2 in the prior art;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in some embodiments of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module in an optional embodiment of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the component frame structure in some embodiments of this utility model;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the component frame in some other embodiments of this utility model;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in some other embodiments of this utility model;

[0044] Figure 10 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module in some embodiments of this utility model;

[0045] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a heat-shrinkable kit in some embodiments of this utility model;

[0046] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a heat-shrinkable kit in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 13 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the heat-shrinkable kit in some embodiments of this utility model;

[0048] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module manufacturing process in some embodiments of this utility model;

[0049] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module manufacturing process in some embodiments of this utility model.

[0050] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0051] 10-Laminated component; 11-Battery array; 20-Component frame; 21-First receiving cavity; 22-First bending portion; 23-First side baffle; 24-First support portion; 25-Connecting portion; 26-Support base plate; 27-Corner code cavity; 28-Protrusion; 29-Overflow groove; 30-Plastic frame; 40-Plastic corner protector; 50-Heat shrinkable kit; 501-Upper end of heat shrinkable kit; 502-Lower end of heat shrinkable kit; 51-Second receiving cavity; 52-Kit adhesive; 53-Adhesive; 60-Frame adhesive. Detailed Implementation

[0052] The following description, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, illustrates exemplary embodiments of the present invention, including various details to aid understanding. These embodiments should be considered merely exemplary. Therefore, those skilled in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. Similarly, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of well-known functions and structures are omitted in the following description.

[0053] It should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," and "end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred element must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and can be simply used to more clearly distinguish different components, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0054] Unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "assembly" and "connection" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0055] In this embodiment of the invention, the main surface of the photovoltaic module facing the sunlight is used as the reference horizontal plane. The horizontal direction involved in this embodiment of the invention refers to the direction parallel to the reference horizontal plane, and the vertical direction involved in this embodiment of the invention refers to the direction perpendicular to the above-mentioned horizontal direction. The front side refers to the side of the photovoltaic module facing the sunlight when it is working, and the back side refers to the side opposite to the above-mentioned front side.

[0056] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a composite frame is provided. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the composite frame in this embodiment of the present invention includes a component frame 20 and a heat-shrinkable kit 50; wherein, the component frame 20 is disposed in the edge region around the laminate 10, and the component frame 20 has a first receiving cavity 21, and the heat-shrinkable kit 50 is located in the first receiving cavity 21. The heat-shrinkable kit 50 covers the periphery of the laminate 10 and has a second receiving cavity 51 for receiving the edge region around the laminate 10; after heating, the heat-shrinkable kit 50 covers part or all of the circumferential sidewalls, the front edge region, and the back edge region of the laminate 10.

[0057] The heat-shrinkable kit 50 in this embodiment of the invention refers to a kit with heat-shrinkability. Heat shrinkability refers to the physical phenomenon of volume contraction of polymer materials when heated. Its essence stems from the "memory effect" imparted by the cross-linked network structure within the material; that is, after a material with an initial shape is deformed and fixed, it can return to its initial shape through external stimuli such as heating. During the heat shrinkage process, the crystals inside the heat-shrinkable kit 50 will partially or completely transform into a glassy state. After heating, the heat-shrinkable kit 50 covers part or all of the circumferential sidewalls, the front edge area, and the back edge area of ​​the laminate 10. It should be noted that after the heat-shrinkable kit 50 shrinks, if it is further heated, it will soften or melt, thereby filling the gap between the laminate 10 and the component frame 20. In this embodiment of the invention, the heat-shrinkable kit 50 is only heated until it shrinks, without needing to heat and soften it. This avoids adverse effects on the structure of the laminate 10 and its internal battery string due to overheating, thus ensuring the structural stability and safety of the laminate 10.

[0058] Figure 5This is a schematic diagram of the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module in an optional embodiment of this utility model. For example... Figure 5 As shown in this embodiment of the invention, the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module is composed of L1 and L2, where L1 is the distance from the edge of the laminate 10 to the edge of the cell array 11, and L2 is the distance from the edge of the laminate 10 to the edge of the bent portion of the heat-shrinkable kit 50. Figure 1 Compared to the photovoltaic modules shown, the photovoltaic modules in this embodiment of the present invention can increase the creepage distance of the photovoltaic modules and meet the creepage distance requirements of the photovoltaic modules.

[0059] The material cost of the heat-shrinkable kit 50 is significantly lower than that of the plastic frame 30. This embodiment of the invention, by incorporating the heat-shrinkable kit 50 within the module frame 20, reduces the material and transportation costs of the composite frame, laminates, etc., as well as the manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic module, while increasing the creepage distance of the photovoltaic module, thus ensuring the safety performance of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, after being heated, the heat-shrinkable kit 50 can directly cover part or all of the circumferential sidewalls, front edge area, and back edge area of ​​the laminate 10, eliminating the need for snap-fit ​​installation with the module frame 20, thereby reducing the installation time of the composite frame and the manufacturing time of the photovoltaic module. After sealing the edges of the laminate 10, the heat-shrinkable kit 50 also solves the problem of gaps between the long and short frames of the module frame 20, eliminating the need for the plastic corner protectors 40, thus eliminating the material and installation costs of the plastic corner protectors 40. Therefore, the significant reduction in the cost of the composite frame in this embodiment of the invention greatly improves the cost-effectiveness of the 2000V+ photovoltaic module.

[0060] The component frame 20 can be a metal frame, and the material of the metal frame includes, for example, aluminum or steel, but is not limited to these.

[0061] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the component frame structure in some embodiments of this utility model. Figure 7 This is a structural schematic diagram of the component frame in other embodiments of this utility model. For example... Figure 6 As shown, the component frame 20 includes a first bent portion 22, a first side baffle 23, and a first support portion 24. One end of the first bent portion 22 and the first support portion 24 are respectively connected to the first side baffle 23, and the first bent portion 22 is located above the first support portion 24. At least a portion of the first side baffle 23, the first bent portion 22, and the first support portion 24 form a first receiving cavity 21. The first bent portion 22 bends towards the first receiving cavity 21, and the top end of the first bent portion 22 faces the first support portion 24 (e.g., ...). Figure 6 (as shown) or the top of the first bend 22 facing the first side plate 23 (as shown) Figure 7(As shown). The plane where the first support portion 24 is located is parallel or nearly parallel to the horizontal direction, and the plane where the first side baffle 23 is located is parallel or nearly parallel to the vertical direction. After the edge region of the laminate 10 is embedded in the second receiving cavity 51, the first bent portion 22 is located above the front edge region of the laminate 10, and the first support portion 24 is located below the back edge region of the laminate 10.

[0062] The component frame 20 may further include a connecting portion 25 and a supporting base plate 26. The connecting portion 25 connects the first supporting portion 24 and the supporting base plate 26, with the first supporting portion 24 and the supporting base plate 26 located at opposite ends of the connecting portion 25. The plane of the connecting portion 25 is parallel to the plane of the first side baffle 23, meaning the plane of the connecting portion 25 is parallel to the vertical direction; the plane of the supporting base plate 26 is parallel to the plane of the first supporting portion 24, meaning the plane of the supporting base plate 26 is parallel to the horizontal direction. The supporting base plate 26 extends horizontally and has the same opening direction as the first receiving cavity 21.

[0063] A portion of the supporting base plate 26, the first supporting part 24, and another portion of the first side baffle 23 enclose a corner bracket cavity 27. The corner bracket cavity 27 is used to install corner brackets (not shown). The corner brackets extend into the corner bracket cavity 27, thereby connecting two mutually perpendicular module frames of the photovoltaic module, providing better support for the photovoltaic module, and improving the support reliability of the module frame 20.

[0064] Furthermore, the portions of the first support portion 24 and the support base plate 26 located in the corner code cavity 27 may be provided with multiple protrusions 28, and the protrusions 28 located in the first support portion 24 correspond to the protrusions 28 located in the support base plate 26 to limit the corner code and improve the reliability of the connection between the component frame 20 and the corner code.

[0065] like Figure 7 As shown, the component frame 20 may also include an overflow groove 29, which is disposed on the inner surface of the first bend 22, i.e., on the side of the first bend 22 facing the first receiving cavity 21. After the laminate 10 is assembled with the composite frame, the overflow groove 29 also contains the frame adhesive. The overflow groove 29 not only provides overflow space for excess frame adhesive, blocks the flow of frame adhesive, and prevents frame adhesive from overflowing outside the composite frame, thus improving the reliability of adhesive application when assembling the laminate 10 and the composite frame, but also improves the waterproof capability and connection strength at the connection between the inner surface of the first bend 22 and the front surface of the laminate 10.

[0066] The inner surface of the first bending portion 22 may have one, two, or more glue overflow grooves 29, and the arrangement of each glue overflow groove 29 can be selectively set. For example, each glue overflow groove 29 may be arranged horizontally, and each glue overflow groove 29 may extend along the length direction of the composite frame. Another example is that each glue overflow groove 29 may be distributed in a dot matrix pattern, with each dot in the dot matrix representing one glue overflow groove 29. The specific arrangement and number of glue overflow grooves 29 can be adjusted according to actual conditions, and this utility model does not impose specific limitations in this regard.

[0067] The upper surface of the first support portion 24 can also be provided with an overflow groove, that is, the surface of the first support portion 24 facing the first receiving cavity 21 can be provided with an overflow groove. The number and distribution of the overflow grooves provided on the upper surface of the first support portion 24 can be similar to the number and distribution of the overflow grooves on the inner surface of the first receiving cavity 21, or can be set according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0068] The heat-shrinkable kit 50 is made of any one or more of the following materials: polyolefin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, fluororubber, polytetrafluoroethylene, but is not limited to these. For example, the heat-shrinkable kit 50 is made of polyolefin materials such as irradiated cross-linked polyethylene, which has properties such as insulation, flame retardancy, flexibility, and abrasion resistance. Those skilled in the art may also choose heat-shrinkable tubing as the heat-shrinkable kit, or cut a portion from heat-shrinkable tubing as the heat-shrinkable kit. Examples of heat-shrinkable tubing include: the environmentally friendly double-arm tubing of model SBRS-125G produced by Suzhou Wolxing Electronics Technology Co., Ltd., and the PJ-BBT-35KV-CN busbar heat-shrinkable tubing produced by Shenzhen Pengjia New Materials Co., Ltd., etc.

[0069] The heat-shrinkable sleeve 50 may only cover the circumferential sidewalls of the laminate 10, and during the heat shrinking process, it may cover part or all of the front edge region and part or all of the back edge region of the laminate 10. In this case, the side of the heat-shrinkable sleeve 50 facing the laminate 10 corresponds to a second receiving cavity 51 with a larger opening. The heat-shrinkable sleeve 50 may also be a bent structure. Exemplarily, the heat-shrinkable sleeve 50 is disposed on the four sidewalls of the laminate 10, with the upper end 501 of the heat-shrinkable sleeve 50 bent upward toward the front edge region of the laminate 10, and the lower end 502 of the heat-shrinkable sleeve 50 bent downward toward the back edge region of the laminate 10, forming a second receiving cavity 51 that receives the edge regions around the laminate 10. By setting the heat-shrinkable sleeve 50 to a bent structure, the wrapping effect of the heat-shrinkable sleeve 50 on the laminate 10 after heating can be determined. After heating, the heat-shrinkable kit 50 can cover part or all of the circumferential sidewalls and front edge area of ​​the laminate 10, and the heat-shrinkable kit 50 can also cover part of the back edge area of ​​the laminate 10 (e.g., Figure 4 (as shown) or all (e.g.) Figure 8(As shown). The front edge area of ​​the laminate 10 covered by the heat-shrinkable kit 50 may be smaller than the front edge area of ​​the laminate covered by the component border 20 (e.g., Figure 4 As shown), the front edge area of ​​the laminate 10 covered by the heat-shrinkable kit 50 can also be equal to the front edge area of ​​the laminate covered by the component frame 20 (e.g., Figure 8 As shown in the figure, the front edge region of the laminate 10 covered by the heat-shrinkable kit 50 can be larger than the front edge region of the laminate covered by the component frame 20 (not shown in the figure). To avoid affecting the performance of the battery array 11 in the laminate 10, the front edge region of the laminate 10 covered by the heat-shrinkable kit 50 is an insulating region on the front side of the laminate 10. Furthermore, the front edge region of the laminate 10 covered by the heat-shrinkable kit 50 can be equal in size to the back edge region of the laminate 10 (e.g., ...). Figure 4 (as shown) or not equal (e.g.) Figure 8 (As shown).

[0070] Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module in some other embodiments of this utility model. Figure 9 In the optional embodiment shown, a kit adhesive 52 is provided within the second receiving cavity 51 of the heat-shrinkable kit 50. By providing the kit adhesive 52 within the second receiving cavity 51, the sealing and bonding stability between the heat-shrinkable kit 50 and the laminate 10 can be further improved. The material of the kit adhesive 52 can be selected according to load requirements, for example, silicone or structural adhesive. In an optional embodiment, hot melt adhesive is used as the kit adhesive. During the heat shrinking process, the hot melt adhesive melts and fills the gaps, providing sealing, waterproofing, moisture protection, buffering mechanical strain, and good adhesion.

[0071] In practical applications, the adhesive 52 can be applied to the inner surface of the second receiving cavity 51 of the heat-shrinkable kit 50 either in a full-coverage or partial-coverage manner. A full-coverage means that the adhesive 52 completely covers the inner surface of the second receiving cavity 51 of the heat-shrinkable kit 50; that is, the entire inner surface of the second receiving cavity 51 of the heat-shrinkable kit 50 is coated with a layer of adhesive 52. Figure 9 As shown. Applying the kit adhesive 52 in a full-coat manner ensures reliable adhesion between the heat-shrinkable kit 50 and the laminate 10. Partial coating means applying the kit adhesive 52 only to a portion of the inner surface of the second receiving cavity 51 of the heat-shrinkable kit 50, leaving at least a portion of the inner surface of the second receiving cavity 51 uncoated. For example, as... Figure 10 As shown, the kit adhesive 52 is in the form of dots and / or strips, with multiple dots and / or strips of kit adhesive 52 spaced apart from each other. By applying the kit adhesive 52 in a localized manner, the amount of kit adhesive 52 used can be reduced, and the kit adhesive 52 can be prevented from overflowing from the joint between the heat-shrinkable kit 50 and the laminate 10 after heating.

[0072] like Figure 11 As shown, a heat-shrinkable sleeve with a large diameter (hereinafter referred to as the first heat-shrinkable sleeve for ease of description) is used as the heat-shrinkable kit 50. The first heat-shrinkable sleeve has a large diameter and can be directly fitted around the perimeter of the laminate 10. The cross-section of the first thermoplastic sleeve is obtained by cutting the first heat-shrinkable sleeve along the axial direction perpendicular to the first heat-shrinkable sleeve, and the perimeter of the cross-section of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is taken as the perimeter of the first thermoplastic sleeve. The first heat-shrinkable sleeve has a large diameter, meaning that the first thermoplastic sleeve can be directly fitted around the perimeter of the laminate 10. The absolute value of the difference between the perimeter of the laminate 10 and the perimeter of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is less than a first preset value, which can be determined based on the material properties and thickness of the first thermoplastic sleeve and the heating temperature during the fabrication of the composite frame or photovoltaic module. The perimeter of the laminate 10 can be equal to the perimeter of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve, i.e., the first preset value is 0. When the first heat-shrinkable sleeve has a certain degree of elasticity, the perimeter of the laminate 10 can be slightly larger than the perimeter of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve. In this case, the first thermoplastic sleeve can be stretched and fitted around the laminate 10. Alternatively, the perimeter of the laminate 10 can be smaller than the perimeter of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve, and the first thermoplastic sleeve can still wrap around the laminate 10 after shrinking under heating. Although... Figure 11 In the optional embodiment shown, the cross-section of the first thermoplastic sleeve is circular. However, in this embodiment of the present invention, the cross-section of the first thermoplastic sleeve can also be other shapes, such as triangle, rectangle, sector, ellipse, trapezoid, and other polygons (e.g., regular pentagon, regular hexagon, etc.). In this embodiment of the present invention, there is no limitation on the cross-sectional shape of the first thermoplastic sleeve.

[0073] One end of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is bent upwards toward the front edge region of the laminate 10 along the axial direction, and the other end of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is bent downwards toward the back edge region of the laminate 10, forming a second receiving cavity 51. The axial length of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is greater than the vertical thickness of the laminate 10. When the axial length of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is much greater than the vertical thickness of the laminate 10, if the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is directly fitted around the laminate 10, the upper and lower ends of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve will easily cover the area where the battery array 11 is located in the laminate 10 after bending. Therefore, a certain length of heat-shrinkable sleeve can be cut from the first heat-shrinkable sleeve according to the thickness of the laminate 10 to serve as the heat-shrinkable kit 50. For example, a 15-25 mm long heat-shrinkable sleeve is cut from a first heat-shrinkable sleeve with a sufficiently large diameter (the circumference of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is approximately the circumference of the laminate, and the diameter of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is approximately 2.3 m) to serve as the heat-shrinkable kit 50. When installing the composite frame, the axis of the heat-shrinkable kit 50 can be aligned with the thickness center of the laminate 10 and fitted around the laminate 10.

[0074] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the heat-shrinkable kit in some embodiments of the present invention, such as... Figure 12 As shown, the heat-shrinkable sleeve 50 is a second heat-shrinkable sleeve. The cross-section of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve, obtained by cutting it along a direction perpendicular to its axial direction, is taken as the cross-section of the second thermoplastic sleeve, and the perimeter of this cross-section is taken as the perimeter of the second thermoplastic sleeve. The diameter of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve is too small to be directly fitted around the laminate 10; that is, the absolute value of the difference between the perimeter of the laminate 10 and the perimeter of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve is greater than a second preset value. The second preset value can be determined based on the material properties and thickness of the second thermoplastic sleeve, as well as the heating temperature during the fabrication of the composite frame or photovoltaic module. The second heat-shrinkable sleeve has an axial slit extending through it to form a second receiving cavity 51. Figure 12 The gap shown is merely an example. Those skilled in the art can adjust the gap size according to actual conditions. For example, the second heat-shrinkable sleeve can be cut in half along its axial direction to obtain two thermoplastic kits, each with a semi-circular cross-section. During photovoltaic module fabrication, the second heat-shrinkable sleeve covers the sidewalls of the laminate 10, and the edge region of the laminate 10 extends through the gap into the second receiving cavity 51.

[0075] The perimeter of the laminate 10 can be equal to or nearly equal to the axial length of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve. When the second heat-shrinkable sleeve has a certain degree of elasticity, the perimeter of the laminate 10 can be slightly larger than the length of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve. In this case, the second thermoplastic sleeve, after being stretched, can wrap around the laminate 10 and then be fixed. The perimeter of the laminate 10 can also be smaller than the length of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve, so that even after the second thermoplastic sleeve shrinks under heating, it can still wrap around the laminate 10. Although, Figure 12 In the optional embodiment shown, the cross-section of the second thermoplastic sleeve is circular. However, in this embodiment of the invention, the cross-section of the second thermoplastic sleeve can also be other shapes, such as triangles, rectangles, sectors, ellipses, trapezoids, and other polygons (e.g., regular pentagons, regular hexagons, etc.). This embodiment of the invention does not limit the cross-sectional shape of the second thermoplastic sleeve. Figure 13 In the optional embodiment shown, the cross-section of the second thermoplastic sleeve is triangular, along a direction parallel to the axial direction of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve. Figure 13 An axial slit (in the BB direction) is made through the second heat-shrinkable sleeve to form a second receiving cavity 51. The triangular cross-section allows the heat-shrinkable sleeve 50 to clamp the laminate 10 more tightly, preventing it from easily detaching from the laminate 10 before heating. Of course, commonly used circular sleeves, trapezoidal sleeves, and elliptical sleeves are also suitable. Figure 13The gap shown is merely an example, and those skilled in the art can set the size of the gap according to the actual situation, such as opening a larger or smaller axial gap.

[0076] When the axial length of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve is much greater than the circumference of the laminate 10, if the second heat-shrinkable sleeve is wrapped around the laminate 10, the second heat-shrinkable sleeve will be excessively redundant and will easily overflow from the joint between the heat-shrinkable kit 50 and the laminate 10 after heating. Therefore, a certain length of heat-shrinkable sleeve can be cut from the second heat-shrinkable sleeve according to the circumference of the laminate 10 to serve as the heat-shrinkable kit 50. By taking a certain length of heat-shrinkable sleeve from a slender heat-shrinkable sleeve as the thermoplastic condition 50, the methods for obtaining the heat-shrinkable condition can be expanded, especially suitable for situations where large-diameter heat-shrinkable sleeves are difficult to obtain, and situations where slender heat-shrinkable sleeves are easy to obtain.

[0077] In this embodiment of the invention, a long, thin, heat-shrinkable sleeve can be directly used as the heat-shrinkable component. When manufacturing the photovoltaic module, the long, thin heat-shrinkable sleeve is wrapped around the laminate 10, and then directly heated, or the two ends of the heat-shrinkable sleeve are joined together after wrapping (e.g., ...). Figure 15 As shown, the two ends are glued together by adhesive 53 to form a ring structure and then heated so that the heat-shrinkable kit 50 wraps around the laminate 10.

[0078] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a photovoltaic module is provided, comprising: a laminate 10, and a composite frame provided in the first aspect of the present invention. The edge regions of the laminate 10 are located within a second receiving cavity 51 of the composite frame; a heat-shrinkable sleeve 50 of the composite frame covers part or all of the circumferential sidewalls, the front edge region, and the back edge region of the laminate 10 after heating.

[0079] According to a third aspect of the present invention, a method for preparing a photovoltaic module is provided, which is used to prepare the photovoltaic module provided in the second aspect of the present invention.

[0080] The photovoltaic module manufacturing method of this utility model embodiment includes:

[0081] The edge regions around the laminate 10 are installed in the second receiving cavity 51 of the heat-shrinkable kit 50, wherein the heat-shrinkable kit 50 covers the periphery of the laminate 10 and has a second receiving cavity 51 for receiving the edge regions around the laminate 10.

[0082] Heat shrinkable kit 50 is heated so that heat shrinkable kit 50 covers part or all of the circumferential sidewalls, front edge area and back edge area of ​​laminate 10.

[0083] The laminate 10, which encapsulates the thermoplastic kit 50, is installed around the perimeter of the module frame 20 within the first receiving cavity 21, and then cured and bonded with the frame adhesive 60 to obtain the photovoltaic module.

[0084] In some alternative embodiments, a first heat-shrinkable sleeve with a larger diameter is obtained. If the circumference of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is approximately the same as the circumference of the laminate 10, the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is directly used as a heat-shrinkable kit. When the edge area around the laminate is installed in the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit, the first heat-shrinkable kit with an annular structure is directly fitted onto the edge area around the laminate 10.

[0085] In some alternative embodiments, when the axial length of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is much greater than the vertical thickness of the laminate 10, before installing the edge region around the laminate 10 into the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit, along the direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve (e.g., ... Figure 14 As shown, along the AA direction, a ring-shaped structure of a predetermined length is cut from the first heat-shrinkable sleeve to obtain a ring-shaped heat-shrinkable kit 50. The predetermined length is greater than the thickness of the laminate 10. One end of the ring-shaped heat-shrinkable kit 50 in the axial direction is bent upward toward the front edge region of the laminate 10, and the other end of the ring-shaped heat-shrinkable kit 50 in the axial direction is bent downward toward the back edge region of the laminate 10, forming a second receiving cavity 51. Installing the edge regions around the laminate 10 into the second receiving cavity 51 of the heat-shrinkable kit 50 includes: fitting the ring-shaped heat-shrinkable kit 50 onto the edge regions around the laminate 10, wherein the edge regions around the laminate extend into the second receiving cavity 51.

[0086] In some alternative embodiments, the thermoplastic kit is a second heat-shrinkable sleeve, and the two ends of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve are joined together to form an annular structure. Specifically, before installing the edge region around the laminate 10 into the second receiving cavity 51 of the heat-shrinkable kit 50, a thin strip of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve is obtained, and an axial slit is made through the second heat-shrinkable sleeve in the axial direction to form the second receiving cavity 51. The absolute value of the difference between the circumference of the laminate 10 and the circumference of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve is greater than a second preset value. The two ends of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve in the axial direction are glued together with adhesive 53 to obtain the annular heat-shrinkable kit 50. Installing the edge region around the laminate 10 into the second receiving cavity 51 of the heat-shrinkable kit 50 includes: fitting the annular heat-shrinkable kit 50 around the edge of the laminate 10, wherein the edge region around the laminate 10 extends into the second receiving cavity 51 after passing through the slit.

[0087] In some alternative embodiments, the thermoplastic kit is a second heat-shrinkable sleeve, and the two ends of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve are not butted together. Specifically, before installing the edge region around the laminate 10 into the second receiving cavity 51 of the heat-shrinkable kit 50, an axial slit is made in the heat-shrinkable sleeve along the axial direction to form the second receiving cavity 51, resulting in an elongated heat-shrinkable kit 50, wherein the absolute value of the difference between the perimeter of the laminate 10 and the perimeter of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve is greater than a second preset value. Installing the edge region around the laminate 10 into the second receiving cavity 51 of the heat-shrinkable kit 50 includes: surrounding the sidewalls of the laminate 10 with the elongated heat-shrinkable kit 50, wherein the edge region around the laminate 10 extends into the second receiving cavity 51 after passing through the slit.

[0088] In summary, this utility model provides the following technical solution:

[0089] Technical Solution 1: A composite frame, comprising: a component frame and a heat-shrinkable kit; wherein,

[0090] The component frame is located in the edge area around the laminate, and the component frame has a first receiving cavity, in which the heat-shrinkable kit is located.

[0091] The heat-shrinkable kit covers the periphery of the laminate and has a second receiving cavity that accommodates the edge regions around the periphery of the laminate; the heat-shrinkable kit covers part or all of the circumferential sidewalls, the front edge regions, and the back edge regions of the laminate after heating.

[0092] Technical Solution 2: The upper end of the heat-shrinkable kit is bent upward toward the front edge region of the laminate, and the lower end of the heat-shrinkable kit is bent downward toward the back edge region of the laminate, forming a second receiving cavity that accommodates the edge regions around the laminate.

[0093] Technical Solution 3: The heat-shrinkable kit is a first heat-shrinkable sleeve, and the absolute value of the difference between the perimeter of the laminate and the perimeter of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is less than a first preset value.

[0094] One end of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is bent upward toward the front edge region of the laminate, and the other end of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is bent downward toward the back edge region of the laminate, forming a second receiving cavity; the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is fitted around the edge region of the laminate, and the edge region of the laminate extends into the second receiving cavity.

[0095] Technical Solution 4: The heat-shrinkable kit is a second heat-shrinkable sleeve, and the absolute value of the difference between the perimeter of the laminate and the perimeter of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve is greater than a second preset value; the second heat-shrinkable sleeve has an axial slit that penetrates the second heat-shrinkable sleeve in the axial direction to form a second receiving cavity.

[0096] The second heat-shrinkable sleeve covers the sidewalls around the laminate, and the edge area around the laminate extends into the second receiving cavity after passing through the gap.

[0097] Technical Solution 5: The two ends of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve are joined together in the axial direction to form a ring structure.

[0098] Technical Solution 6: In any one of Technical Solutions 1-5, the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit is provided with kit adhesive.

[0099] Technical Solution 7: The adhesive used in Technical Solution 6 is a hot melt adhesive.

[0100] Technical Solution 8: In Technical Solution 6, the kit adhesive covers the inner surface of the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit; or, the kit adhesive is in the form of dots and / or strips, with multiple dots and / or strips of kit adhesive spaced apart from each other.

[0101] Technical Solution 9: In any one of Technical Solutions 3-5, the cross-section of the heat-shrinkable sleeve is circular, elliptical, rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, or sector-shaped.

[0102] Technical Solution 10: The material of the heat-shrinkable kit includes any one or more of the following: polyolefin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, fluororubber, and polytetrafluoroethylene.

[0103] Technical Solution 11: A photovoltaic module, comprising: a laminate, and a composite frame as described in any one of technical solutions 1-10; the edge regions around the laminate are located within a second receiving cavity of the composite frame; the composite frame, after heating, covers part or all of the circumferential sidewalls, the front edge region, and the back edge region of the laminate with a heat-shrinkable kit.

[0104] Technical Solution 12: A method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module, used to manufacture the photovoltaic module in Technical Solution 11, comprising:

[0105] The edge regions around the laminate are installed in the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit, wherein the heat-shrinkable kit covers the periphery of the laminate and has a second receiving cavity for receiving the edge regions around the laminate.

[0106] The heat-shrinkable kit is heated so that it covers part or all of the circumferential sidewalls, front edge region, and back edge region of the laminate.

[0107] The laminated part, which encapsulates the thermoplastic kit, is installed around the perimeter of the module frame into the first receiving cavity, and after curing and bonding, a photovoltaic module is obtained.

[0108] Technical Solution 13: Before installing the edge region around the laminate into the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit, a ring structure of a predetermined length is cut from the first heat-shrinkable sleeve along the axial direction perpendicular to the first heat-shrinkable sleeve to obtain a heat-shrinkable kit with a ring structure; wherein, the absolute value of the difference between the perimeter of the laminate and the perimeter of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is less than a first predetermined value, and the predetermined length is greater than the thickness of the laminate; one end of the heat-shrinkable kit with a ring structure is bent upward toward the front edge region of the laminate, and the other end of the heat-shrinkable kit with a ring structure is bent downward toward the back edge region of the laminate to form the second receiving cavity;

[0109] Installing the edge regions around the laminate into the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit includes: fitting the annular heat-shrinkable kit around the edge regions of the laminate, wherein the edge regions around the laminate extend into the second receiving cavity.

[0110] Technical Solution 14: Before installing the edge area around the laminate into the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit, an axial slit is opened along the axial direction to penetrate the second heat-shrinkable sleeve to form the second receiving cavity. The absolute value of the difference between the perimeter of the laminate and the perimeter of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve is greater than a second preset value. The two ends of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve are joined together along the axial direction to obtain a heat-shrinkable kit with an annular structure.

[0111] Installing the edge regions around the laminate into the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit includes: fitting the annular heat-shrinkable kit around the edge of the laminate, wherein the edge regions around the laminate extend into the second receiving cavity after passing through the gap.

[0112] Technical Solution 15: Before installing the edge area around the laminate into the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit, an axial slit is made in the heat-shrinkable sleeve along the axial direction to form the second receiving cavity, resulting in a strip-shaped heat-shrinkable kit, wherein the absolute value of the difference between the perimeter of the laminate and the perimeter of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve is greater than a second preset value.

[0113] Installing the edge region around the laminate into the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit includes: wrapping the elongated heat-shrinkable kit around the sidewalls of the laminate, wherein the edge region around the laminate extends into the second receiving cavity after passing through the gap.

[0114] In this embodiment of the invention, since the photovoltaic module frame does not include a baffle bonded to the upper surface of the laminate, water is less likely to flow over the photovoltaic module frame when the module is installed at a small angle (e.g., 5-30 degree tilt). This reduces the likelihood of dust accumulation and hot spots forming at the bottom of the photovoltaic module, improving the reliability of the photovoltaic module, reducing the thickness of the photovoltaic module and the cost of the photovoltaic module frame material, increasing the packaging capacity of the transportation equipment, and reducing transportation costs. Because the upper surface of the horizontal support plate is flat and the upper end of the side plate is not higher than the upper surface of the horizontal support plate, the upper surface of the horizontal support plate can be fully utilized, avoiding wasted area and improving the power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic module. Furthermore, because the upper surface of the horizontal support plate is provided with a glue storage tank, the upper surface of the horizontal support plate is bonded to the lower surface of the laminate through the frame sealant in the glue storage tank, ensuring the reliability of the bond between the laminate and the photovoltaic module frame and reducing the risk of the photovoltaic module frame detaching from the frame.

[0115] The above steps are provided only to help understand the method, structure, and core idea of ​​this utility model. For those skilled in the art, various improvements and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its principles, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A composite frame, characterized in that, include: Component borders and heat-shrinkable kits; among which, The component frame is disposed in the edge area around the laminate, and the component frame has a first receiving cavity, and the heat-shrinkable kit is located in the first receiving cavity; The heat-shrinkable kit covers the periphery of the laminate and has a second receiving cavity that accommodates the edge regions around the periphery of the laminate; when heated, the heat-shrinkable kit covers part or all of the circumferential sidewalls, the front edge region, and part or all of the back edge region of the laminate.

2. The composite frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper end of the heat-shrinkable kit bends upward toward the front edge region of the laminate, and the lower end of the heat-shrinkable kit bends downward toward the back edge region of the laminate, forming a second receiving cavity that accommodates the edge regions around the laminate.

3. The composite frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-shrinkable kit is a first heat-shrinkable sleeve, and the absolute value of the difference between the perimeter of the laminate and the perimeter of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is less than a first preset value. One end of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve in the axial direction is bent upward toward the front edge region of the laminate, and the other end of the first heat-shrinkable sleeve in the axial direction is bent downward toward the back edge region of the laminate, forming a second receiving cavity; the first heat-shrinkable sleeve is fitted around the edge region of the laminate, and the edge region of the laminate extends into the second receiving cavity.

4. The composite frame according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-shrinkable kit is a second heat-shrinkable sleeve, and the absolute value of the difference between the perimeter of the laminate and the perimeter of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve is greater than a second preset value; the second heat-shrinkable sleeve has an axial slit extending through the second heat-shrinkable sleeve in the axial direction to form a second receiving cavity. The second heat-shrinkable sleeve covers the sidewalls around the laminate, and the edge region around the laminate extends into the second receiving cavity after passing through the gap.

5. The composite frame according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two ends of the second heat-shrinkable sleeve are joined together in the axial direction to form a ring structure.

6. The composite frame according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit is provided with kit adhesive.

7. The composite frame according to claim 6, characterized in that, The adhesive covers the inner surface of the second receiving cavity of the heat-shrinkable kit; or, the adhesive is in the form of dots and / or strips, with multiple dots and / or strips of adhesive spaced apart from each other.

8. The composite frame according to any one of claims 3-5, characterized in that, The heat-shrinkable sleeve has a cross-section that is circular, elliptical, rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, or fan-shaped.

9. A photovoltaic module, characterized in that, include: A laminate, and a composite frame according to any one of claims 1-8; the edge region around the laminate is located within a second receiving cavity of the composite frame; The composite frame's heat-shrinkable kit covers part or all of the circumferential sidewalls, front edge region, and back edge region of the laminate after heating.

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