An optical communication system and core multiplexing apparatus

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of optical communication system and fiber core multiplexing equipment, it is related to wired communication technical field, the equipment includes: machine room, first optical splitter, first fiber core multiplexing device, second fiber core multiplexing device, second optical splitter, user side optical network terminal and base station side radio frequency end;Wherein: the equipment in machine room is respectively with first optical splitter and first fiber core multiplexing device optical connection;First optical splitter is connected with first fiber core multiplexing device by optical transmission medium and optical connection;First fiber core multiplexing device is connected with second fiber core multiplexing device and optical connection;Second fiber core multiplexing device is connected with second optical splitter and optical connection;Second fiber core multiplexing device is connected with base station side radio frequency end and optical connection;Second optical splitter is connected with user side optical network terminal and optical connection.The system and equipment provided by the utility model realize the efficient multiplexing of fiber core, solve the problem of fiber core shortage in engineering implementation process, reduce investment cost and shorten construction period, effectively improve network coverage, reduce construction cost and difficulty.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of wired communication technology, and in particular to an optical communication system and a fiber core multiplexing device. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, the planning, design, and construction of wireless communication base station transmission facilities and wired home broadband networks are typically independent. Wireless communication base station transmission lines usually involve constructing new 12-core or 24-core optical cables to the wireless base station equipment room to meet fronthaul fiber requirements. Wired home broadband, on the other hand, uses a series connection method, with each node using a 1+1 or 1+2 fiber core configuration to address PON terminal access issues.

[0003] In rural areas, although overall network coverage has achieved some success after years of 4G / 5G construction and system optimization, weak coverage in low-density areas remains a prominent issue. Using traditional macro base stations or remote extension methods to address this is not only costly but also faces challenges such as coordination difficulties and long construction periods. Directly utilizing existing wired home broadband fiber optic cables leads to a shortage of fiber optic cables. Utility Model Content

[0004] This invention provides an optical communication system and fiber core multiplexing device that enables the wireless micro base station fronthaul signal to be combined with the wired home broadband optical network signal.

[0005] An optical communication system includes: an equipment room, a primary optical splitter, a first fiber-core multiplexing device, a second fiber-core multiplexing device, a secondary optical splitter, a user-side optical network terminal, and a base station-side radio frequency terminal; wherein, the equipment in the equipment room is optically connected to the primary optical splitter and the first fiber-core multiplexing device respectively; the primary optical splitter is optically connected to the first fiber-core multiplexing device through an optical transmission medium; the first fiber-core multiplexing device is optically connected to the second fiber-core multiplexing device; the second fiber-core multiplexing device is optically connected to the secondary optical splitter; the second fiber-core multiplexing device is optically connected to the base station-side radio frequency terminal; and the secondary optical splitter is optically connected to the user-side optical network terminal.

[0006] Furthermore, the fiber-core multiplexing device includes a broadband signal interface, a common interface, and a base station signal interface; wherein: the first fiber-core multiplexing device is optically connected to the equipment in the equipment room via the base station signal interface; the first fiber-core multiplexing device is optically connected to the first-stage optical splitter via a broadband signal; the first fiber-core multiplexing device is optically connected to the common interface of the second fiber-core multiplexing device via the common interface; the second fiber-core multiplexing device is optically connected to the second-stage optical splitter via the broadband signal interface; and the second fiber-core multiplexing device is optically connected to the radio frequency terminal on the base station side via the base station signal interface.

[0007] Furthermore, the broadband signal of the first fiber core multiplexing device is optically connected to the first-stage optical splitter via an FC fiber optic patch cord; the broadband signal interface of the second fiber core multiplexing device is optically connected to the second-stage optical splitter via an FC fiber optic patch cord.

[0008] Furthermore, the equipment in the equipment room includes an indoor baseband processing unit and an optical line terminal; wherein: the indoor baseband processing unit is optically connected to the first fiber core multiplexing device through the base station signal interface of the first fiber core multiplexing device; the optical line terminal is optically connected to the first-stage optical splitter.

[0009] Furthermore, the equipment in the equipment room also includes a first fiber optic distribution frame; the system also includes a second fiber optic distribution frame; wherein: the indoor baseband processing unit and the optical line terminal are respectively optically connected to the first fiber optic distribution frame; the first fiber optic distribution frame is optically connected to the second fiber optic distribution frame; the first interface of the second fiber optic distribution frame is optically connected to the base station signal interface of the first fiber core multiplexing device; and the second interface of the second fiber optic distribution frame is optically connected to the first-stage optical splitter.

[0010] Furthermore, the fiber core multiplexing device includes a wavelength division multiplexer, an optical amplifier, a broadband signal interface, a common interface, and a base station signal interface; wherein: the base station signal interface and the broadband signal interface are optically connected to the wavelength division multiplexer; the wavelength division multiplexer is optically connected to the optical amplifier; and the optical amplifier is optically connected to the common interface.

[0011] Furthermore, the base station signal interface and the broadband signal interface are optically connected to the wavelength division multiplexer via erbium-doped fiber; the wavelength division multiplexer is optically connected to the optical amplifier via erbium-doped fiber; and the optical amplifier is optically connected to the common interface via erbium-doped fiber.

[0012] Furthermore, the wavelength division multiplexer includes a filter-type wavelength division multiplexer.

[0013] Furthermore, the optical amplifier includes a passive optical amplifier.

[0014] A fiber core multiplexing device includes: the fiber core multiplexing device described in the optical communication system above.

[0015] This utility model provides an optical communication system and device that performs multiplexing processing on the fronthaul signal of a wireless micro base station and the passive optical signal of a wired home broadband, reusing the existing wired home broadband fiber optic network. This allows the micro base station to access the network at the nearest point with the shortest distance, meeting the last-mile access requirements of the micro base station, achieving efficient reuse of fiber cores, solving the problem of insufficient fiber cores during engineering implementation, reducing investment costs and shortening the construction cycle, effectively improving network coverage, and reducing construction costs and difficulties. It is suitable for the construction of micro base station transmission support in rural areas. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical communication system provided in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical communication system provided in two embodiments of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a fiber core reuse device provided in two embodiments of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0021] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0022] Example 1

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an optical communication system according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system includes: a computer room 101, a primary optical splitter 102, a first fiber core multiplexing device 103, a second fiber core multiplexing device 104, a secondary optical splitter 105, a user-side optical network terminal 106, and a base station-side radio frequency terminal 107; wherein:

[0024] The equipment in the equipment room 101 is optically connected to the first-level optical splitter 102 and the first fiber core multiplexing device 103, respectively. The first-level optical splitter 102 is optically connected to the first fiber core multiplexing device 103 through an optical transmission medium. The first fiber core multiplexing device 103 is optically connected to the second fiber core multiplexing device 104. The second fiber core multiplexing device 104 is optically connected to the second-level optical splitter 105. The second fiber core multiplexing device 104 is optically connected to the base station-side radio frequency terminal 107. The second-level optical splitter 105 is optically connected to the user-side optical network terminal 106.

[0025] Before system deployment, a site survey is required. If the system is to be deployed in a rural area, a detailed on-site survey of the rural area is necessary. Firstly, a comprehensive assessment of the local network conditions is required, including the usage of existing fiber optic cores, the location and performance of primary and secondary splitters, and the level of interference from surrounding wireless signals. Secondly, the geographical environment and building distribution must be evaluated to ensure that the installation location of the fiber core multiplexing device can conveniently utilize existing fiber cores while guaranteeing signal transmission stability. Ideally, a location with open terrain and minimal interference should be chosen. For example, in Village A, a location on a hillside with a wide view, no obstructions, and the ability to utilize existing 12-meter utility poles would provide favorable conditions for the deployment of the fiber core multiplexing device.

[0026] Specifically, in the optical communication system, optical communication between the user-side optical network terminal 106 (such as an optical modem) and the equipment in the equipment room 101 can be achieved through a first optical path. In the first optical path, the optical signal emitted by the user-side optical network terminal 106 is transmitted to the equipment in the equipment room 101 through a secondary optical splitter 105, a second fiber core multiplexing device 104, a first fiber core multiplexing device 103, and a primary optical splitter 102. Optical communication between the base station-side radio frequency terminal 107 and the equipment in the equipment room 101 can be achieved through a second optical path. In the second optical path, the optical signal emitted by the base station-side radio frequency terminal 107 is transmitted to the equipment in the equipment room 101 through a secondary optical splitter 105, a second fiber core multiplexing device 104, a first fiber core multiplexing device 103, and a primary optical splitter 102. The second fiber core multiplexing device is used to receive optical signals sent by the user-side optical network terminal 106 and the base station-side radio frequency terminal 107 respectively, and combine these two types of optical signals to the output terminal. The first fiber core multiplexing device is used to receive the optical signal output by the output terminal of the second fiber core multiplexing device, and demultiplex the optical signal for output.

[0027] The optical communication system provided in Embodiment 1 of this utility model combines the fronthaul signal of a wireless micro base station with the passive optical network signal of a wired home broadband, reusing the existing wired home broadband fiber optic network. This allows the micro base station to access the network at the nearest point with the shortest distance, meeting the last-mile access requirements of the micro base station, achieving efficient reuse of fiber cores, solving the problem of insufficient fiber cores during project implementation, reducing investment costs and shortening the construction cycle, effectively improving network coverage, reducing construction costs and difficulties, and is suitable for the construction of micro base station transmission support in rural areas.

[0028] Example 2

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical communication system provided in Embodiment 2 of this utility model. Figure 2As shown, this system includes: an optical line terminal 201 in the equipment room, an indoor baseband processing unit 202, a first optical fiber distribution frame 203, a second optical fiber distribution frame 204, a primary optical splitter 205, a first fiber core multiplexing device 206, a second fiber core multiplexing device 207, a secondary optical splitter 208, a user-side optical network terminal 209, and a base station-side radio frequency terminal 210.

[0030] The optical communication system of this embodiment is based on the first embodiment and further includes:

[0031] Optionally, the fiber multiplexing device includes a broadband signal interface, a common interface, and a base station signal interface; wherein: the first fiber multiplexing device 206 is optically connected to the equipment in the equipment room via the base station signal interface; the first fiber multiplexing device 206 is optically connected to the first-stage optical splitter 205 via the broadband signal interface; the first fiber multiplexing device 206 is optically connected to the common interface of the second fiber multiplexing device via the common interface; the second fiber multiplexing device is optically connected to the second-stage optical splitter 208 via the broadband signal interface; and the second fiber multiplexing device is optically connected to the base station-side radio frequency terminal 210 via the base station signal interface.

[0032] Optionally, the broadband signal of the first fiber core multiplexing device 206 is optically connected to the first-stage optical splitter 205 via an FC fiber optic patch cord; the broadband signal interface of the second fiber core multiplexing device is optically connected to the second-stage optical splitter 208 via an FC fiber optic patch cord.

[0033] Optionally, the equipment in the equipment room includes an indoor baseband processing unit 202 and an optical line terminal 201; wherein: the indoor baseband processing unit 202 is optically connected to the first fiber core multiplexing device 206 through the base station signal interface of the first fiber core multiplexing device 206; the optical line terminal 201 is optically connected to the first-stage optical splitter 205.

[0034] Optionally, the equipment in the equipment room further includes a first fiber optic distribution frame 203; the system also includes a second fiber optic distribution frame 204; wherein: the indoor baseband processing unit 202 and the optical line terminal 201 are optically connected to the first fiber optic distribution frame 203 respectively; the first fiber optic distribution frame 203 is optically connected to the second fiber optic distribution frame 204; the first interface of the second fiber optic distribution frame 204 is optically connected to the base station signal interface of the first fiber core multiplexing device 206; and the second interface of the second fiber optic distribution frame 204 is optically connected to the first-stage optical splitter 205.

[0035] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a fiber core reuse device. Figure 3As shown, the core multiplexing device includes a wavelength division multiplexer 301, an optical amplifier 302, a broadband signal interface 303, a common interface 304, and a base station signal interface 305. Specifically: the base station signal interface 305 and the broadband signal interface 303 are optically connected to the wavelength division multiplexer 301; the wavelength division multiplexer 301 is optically connected to the optical amplifier 302; and the optical amplifier 302 is optically connected to the common interface 304.

[0036] Optionally, the base station signal interface 305 and the broadband signal interface 303 are optically connected to the wavelength division multiplexer 301 via erbium-doped fiber; the wavelength division multiplexer 301 is optically connected to the optical amplifier 302 via erbium-doped fiber; and the optical amplifier 302 is optically connected to the common interface 304 via erbium-doped fiber.

[0037] Optionally, the wavelength division multiplexer 301 includes a filter-type wavelength division multiplexer.

[0038] Optionally, the optical amplifier 302 may include a passive optical amplifier.

[0039] Specifically, the fiber-core multiplexing device is deployed between the primary and secondary optical splitters where existing network optical cables have limited fiber cores. During connection, the broadband signal interface of the first fiber-core multiplexing device is connected to the primary optical splitter via a compatible FC fiber optic patch cord to ensure stable transmission of the broadband signal back to the OLT (Optical Line Terminal) in the equipment room. The base station signal interface of the first fiber-core multiplexing device is connected back to the BBU (Indoor Baseband Unit) in the equipment room via an LC fiber optic patch cord through an ODF (Optical Distribution Frame). The broadband signal interface of the second fiber-core multiplexing device is connected to the secondary optical splitter using an FC fiber optic patch cord. The base station signal interface of the second fiber-core multiplexing device is connected to the wireless base station RF equipment (i.e., the base station-side RF end) via an LC fiber optic patch cord. During installation, the fiber optic connection operation specifications should be strictly followed to ensure the tightness and accuracy of the fiber optic connection and reduce signal loss. For different types of fiber optic interfaces, appropriate cleaning tools and testing equipment should be used for cleaning and testing before and after connection to ensure connection quality.

[0040] Specifically, the fiber core multiplexing device uses erbium-doped fiber to connect the port to a filter-type wavelength division multiplexer and a passive optical amplifier, enabling the multiplexing of four broadband and base station optical signals to the output port. The main components of this device include:

[0041] Casing: Made of polyvinyl chloride, which is inexpensive, stable, dustproof, waterproof and corrosion resistant, protecting the internal components of the device and preventing damage from the external environment.

[0042] Connecting optical fiber: Erbium-doped optical fiber is used, which has the characteristics of low fiber loss coefficient, good gain curve, large amplifier bandwidth, compatibility with wavelength division multiplexing system, stable working performance, and mature technology.

[0043] Wavelength Division Multiplexer: This is a filter-type wavelength division multiplexer, a micro-optical structure device that uses thin-film filter technology to achieve the multiplexing and demultiplexing of signals of specific wavelengths. This device features low insertion loss, high isolation, low polarization correlation loss, and high stability.

[0044] Optical amplifier: A passive optical amplifier (such as EDFA) is used, which is an optical gainer that does not require external energy input and amplifies the input optical signal by utilizing the principle of stimulated emission.

[0045] in:

[0046] The common interface and broadband signal interface of the fiber optic multiplexing device adopt FC fiber optic interfaces, which are compatible with existing home broadband networks. During the design process, the mechanical and optical performance of the FC interface was fully considered to ensure interface insertion and removal life, connection stability, and signal transmission quality. Simultaneously, compatibility testing was conducted on the interface to ensure it can connect normally with home broadband network equipment from different manufacturers and of different models. The base station signal interface adopts an LC fiber optic interface, compatible with existing base station equipment, and connects to single-core multimode fiber. For the LC interface, its internal structure design was optimized to improve optical signal coupling efficiency and reduce insertion loss. When connecting to base station equipment, interface matching tests were performed to ensure that the physical dimensions, optical parameters, and electrical parameters of the interface are well compatible with the base station equipment.

[0047] To ensure the reliability and stability of the interfaces, all interfaces are designed with protective features. Dustproof, waterproof, and corrosion-resistant protective covers are installed on the outside of the interfaces to prevent damage from external environmental factors. Simultaneously, an interface management module is installed inside the fiber optic multiplexing device to monitor the interface's operating status in real time, including signal strength and connection status. Once an interface anomaly is detected, an alarm is issued promptly, fault diagnosis is performed, and maintenance personnel are prompted to take appropriate action. For example, when a decrease in signal strength is detected at a certain interface, the system automatically determines whether there is a loose fiber connection or interface contamination, and prompts maintenance personnel to tighten or clean the connection.

[0048] Fiber optic multiplexing devices can meet the transmission characteristics of existing home broadband networks, supporting gigabit home broadband network evolution and 4G / 5G network support. The internal optical and electrical components of the fiber optic multiplexing device are optimized to meet different wavelength and bit rate requirements. For example, the device supports common broadband wavelengths, gigabit broadband wavelengths, and wavelengths adapted to wireless base station equipment, employing high-precision optical filters and wavelength converters to ensure accurate transmission of signals at different wavelengths. In terms of bit rate, the device supports common broadband bit rates of 2.5Gbps / 1.5Gbps, gigabit broadband bit rates of 10Gbps / 2.5Gbps, 4G base station fronthaul bit rates of 10Gbps, and 5G base station fronthaul bit rates of 25Gbps. This configuration improves the signal transmission rate and anti-interference capability of the fiber optic multiplexing device, ensuring signal accuracy and stability at high bit rates.

[0049] To achieve low insertion loss characteristics in fiber-core multiplexing devices, low-loss optical fibers, optical couplers, and optical amplifiers are used in the selection of optical components to reduce energy loss of optical signals during transmission. Through the combined application of these measures, the insertion loss of the fiber-core multiplexing device is controlled at a low level, ensuring signal transmission quality.

[0050] For example, utilizing home broadband fiber optic core resources for base station transmission eliminates the need for additional transmission construction costs. In terms of cost, this effectively saves investment; for instance, village B saved 0.6 million yuan in new transmission construction investment by adopting this solution. The construction cycle is also significantly shortened. Traditionally, building a large base station typically takes 2 to 3 months, while this solution, combined with rapid installation, allows for site activation in an average of 10 days, with the fastest taking only 6 days, greatly improving construction efficiency.

[0051] Optionally, when a spare fiber core exists between the primary and secondary optical splitters, the BBU and RRU employ single-core bidirectional optical modules, utilizing existing fiber cores for direct drive. In this case, comprehensive performance testing of the spare fiber core is required, including attenuation and bandwidth testing, to ensure it meets transmission requirements. Simultaneously, after properly configuring the optical module parameters, the transmit power and receive sensitivity are adjusted according to transmission distance and signal strength requirements. If no spare fiber core exists, a passive wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) device is added, utilizing existing fiber cores to simultaneously transmit broadband and wireless signals. When deploying the passive WDM device, precise calculation of multiplexing and demultiplexing parameters for each wavelength signal is necessary to ensure stable transmission of broadband and wireless signals within the same fiber core without interference. Regular performance monitoring and maintenance of the passive WDM device are also required to promptly identify and resolve potential problems.

[0052] This utility model embodiment also provides a fiber core multiplexing device, which is the fiber core multiplexing device described above and has the corresponding features, functions and beneficial effects.

[0053] The optical communication system and equipment provided in Embodiment 2 of this utility model can reuse fiber cores for home broadband signals and wireless base station signals in rural scenarios where fiber cores are limited, greatly reducing the amount of fiber cores used. This enables rapid and low-cost deployment and application of broadband and wireless networks, reduces construction costs, improves network coverage efficiency, enhances customer satisfaction, and generates economic and social benefits.

Claims

1. An optical communication system, characterized in that, include: The equipment room, primary optical splitter, first fiber core multiplexing device, second fiber core multiplexing device, secondary optical splitter, user-side optical network terminal, and base station-side radio frequency terminal; among which: The equipment in the equipment room is optically connected to the first-level optical splitter and the first fiber core multiplexing device, respectively; the first-level optical splitter is optically connected to the first fiber core multiplexing device through an optical transmission medium; the first fiber core multiplexing device is optically connected to the second fiber core multiplexing device; the second fiber core multiplexing device is optically connected to the second-level optical splitter; and the second fiber core multiplexing device is optically connected to the radio frequency terminal on the base station side. The secondary optical splitter is optically connected to the user-side optical network terminal.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fiber core multiplexing device includes a broadband signal interface, a common interface, and a base station signal interface; wherein: The first fiber multiplexing device is optically connected to the equipment in the equipment room via a base station signal interface; the first fiber multiplexing device is optically connected to the first-stage optical splitter via a broadband signal; the first fiber multiplexing device is optically connected to the common interface of the second fiber multiplexing device via a common interface; the second fiber multiplexing device is optically connected to the second-stage optical splitter via a broadband signal interface; and the second fiber multiplexing device is optically connected to the radio frequency terminal on the base station side via a base station signal interface.

3. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The broadband signal of the first fiber core multiplexing device is optically connected to the first-stage optical splitter via an FC fiber optic patch cord; the broadband signal interface of the second fiber core multiplexing device is optically connected to the second-stage optical splitter via an FC fiber optic patch cord.

4. The system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The equipment in the computer room includes an indoor baseband processing unit and an optical line terminal; wherein: The indoor baseband processing unit is optically connected to the first fiber core multiplexing device through the base station signal interface of the first fiber core multiplexing device; the optical line terminal is optically connected to the first-level optical splitter.

5. The system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The equipment in the computer room also includes a first fiber optic distribution frame; the system also includes a second fiber optic distribution frame; wherein: The indoor baseband processing unit and the optical line terminal are optically connected to the first optical fiber distribution frame, respectively; the first optical fiber distribution frame is optically connected to the second optical fiber distribution frame; the first interface of the second optical fiber distribution frame is optically connected to the base station signal interface of the first fiber core multiplexing device; and the second interface of the second optical fiber distribution frame is optically connected to the first-stage optical splitter.

6. The system according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, The fiber core multiplexing device includes a wavelength division multiplexer, an optical amplifier, a broadband signal interface, a common interface, and a base station signal interface; among which: The base station signal interface and the broadband signal interface are optically connected to the wavelength division multiplexer; the wavelength division multiplexer is optically connected to the optical amplifier; and the optical amplifier is optically connected to the common interface.

7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The base station signal interface and the broadband signal interface are optically connected to the wavelength division multiplexer via erbium-doped fiber; the wavelength division multiplexer is optically connected to the optical amplifier via erbium-doped fiber; and the optical amplifier is optically connected to the common interface via erbium-doped fiber.

8. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The wavelength division multiplexer includes a filter-type wavelength division multiplexer.

9. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The optical amplifier includes a passive optical amplifier.

10. A fiber core reuse device, characterized in that, The device is the fiber core reuse device according to any one of claims 1-9.

Images