An agricultural unmanned aerial vehicle seed spreader

Abstract

The utility model discloses an agricultural unmanned plane fly broadcaster, including stock bin, fly material disc, main shaft, lifting plate, lifting control device and rotary drive arrangement. The lower part of stock bin is equipped with the discharge gate, and fly material disc is located below the discharge gate and has high and low position state, and high position blocks the discharge gate and prevents leakage, and low position opens and supplies seed to throw and scatter, main shaft vertically passes the discharge gate, and the bottom end is connected with fly material disc, and the peripheral wall forms seed channel with the inner wall of discharge gate, lifting plate can reciprocate along the main shaft axis, and the upper end of main shaft is rotatably connected with it, lifting control device drives lifting plate to drive main shaft and fly material disc to switch state, and rotary drive arrangement transmission connection main shaft controls fly material disc rotation. The fly broadcaster does not need independent valve, reduces the cost, avoids the failure of valve and leaks material, adapts unmanned plane operation, and guarantees the sowing effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural seeding technology, specifically to an agricultural drone seeding device. Background Technology

[0002] Aerial seeders are devices mounted on drones for agricultural aerial seeding operations. These include centrifugal seeders, which typically use a feed tray at the bottom to centrifugally rotate seeds stored in a hopper for large-area aerial seeding. Currently, most aerial seeders control seed dispensing from the hopper using independent valves. This increases purchase costs, especially when the hopper contains multiple independent storage units, each with its own valve. Furthermore, if a valve malfunctions and fails to close properly, all seeds can leak out of the outlet at once, negatively impacting normal aerial seeding operations. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide an agricultural drone seeder that independently controls the lifting and lowering of the seed tray, thus solving the technical problems of existing drone seeders that rely on independent valves to control the discharge, leading to increased purchase costs and easy seed leakage when the valves fail.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model specifically provides the following technical solution: An agricultural drone seeding device includes: A silo for storing seeds, with a discharge port at the bottom; The fly tray, located below the discharge port, sows seeds by centrifugal force. The fly tray has a high position state and a low position state. High position: The fly tray blocks the outlet of the hopper to form a leak-proof sealing structure; Low position: The fly tray moves away from and opens the discharge port, allowing seeds to be scattered along the rotation trajectory of the fly tray; The main shaft passes vertically through the discharge port, and the bottom end of the main shaft is fixedly connected to the fly tray. The peripheral wall and the inner wall of the discharge port form a channel for seeds to pass through. A lifting plate is mounted on the hopper and is capable of reciprocating along the axis of the main shaft. The upper end of the main shaft is rotatably connected to the lifting plate. A lifting control device is installed on the hopper and connected to the lifting plate to drive the lifting plate to reciprocate up and down, thereby driving the main shaft and the flyboard to switch between the high position and the low position. A rotary drive device is fixedly mounted on the lifting plate and is connected to the main shaft for transmission. It is used to control the rotation of the main shaft, thereby driving the fly disc to rotate and achieve fly seeding.

[0005] Preferably, the lifting height of the flying material tray driven by the lifting control device is configured as follows: Ascent height: When the flying material tray is in the high position, its lowest point is higher than the lowest point of the structure where the UAV contacts the ground, so as to avoid collision of the flying material tray when the UAV takes off and lands; Descent height: When the fly tray is in the low position, its seed-scattering path is lower than the lowest point of the drone, avoiding obstruction by the drone's own structure and ensuring uniform sowing.

[0006] Preferably, the central part of the fly material tray connected to the main shaft is raised to form a cone structure. When the fly material tray is in a high position, the conical surface of the cone structure abuts against the inner edge of the material outlet end of the hopper.

[0007] Preferably, a collar is provided at the discharge port of the hopper. The inner ring of the collar is clearance-fitted with the main shaft and the axes are collinear. The outer ring of the collar extends outward to form a connecting rod that is radially fixed relative to the surrounding structure of the hopper or discharge port. Space is left around the connecting rod for seeds to fall onto the fly tray. The collar and the connecting rod form radial support for the main shaft, reducing radial vibration when the main shaft rotates.

[0008] Preferably, the upper end of the collar is tightened inward so that the outer periphery of the collar has a conical structure that can prevent seeds from accumulating at the upper end of the collar.

[0009] Preferably, the upward-facing side of the connecting rod has a prismatic structure.

[0010] Preferably, the discharge port of the hopper extends downward to form a discharge pipe, and a movable sleeve is axially movably provided at the lower end of the discharge pipe. The connecting rod is fixedly connected to the movable sleeve, so that the collar, the connecting rod and the discharge pipe are radially relatively fixed.

[0011] Preferably, the outer periphery of the discharge pipe and the movable sleeve is provided with an elastic abutment portion that elastically abuts the movable sleeve against the discharge pipe. A rotary fan is also rotatably provided on the outer periphery of the discharge pipe, and a transmission component is provided on the outer periphery of the discharge pipe to convert the rotation of the rotary fan into the axial reciprocating motion of the movable sleeve.

[0012] Preferably, the transmission assembly includes: A docking ring is fixedly connected to the movable sleeve and is arranged around the outside of the discharge pipe. Its upper end face is corrugated. The elastic abutment part is connected to the docking ring to provide an upward elastic force. The contact point is fixed at the bottom of the rotating fan and abuts against the upper end face of the docking ring; The guide component guides the docking ring to reciprocate along the axial direction, preventing radial offset.

[0013] Preferably, the hopper includes a hopper top, the lifting control device includes a second guide column whose axis is fixed vertically above the hopper top, the lifting plate is fitted with the second guide column through a through hole, the lifting control device also includes an eccentric wheel slide mechanism and a servo motor, the servo motor is connected to the input end of the eccentric wheel slide mechanism, and the output end of the eccentric wheel slide mechanism is fixedly connected to the lifting plate to realize stable reciprocating drive of the lifting plate; The eccentric wheel slide mechanism includes a side plate with a horizontal slide groove and an eccentric wheel. The side plate is fixedly connected to the lifting plate. The axis of the eccentric wheel is horizontally set, and its eccentric shaft is slidably engaged with the slide groove. The central axis of the eccentric wheel is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor. The servo motor drives the eccentric wheel to rotate, thereby driving the side plate and the lifting plate to reciprocate up and down along the second guide post.

[0014] This invention provides a means of controlling the discharge using a fly tray, replacing or assisting valves to solve the problem of seeds leaking out all at once when valves fail. Furthermore, the height change of the fly tray allows for changes in the relative position of the drone to meet different relative height requirements during shutdown and aerial seeding. To address the radial vibration problem that may be caused by extending the main shaft due to the aforementioned reasons, a radial support structure has been added. The specific shape of this structure has been specifically improved to address the potential impact of such structures on seed discharge. Finally, a fan structure is used to further improve the smoothness of the discharge by utilizing wind power. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a longitudinal section diagram of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the feed tray used in this practical application.

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of a portion of point A in the middle.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the collar and connecting rod structure of this utility model. Figure 1 .

[0020] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the collar and connecting rod structure of this utility model. Figure 2 .

[0021] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the mating ring and contact point for this practical application.

[0022] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the lifting control device of this utility model.

[0023] The labels in the diagram represent the following: 1. Hopper; 11. Discharge pipe; 111. Flange; 12. Collar; 13. Connecting rod; 14. Movable sleeve; 141. First guide post; 142. Rubber ring; 15. Elastic abutment part; 16. Rotary fan; 17. Guide component; 18. Connecting ring; 19. Abutment point; 2. Flying tray; 3. Main shaft; 4. Lifting plate; 5. Lifting control device; 51. Second guide post; 511. Guide post mounting base; 52. Eccentric wheel sliding groove mechanism; 53. Servo motor; 6. Rotary drive device. Detailed Implementation

[0024] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0025] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, hopper 1 is used to store seeds, and its lower part has a pre-set discharge port. The inner wall of the discharge port can be coated with a smooth coating (such as polytetrafluoroethylene) to reduce the resistance of seed falling. The fly tray 2 is arranged below the discharge port, and the tray surface can be equipped with radial guide grooves (2-5mm deep) to improve the uniformity of centrifugal scattering. The fly tray 2 has a high position and a low position. In the high position, the fly tray 2 tightly seals the discharge port of hopper 1 to form a leak-proof sealing structure. The gap between the fly tray 2 and the discharge port is controlled at 0-2mm to ensure that no seeds leak out. In the low position... The fly tray 2 is positioned far from the discharge port, with a distance of 5-15cm between them, allowing seeds to be scattered along its rotational trajectory. The main shaft 3, made of high-strength, lightweight alloy (such as 6061 aluminum alloy), vertically penetrates the discharge port, and its bottom end is fixedly connected to the fly tray 2 by bolts or welding. A channel for seeds to pass through is reserved between the peripheral wall and the inner wall of the discharge port, with a clearance controlled at 8-15mm to ensure smooth seed passage without excessive shaking. The lifting plate 4, made of carbon fiber or stainless steel, can move along the axis of the main shaft 3. The linear reciprocating motion is mounted on the hopper 1, with a reciprocating motion resistance of less than 5N. The upper end of the main shaft 3 is rotatably connected to the lifting plate 4 via a deep groove ball bearing. The bearing precision is no less than P6 grade to reduce rotational wear. The lifting control device 5 is installed on the hopper 1 and connected to the lifting plate 4. The connection method adopts a detachable bolt structure for easy maintenance and provides reciprocating lifting power. The rotary drive device 6 is fixedly mounted on the lifting plate 4 and drives the main shaft 3. It can be a DC brushless motor (suitable for large seed particles / high speed requirements), a hybrid stepper motor (suitable for precise speed control scenarios), or a micro servo motor (suitable for small load and lightweight requirements). It is fixed to the lifting plate 4 via a motor mounting bracket. The motor output shaft is connected to the upper end of the main shaft 3 via a flexible coupling to compensate for installation coaxiality errors. The speed is adjustable from 500 to 3000 rpm, adapting to different seed particle sizes (small seeds correspond to high speed, large seeds correspond to medium and low speed). It is used to control the rotation of the main shaft 3, thereby driving the fly tray 2 to rotate to achieve fly seeding. When the flying material tray 2 is in a high position, it is close to the discharge port, which can reduce the shaking and collision of seeds in the hopper 1 during transportation or drone take-off and landing, and reduce the seed breakage rate; the lifting plate 4 serves as an integrated carrier, making the lifting and rotation drive structure compact, reducing the space occupied by the drone and improving flight stability.

[0026] The lifting control device 5 drives the lifting height of the seed tray 2 to be configured as follows: When the seed tray 2 is in a high position, its lowest point must be 3-5cm higher than the lowest point of the drone's grounding structure (such as landing gear) to prevent collisions between the seed tray 2 and ground protrusions during drone takeoff and landing. When the seed tray 2 is in a low position, its seed-scattering path must be 5-8cm lower than the lowest point of the drone to avoid obstruction by the drone's own structure and ensure uniform sowing. The lifting stroke of the seed tray 2 is adjustable (adjustment range 10-30cm), allowing it to adapt to different crop sowing density requirements (short stroke for dense planting, long stroke for sparse planting) without adjusting the drone's flight altitude, thus improving operational efficiency. In its high position, the seed tray 2 provides protection, preventing foreign objects from entering the hopper 1 during idle periods or transportation.

[0027] Reference Figure 2 As shown, the central connection point of the fly tray 2 with the main shaft 3 forms an upward-protruding conical structure. The conical surface 21 of this structure has an inclination angle of 45-60° and a smooth surface treatment (roughness Ra≤0.8μm). When the fly tray 2 is in a high position, the conical surface 21 abuts against the inner edge of the discharge end of the hopper 1. A flexible sealing gasket (such as a silicone gasket) can be placed on the contact surface to enhance the leak-proof effect. The conical structure can disperse the impact force of falling seeds, preventing seeds from concentrating on the same position of the fly tray 2 and causing damage. The buffering effect of the sealing gasket can reduce the collision noise between the fly tray 2 and the discharge port during the lifting and lowering switching, and extend the service life of the components.

[0028] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, a collar 12 is provided at the discharge port of the hopper 1. The collar 12 is made of wear-resistant engineering plastic (such as PA66 + glass fiber) or metal. The inner ring is clearance-fitted with the main shaft 3 and the axes are collinear. The clearance is 0.1-0.3mm to ensure smooth rotation and accurate radial positioning. The outer ring of the collar 12 extends outward to form a connecting rod 13 that is radially fixed to the surrounding structure of the hopper 1 or the discharge port. There are 3-4 connecting rods 13, which are evenly distributed along the outer ring of the collar 12 (with an included angle of 90° or 120°). The cross-section is rectangular (width 8-12mm, thickness 3-5mm). Space is left on the periphery for seeds to fall onto the fly tray 2. The total area of ​​the reserved seed falling space is not less than 70% of the area of ​​the discharge port. The collar 12 and the connecting rod 13 form radial support for the main shaft 3, reducing the radial vibration when the main shaft 3 rotates. The evenly distributed connecting rods 13 can prevent local shading when seeds fall, thus improving the uniformity of falling. The support structure formed by the collar and connecting rods can improve the rotational coaxiality of the main shaft 3, making the centrifugal throwing trajectory of the flyer 2 more stable and further improving the sowing accuracy. The metal collar and connecting rods can enhance the structural rigidity and adapt to harsh field environments (such as wind, sand, and bumps).

[0029] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the upper end of the collar 12 tightens inward, giving the outer periphery a conical structure that prevents seeds from accumulating at the upper end of the collar 12. The angle between the conical surface and the horizontal plane is 30-45°, and the edges of the conical surface are rounded (radius 1-2mm) to prevent scratching the seeds. The conical structure guides the seeds to fall obliquely downward, preventing them from accumulating below the discharge port and ensuring that the seeds are evenly distributed on the fly tray 2. The rounded corner design reduces frictional damage between the seeds and the collar 12, making it especially suitable for seeds with delicate skins (such as vegetable seeds).

[0030] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the upward-facing side of the connecting rod 13 has a prismatic structure, with its ridges forming an angle of 15-30° with the direction of seed descent. The apex of the prismatic structure is an acute angle (30-45°). The prismatic structure can break the adhesion force of the seeds during descent (such as the stickiness of damp seeds), promoting seed dispersion; the acute angle design reduces the time the seeds stay on the surface of the connecting rod 13, while also preventing excessive bouncing of the seeds due to impact, ensuring a stable descent trajectory.

[0031] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 As shown, the discharge port of the hopper 1 extends downward to form a discharge pipe 11. The discharge pipe 11 is made of circular steel or plastic pipe, with an inner diameter 5-10mm larger than the discharge port to facilitate seed transfer. A movable sleeve 14 is axially movable at the lower end of the discharge pipe 11. The fit clearance between the movable sleeve 14 and the discharge pipe 11 is 0.5-1mm, and the axial movement stroke is 5-10mm. An annular groove is provided on the inner side of the upper end of the movable sleeve 14, and a rubber ring 142 is embedded in the groove. The rubber ring 142 is made of wear-resistant and elastic silicone or nitrile rubber, with a cross-sectional diameter of 3-5mm. The inner diameter of the rubber ring 142 is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the discharge pipe 11 (interference 0.2-0.3mm) to ensure that when the movable sleeve 14 and the discharge pipe 11 move axially relative to each other, the rubber ring 142 always fits tightly against the contact surface of the two, which does not affect the axial vibration of the movable sleeve 14, and can also prevent seeds from leaking out of the gap between the two or being damaged by collision, while also playing a role in buffering and noise reduction. The connecting rod 13 and the movable sleeve 14 are fixed by welding or threaded connection, so that the collar 12, the connecting rod 13 and the discharge pipe 11 are radially fixed. The axial movement margin of the movable sleeve 14 can buffer the vibration transmission of the main shaft 3, reduce the impact on the hopper 1, and protect the sealing structure of the hopper 1. The split design allows the collar 12 and the connecting rod 13 to be disassembled and replaced separately, reducing maintenance costs, and is especially suitable for easily worn operating scenarios.

[0032] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 3As shown, the outer periphery of the discharge pipe 11 and the movable sleeve 14 is provided with an elastic abutment part 15 that makes the movable sleeve 14 elastically abut against the discharge pipe 11. When the elastic abutment part 15 is a compression spring, the spring stiffness is 5-10 N / mm to ensure that the elastic abutment force of the movable sleeve 14 is moderate. A rotary fan 16 is also rotatably provided on the outer periphery of the discharge pipe 11. The rotary fan 16 has 3-4 blades and the blade tilt angle is 20-30°. The wind driving effect can be enhanced by the guide 17 (the air outlet of the guide pipe faces the direction of blade rotation). The outer periphery of the discharge pipe 11 is provided with a transmission component that converts the rotation of the rotary fan 16 into the axial reciprocating motion of the movable sleeve 14. The transmission efficiency of the transmission component is not less than 80% to ensure that the rotation speed of the rotary fan 16 is effectively converted into the vibration of the movable sleeve 14. The airflow generated when the rotating fan 16 rotates can assist the seeds to fall, especially suitable for lightweight seeds (such as pasture seeds), and prevent the seeds from falling poorly due to airflow suspension; the cushioning effect of the elastic abutment part 15 can reduce the collision and wear between the movable sleeve 14 and the discharge pipe 11, and extend the service life of the parts; the vibration function can be adapted to wet seeds and avoid material jamming caused by clumping.

[0033] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 6As shown, the transmission assembly includes a docking ring 18, an abutment point 19, and a guide assembly. The docking ring 18 is fixedly connected to the movable sleeve 14 and is arranged around the outside of the discharge pipe 11. Its upper end face is corrugated, with a corrugation height of 3-5mm and a corrugation spacing of 10-15mm, ensuring that the abutment point 19 generates a stable axial driving force when rolling. The elastic abutment part 15 is connected to the docking ring 18 to provide an upward elastic force. The abutment point 19 is fixed to the bottom of the rotary fan 16 and uses hard alloy balls (5-8mm in diameter) with a surface hardness of not less than H. RC60 improves wear resistance and abuts against the upper end face of the docking ring 18; the flange 111 adopts a ring-shaped steel plate structure and is fixed to a preset position on the outer wall of the discharge pipe 11 by welding or bolting. The thickness of the flange 111 is 5-8mm, and the through hole is clearance-fitted with the first guide post 141 (fit clearance 0.1-0.2mm) to ensure smooth axial movement of the first guide post 141; the outer diameter of the flange 111 is larger than the inner diameter of the docking ring 18, providing a stable support surface for the elastic abutment part 15 and preventing the elastic abutment part 15 from shifting under force. The guide assembly guides the docking ring 18 to reciprocate along the axial direction to avoid radial offset, with a guiding accuracy of 0.1mm / m. The combination of corrugated surface and ball bearings can reduce transmission noise, meeting the quiet operation requirements of drones at low altitudes; different corrugation parameters (height, spacing) can adjust the vibration frequency (5-15Hz), meeting the anti-jamming requirements of seeds of different particle sizes (large seeds are suitable for low-frequency, large-stroke vibration, and small seeds are suitable for high-frequency, small-stroke vibration); the transmission component can also adopt alternative forms such as cam follower mechanism (suitable for large-stroke vibration, stroke 10-15mm, suitable for large seeds or seeds that are prone to clumping) and inclined groove ball bearing mechanism (suitable for high-frequency, small-amplitude vibration, frequency 10-15Hz, suitable for small seeds).

[0034] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 7As shown, the hopper 1 includes a hopper top. The lifting control device 5 includes a second guide column 51 fixed vertically above the hopper top along its axis. The second guide column 51 is made of stainless steel, with a diameter of 10-15mm, and consists of two symmetrically distributed guide columns (50-80mm apart). These are fixed to the hopper top by guide column mounting seats 511 with bolts, and the verticality error does not exceed 0.1mm / m. The lifting plate 4 is fitted with the second guide column 51 through a through hole, with a clearance of 0.1-0.2mm to ensure smooth lifting. The lifting control device 5 also includes an eccentric wheel sliding mechanism 52 and a servo motor 53. The output torque of the servo motor 53 is not less than 1N·m. To ensure stable drive, the servo motor 53 is connected to the input end of the eccentric wheel slide mechanism 52, and the output end of the eccentric wheel slide mechanism 52 is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 4. The eccentric wheel slide mechanism 52 includes a side plate with a horizontal slide groove and an eccentric wheel. The side plate is fixedly connected to the lifting plate 4, the axis of the eccentric wheel is set horizontally, and the eccentric distance is 5-10mm, which is adapted to the lifting stroke requirements of the flying material tray 2. Its eccentric shaft slides in cooperation with the slide groove, and the central axis of the eccentric wheel is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor 53. The eccentric wheel is driven to rotate by the servo motor 53, which drives the side plate and the lifting plate 4 to reciprocate up and down along the second guide post 51, so as to realize the stable reciprocating drive of the lifting plate 4. The symmetrically distributed second guide posts 51 can improve the lifting stability of the lifting plate 4 and prevent the main shaft 3 from bending due to tilting; the operating noise of the eccentric wheel slide mechanism 52 is less than 60dB, which is suitable for the low noise requirements of drone operation; the eccentric wheel slide mechanism 52 can also be replaced by an electric push rod (suitable for large stroke lifting requirements, stroke 15-30cm), a cam mechanism with reset function (suitable for high frequency switching scenarios, such as intermittent aerial seeding) or a slide rail slider combination scheme (reducing lifting resistance, reducing energy consumption, and suitable for drone endurance optimization requirements).

[0035] The above embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. The scope of protection of this application is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent substitutions to this application within its substance and scope of protection, and such modifications or equivalent substitutions should also be considered to fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An agricultural drone seeder, characterized in that, include: A silo (1) is used to store seeds, and the silo (1) is provided with a discharge port at the bottom; The fly tray (2) is located below the discharge port and flies seeds by centrifugal force. The fly tray (2) has a high position state and a low position state. High position: The fly tray (2) blocks the outlet of the hopper (1) to form a leak-proof sealing structure; Low position: The fly tray (2) moves away from and opens the discharge port, and the seeds can be scattered along the rotation trajectory of the fly tray (2); The main shaft (3) passes vertically through the discharge port. The bottom end of the main shaft (3) is fixedly connected to the fly tray (2). The peripheral wall and the inner wall of the discharge port form a channel for seeds to pass through. The lifting plate (4) is reciprocating along the axis of the main shaft (3) and is mounted on the hopper (1). The upper end of the main shaft (3) is rotatably connected to the lifting plate (4). The lifting control device (5) is installed on the hopper (1) and connected to the lifting plate (4) to drive the lifting plate (4) to move up and down repeatedly, thereby driving the main shaft (3) and the fly plate (2) to switch between the high position and the low position. A rotary drive device (6) is fixedly installed on the lifting plate (4) and is connected to the main shaft (3) for controlling the rotation of the main shaft (3), thereby driving the fly material disc (2) to rotate to achieve fly seeding.

2. The agricultural drone seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting height of the lifting control device (5) driving the flying material tray (2) is configured as follows: Ascent height: When the flying material tray (2) is in the high position, its lowest point is higher than the lowest point of the structure where the UAV contacts the ground, so as to avoid collision of the flying material tray (2) when the UAV takes off and lands; Descent height: When the flying material tray (2) is in the low position, its movement path for scattering seeds is lower than the lowest point of the drone, avoiding the obstruction of the drone's own structure and ensuring uniform sowing.

3. An agricultural drone seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fly-feeding tray (2) is connected to the main shaft (3) at the center and rises upward to form a cone structure. When the fly-feeding tray (2) is in a high position, the cone surface (21) of the cone structure abuts against the inner edge of the discharge end of the hopper (1).

4. An agricultural drone seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The discharge port of the hopper (1) is provided with a collar (12). The inner ring of the collar (12) is clearance-fitted with the main shaft (3) and the axis is collinear. The outer ring of the collar (12) extends outward to form a connecting rod (13) that is radially fixed relative to the surrounding structure of the hopper (1) or the discharge port. The connecting rod (13) has space around its periphery for seeds to fall onto the fly tray (2). The collar (12) and the connecting rod (13) form radial support for the main shaft (3) to reduce radial vibration when the main shaft (3) rotates.

5. An agricultural drone seeder according to claim 4, characterized in that, The upper end of the collar (12) is tightened inward so that the outer periphery of the collar (12) presents a conical structure that can prevent seeds from accumulating at the upper end of the collar (12).

6. An agricultural drone seeder according to claim 4, characterized in that, The side of the connecting rod (13) facing upward has a prismatic structure.

7. An agricultural drone seeder according to claim 4, characterized in that, The discharge port of the hopper (1) extends downward to form a discharge pipe (11). A movable sleeve (14) is axially movably provided at the lower end of the discharge pipe (11). The connecting rod (13) is fixedly connected to the movable sleeve (14), so that the collar (12), the connecting rod (13) and the discharge pipe (11) are radially fixed relative to each other.

8. An agricultural drone seeder according to claim 7, characterized in that, The discharge pipe (11) and the movable sleeve (14) are provided with elastic abutment parts (15) on their outer periphery, which make the movable sleeve (14) elastically abut against the discharge pipe (11). A rotary fan (16) is also rotatably provided on the outer periphery of the discharge pipe (11). The outer periphery of the discharge pipe (11) is provided with a transmission component that converts the rotation of the rotary fan (16) into the axial reciprocating motion of the movable sleeve (14).

9. An agricultural drone seeder according to claim 8, characterized in that, The transmission assembly includes: The docking ring (18) is fixedly connected to the movable sleeve (14) and is arranged around the outside of the discharge pipe (11). Its upper end face is corrugated. The elastic abutment part (15) is connected to the docking ring (18) to provide an upward elastic force. The contact point (19) is fixed at the bottom of the rotating fan (16) and abuts against the upper surface of the docking ring (18); The guide component guides the docking ring (18) to reciprocate along the axial direction, avoiding radial offset.

10. An agricultural drone seeder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The silo (1) includes a silo top, and the lifting control device (5) includes a second guide column (51) whose axis is fixed vertically above the silo top. The lifting plate (4) is fitted with the second guide column (51) through a through hole. The lifting control device (5) also includes an eccentric wheel slide groove mechanism (52) and a servo motor (53). The servo motor (53) is connected to the input end of the eccentric wheel slide groove mechanism (52), and the output end of the eccentric wheel slide groove mechanism (52) is fixedly connected to the lifting plate (4) to realize the stable reciprocating drive of the lifting plate (4). The eccentric wheel slide mechanism (52) includes a side plate with a horizontal slide and an eccentric wheel. The side plate is fixedly connected to the lifting plate (4). The axis of the eccentric wheel is set horizontally, and its eccentric shaft is slidably engaged with the slide. The central axis of the eccentric wheel is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the servo motor (53). The eccentric wheel is driven to rotate by the servo motor (53), which drives the side plate and the lifting plate (4) to reciprocate up and down along the second guide post (51).

Images