A blueberry substrate layered fixing and ventilation adjusting device

Abstract

The utility model relates to blueberry substrate ventilation technical field, and disclose a kind of blueberry substrate layered formula fixing and ventilation regulating device, including cultivation frame, by setting adaptive adjustment component, when the substrate moisture content in planting box changes, its dead weight will drive support frame along cultivation frame guide rail sliding, support frame moves in the process by connecting plate linkage rack plate along guide sliding groove sliding, rack plate and driving gear meshing transmission, and then drive connecting rod and baffle overturn around bearing seat, realize the automatic opening and closing and opening degree regulation of planting box two sides ventilation hole, without manual intervention, can according to substrate dry and wet state dynamic adaptation ventilation, when substrate is too wet, increase ventilation hole opening degree to strengthen ventilation, avoid root system because of oxygen deficiency to rot;When substrate is dry, reduce ventilation hole opening degree to reduce water loss, guarantee the dynamic balance of substrate humidity and air permeability, help to improve blueberry growth consistency and fruit quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of blueberry substrate ventilation technology, and in particular to a layered fixing and ventilation adjustment device for blueberry substrate. Background Technology

[0002] In the large-scale cultivation and refined management system of blueberries, standardized cultivation technology, as a core technology system integrating substrate adaptation, environmental control, and root maintenance, focuses on precisely matching the growth characteristics of blueberry shallow fibrous roots, selecting and improving suitable planting substrates, and dynamically controlling key environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and aeration to ensure both blueberry yield and fruit quality, laying the foundation for subsequent harvesting, storage, and flavor preservation. Substrate management and ventilation regulation, as crucial aspects of blueberry cultivation management, mainly meet the growth needs of blueberries by optimizing the physical structure of the substrate and ensuring adequate root aeration space. This is usually carried out in conjunction with irrigation, fertilization, and light control, and is a core component in ensuring normal root respiration and preventing substrate compaction, collapse, and root rot.

[0003] In the large-scale cultivation and daily management of blueberries, substrate stability and ventilation efficiency directly determine the final growth benefits. Currently, the most common cultivation methods in the industry include traditional potted cultivation and simple trough cultivation, but these present some problems in actual operation.

[0004] Blueberry cultivation is mostly carried out in greenhouses or open-air plantations. The planting area needs to balance space utilization and the growth needs of individual plants. When using traditional planting equipment, the structure of the equipment limits the substrate, which is prone to compaction. After watering, the increased weight of the plant compresses the root aeration space. Existing ventilation structures are mostly fixed openings, which cannot dynamically adjust the ventilation volume according to the moisture level of the substrate. This results in insufficient ventilation and root rot when the substrate is too wet, and excessive ventilation and rapid water loss when the substrate is too dry. Overall, the management efficiency is low and it cannot meet the high-quality requirements of blueberry precision cultivation for substrate stability and ventilation. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a layered fixing and ventilation adjustment device for blueberry substrate.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a layered fixing and ventilation adjustment device for blueberry substrate, including a cultivation rack, three support frames are slidably provided on the inner side of the cultivation rack, and a planting box is fixedly installed in the middle of each of the three support frames. The planting box is filled with blueberry substrate and has multiple ventilation holes through both ends. The planting box has symmetrical baffles at both ends. The two baffles are located on the outside of multiple ventilation holes. The two baffles have chamfered ends near the support frame. A connecting rod is fixedly installed at the end of the baffle near the chamfer. A drive gear is fixedly installed on one side of the connecting rod. The sides of the two drive gears are meshed with rack plates. A connecting plate is hinged to the inner side of the two rack plates. Three limiting horizontal plates are fixedly installed on one side of the cultivation frame. A concave plate is fixedly installed in the middle of the three limiting horizontal plates. The connecting plate is hinged to the inner side of the concave plate on the side away from the rack plate.

[0007] Preferably, the support frame has two guide grooves at one end near the drive gear, and the ends of the rack plate are fixedly equipped with sliders that are adapted to the guide grooves.

[0008] Preferably, the rack plates are slidably mounted on the inner side of the guide groove by sliders, and a concave plate is fixedly mounted on the inner side of each rack plate, and a shaft is fixedly mounted on both ends of the connecting plate.

[0009] Preferably, the end of the connecting plate near the rack plate is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the first concave plate via a shaft, and the side of the connecting plate near the limiting cross plate is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the second concave plate via a shaft.

[0010] Preferably, corner pieces are fixedly installed at all four corners of the support frame, and a fitting groove is opened through the middle of each corner piece. Multiple guide rails are evenly opened on the inner side of the cultivation rack.

[0011] Preferably, the fitting groove is adapted to the inner side of the guide rail, and the support frame is slidably installed on the inner side of the guide rail of the cultivation rack via corner pieces.

[0012] Preferably, each end of the guide rail is fixedly equipped with a support spring, and the end of the support spring away from the corner piece is fixedly installed on the inner end of the guide rail.

[0013] Preferably, bearing seats are fixedly installed at all four corners of the planting box, and ball bearings are provided on the inner side of each bearing seat. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively rotatably located on the inner side of the bearing seat.

[0014] In summary, this utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. This utility model, by setting an adaptive adjustment component, allows the support frame to slide along the cultivation rack guide rail when the substrate moisture content changes. During the movement of the support frame, the rack slides along the guide groove through the linkage plate. The rack meshes with the drive gear, thereby driving the connecting rod and baffle to rotate around the bearing seat, realizing the automatic opening and closing and opening adjustment of the ventilation holes on both sides of the planting box without manual intervention. It can dynamically adapt the ventilation volume according to the dryness and wetness of the substrate. When the substrate is too wet, the opening of the ventilation holes is increased to enhance air permeability and prevent the roots from rotting due to lack of oxygen. When the substrate is too dry, the opening of the ventilation holes is reduced to reduce water loss, ensuring a dynamic balance between substrate moisture and air permeability, and helping to improve the uniformity of blueberry growth and fruit quality. 2. This utility model features three sliding support frames inside the cultivation rack, each with an independent planting box, forming a layered planting structure. This fully utilizes vertical space, increasing the number of blueberries planted within a limited planting area and improving planting density and space utilization per unit area. Simultaneously, each planting box independently carries the substrate and blueberry plants, allowing for individual water and fertilizer management based on the growth needs of blueberries in different planting boxes. This avoids the problem of uneven resource distribution in traditional centralized planting, further ensuring the stability of blueberry growth, providing efficient and convenient management conditions for large-scale planting, and helping to improve overall planting efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the inner structure of the end of the cultivation rack of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the support frame platform structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the unfolded structure of the two side baffles of the planting box of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the end side view of the cultivation rack of this utility model.

[0016] Figure label: 1. Cultivation rack; 101. Guide rail; 2. Support frame; 201. Planting box; 202. Ventilation hole; 203. Corner piece; 204. Fitting groove; 205. Support spring; 3. Baffle; 301. Chamfer; 302. Connecting rod; 303. Drive gear; 4. Bearing housing; 5. Rack plate; 501. Slider; 502. Guide groove; 503. Concave plate one; 6. Connecting plate; 601. Shaft; 7. Limiting horizontal plate; 701. Concave plate two. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To make the technical means, creative features, and achieved objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model is further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. However, the following embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described in the implementation plan without creative effort are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0018] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings: Example: Reference Figures 1-5 A layered fixing and ventilation adjustment device for blueberry substrate includes a cultivation rack 1, three support frames 2 are slidably provided on the inner side of the cultivation rack 1, and a planting box 201 is fixedly installed in the middle of each of the three support frames 2. The planting box 201 is filled with blueberry substrate and has multiple ventilation holes 202 through it at both ends. Both ends of the planting box 201 are symmetrically provided with baffles 3. The two baffles 3 are respectively located on the outside of multiple ventilation holes 202. The two baffles 3 have a chamfer 301 at the end near the support frame 2. A connecting plate 6 is fixedly installed at the end of the baffle 3 near the chamfer 301. A drive gear 303 is fixedly installed at one end of the connecting rod 302. The sides of the two drive gears 303 are meshed with rack plates 5. The inner sides of the two rack plates 5 are hinged with connecting rods 302. Three limiting horizontal plates 7 are fixedly installed at one end of the cultivation rack 1. A concave plate 701 is fixedly installed in the middle of the three limiting horizontal plates 7. The side of the connecting plate 6 away from the rack plate 5 is hinged to the inner side of the concave plate 701.

[0019] Specifically: In actual use, the inner space of the cultivation rack 1 is adapted to the layered arrangement of the support frame 2 to ensure the stable construction of the multi-layer planting structure. The support frame 2 cooperates with the cultivation rack 1 and the planting box 201 respectively, bearing the weight of the planting box 201 and the internal substrate and plants. It can also slide along the cultivation rack 1 with the change of the substrate's own weight, providing initial power for subsequent ventilation adjustment actions, and realizing the layered positioning of the planting box 201.

[0020] The ventilation holes 202 at both ends of the planting box 201 provide a channel for air exchange between the substrate and the outside, which is a key structure to ensure root aeration. The baffle 3 covers the outside of the ventilation holes 202 and controls the opening state and opening degree of the ventilation holes 202 by flipping action, which determines the ventilation efficiency. The chamfer 301 at its end can avoid movement interference with the side wall of the planting box 201 when flipping, ensuring that the flipping process of the baffle 3 is smooth and without jamming.

[0021] The connecting rod 302 connects the baffle 3 and the drive gear 303, converting the rotational motion of the drive gear 303 into the flipping motion of the baffle 3, thus realizing the transmission of power and the conversion of motion. The drive gear 303 meshes with the rack plate 5, and drives its own rotation through the linear sliding of the rack plate 5, providing a power source for the movement of the connecting rod 302 and the baffle 3. The limiting cross plate 7 is fixed to the end of the cultivation rack 1, providing stable installation support for the concave plate 701, and indirectly limiting the range of motion of the connecting plate 6, preventing structural damage caused by excessive movement of the components. The concave plate 701 provides a hinge fulcrum for the connecting plate 6, ensuring that the connecting plate 6 maintains a stable rotational trajectory when transmitting motion, ensuring the coordination of the entire transmission system, and preventing deviation in power transmission due to unstable fulcrum. During operation, changes in the moisture content of the substrate inside the planting box 201 cause a change in its weight. The increased weight of the substrate pushes the support frame 2 to slide along the cultivation rack 1. During the sliding process, the support frame 2 drives the rack plate 5 to move through the connecting plate 6. The rack plate 5 meshes with the drive gear 303, causing the drive gear 303 to rotate. The drive gear 303 drives the baffle 3 to rotate around the hinge point through the connecting rod 302, so that the baffle 3 moves away from the ventilation hole 202 to open the channel. When the weight of the substrate decreases, the relevant components move in the opposite direction, and the baffle 3 gradually approaches and covers the ventilation hole 202. Through this linkage process, the opening and closing of the ventilation hole 202 and its opening degree are automatically adjusted to adapt to the ventilation needs under different dry and wet conditions of the substrate.

[0022] It should be noted that the rack plate 5 and drive gear 303 in this device are exposed in the attached drawings. This design is mainly to more clearly present the core transmission structure of the device and the connection relationship of each component, making it easier to understand the overall working principle. In practical applications, to prevent external dust, substrate debris, or moisture in the planting environment from adhering to the meshing part of the rack plate 5 and drive gear 303, affecting transmission stability and component lifespan, follow-up moving protective components such as accordion-style protective covers, telescopic dust covers, or roller shutter-style protective sleeves can be specifically configured. These protective components can extend and retract synchronously with the sliding of the rack plate 5, achieving full-stroke protection for the rack plate 5 and drive gear 303 without interfering with the normal movement of the components. Since the structural design, installation method, and protection principle of the follow-up protective components are existing mature technologies and are not the core innovation of this utility model, they will not be elaborated on further.

[0023] The support frame 2 has two guide grooves 502 at one end near the drive gear 303. The ends of the rack plate 5 are fixedly installed with sliders 501 that are compatible with the guide grooves 502. The rack plate 5 is slidably installed on the inner side of the guide groove 502 through the sliders 501. The inner side of the rack plate 5 is fixedly installed with a concave plate 503. The two ends of the connecting plate 6 are fixedly installed with shafts 601. The end of the connecting plate 6 near the rack plate 5 is rotatably installed on the inner side of the concave plate 503 through the shaft 601. The side of the connecting plate 6 near the limiting cross plate 7 is rotatably installed on the inner side of the concave plate 701 through the shaft 601. Specifically: In actual use, the guide groove 502 is located at the end of the support frame 2 near the drive gear 303. Through its adaptation and cooperation with the slider 501, it limits the movement direction of the rack plate 5, ensuring that the rack plate 5 can only slide in a straight line along the set trajectory, avoiding deviation or jamming during the movement of the rack plate 5, and ensuring the stability of its meshing transmission with the drive gear 303. The concave plate 503 is fixed to the inner side of the rack plate 5, providing a hinged installation space for the end of the connecting plate 6 near the rack plate 5. Its internal structure is adapted to the shaft 601 at the end of the connecting plate 6, which can both realize the stable rotation of the shaft 601 and provide a hinged mounting space for the shaft. 601 forms a radial limit to ensure the stability of the hinge relationship between the connecting plate 6 and the rack plate 5. The shaft 601 is fixed at both ends of the connecting plate 6 and serves as the core component for the hinge between the connecting plate 6 and the concave plate 1 503 and the concave plate 2 701. Its outer wall can rotate with the inner side of the concave plate 1 503 and the concave plate 2 701, allowing the connecting plate 6 to rotate flexibly around the shaft 601. This enables the conversion and transmission of the sliding action of the support frame 2 to the sliding action of the rack plate 5. At the same time, the rigid structure of the shaft 601 can withstand the force transmitted by the connecting plate 6, preventing the connecting plate 6 from bending or being damaged during the stress process, and ensuring the integrity of the transmission link.

[0024] Corner fittings 203 are fixedly installed at each of the four corners of the support frame 2. These corner fittings 203 serve as connecting transition components between the support frame 2 and the cultivation rack 1. Their rigid structure enhances the load-bearing capacity of the four corners of the support frame 2, preventing corner deformation due to the weight of the planting box 201, substrate, and plants. Each corner fitting 203 has a through-hole groove 204. Multiple guide rails 101 are evenly spaced on the inner side of the cultivation rack 1. The grooves 204 fit into the inner sides of the guide rails 101. The support frame 2 is slidably mounted on the guide rails 101 of the cultivation rack 1 via the corner fittings 203. 1. On the inner side, the inner contour of the corner piece 203 is adapted to the inner side of the guide rail 101 and can be tightly fitted to the outer side of the guide rail 101. On the one hand, it provides guidance and constraint for the support frame 2 to slide along the guide rail 101, limiting the support frame 2 to only move in a straight line along the extension direction of the guide rail 101, avoiding lateral deviation or tilting when the support frame 2 slides, and ensuring that the support frame 2 drives the planting box 201 to move smoothly. On the other hand, by adapting and fitting with the guide rail 101, it disperses the weight transmitted by the support frame 2, reduces local pressure, prevents the guide rail 101 from denting or being damaged due to long-term stress, and extends the service life of the guide rail 101. Each end of the guide rail 101 is fixedly equipped with a support spring 205. The end of the support spring 205 away from the corner piece 203 is fixedly installed on the inner end of the guide rail 101. The support spring 205 serves as an elastic reset component for the sliding of the support frame 2. When the weight of the substrate increases, it can be compressed by the corner piece 203 to store elastic potential energy. When the weight of the substrate decreases, it releases the potential energy to push the corner piece 203 and drive the support frame 2 to reset along the guide rail 101. This ensures that the support frame 2 can reciprocate and slide according to the changes in the dryness and wetness of the substrate, providing a reverse function for the ventilation adjustment component. The linkage provides power to prevent the support frame 2 from getting stuck due to its own weight or friction and thus ensures the bidirectional response capability of the ventilation hole 202 in opening and closing adjustment. Bearing seats 4 are fixedly installed at the four corners of the planting box 201. Ball bearings are provided on the inner side of each bearing seat 4. The two ends of the connecting rod 302 are respectively rotatably located on the inner side of the bearing seat 4. The bearing seat 4 provides the installation cavity and fixed support for the ball bearings. The ball bearings are stably positioned by their own rigid structure to prevent the ball bearings from shifting or falling off during the rotation of the connecting rod 302.

[0025] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: In specific use, the substrate required for blueberry planting is first filled into the interior of each layer of planting box 201, and then the blueberry plants are planted in the substrate to complete the initial planting preparation of the device.

[0026] When the substrate inside the planting box 201 is irrigated or absorbs environmental moisture, the substrate's weight increases and presses down on the support frame 2. The corner pieces 203 at the four corners of the support frame 2 slide downwards along the guide rail 101 on the inner side of the cultivation frame 1, while simultaneously compressing the support spring 205 at the end of the guide rail 101. During the downward movement of the support frame 2, its end drives the rack plate 5 to move through the connecting plate 6. The rack plate 5 slides stably along the guide groove 502 with the help of the slider 501. Because the rack plate 5 meshes with the drive gear 303, the sliding of the rack plate 5 will drive the gear 303 to rotate, thereby driving the connecting rod 302, which is fixedly connected to the drive gear 303, to rotate around the bearing seats 4 at the four corners of the planting box 201. When the connecting rod 302 rotates, the baffles 3 on both sides flip simultaneously, causing the baffles 3 to gradually disengage from the ventilation holes 202 at the end of the planting box 201. The ventilation holes 202 then open, and external airflow or airflow from the ventilation system of the device can enter the interior of the substrate through the ventilation holes 202, realizing the discharge of moisture and the replenishment of fresh air inside the substrate.

[0027] When the substrate loses weight due to water evaporation or absorption by blueberries, the support spring 205 at the end of the guide rail 101 loses pressure and elastically resets, pushing the support frame 2 to slide upward along the guide rail 101. During the upward movement of the support frame 2, the rack plate 5 is pulled in the opposite direction through the connecting plate 6. The rack plate 5 drives the drive gear 303 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the connecting rod 302 is linked in the opposite direction to flip the baffle 3, so that the baffle 3 gradually moves closer to the ventilation hole 202 and eventually blocks the ventilation hole 202, reducing the airflow into the planting box 201, preventing the substrate from losing moisture quickly due to excessive ventilation, and maintaining stable substrate humidity.

[0028] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0029] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model.

Claims

1. A layered fixation and ventilation regulating device for blueberry substrate, comprising a cultivation rack (1), characterized in that: The cultivation rack (1) has three support frames (2) that slide on its inner side. Each of the three support frames (2) has a planting box (201) fixedly installed in the middle. The planting box (201) is filled with blueberry substrate and has multiple ventilation holes (202) through it at both ends. The planting box (201) is symmetrically provided with baffles (3) at both ends. The two baffles (3) are respectively located on the outside of multiple ventilation holes (202). The two baffles (3) have a chamfer (301) at one end near the support frame (2). A connecting rod (302) is fixedly installed at one end of the baffle (3) near the chamfer (301). A drive gear (303) is fixedly installed on one side of the connecting rod (302). The sides of the two drive gears (303) are meshed with rack plates (5). A connecting plate (6) is hinged to the inner side of the two rack plates (5). Three limiting horizontal plates (7) are fixedly installed on one side of the cultivation rack (1). A concave plate (701) is fixedly installed in the middle of the three limiting horizontal plates (7). The side of the connecting plate (6) away from the rack plate (5) is hinged to the inner side of the concave plate (701).

2. The blueberry substrate layered fixing and ventilation regulating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (2) has two guide grooves (502) at one end near the drive gear (303), and the rack plate (5) is fixedly installed with sliders (501) that are compatible with the guide grooves (502).

3. The blueberry substrate layered fixing and ventilation regulating device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rack plate (5) is slidably installed on the inner side of the guide groove (502) via the slider (501). A concave plate (503) is fixedly installed on the inner side of the rack plate (5). A shaft (601) is fixedly installed on both ends of the connecting plate (6).

4. The layered fixing and ventilation regulating device for blueberry substrate according to claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the connecting plate (6) near the rack plate (5) is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the concave plate one (503) via the shaft (601), and the side of the connecting plate (6) near the limiting horizontal plate (7) is rotatably mounted on the inner side of the concave plate two (701) via the shaft (601).

5. The blueberry substrate layered fixing and ventilation regulating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support frame (2) is fixedly installed with corner pieces (203) at all four corners, and the corner pieces (203) are provided with a through groove (204) in the middle. Multiple guide rails (101) are evenly provided on the inner side of the cultivation rack (1).

6. The blueberry substrate layered fixing and ventilation regulating device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fitting groove (204) is adapted to the inner side of the guide rail (101), and the support frame (2) is slidably installed on the inner side of the guide rail (101) of the cultivation rack (1) through the corner piece (203).

7. The blueberry substrate layered fixing and ventilation regulating device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Each end of the guide rail (101) is fixedly equipped with a support spring (205), and the end of the support spring (205) away from the corner piece (203) is fixedly installed on the inner end of the guide rail (101).

8. The blueberry substrate layered fixing and ventilation regulating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The four corners of the planting box (201) are fixedly equipped with bearing seats (4), and the inner side of each bearing seat (4) is provided with ball bearings. The two ends of the connecting rod (302) are respectively rotatably located on the inner side of the bearing seat (4).

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