A three-dimensional water supply and drainage device for salt-tolerant and stress-resistant cultivation of cotton

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of for cotton salt-tolerant stress resistance cultivation three-dimensional water supply and drainage device, comprising: planting box, the planting box is sequentially buried from top to bottom in by for forcing washing plant root salt leaching pipe and for the salt discharge pipe of salt water after washing is discharged the planting box, the leaching pipe and the salt discharge pipe are respectively located the upside and downside of plant root system, one end of the leaching pipe is arranged outside the planting box, and the end is water inlet, both ends of the salt discharge pipe are arranged outside the planting box, and both ends are salt outlet. The device is simple in structure, low in cost, can effectively control the soil salt and moisture of cotton root zone, improve the emergence rate, survival rate and final yield of cotton on saline-alkali land, and enhance its salt-tolerant stress resistance ability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural cultivation technology, and more specifically to a three-dimensional water supply and drainage device for salt-tolerant and stress-resistant cotton cultivation. Background Technology

[0002] my country has vast areas of saline-alkali land, which is an important potential resource for cotton production. However, planting cotton on saline-alkali land faces two major challenges: First, traditional surface irrigation methods easily cause salt to migrate upwards with water evaporation and accumulate in the cotton root layer, forming salt stress and severely inhibiting cotton seed germination and seedling growth; Second, during the rainy season or when irrigation is inadequate, waterlogging can cause root hypoxia, resulting in waterlogging stress, which, combined with salt stress, further exacerbates the inhibition of cotton growth.

[0003] Existing irrigation or drainage devices are limited in function, either only capable of surface irrigation or only capable of bottom drainage. They cannot actively and effectively "wash away" and "drain" the salt around the roots, making it difficult to break the path of salt migration upwards.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a specialized three-dimensional water supply and drainage system for cotton salt-tolerant and stress-resistant cultivation that can coordinate the movement of water and salt in the root zone to create a suitable microenvironment for cotton growth. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a three-dimensional water supply and drainage device for salt-tolerant and stress-resistant cotton cultivation. This device has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy to promote. Its core purpose is to effectively regulate soil salinity and moisture in the cotton root zone through a three-dimensional water supply and drainage design, significantly improving the emergence rate, survival rate, and final yield of cotton in saline-alkali land, and enhancing its comprehensive stress resistance capabilities in terms of salt tolerance, drought resistance, and flood resistance.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A three-dimensional water supply and drainage device for salt-tolerant and stress-resistant cotton cultivation includes: a planting box, wherein a rinsing pipe for forcibly washing the salt from the plant roots and a salt draining pipe for draining the rinsed brine from the planting box are sequentially embedded from top to bottom in the planting box. The rinsing pipe and the salt draining pipe are located on the upper and lower sides of the plant root system, respectively. One end of the rinsing pipe extends out of the planting box and is a water inlet. Both ends of the salt draining pipe extend out of the planting box and are salt draining outlets.

[0007] Furthermore, a drip irrigation pipe is embedded above the rinsing pipe inside the planting box.

[0008] Furthermore, a soil moisture sensor and a soil salinity sensor are embedded in the planting box near the plant roots. Switch valves are provided on the water inlet side of both the rinsing pipe and the drip irrigation pipe. The soil moisture sensor, the soil salinity sensor, and the two switch valves are all electrically connected to an external controller.

[0009] Furthermore, the planting box is filled with a drainage layer below the soil, and a drainage pipe is buried in the drainage layer. Both ends of the drainage pipe extend outward from the planting box and are drainage outlets.

[0010] Furthermore, the drainage layer is a layer of ceramsite or a layer of gravel. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 This utility model provides a structural schematic diagram of a three-dimensional water supply and drainage device for salt-tolerant and stress-resistant cotton cultivation. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain this utility model, and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified. In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0014] This utility model discloses a three-dimensional water supply and drainage device for salt-tolerant and stress-resistant cotton cultivation, including: a planting box 1, which can be a box body, a pot body, or an isolation cavity directly embedded in the field. The planting box 1 is provided with a rinsing pipe 2 for forcibly washing the salt from the plant roots and a salt draining pipe 3 for draining the rinsed brine from the planting box 1 from top to bottom. The rinsing pipe 2 and the salt draining pipe 3 are located on the upper and lower sides of the plant roots, respectively. One end of the rinsing pipe 2 extends out of the planting box 1 and is the water inlet. Both ends of the salt draining pipe 3 extend out of the planting box 1 and are both salt draining outlets.

[0015] In this embodiment, at specific times (such as before sowing or during critical growth periods), an appropriate amount of water can be injected through the rinsing pipe 2 (made of PVC (rigid polyvinyl chloride) or HDPE (high-density polyethylene, which is more corrosion-resistant), with a diameter of 16-20 mm and an aperture of 0.6 mm-1.2 mm) to "forcefully" rinse the salt deep in the plant root zone. The water (salt water) that has dissolved the soil salt is then guided out of the root zone through the salt drainage pipe 3, breaking the path of salt accumulation upwards. This effectively regulates the soil salinity in the cotton root zone, improves the emergence rate, survival rate, and final yield of cotton in saline-alkali soil, and enhances its salt tolerance and stress resistance.

[0016] The salt drainage pipe 3 can be a perforated pipe. The perforated pipe is made of PVC (rigid polyvinyl chloride) or HDPE (high-density polyethylene, which is more corrosion resistant). Its pipe wall has small holes (usually 1.0mm-2.0mm, to prevent soil particles and fine sand from entering and causing blockage) that allow water to enter while keeping soil particles out.

[0017] In some embodiments, a drip irrigation pipe 4 is buried above the rinsing pipe 2 inside the planting box 1.

[0018] In this embodiment, the drip irrigation pipe 4 is made of PVC (rigid polyvinyl chloride) or HDPE (high-density polyethylene, which is more corrosion resistant), with a diameter of 12-15mm and a wall thickness of 0.2-0.6mm. The dripper flow rate on the drip irrigation pipe 4 is 1.0 L / H - 1.6 L / H. The drip irrigation pipe 4 is laid on the soil surface or in the shallow layer to provide precise irrigation required for cotton growth and reduce water evaporation.

[0019] Soil moisture sensor 5 and soil salinity sensor 6 are buried inside the planting box 1 near the plant roots. Switch valves are installed on the water inlet side of the rinsing pipe 2 and the drip irrigation pipe 4. Soil moisture sensor 5, soil salinity sensor 6 and the two switch valves are all electrically connected to an external controller.

[0020] In this embodiment, soil moisture sensor 5 and soil salinity sensor 6 are buried in the main root distribution area. The controller receives sensor data and intelligently controls the opening and closing of the valves to achieve on-demand irrigation and automatic salt removal.

[0021] In some embodiments, a drainage layer 7 is filled in the planting box 1 below the soil, and a drainage pipe 8 (made of PVC or HDPE, with a drainage hole diameter of 1.0mm-2.5mm) is buried in the drainage layer 7. Both ends of the drainage pipe 9 extend out of the planting box 1 and are drainage outlets.

[0022] After the plant roots are rinsed by the rinsing pipe, the rinsing salt water is not only discharged through the salt drain pipe, but can also be flushed to the bottom drainage layer and discharged through the drain pipe 8, thus achieving rapid discharge of the salt water.

[0023] Drainage layer 7 consists of either ceramsite with a particle size of 15mm-25mm or gravel with a particle size of 15mm-40mm. This highly permeable drainage layer allows for rapid removal of waterlogging from the planting box, preventing root hypoxia and waterlogging stress, which, combined with salt stress, further inhibits cotton growth.

[0024] Therefore, this utility model has the following effects: (1) Three-dimensional salt control: Through the three-dimensional structure of "deep rinsing + side salt discharge + bottom drainage", the salt in the root zone is removed in a multi-dimensional and proactive manner, which is far more effective than single drainage.

[0025] (2) Water and salt synergistic regulation: Integrating water supply (drip irrigation, rinsing) and drainage (bottom, side) functions into one, to achieve precise and synergistic management of the water and salt environment in the root zone.

[0026] (3) Simple and practical structure: All components are mature products, easy to assemble, low cost, and very suitable for large-scale application in saline-alkali cotton areas.

[0027] (4) Enhance stress resistance: It fundamentally alleviates the stress of salt and waterlogging on cotton, thereby indirectly enhancing the cotton's salt tolerance, drought resistance and waterlogging resistance.

[0028] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. For the apparatus disclosed in the embodiments, since they correspond to the methods disclosed in the embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the method section.

[0029] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A three-dimensional water supply and drainage device for salt-tolerant and stress-resistant cotton cultivation, characterized in that, include: Planting box (1), the planting box (1) is provided with a rinsing pipe (2) for forcibly cleaning the salt in the plant roots and a salt draining pipe (3) for draining the brine after rinsing from the planting box (1) from top to bottom. The rinsing pipe (2) and the salt draining pipe (3) are located on the upper and lower sides of the plant roots respectively. One end of the rinsing pipe (2) extends out of the planting box (1) and is the water inlet. Both ends of the salt draining pipe (3) extend out of the planting box (1) and are both salt draining outlets.

2. A three-dimensional water supply and drainage device for salt-tolerant and stress-resistant cotton cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A drip irrigation pipe (4) is buried above the rinsing pipe (2) inside the planting box (1).

3. A three-dimensional water supply and drainage device for salt-tolerant and stress-resistant cotton cultivation according to claim 2, characterized in that, Soil moisture sensor (5) and soil salinity sensor (6) are buried in the planting box (1) near the plant roots. Switch valves are provided on the water inlet side of the rinsing pipe (2) and the drip irrigation pipe (4). Soil moisture sensor (5), soil salinity sensor (6) and the two switch valves are electrically connected to an external controller.

4. A three-dimensional water supply and drainage device for salt-tolerant and stress-resistant cotton cultivation according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The planting box (1) is filled with a drainage layer (7) below the soil. A drainage pipe (8) is buried in the drainage layer (7). Both ends of the drainage pipe (8) extend out of the planting box (1) and are drainage outlets.

5. A three-dimensional water supply and drainage device for salt-tolerant and stress-resistant cotton cultivation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The drainage layer (7) is a ceramic granule layer or a gravel layer.

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