Soil and water conservation coupled ecological management system

Abstract

The application discloses a water and soil conservation coupled ecological management system and relates to the technical field of desertification prevention and control. Technical points are as follows: the water and soil conservation coupled ecological management system comprises a cut-off horizontal ditch arranged along contour lines on a slope land prone to water and soil loss; a certain amount of planting cover soil is reserved in the cut-off horizontal ditch; woody oil plants are evenly planted along the length direction of the planting cover soil in the cut-off horizontal ditch; a water supply pipeline is arranged below the roots of the woody oil plants in the cut-off horizontal ditch; the water supply pipeline is connected with a uniform infiltration device; and water in the water supply pipeline can be pressurized and delivered to the roots of the woody oil plants through the uniform infiltration device. The cut-off horizontal ditch and the water supply pipeline can provide water for the woody oil plants, so that the health growth of the woody oil plants is ensured, the desertification degree is further improved in cooperation with the cut-off horizontal ditch, the water and soil loss degree is greatly reduced, and the local economy is improved by increasing the income of farmers through the woody oil plants.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of desertification control technology, and in particular to a water and soil conservation coupled ecological governance system. Background Technology

[0002] Soil erosion specifically refers to the phenomenon where rainwater, due to natural or human factors, cannot be absorbed locally and instead flows downstream, eroding the soil and causing the simultaneous loss of both water and soil. The main harms caused by soil erosion include: erosion and damage to the topsoil, leading to a gradual depletion of soil fertility; silting up rivers, canals, and reservoirs, reducing the effectiveness of water conservancy projects, and even causing floods and droughts, severely impacting industrial and agricultural production; and posing a serious threat to agricultural production in mountainous areas and downstream river channels.

[0003] In many areas of the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River (such as Ordos), the terrain is hilly and crisscrossed by gullies, making soil erosion a common occurrence. Preventing soil erosion is a strategic task concerning ecological security, food security, flood control, and water quality safety, and is an indispensable part of achieving sustainable development. Therefore, it is essential to provide an ecological governance system that can effectively prevent soil erosion. Utility Model Content

[0004] This application provides a water and soil conservation coupled with ecological management system, which can improve the degree of desertification and reduce the degree of soil erosion.

[0005] The above-mentioned objective of this application is achieved through the following technical solution: A water and soil conservation coupled ecological management system includes interception horizontal ditches, which are set on slopes prone to soil erosion and are excavated along contour lines on the slopes. A certain amount of planting cover soil is left in the intercepting horizontal ditch, and woody oil plants are planted evenly along its length using the planting cover soil in the intercepting horizontal ditch. The intercepting horizontal ditch is equipped with a water supply pipe below the roots of the woody oil plants. The water supply pipe is connected to a uniform infiltration device, which can pressurize and transport the water in the water supply pipe to the roots of the woody oil plants.

[0006] Furthermore, there are multiple intercepting horizontal ditches, and each of the intercepting horizontal ditches is located at a different contour line on the slope.

[0007] Furthermore, the slope of the intercepting horizontal ditch is set to be greater than 15°.

[0008] Furthermore, the woody oilseed plant planted in the intercepting horizontal ditch is *Sapindus mukorossi*.

[0009] Furthermore, the opening width of the interception horizontal ditch is 35 cm, and the height of the interception embankment is 30 cm.

[0010] Furthermore, the soil excavated from the intercepting horizontal ditch is piled up downstream of the intercepting horizontal ditch.

[0011] Furthermore, the water supply pipe is equipped with a leakage outlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the uniform infiltration device includes a filter tank, a clear water tank, a pressure storage tank, and a liquid fertilizer and pesticide dispensing tank. The filter tank is connected to the water source, and the filter tank, the clear water tank, and the liquid fertilizer and pesticide dispensing tank are connected in sequence through pipes and valves. The clear water tank, located in the middle, is also connected to the pressure storage tank through a pressure pump. The pressure storage tank is equipped with a pressure regulating device, and the pressure storage tank is connected to the water supply pipeline. In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: Interception trenches dug along contour lines on slopes can maximize the on-site interception and storage of natural rainfall, directly supplying it to plants planted within them. This reduces soil erosion due to runoff and increases soil moisture content, facilitating vegetation growth. The plants planted in these trenches are woody oilseed plants, which not only provide windbreak and soil stabilization but also generate economic benefits for participating farmers. Furthermore, this application includes water supply pipes installed below the plant roots. During periods of low rainfall, these pipes, in conjunction with a uniform infiltration device, deliver water directly to the areas most in need of the plants, significantly reducing evaporation and deep seepage losses associated with traditional surface irrigation. Rainwater can be utilized during periods of abundant rainfall, while the uniform infiltration device provides water to the plants during periods of scarcity. This creates a favorable soil and water foundation for plant growth on slopes. As the plants grow, their vigorous root systems further consolidate the soil and enhance infiltration, reinforcing the project's effectiveness. This close coupling between engineering and biological processes creates a continuous positive ecological cycle, accelerating ecological restoration. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the approximate state of the woody oil plants in this application after they have been planted in the horizontal trenches on the slope. Figure 2This is a cross-sectional view of one of the woody oil plants in one of the intercepting horizontal ditches; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the approximate connection structure of the water supply pipe and the uniform infiltration device below the woody oil plant in this application.

[0015] Attached reference numerals: 1. Interception ditch; 2. Slope; 3. Woody oil plants; 4. Water supply pipe; 5. Infiltration device; 51. Filter tank; 52. Clear water tank; 53. Pressure storage tank; 54. Liquid fertilizer and pesticide dispensing tank; 55. Pipeline valve; 56. Booster pump; 57. Pressure regulating device; 6. Leakage outlet; 7. Water source. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application are described clearly and completely below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are also within the scope of protection of this application.

[0017] like Figures 1-3 As shown, this application discloses a water and soil conservation coupled ecological management system, which includes a interception horizontal ditch 1. The interception horizontal ditch 1 is set on a slope 2 that is prone to water and soil erosion, and the interception horizontal ditch 1 is excavated along the contour line on the slope 2. A certain amount of planting cover soil is left in the intercepted horizontal ditch 1, and woody oil plants 3 are planted evenly along its length using the planting cover soil in the intercepted horizontal ditch 1. A water supply pipe 4 is installed below the roots of the woody oil plant 3 in the intercepting horizontal ditch 1. The water supply pipe 4 is connected to the uniform infiltration device 5. The water in the water supply pipe 4 can be pressurized and transported to the roots of the woody oil plant 3 through the uniform infiltration device 5.

[0018] In the above embodiments, the intercepting horizontal ditch 1 of this application is set on the slope 2 which is prone to soil erosion, and it is excavated along the contour line on the slope 2. In this way, when runoff occurs on the slope 2 due to natural phenomena such as rainfall (runoff refers to the water flow along the surface or underground under the action of gravity during irrigation), the horizontal ditch can effectively intercept and store the runoff on the slope 2, which is conducive to maintaining the soil moisture balance of the slope 2 and supplying it to the plants planted therein. While reducing soil erosion on the slope 2 due to runoff, it can also increase the soil moisture content and facilitate vegetation growth.

[0019] The plants planted in the intercepting horizontal ditch 1 in this application are woody oil plants 3. After they grow, they can not only play a role in windbreak and soil fixation, but also bring certain economic benefits to the cooperating farmers in the future.

[0020] In addition, this application also includes a water supply pipe 4 installed below the plant roots. When there is little rain, it can be used in conjunction with the uniform infiltration device 5 to directly deliver water to the area where the plant needs it most, which can greatly reduce the evaporation and deep seepage losses of traditional surface irrigation.

[0021] When there is sufficient rainfall, rainwater can be utilized. When there is insufficient rainfall, water can be supplied to the plants through the uniform infiltration device 5. This lays a good foundation for the growth of plants on the slope 2. Moreover, as the plants grow, the lush vegetation root system can further consolidate the soil, enhance infiltration, and consolidate the project effect. This close coupling between the project and the organism forms a continuous positive ecological cycle, which can accelerate ecological restoration.

[0022] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, there are multiple intercepting horizontal ditches 1, and each intercepting horizontal ditch 1 is located at a different contour line on the slope 2.

[0023] In the above embodiments, the multiple intercepting horizontal ditches 1 set up on the slope 2 in the manner described above, together with the plants planted within them, can gradually form a regular surface moisture grid on the slope 2 over time, thereby preventing the movement of sand dunes and effectively achieving desertification control. The multiple intercepting ditches can also disperse and store concentrated slope runoff in each of the intercepting horizontal ditches 1 when runoff is large, reducing the risk of downstream flooding and scouring.

[0024] Meanwhile, multiple interception ditches 1 can intercept the runoff from the slope 2 layer by layer, significantly slowing down the runoff velocity. This provides space for sediment deposition, effectively preventing soil and nutrient loss and protecting farmland or infrastructure below the slope. By converting the runoff from the slope 2 into soil water through interception ditches 1 at different locations, the soil moisture content can be increased, creating better conditions for plant growth and helping plants resist drought.

[0025] Furthermore, the slope of the slope 2 where the intercepting horizontal ditch 1 is set is greater than 15°.

[0026] In the above embodiments, the purpose of setting up the intercepting horizontal ditch 1 is to intercept runoff and promote infiltration. With a slope of more than 15°, the risk of soil erosion increases significantly, and the need for treatment is urgent.

[0027] Correspondingly, setting up intercepting horizontal ditches 1 on slopes 2 with a gradient of 15° or more will have a more significant effect on water retention and sediment storage, and can effectively reduce the water flow velocity to a safe range.

[0028] In addition, the intercepting horizontal ditch 1 needs to be excavated downwards. The intercepting horizontal ditch 1 is set on the slope 2 with an angle of more than 15°, which provides enough soil for excavation and construction, and can effectively prevent soil erosion.

[0029] Furthermore, the woody oilseed plant 3 planted in the intercepted horizontal ditch 1 is *Sapindus mukorossi*.

[0030] In the above embodiments, the applicant's R&D team conducted experiments on different tree species over nearly 10 years of research and finally selected *Xanthoceras sorbifolium* as the main tree species to be planted in the intercepted horizontal ditch 1 because *Xanthoceras sorbifolium* has a well-developed root system, strong drought resistance, and high ecological protection function. By using horizontal ditch and uniform infiltration technology, precise irrigation can effectively inhibit soil erosion.

[0031] In addition, *Xanthoceras sorbifolium* is an energy tree species and a unique woody oil plant in my country; 3, it is known as "Northern Camellia Oil". Its kernel contains 66% to 70% oil and the seeds contain 30% to 70% oil. A large amount of edible oil can be extracted from *Xanthoceras sorbifolium* seeds.

[0032] Furthermore, the oil produced from *Xanthoceras sorbifolium* contains a large amount of unsaturated fatty acids, making it a high-quality oil. Through the implementation of this project, while achieving the goals of desertification control and soil and water conservation, the planted trees will also generate related oil products. By cooperating with farmers and herders, the project will encourage their participation in planting, processing, and production, thereby reducing grazing and further minimizing the damage to the land caused by grazing. On the other hand, it will also significantly increase the income of farmers and herders.

[0033] Furthermore, the opening width of the intercepting horizontal ditch 1 is 35 cm, and the height of the retaining embankment is 30 cm.

[0034] In the above embodiments, the 30-centimeter embankment height of the intercepting horizontal ditch provides sufficient interception height while having relatively low self-weight and lateral pressure, reducing the risk of its own collapse. The 35-centimeter opening width facilitates thorough compaction of the embankment, enhancing overall stability.

[0035] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 As shown, the soil excavated from the interception horizontal ditch 1 is piled up downstream of the interception horizontal ditch 1.

[0036] In the above embodiments, excavating soil and piling it downstream of the equal-height interception horizontal ditch 1 can form a retaining embankment (soil embankment) on the downstream side, which directly increases the effective water storage depth and volume of the horizontal ditch, and can intercept more surface runoff and sediment.

[0037] This design goes beyond simply handling the excavated soil; it proactively utilizes this soil to enhance the engineering function. The earthen embankments, trenches, and subsequent planting of vegetation work together to form a highly efficient soil and water conservation system.

[0038] Furthermore, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a leak outlet 6 is provided on the water supply pipe 4.

[0039] In the above embodiments, the water supply pipe 4 of this application has multiple leakage outlets 6, and the distance between two adjacent leakage outlets 6 is consistent with the plant spacing. The row spacing of the plants is consistent with the row spacing between different interception horizontal ditches 1. In this way, with the help of the uniform infiltration device 5, the water supply pipe 4 can accurately and evenly deliver liquid to the soil around the roots of the plants so that it can be efficiently utilized by the plants.

[0040] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, the uniform infiltration device 5 includes a filter tank 51, a clear water tank 52, a pressure storage tank 53, and a liquid fertilizer and pesticide dispensing tank 54. The filter tank 51 is connected to the water source 7, and the filter tank 51, the clear water tank 52, and the liquid fertilizer and pesticide dispensing tank 54 are connected in sequence through pipe valves 55. The clear water tank 52, located in the middle, is also connected to the pressure storage tank 53 through a pressure pump 56. The pressure storage tank 53 is equipped with a pressure regulating device 57, and the pressure storage tank 53 is connected to the water supply pipeline 4.

[0041] In the above embodiments, a water source 7 is first constructed (the water source 7 can be collected rainwater or water from the sand dunes of the slope 2), and then a filter pool 51, a clear water pool 52, and a liquid fertilizer and pesticide dispensing pool 54 are constructed.

[0042] Connect the above four locations with pipe valves 55, then construct a pressure storage tank 53 and connect it to the clear water tank 52 with pipe valves 55. Install a pressure regulating device 57 on the top of the pressure storage tank 53. Connect the water supply pipe 4 with the leakage port 6 to the pressure storage tank 53. Simultaneously, begin burying the water supply pipe 4 according to the row spacing of the intercepting horizontal trench 1. Then, plant the plants in suitable positions above each leakage port 6 of the water supply pipe 4. After planting, the installation of the uniform infiltration device 5 is complete.

[0043] When there is sufficient rainfall, the water supply to the plants in the intercepted horizontal ditch 1 can be achieved by relying on the runoff on the slope 2.

[0044] When drought occurs, in order to ensure the normal growth of plants, the liquid pressurization pump 56 is activated to pump water into the pressure storage tank 53. Under the control of the pressure regulating device 57, the pressure storage tank 53 delivers the liquid to each water supply pipe 4 with a pipe leakage port 6. Then, through the pipe leakage port 6 on the water supply pipe 4, the water is directly delivered to the area where the plants need it most, which greatly reduces the evaporation and deep seepage loss of traditional surface irrigation. It is especially suitable for areas with scarce water resources.

[0045] The uniform permeation device 5 used in this application can be specifically referred to as a planting device disclosed in the applicant's previous patent application with application number 201520896820.3.

[0046] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application, and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A water and soil conservation coupled ecological management system, characterized in that: It includes a horizontal interception ditch (1), which is set on a slope (2) prone to soil erosion, and the horizontal interception ditch (1) is excavated along the contour line on the slope (2); A certain amount of planting cover soil is left in the intercepting horizontal ditch (1), and woody oil plants (3) are planted evenly along its length using the planting cover soil in the intercepting horizontal ditch (1). The intercepting horizontal ditch (1) is provided with a water supply pipe (4) below the roots of the woody oil plant (3). The water supply pipe (4) is connected to the uniform infiltration device (5). The uniform infiltration device (5) can pressurize and transport the water in the water supply pipe (4) to the roots of the woody oil plant (3).

2. The water and soil conservation coupled ecological management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple intercepting horizontal ditches (1), and each intercepting horizontal ditch (1) is located at a different contour line on the slope (2).

3. The water and soil conservation coupled ecological management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The slope (2) of the slope where the intercepting horizontal ditch (1) is set has a slope greater than 15°.

4. The water and soil conservation coupled ecological management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The woody oilseed plant (3) planted in the intercepted horizontal ditch (1) is *Sapindus mukorossi*.

5. The water and soil conservation coupled ecological management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The opening width of the interception horizontal ditch (1) is 35 cm, and the height of the interception embankment is 30 cm.

6. The water and soil conservation coupled ecological management system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The soil excavated from the intercepting horizontal ditch (1) is piled downstream of the intercepting horizontal ditch (1).

7. The water and soil conservation coupled ecological management system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The water supply pipe (4) is provided with a leakage port (6).

8. The water and soil conservation coupled ecological management system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The uniform infiltration device (5) includes a filter tank (51), a clear water tank (52), a pressure storage tank (53), and a liquid fertilizer and pesticide dispensing tank (54). The filter tank (51) is connected to the water source (7), and the filter tank (51), the clear water tank (52), and the liquid fertilizer and pesticide dispensing tank (54) are connected in sequence through pipe valves (55). The clear water tank (52) located in the middle is also connected to the pressure storage tank (53) through a booster pump (56). The pressure storage tank (53) is equipped with a pressure regulating device (57), and the pressure storage tank (53) is connected to the water supply pipeline (4).

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