Rainwater collection and utilization type three-dimensional greening drip irrigation structure system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rainwater collection and utilization type three -dimensional afforesting drip irrigation structure system, including the arrangement in the building load -bearing structure wall surface green plant, the green plant is installed in the green plant basic tray, the green plant basic tray is the modular structure, presents the rectangle, every green plant basic tray includes a plurality of green plant planting groove, the green plant basic tray is hung on the support hanger fixed in the building load -bearing structure wall surface, the lower portion of green plant has the gutter and the gutter reservoir, the bottom in the gutter reservoir is the pottery material drainage / water storage layer, is buried in the pottery material drainage / water storage layer and is equipped with the permeable drainage / water storage pipe, the inboard of gutter reservoir is provided with the pump chamber, the pump chamber has drip irrigation water pump, is used for the water of permeable drainage / water storage pipe export to the green plant drip irrigation irrigation system. The utility model reaches the control and utilization purpose to rainwater / surplus water while beautifying the building and surrounding environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of greening drip irrigation construction technology, and in particular to a rainwater harvesting and utilization type three-dimensional greening drip irrigation construction system. Background Technology

[0002] Terminology Explanation: Green building refers to high-quality buildings that, throughout their entire life cycle, conserve resources, protect the environment, reduce pollution, provide people with healthy, suitable, and efficient living spaces, and maximize the harmonious coexistence of humans and nature.

[0003] Sponge city: The internationally accepted term is "Low Impact Development Stormwater System Construction," a new concept in urban stormwater management. It draws inspiration from the characteristics of sponges in nature, possessing excellent water absorption, storage, infiltration, and purification capabilities, maintaining resilience and adaptability while responding to environmental changes and natural disasters. The construction of sponge cities better facilitates the accumulation, infiltration, and purification of rainwater in urban areas, while also promoting the utilization of rainwater resources and the protection of the ecological environment.

[0004] Sponge city architecture is a concept and approach to building development. By strengthening urban planning, construction, and management, it leverages the building's own functions of absorbing, storing, and slowly releasing rainwater to effectively control rainwater runoff and achieve natural accumulation, infiltration, and purification. Simultaneously, the collected rainwater resources undergo comprehensive treatment and are then controlled and utilized through specific methods.

[0005] Vertical greening refers to a greening method that makes full use of different local conditions, selects climbing plants and other plants, and plants them on various buildings, structures and other spatial structures.

[0006] Drip irrigation: This method uses plastic pipes to deliver water to the roots of crops through orifices or drippers on capillary tubes with a diameter of about 10mm for localized irrigation. Water utilization can reach 95%, resulting in highly water-saving irrigation.

[0007] Water scarcity, water pollution, and urban stormwater disasters are three major water resource problems that are widespread globally and are significant factors restricting urban development. In traditional urban construction models, paved roads and reinforced concrete buildings often serve as the main load-bearing structures, resulting in poor infiltration and storage capacity. Consequently, during heavy rains, control relies primarily on "gray" facilities such as pipe networks and pumping stations, with "rapid drainage" and "end-of-pipe centralized management" as the main planning and design concepts. This often leads to flooding after every rainfall and rapid shifts between drought and flood. Therefore, the construction of "sponge cities" and "sponge-type buildings," with their new connotation of low-impact development, has emerged and become a hot topic in academic and practical research worldwide in recent years.

[0008] Sponge city is a new generation of urban stormwater management concept, referring to cities that, like sponges, possess excellent resilience in adapting to environmental changes and responding to natural disasters caused by rainwater, exhibiting superior water absorption, storage, infiltration, and purification capabilities. Its construction follows the principle of ecological priority, combining natural methods with artificial measures. Through various technical approaches such as infiltration, retention, storage, purification, utilization, and drainage, it achieves a healthy urban hydrological cycle, improves the city's ability to infiltrate, regulate, purify, utilize, and discharge runoff rainwater, and maintains or restores the city's sponge function. The sponge bodies required for constructing a sponge city include natural water systems such as rivers, lakes, and ponds, as well as green spaces, gardens, permeable pavements, and buildings.

[0009] my country attaches great importance to the development and construction of sponge cities. Since the concept of sponge cities was first proposed in 2012, followed by the issuance of the "Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Construction of Sponge Cities," and the subsequent formulation of sponge city construction plans by numerous cities across the country, the guiding principles for urban development planning and architectural design and construction have gradually shifted from "rapid drainage" and "centralized end-point control" to "slow drainage and release" and "decentralized source control," aiming to reduce and avoid flood disasters and their impacts, and effectively collect and utilize rainwater. Currently, my country has existing national standards for sponge city construction, such as the "Standard for Sponge City Construction" GB / T 51345-2018, and the national building standard design atlas "Sponge Buildings and Community Rainwater Control and Utilization" 17S705, which can be used for reference.

[0010] Therefore, it is of great significance to propose a rainwater harvesting and utilization type three-dimensional greening drip irrigation system in accordance with relevant standards to meet the relevant needs. Utility Model Content

[0011] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings and defects of the existing technology and provide a rainwater harvesting and utilization type three-dimensional greening drip irrigation structure system.

[0012] A rainwater harvesting and utilization type three-dimensional greening drip irrigation system includes green plants arranged on the outer surface of the load-bearing structural wall of a building. The green plants are installed in a basic green plant tray, which is a modular rectangular structure. Each basic green plant tray includes multiple planting troughs. The basic green plant tray is hung on a support bracket fixed to the outer surface of the load-bearing structural wall of the building. Below the green plants are drainage channels and gutter water storage tanks. The bottom of the gutter water storage tank is a ceramic material drainage / water storage layer. Infiltration drainage / water storage pipes are buried in the ceramic material drainage / water storage layer. A pump room is arranged inside the gutter water storage tank. The pump room has a drip irrigation pump for transporting the water discharged from the infiltration drainage / water storage pipes to the green plant drip irrigation system.

[0013] Preferably, the support bracket includes a plurality of vertically arranged square tubes, which are spaced apart and fixed to the outer surface of the load-bearing wall of the building. The outer side of each square tube is connected to a plurality of vertically spaced hanging members, each hanging member including an L-shaped part and connecting the L-shaped part to another L-shaped part.

[0014] Preferably, each of the hanging components includes two angle steel bodies, which are formed by surface-to-surface welding.

[0015] Preferably, the support bracket is connected to the outer surface of the building's load-bearing wall structure using angle brackets and bolts. The angle bracket is connected to the square tube using screws and then to the outer surface of the building's load-bearing wall structure using bolts.

[0016] Preferably, the hanger is connected to the square tube by bolts.

[0017] Preferably, the back of the plant base tray has a hook portion that cooperates with the hanging device.

[0018] Preferably, the outer surface of the load-bearing wall of the building is provided with an insulation layer, the outer surface of the insulation layer is a waterproof layer, and the support bracket is outside the waterproof layer.

[0019] Preferably, a geotextile filter layer is laid above the ceramic material drainage / water storage layer.

[0020] Preferably, a waterproof layer is located below the ceramic material drainage / water storage layer, a leveling layer is located below the waterproof layer, a lightweight aggregate concrete slope-finding layer is located below the leveling layer, and the lightweight aggregate concrete slope-finding layer is a concrete floor slab.

[0021] Preferably, the outer side of the plant has a light and / or a ventilation fan.

[0022] This utility model improves and optimizes conventional methods of vertical greening on building walls and combines them with a sponge-type building rainwater harvesting and utilization system, providing a novel vertical greening drip irrigation system. While meeting the building's functional requirements, the system utilizes a self-circulating drip irrigation system to collect and reuse excess water. This excess water, along with runoff rainwater within the sponge building, is collected and stored in a unified rainwater harvesting and utilization system via gutter storage tanks and internal drainage (storage) facilities. When needed, the system can be reversed to irrigate the vegetation within the vertical planting system. This approach beautifies the building and its surrounding environment while leveraging the functions of a sponge building to control and utilize rainwater (excess water), alleviating urban flooding pressure and contributing to water conservation, energy saving, and emission reduction. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1This is a side view of the rainwater harvesting and utilization type three-dimensional greening drip irrigation structure system of this utility model.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the rainwater harvesting and utilization type three-dimensional greening drip irrigation structure system of this utility model.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a front view schematic diagram of the vegetation and support structure of this utility model.

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the vegetation base plate of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0027] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0028] See Figures 1 to 4 As shown in the exemplary embodiment of this application, the rainwater harvesting and utilization type three-dimensional greening drip irrigation system includes green plants 2 arranged on the outer surface of the load-bearing structural wall 1 of the building. The green plants are installed in a green plant base tray 3. The green plant base tray has a modular structure and is rectangular in shape. Each green plant base tray includes multiple green plant planting slots. The green plant base tray is hung on a support bracket fixed to the outer surface of the load-bearing structural wall of the building. There is a drainage channel 8 below the green plants. The gutter reservoir 16 has a ceramic material drainage / storage layer 20 at its bottom, with a permeable drainage / storage pipe 15 embedded in the ceramic material drainage / storage layer. A pump room is arranged inside the gutter reservoir, and the pump room has a drip irrigation pump 14 for transporting the water discharged from the permeable drainage / storage pipe to the green plant drip irrigation system through the pipeline 9. The inner side of the building's load-bearing structural wall 1 is an interior decorative layer structure 6, and the inner side below the gutter reservoir is the building's external envelope structural wall 21.

[0029] In this embodiment, the drainage trough 8 is used to collect water flowing down from the green plants and then discharge it into the gutter reservoir. The gutter reservoir can also collect rainwater and is located on the outside of the load-bearing structural wall 1 of the building. The pump room consists of a cover plate 12 and a vertical plate 13, and the drip irrigation pump is placed in the internal space. The inlet of the drip irrigation pump is connected to the outlet of the infiltration drain / storage pipe 15, and its outlet is connected to the inlet of the pipeline 9.

[0030] In some embodiments, the support bracket includes a plurality of vertically arranged square tubes 5 or rectangular tubes, the length of which is perpendicular to the ground. The square tubes are spaced apart radially and fixed to the outer surface of the building's load-bearing wall structure. A plurality of vertically spaced hanging members 5 are connected to the outer sides of the square tubes. Each hanging member includes an L-shaped portion connected to another L-shaped portion, the two L-shaped portions being rotationally symmetrical about 180 degrees. In some embodiments, each hanging member includes two elongated angle steel bodies, which are welded together through surface contact to form the hanging member.

[0031] In some embodiments, the support bracket is connected to the outer surface of the building's load-bearing structural wall 1 using angle brackets 7 and bolts. The angle bracket is then connected to the square tube using screws and subsequently to the outer surface of the building's load-bearing structural wall using bolts 8. In some embodiments, the hanger is connected to the square tube using bolts 23.

[0032] In some embodiments, the back of the plant base tray has a hook portion 22 that cooperates with the hanging device. In some embodiments, the outer surface of the building's load-bearing structural wall is provided with an insulation layer, the outer surface of which is a waterproof layer, and the support bracket is located outside the waterproof layer.

[0033] In some embodiments, a geotextile filter layer 17 is laid above the ceramsite drainage / water storage layer. In some embodiments, a waterproof layer 18 is located below the ceramsite drainage / water storage layer, a leveling layer is located below the waterproof layer, a lightweight aggregate concrete slope-forming layer is located below the leveling layer, and the lightweight aggregate concrete slope-forming layer is a concrete floor slab 19.

[0034] In some embodiments, a light 10 and / or a ventilation fan 11 are located above the outer side of the plant to provide lighting or illumination to the plant when needed, or to perform ventilation operations.

[0035] In this application, the infiltration drainage / storage pipe can be connected to the main pipe of the rainwater harvesting system or a centralized rainwater discharge outlet that has reliable usage conditions and is reliably connected to the rainwater harvesting system, and connected in parallel to the rainwater harvesting and utilization system pipeline uniformly set up in the site or residential area to the system storage tank.

[0036] The rainwater harvesting and utilization type vertical greening drip irrigation system provided in this plan, according to the system construction sequence, consists of the following main layers from indoors to outdoors: reinforced concrete load-bearing structure wall, exterior wall insulation layer, exterior wall waterproof layer, support brackets, greening base plate, and vegetation cover layer formed by green plants. From bottom to top, the gutter water storage tank mainly consists of a reinforced concrete floor slab, a lightweight aggregate concrete slope layer, a cement mortar leveling layer, a permeable drainage / storage pipe, a ceramsite drainage / storage layer, and a geotextile filter layer.

[0037] The simplified construction process of this rainwater harvesting and utilization type vertical greening drip irrigation system is as follows: (1) After the main construction is completed, a lightweight aggregate concrete slope layer shall be constructed on the top of the concrete roof slab of the gutter reservoir, and the thinnest part shall be no less than 30mm.

[0038] (2) Construct a 1:3 cement mortar leveling layer with a thickness of 15mm.

[0039] (3) When constructing the waterproof layer, the outer side should be rolled up and pressed into the concrete eaves.

[0040] (4) After positioning the permeation drainage / storage pipes according to the spacing, lay the ceramic pebble drainage and storage layer in layers, and the thinnest part should be no less than 100mm thick.

[0041] (5) Lay a 300g / ㎡ geotextile filter layer along the entire cross section of the reservoir, and bond or nail the ends together.

[0042] (6) Install drip irrigation pumps, accessories and supporting electrical equipment in the pump room.

[0043] (7) Apply external insulation material to the wall and nail it in some places.

[0044] (8) After the exterior wall waterproofing layer is constructed, the exterior wall decoration is carried out.

[0045] (9) Install the drip irrigation system control box, wire the electrical equipment, and install LED lights and ventilation fans.

[0046] (10) Water network installation, including drip irrigation pipes, etc.

[0047] (11) Install vertical hot-dip galvanized square tubes and corner brackets and anchor bolts at equal intervals according to the design requirements and fix them to the wall.

[0048] (12) Hot-dip galvanized double corner brackets are set at equal intervals in the horizontal direction and welded between the corner brackets to form a hanging piece.

[0049] (13) Install the bottom stainless steel drainage channel and water collection pipe to the end of the gutter water storage tank.

[0050] (14) The standard base plate and the corner bracket are connected to the hanger, and the installation should be continuous from bottom to top.

[0051] (15) Cover with planting soil and surface vegetation, test run and debug to ensure normal use, and the system construction is completed.

[0052] This system is applicable to all types of buildings. When the main building is being constructed according to the construction sequence and design requirements, various pipe fittings are pre-embedded to penetrate the concrete walls and floors.

[0053] The rainwater harvesting and utilization type vertical greening drip irrigation system provided in the exemplary embodiments of this application has the following unique advantages compared with conventional systems: (1) Two different sets of circulation loops are optimized and combined. They can operate independently or simultaneously. While playing their respective roles, the rainwater harvesting system can collect, filter, and store the residual water at the end of the vertical planting system and the surface runoff rainwater for recycling. The rainwater harvesting and utilization system also serves as a reserve water source for the vertical planting system, realizing multi-pipeline operation.

[0054] Traditional vertical planting water circulation systems are relatively independent. They use separate pumps and waterways to deliver irrigation water to stable drip emitters at the plant roots. Because the drip emitters have small pores, they require high-quality water, often necessitating a separate water filtration system at the source. Furthermore, residual runoff during irrigation is often not effectively recycled. By introducing a rainwater harvesting system, a dedicated drainage channel is installed at the base of the vertical planting wall to collect residual drip irrigation water, which is then piped to a gutter reservoir for centralized collection and storage.

[0055] The vertical greening remote drip irrigation system can operate independently via a water pump. When the stored water is insufficient, it can also be connected to a rainwater harvesting system. The collected and filtered water can serve as a backup water source, providing a reliable water supply and ensuring water security.

[0056] (2) The drainage (storage) facilities inside the gutter reservoir are interconnected with the rainwater collection and utilization system, pipelines, and storage facilities, possessing complete system integrity and reliability. The treated and stored rainwater can also be reused through the system to achieve reverse irrigation of the wall vegetation. This achieves the effects of water conservation, energy saving, and emission reduction.

[0057] The drainage (storage) pipes and expanded clay drainage (storage) layer within this system are relatively permeable, enabling both forward drainage and reverse water storage. In practical engineering applications, it should be connected to the main rainwater harvesting system or a centralized rainwater outlet with reliable operating conditions and a reliable connection to the rainwater harvesting system. It should then be connected in parallel to the rainwater harvesting and utilization system pipeline uniformly installed within the site or residential area. The collected rainwater is treated by the system and stored in a dedicated gutter storage tank. The water in the gutter storage tank can also be pressurized and reused by the system as a drip irrigation source for vertical walls. The system can realize the collection, control, storage, and reuse of runoff rainwater, forming a complete process flow line with good reliability.

[0058] (3) Set up a three-dimensional wall surface and use artificial measures to irrigate the three-dimensional planting of the wall surface with runoff rainwater. The vegetation layer can protect the building wall surface, and the planting soil inside the base can slowly release rainwater, reduce the pressure of terminal discharge, play the role of source emission reduction, effectively improve the defects of the traditional "gray" drainage system with segmented flow and concentrated terminal discharge, and reduce the pressure of the overall drainage system.

[0059] This system combines the traditional advantages of vertical planting systems by covering building walls with vegetation. The planting soil slowly infiltrates and stores surface runoff rainwater, breaking the traditional state of walls without a proper drainage system. During the runoff process, the plants on the wall are irrigated and excess water is collected and then flows into the rainwater collection system through the lower water collection trough. This protects the wall and prevents long-term rainwater erosion, while also reducing the pressure on the building's drainage system.

[0060] (4) Improve the traditional “gray” drainage system by using the overhanging part at the eaves as a gutter reservoir to collect surface runoff rainwater and residual water from wall drip irrigation in an organized manner, and combine it with drainage (storage) facilities at the bottom of the gutter reservoir to work in coordination with the building drainage system.

[0061] The bottom of the gutter reservoir is equipped with drainage (storage) infiltration pipes, which are covered with a drainage (storage) layer. This allows the system to slowly infiltrate and store surface runoff rainwater, reducing the pressure on end-of-pipe discharge, achieving source reduction, and effectively improving the shortcomings of traditional "gray" buildings where runoff is collected in sections and discharged centrally at the end.

[0062] Rainwater seeping to the bottom is reliably connected to the collection system through roof drains, allowing for camera-based adjustments. The collected rainwater then enters storage equipment through the rainwater collection system, achieving rainwater collection and storage and alleviating urban flooding pressure.

[0063] (5) Based on the design concepts of sponge city and sponge-type building, the proposed scheme aims to utilize and improve the construction measures of traditional buildings, making them "sponge bodies" with natural regulation capabilities. The main functions are as follows: 1) Reduce urban consumption of natural water sources, make effective use of water resources, and realize "collection-storage-reuse" to reduce the city's over-reliance on water resources.

[0064] 2) It enables buildings to have better hydrological regulation capabilities, reduces urban flooding, and improves the urban environment and the quality of life for residents.

[0065] 3) Protect the ecological environment, improve the ecological function of the city, protect natural water bodies such as rivers and lakes, improve ecological function through the construction of sponge buildings, and promote sustainable development.

[0066] 4) As people pay more and more attention to environmental protection and resource utilization, the construction of sponge buildings will gradually become an emerging industry, creating a large number of job opportunities and economic benefits for society.

[0067] 5) The building structure layers and construction materials are all technologically mature products that have achieved mass production in factories. They can be directly constructed and installed on site, and have the characteristics of convenient procurement, low cost, short construction period, high construction efficiency and small environmental impact. They are in line with the future development direction of sponge city and green building (building materials) technology.

[0068] 6) Adhering to the concept of sustainable development and fully responding to the development requirements of sponge cities and green buildings, and combining my country's urban development plan and the guiding ideology of sponge buildings, the proposed solution fully retains the traditional advantages of traditional building design and construction technology, while incorporating the achievements of technological innovation. The solution is in line with the future development direction of green building technology and has great application prospects.

[0069] 7) The structure can be flexibly adjusted to add or remove layers according to different environmental categories, building functions, styles, and structural types. The accessories and building materials used can be arbitrarily adjusted according to different building categories, fire resistance ratings, and seismic requirements of different regions. It can meet various design requirements, has strong practicality, and has certain social promotion potential and economic value.

[0070] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that this utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or basic features of this utility model. Therefore, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended to encompass all variations falling within the meaning and scope of the equivalents of the claims within the present invention.

[0071] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A rainwater harvesting and utilization type vertical greening drip irrigation system, characterized in that, The system includes green plants arranged on the outer surface of the building's load-bearing structural walls. The green plants are housed in modular, rectangular planting trays, each containing multiple planting troughs. The planting trays are mounted on support frames fixed to the outer surface of the building's load-bearing structural walls. Below the green plants are drainage channels and a gutter water storage tank. The bottom of the gutter water storage tank is a ceramic material drainage / water storage layer, within which infiltration drainage / water storage pipes are embedded. A pump room is located inside the gutter water storage tank, equipped with a drip irrigation pump for pumping water discharged from the infiltration drainage / water storage pipes to the green plant drip irrigation system.

2. The rainwater harvesting and utilization type three-dimensional greening drip irrigation structure system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support bracket includes multiple vertically arranged square tubes, which are spaced apart and fixed to the outer surface of the load-bearing wall of the building. Multiple hanging members arranged vertically and horizontally are connected to the outside of the square tubes. Each hanging member includes an L-shaped part that connects to another L-shaped part.

3. The rainwater harvesting and utilization type three-dimensional greening drip irrigation structure system according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the above-mentioned hangers includes two angle steel bodies, which are formed by surface-to-surface welding.

4. The rainwater harvesting and utilization type three-dimensional greening drip irrigation structure system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The support bracket is connected to the outer surface of the building's load-bearing wall structure using angle brackets and bolts. The angle bracket is connected to the square tube using screws and then to the outer surface of the building's load-bearing wall structure using bolts.

5. The rainwater harvesting and utilization type three-dimensional greening drip irrigation structure system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The hanger is connected to the square tube by bolts.

6. The rainwater harvesting and utilization type three-dimensional greening drip irrigation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The back of the plant base tray has a hook that works with the hanging device.

7. The rainwater harvesting and utilization type three-dimensional greening drip irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the load-bearing wall of the building is provided with an insulation layer, and the outer surface of the insulation layer is a waterproof layer. The support bracket is located outside the waterproof layer.

8. The rainwater harvesting and utilization type three-dimensional greening drip irrigation structure system according to claim 1, characterized in that, A geotextile filter layer is laid above the ceramic material drainage / water storage layer.

9. The rainwater harvesting and utilization type three-dimensional greening drip irrigation structure system according to claim 8, characterized in that, Below the ceramic material drainage / water storage layer is a waterproof layer, below the waterproof layer is a leveling layer, below the leveling layer is a lightweight aggregate concrete slope-finding layer, and the lightweight aggregate concrete slope-finding layer is a concrete floor slab.

10. The rainwater harvesting and utilization type three-dimensional greening drip irrigation system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The green plant has a light and / or a ventilation fan on its outer upper side.

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