A quench flash tank for processing ternary substances

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of for handling trisomic substance's flash tank, including tank body, tank body upper portion is provided with feed inlet, steam pipe and exhaust pipe, feed inlet below is equipped with feed buffer plate, the water bath tray pipe is installed on the tank body outer wall;Stirring device is installed in the tank body, the stirring device includes hollow stirring shaft, one end of hollow stirring shaft is connected to compressed air device and water chiller, hollow stirring shaft is equipped with hollow stirring rod, high-pressure spray head is arranged on the hollow stirring shaft and hollow stirring rod.The utility model flash tank is suitable for processing straw, livestock manure and other cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin-containing solid organic matter, under the premise of guaranteeing straw gradient thermal hydrolysis efficiency, avoid forming Maillard effect after trisomic substance gradient thermal hydrolysis, can effectively improve the deconstruction rate and biochemical property of trisomic substance in waste organic matter, meet the demand of agricultural waste resource treatment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of waste organic matter treatment equipment, and in particular relates to a quench flash evaporator for treating three types of substances. Background Technology

[0002] Agricultural production waste in my country is mainly divided into three categories: crop waste, livestock waste, and agricultural product processing waste. The treatment method is mainly resource utilization, while also taking into account harmless treatment.

[0003] Agricultural waste mainly includes crop straw such as wheat, corn, and rice. my country produces approximately 800 million tons of straw annually. Traditional disposal methods (such as burning and indiscriminate dumping) easily cause air pollution and resource waste. Anaerobic fermentation can convert cellulose and hemicellulose in straw into biogas. The remaining fermentation residue (biogas residue and biogas slurry) is a high-quality organic fertilizer, rich in nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and organic matter. It can be directly returned to the field to improve soil fertility or processed into commercial organic fertilizer for sale, forming an agricultural circular chain of "straw → biogas → organic fertilizer → crops".

[0004] Livestock waste mainly consists of manure produced during the raising of livestock and poultry such as pigs, cattle, chickens, and ducks. It contains a large amount of organic matter and nutrients. The treatment methods mainly involve anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas or yeast fermentation to produce feed for resource utilization.

[0005] Straw is rich in lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose (i.e., the three elements), and similarly, livestock and poultry manure also contains a certain amount of lignin and cellulose. Lignin has a stable structure and encapsulates and cross-links other components; cellulose, in its crystalline state, is difficult for enzymes to penetrate; and hemicellulose has a highly heterogeneous structure and binds other components, each presenting its own degradation obstacle. Furthermore, the cross-linking of lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose forms a stable physicochemical barrier, making them difficult to degrade during anaerobic fermentation.

[0006] When producing feed using organic solids such as straw and livestock manure, high-temperature pretreatment is usually required to convert the cellulose and hemicellulose in the straw into fermentable sugars. However, under high-temperature conditions (usually 120-200℃), the amino groups of essential amino acids such as lysine, methionine, and tryptophan easily combine with reducing sugars to form indigestible Maillard products (MRPs), which leads to a decrease in the content of available amino acids in the feed (especially lysine loss, which can reach 20%-50%), inhibits the activity of digestive enzymes (such as amylase and protease), and affects the quality of the feed.

[0007] To improve the degradation rate of the three elements (straw, manure, and organic matter) and increase biogas production per ton of straw and livestock manure for animal feed production, pretreatment of straw and livestock manure is necessary. Straw pretreatment methods mainly include physical, chemical, and biological methods. After pretreatment using these methods, a flash evaporator can be used. Through a depressurization process, the straw is expanded and pulverized. The instantaneous pressure drop causes the steam volume to expand, creating a "steam explosion" effect, forming smaller organic particles, further enhancing the pretreatment effect. Furthermore, rapid cooling helps suppress the Maillard effect. Existing flash evaporators consist of a tank body, inlet, outlet, steam pipe, and exhaust pipe. This structure is only suitable for treating liquids with low or no solid content. It relies primarily on internal pressure regulation to achieve flash evaporation and rapid gas-liquid separation. Flash evaporators lack internal stirring and cleaning devices, making them unsuitable for treating waste organic materials such as straw and livestock manure. Summary of the Invention

[0008] This invention addresses the technical problem that existing flash evaporators lack stirring and cleaning devices, making them unsuitable for processing waste organic matter such as straw and livestock manure. It proposes a rapid-cooling flash evaporator with a hollow stirring shaft and high-pressure nozzles on both the shaft and rod for decomposing tri-element substances. This not only effectively decomposes solid organic matter containing tri-element substances, such as straw and livestock manure, reducing the Maillard effect, but also automatically cleans the tank wall, reducing material adhesion to the inner wall.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: A quench flash evaporator for processing three elements includes a tank body and supporting legs. The upper part of the tank body is provided with a feed inlet, a steam pipe and an exhaust pipe. A feed buffer plate is installed below the feed inlet. The bottom of the tank body is provided with a discharge outlet. A water bath coil is installed on the outer wall of the tank body. The tank is equipped with a stirring device, which includes a hollow stirring shaft. The two ends of the hollow stirring shaft are mounted on both ends of the tank via bearings. One end of the hollow stirring shaft is connected to a compressed air device and a chiller. Multiple hollow stirring rods are provided on the hollow stirring shaft, and high-pressure nozzles are provided on the hollow stirring shaft and the hollow stirring rods.

[0010] Preferably, a wear-resistant plastic scraper is bolted to the end of the hollow stirring rod, and the plane of the scraper forms an angle of 10-20 degrees with the plane of the hollow stirring rod.

[0011] Preferably, the tank is placed horizontally and has an elliptical cross-section.

[0012] Preferably, an arc-shaped separation plate is provided inside the exhaust pipe, and a gap is provided between the edge of the arc-shaped separation plate and the exhaust pipe to allow airflow to pass through. A filter element is installed at the end of the exhaust pipe, and the filter element is screwed into the exhaust pipe by threads.

[0013] Preferably, the feed inlets are provided in multiple locations, distributed at the top of the tank.

[0014] Preferably, the feed buffer plate includes a left side plate and a right side plate welded together, with an included angle of 110-130 degrees between the left side plate and the right side plate.

[0015] Preferably, the upper part of the tank is provided with three crossbeams, and the feed buffer plate is installed on the three crossbeams by bolts.

[0016] Preferably, the inner wall of the tank is coated with tungsten carbide spray and ceramic coating.

[0017] Preferably, the water bath coil includes an inlet, a semi-circular water pipe, and an outlet. The semi-circular water pipe is covered with an insulation layer. The inlet and outlet are respectively connected to the outlet and inlet of the heat exchanger.

[0018] Preferably, both the inlet and outlet are equipped with sealing gate valves.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this utility model are as follows: The flash tank described in this utility model, with multiple feed ports and an inverted V-shaped buffer plate, can be used in conjunction with multiple pretreatment tanks to achieve rapid feeding and uniform material dispersion. The buffer plate can effectively reduce the impact of the material on the stirring device and extend the service life of the equipment.

[0020] An internal stirring device agitates materials to enhance flash evaporation. A wear-resistant scraper at the end of the hollow stirring rod prevents material from adhering to the tank bottom. High-pressure nozzles on the hollow stirring shaft and rod automatically clean the tank walls with compressed air, and clean the tank after discharge to prevent material residue.

[0021] The dual design of the arc-shaped separator plate and filter element inside the exhaust pipe can intercept solid particles, preventing material loss and pipe blockage.

[0022] This utility model of flash evaporator specifically solves the problem that traditional flash evaporators are not suitable for treating solid organic matter such as straw and livestock manure. It can effectively improve the degradation effect of the three organic substances and increase the degradation rate of the three substances, which meets the needs of agricultural waste treatment. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This is a diagram showing the usage state of the flash evaporator used by this utility model for decomposing three elements. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the flash tank of this utility model used for decomposing three elements. Figure 3 This is a longitudinal sectional view of the flash tank of this utility model used for decomposing three elements. Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the flash tank for decomposing three elements according to this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped separation plate structure of the flash tank used for decomposing three elements according to this utility model. In the above figures: 1. Tank body; 2. Support leg; 3. Crossbeam; 4. Feed inlet; 5. Discharge outlet; 6. Feed buffer plate; 7. Left side plate; 8. Right side plate; 9. Exhaust pipe; 10. Exhaust port; 11. Steam pipe; 12. Hollow stirring shaft; 13. Hollow stirring rod; 14. Scraper; 15. Arc-shaped separation plate; 16. Support; 17. Water inlet; 18. Water outlet; 19. Semi-circular water pipe; 20. Pretreatment tank. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To better understand this utility model, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0025] Example: Figures 1-4 As shown, a flash evaporator for decomposing three elements includes a tank body 1 and legs 2 supporting the tank body 1. The tank body 1 is placed horizontally and has an elliptical cross-section. The upper part of the tank body 1 is provided with a feed inlet 4, a steam pipe 11, and an exhaust pipe 9. In this embodiment, one flash tank is used in conjunction with four pretreatment tanks 20. The four pretreatment tanks 20 are evenly arranged laterally along the tank body 1, and each pretreatment tank 20 has two discharge ports 5 at its bottom. Therefore, in this embodiment, the top of the flash tank body 1 has eight feed inlets 4 corresponding to each pretreatment tank 20. Each feed inlet 4 is equipped with an electric sealing gate valve. When feeding is required, the electric sealing gate valve opens quickly, and the material in the pretreatment tank 20 is discharged into the flash tank under the combined action of gravity and pressure. A feed buffer plate 6 is installed below the feed inlet 4. The feed buffer plate 6 includes a left side plate 7 and a right side plate 8 welded together to form an inverted V-shaped structure. The included angle between the left side plate 7 and the right side plate 8 is 110-130 degrees. The top of the feed buffer plate 6 is located between the two feed inlets 4 corresponding to the same pretreatment tank 20, dispersing the material to both sides of the feed buffer plate 6, making the material more evenly dispersed. At the same time, the material first contacts the feed buffer plate 6 during its fall before falling into the tank body 1, which can effectively reduce the impact and wear of the material on the agitator and increase the service life of the agitator. The upper part of the tank body 1 is provided with three crossbeams 3, and the feed buffer plate 6 is bolted to the three crossbeams 3. The feed buffer plate 6 is made of stainless steel plate and is movably installed on the crossbeams 3. As a wear part, it can be replaced after wear. To enhance the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of tank 1, tank 1 itself is made of 316L stainless steel. The inner wall of tank 1 is coated with tungsten carbide spraying and a ceramic coating. Specifically, a 0.3-1.0 mm thick tungsten carbide-based coating is first prepared on the 316L substrate using a supersonic flame spraying process. Then, a 2-5 μm thick nitride ceramic coating (such as titanium nitride or aluminum chromium nitride) is deposited on its surface using physical vapor deposition. The ceramic coating isolates the corrosive medium from contact with the tungsten carbide coating, preventing corrosion of the binder phase in the tungsten carbide, and further improving surface hardness. Alternatively, a PTFE coating can be used instead of the ceramic coating to increase corrosion resistance. The tank body 1 is provided with a discharge port 5 at the bottom. The number of discharge ports 5 is set to 1-3 according to actual needs. In this embodiment, there are two, one located in the middle of the bottom surface of the tank body 1 and the other located at the right end of the bottom surface of the tank body 1. Each discharge port 5 is equipped with an electric sealing gate valve. When it is necessary to discharge material, the electric sealing gate valve opens to discharge the material. A water bath coil is installed on the outer wall of the tank body 1. The water bath coil includes an inlet 17, a semi-circular water pipe 19, and an outlet 18. The semi-circular water pipe 19 is covered with an insulation layer. The inlet 17 and the outlet 18 are respectively connected to the outlet and inlet of the heat exchanger. The circulating water is cooled after heat exchange in the heat exchanger, and then exchanges heat with the tank body 1 through the water bath coil, quickly removing the heat from the material inside the tank, thus lowering the temperature inside the tank body 1 and helping to improve the flash evaporation effect. A stirring device is installed inside the tank 1. The stirring device includes a hollow stirring shaft 12, with both ends of the hollow stirring shaft 12 mounted on both ends of the tank 1 via bearings. One end of the hollow stirring shaft 12 is connected to a compressed air device and a chiller via a pipeline and a solenoid valve, respectively. The other end of the hollow stirring shaft 12 is sealed and equipped with a driven wheel, which is connected to a drive device. The drive device provides power to achieve the stirring effect. Multiple hollow stirring rods 13 are axially arranged on the hollow stirring shaft 12, and the internal cavity of the hollow stirring rods 13 is connected to the cavity of the hollow stirring shaft 12. High-pressure nozzles are installed on the hollow stirring shaft 12 and the hollow stirring rods 13. When feeding material into tank 1, the solenoid valve of the chiller pipeline is opened while the solenoid valve of the compressed air device pipeline is closed. Cooling water is supplied to the hollow stirring shaft 12 and hollow stirring rod 13 through the chiller. Combined with the cooling effect of the water bath coil, the temperature of the material inside tank 1 drops rapidly, effectively suppressing the Maillard effect. After discharging, the solenoid valve of the chiller pipeline is closed while the solenoid valve of the compressed air device pipeline is opened. Compressed air is supplied to the hollow stirring shaft 12 and hollow stirring rod 13 through the compressed air device. At the same time, the hollow stirring shaft 12 rotates at a certain speed, and the high-pressure nozzle continuously sprays compressed air onto the inner wall of tank 1, cleaning up the straw, poultry and livestock manure, and other materials adhering to the inner wall of tank 1. To enhance the cleaning effect, a high-pressure nozzle is provided at the left end of the hollow stirring shaft 12, facing the left side wall of the tank 1. A high-pressure nozzle is provided on the hollow stirring rod 13, or it is inclined towards the discharge port 5 to spray. During the cleaning process, the material is blown to the discharge port 5 and smoothly discharged outside the tank 1. A scraper 14 is bolted to the end of the hollow stirring rod 13. The scraper 14 is made of wear-resistant plastic, and its plane forms a 10-20 degree angle with the plane of the hollow stirring rod 13. The scraper 14 can contact the bottom surface of the tank 1 and scrape the bottom of the tank 1 during stirring, thereby preventing material from adhering to the bottom of the tank 1 for a long time and being difficult to remove. The scraper 14 can be replaced at any time after it wears out. like Figure 5As shown, to prevent a large amount of fine straw from being carried out of the exhaust pipe 9 by the airflow, an arc-shaped separation plate 15 is installed inside the exhaust pipe 9 via a bracket 16. During installation, the concave surface of the arc-shaped separation plate 15 faces downwards, and a gap is provided between its edge and the wall of the exhaust pipe 9 to allow airflow. The radius of curvature of the arc-shaped separation plate 15 is R = 1.5D, where D is the diameter of the exhaust pipe 9. The lower surface of the arc-shaped separation plate 15 is coated with a tungsten carbide coating. When air is drawn by a vacuum pump, the airflow enters the exhaust pipe 9 through the exhaust port 10. Upon encountering the arc-shaped separation plate 15, the airflow changes direction and flows upwards through the gap at its edge. Solid substances and some liquid droplets in the airflow collide with the lower surface of the arc-shaped separation plate 15, accumulate, and fall back into the vacuum negative pressure biochemical tower, preventing excessive removal of reagents from the biochemical tower. The lower surface of the arc-shaped separation plate 15 is coated with a tungsten carbide coating to increase its wear resistance and corrosion resistance. To further filter solid particles, the inner wall of the exhaust pipe 9 is provided with internal threads, and the filter element is screwed to the end of the exhaust pipe 9 by the threads. When the filtration capacity decreases, it can be pulled out and replaced with a new filter element. The flash evaporator described in this invention specifically addresses the problem that traditional flash evaporators are unsuitable for treating solid organic matter such as straw and livestock manure. It effectively improves the degradation of the three organic compounds and inhibits adverse reactions. Multiple feed inlets 4 combined with an inverted V-shaped feed buffer plate 6 ensure uniform material dispersion. The internal stirring device and wear-resistant scraper 14 enhance the flash evaporation effect and prevent material from adhering to the bottom of the tank 1. High-pressure nozzles on the hollow stirring shaft 12 and hollow stirring rod 13 automatically clean the tank 1 wall with compressed air, further reducing material residue. They can also be used in conjunction with a water bath coil installed on the outer wall of the tank 1 to rapidly cool the material and suppress the Maillard effect. The tank 1 is made of 316L stainless steel with a composite coating to enhance corrosion and wear resistance. The dual design of the arc-shaped separation plate 15 and filter element inside the exhaust pipe 9 intercepts solid particles, preventing material loss and pipe blockage. The convenient replacement design of vulnerable parts reduces maintenance costs. The overall structure of the flash evaporator meets the needs of agricultural waste treatment. While ensuring the efficiency of straw hydrolysis (destroying the cellulose crystal structure), it increases the gas production of anaerobic fermentation, avoids the Maillard effect caused by prolonged high temperature, and improves the efficiency of resource recycling and product quality.

[0026] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments for application in other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the technical solution of the present utility model shall still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A quench flash evaporator for processing three elements, characterized in that: The tank includes a tank body and supporting legs. The upper part of the tank body is provided with a feed inlet, a steam pipe and an exhaust pipe. A feed buffer plate is installed below the feed inlet. The bottom of the tank body is provided with a discharge outlet. A water bath coil is installed on the outer wall of the tank body. The tank is equipped with a stirring device, which includes a hollow stirring shaft. The two ends of the hollow stirring shaft are mounted on both ends of the tank via bearings. One end of the hollow stirring shaft is connected to a compressed air device and a chiller. Multiple hollow stirring rods are provided on the hollow stirring shaft, and high-pressure nozzles are provided on the hollow stirring shaft and the hollow stirring rods.

2. The quench flash evaporator for processing three elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hollow stirring rod has a wear-resistant plastic scraper bolted to its end, and the plane of the scraper forms an angle of 10-20 degrees with the plane of the hollow stirring rod.

3. The quench flash evaporator for processing three elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tank is placed horizontally, and its cross-section is elliptical.

4. The quench flash evaporator for processing three elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: An arc-shaped separation plate is installed inside the exhaust pipe, and a gap is provided between the edge of the arc-shaped separation plate and the exhaust pipe to allow airflow. A filter element is installed at the end of the exhaust pipe, and the filter element is screwed into the exhaust pipe by threads.

5. The quench flash evaporator for processing three elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed inlets are configured as multiple inlets, which are distributed at the top of the tank.

6. The quench flash evaporator for processing three elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feed buffer plate includes a left side plate and a right side plate welded together, with an included angle of 110-130 degrees between the left side plate and the right side plate.

7. The quench flash evaporator for processing three elements according to claim 6, characterized in that: The upper part of the tank is equipped with three crossbeams, and the feed buffer plate is installed on the three crossbeams by bolts.

8. The quench flash evaporator for processing three elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the tank is coated with tungsten carbide spray and ceramic coating.

9. The quench flash evaporator for processing three elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water bath coil includes an inlet, a semi-circular water pipe, and an outlet. The semi-circular water pipe is covered with an insulation layer. The inlet and outlet are respectively connected to the outlet and inlet of the heat exchanger.

10. The quench flash evaporator for processing three elements according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the inlet and outlet are equipped with sealing gate valves.

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