An apparatus for the extraction separation of a ternary leachate

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of extraction separation devices of ternary leaching liquid, for N-stage series extraction device, including N connected extraction units in turn;N=3, in extraction unit, mixed chamber output end and clarification chamber input end are communicated by first conveying pipeline, mixed chamber fluid is driven by first driving device, flows into clarification chamber by first conveying pipeline, more than two spiral ribs are equipped in the inner wall of first conveying pipeline, spiral rib is coaxial with first conveying pipeline, more than two spiral ribs of first conveying pipeline constitute multi-head spiral structure, the height of protrusion of each spiral rib is constant, along the axial direction of multi-head spiral structure, the height of protrusion of each spiral rib decreases. Compared with prior art, the present application inhibits the settlement adhesion of heavy phase, reduces the residual loss amount of target metal ion in pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of battery recycling technology, and more specifically, to an extraction and separation device for ternary leachate. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, ternary lithium batteries are widely used in electric vehicles, energy storage equipment, and other fields due to their high energy density. This has led to a large number of retired and scrapped batteries, creating a demand for battery recycling.

[0003] From both resource and environmental perspectives, battery recycling is imperative. On the one hand, the cathode of ternary lithium batteries contains scarce metals such as nickel, cobalt, and manganese, and direct disposal would result in energy waste. On the other hand, if used batteries are not recycled and disposed of haphazardly, the electrolyte and cathode materials will seep into the soil and water, causing heavy metal pollution and ecological risks. In the ternary battery recycling process, the cathode material is the core target for recycling. To extract metals such as nickel, cobalt, and manganese from the cathode, a leaching process is required. This involves using an acidic leachate in conjunction with a reducing agent to dissolve the metal oxides in the cathode material into metal ions, ultimately forming a ternary leachate.

[0004] The target metals in ternary leaching solutions have similar chemical properties and contain a large number of impurity ions. Existing technologies often employ solvent extraction to separate and purify the target metals. However, existing ternary leaching solution extraction devices generally include at least three extraction units connected in series. Each extraction unit includes a mixing chamber, a clarification chamber (for settling and stratification), and a back-extraction chamber arranged sequentially. The mixing chamber and the clarification chamber are connected by a circular pipe, and the mixed fluid in the mixing chamber is driven and transported to the clarification chamber through the circular pipe. However, the transport pipes in existing devices are smooth, non-turbulent circular pipes. The high-viscosity heavy phase is easily affected by gravity and sidewall effects during transportation, settling and adhering to the pipe wall. Some of it remains inside the pipe and does not participate in downstream processes, adversely affecting the recovery rate of other target metal ions in the heavy phase.

[0005] Therefore, how to provide a new extraction and separation device for ternary leachate, which can turbulentize the mixed system transported by the pipeline between the mixing chamber and the clarification chamber and reduce the risk of adhesion residue caused by sedimentation, has become an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an extraction and separation device for ternary leachate to solve the aforementioned technical problems.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: An extraction and separation device for a ternary leachate is an N-stage series extraction device, comprising N extraction units connected in sequence. In the extraction unit, the mixing chamber output end and the clarification chamber input end are connected through a first conveying pipe. The fluid in the mixing chamber is driven by a first driving device and flows into the clarification chamber through the first conveying pipe. The inner wall of the first conveying pipe is provided with two or more spiral ribs. The spiral ribs are coaxial with the first conveying pipe. The two or more spiral ribs of the first conveying pipe form a multi-head spiral structure. The protrusion height of each spiral rib is constant. Along the axial direction of the multi-head spiral structure, the protrusion height of each spiral rib decreases.

[0008] Preferably, the inner wall of the first conveying pipe is provided with two spiral ribs, and the two spiral ribs form a double-headed spiral.

[0009] Preferably, the clarification chamber is provided with an observation window to observe the stratification situation inside the clarification chamber. The bottom of the clarification chamber is provided with a first discharge port, and the top is equipped with a telescopic pipe. The telescopic pipe extends in the same direction as the direction of gravity. The telescopic pipe's extension and retraction adjustment point is located outside the clarification chamber. After the fluid in the clarification chamber stratifies, the upper layer fluid is driven by a second driving device and discharged from the clarification chamber through the telescopic pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the telescopic pipe is a pneumatic telescopic pipe equipped with an air source device, which is used to supply air to the pneumatic telescopic pipe to adjust the telescopic range.

[0011] Preferably, the protrusion height of the spiral rib is 1 / 20 to 1 / 10 of the inner diameter of the first conveying pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the ratio of the pitch of the spiral rib to the inner diameter of the first conveying pipe is 0.8-1.5.

[0013] Preferably, the ratio of the protrusion height of the spiral rib to the inner diameter of the first conveying pipe is 0.05-0.15.

[0014] Preferably, along the axial direction of the multi-headed helical structure, the protrusion height of the helical rib is 0.5-0.7 times the protrusion height of the previous helical rib.

[0015] In the mixing chamber, the heavy and light phases are sheared into relatively homogeneous droplets. Ideally, this homogeneous mixture of light and heavy phases should be maintained, with both in contact with the pipe wall, but the heavy phase having relatively less contact with the pipe wall and thus less residue. However, in reality, the heavy and light phases are immiscible, making the mixture unstable. Due to the pipe wall effect and gravity, the heavy phase tends to settle and adhere to the pipe wall more than the light phase, increasing its contact with the wall and resulting in more adhesive residue. This application adds a multi-headed spiral structure as a flow-disrupting structure to the first delivery pipe. The convex ribs create turbulence, promoting radial interactive flow, enhancing system instability, suppressing sedimentation caused by the wall effect and gravity, reducing the contact opportunity between the heavy phase and the pipe wall (compared to existing technologies), reducing adhesive residue, and reducing the loss of other metal ions in the heavy phase (not the target of this extraction unit but the target of other downstream extraction units), thus ensuring the recovery rate of other metal ions. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which form part of this application, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments; those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the extraction and separation device for the ternary leachate provided in this embodiment of the application; Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the first conveying pipeline in the embodiment; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Cross-sectional view; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of the image; Figure 5 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the extraction unit in the embodiment; Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the clarification chamber; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a portion of the image.

[0017] Reference numerals: 100, extraction unit; 110, mixing chamber; 120, clarification chamber; 121, observation window; 122, first discharge port; 123, telescopic pipe; 124, second drive device; 125, gas source device; 126, gas outlet pipe; 127, first conveying pipe; 128, spiral rib; 129, limiting part; 130, back-extraction chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0019] See Figures 1 to 7 As shown, this utility model provides an extraction and separation device for a ternary leachate, which is an N-stage series extraction device, including N extraction units 100 connected in sequence.

[0020] As is well known, an extraction unit 100 containing a mixing chamber 110 and a clarification chamber 120 should at least include a mixing chamber 110, a clarification chamber 120, and a back-extraction chamber 130 connected in sequence. This application does not specifically limit the structure of the back-extraction chamber 130, as long as back-extraction can be completed. N≥3, in the extraction unit 100, the output end of the mixing chamber 110 is connected to the input end of the clarification chamber 120 through a first conveying pipe 127. The fluid in the mixing chamber 110 is driven by a first driving device and flows into the clarification chamber 120 through the first conveying pipe 127. The inner wall of the first conveying pipe 127 is provided with two or more spiral ribs 128. The spiral ribs 128 are coaxial with the first conveying pipe 127. The two or more spiral ribs 128 of the first conveying pipe 127 form a multi-head spiral structure. The protrusion height of each spiral rib 128 is constant, and the protrusion height of each spiral rib 128 decreases along the axial direction of the multi-head spiral structure. Figure 2-4 As shown, Figure 1 In the embodiment, two spiral ribs are provided inside the first conveying pipe 127 to form a double-headed spiral, and the heights of the ribs are different, one high and one low.

[0021] In mixing chamber 110, the heavy and light phases are sheared into relatively uniformly mixed droplets. Ideally, this uniform mixing of the light and heavy phases should be maintained, with both phases in contact with the pipe wall, resulting in less contact and less residue of the heavy phase. However, in reality, the heavy and light phases are immiscible, making the mixture unstable. Due to the sidewall effect and gravity, the heavy phase tends to settle and adhere to the pipe wall more than the light phase, increasing its contact with the wall and resulting in more adhesive residue. This application adds a multi-headed spiral structure to the first conveying pipe 127 as a flow-disrupting structure. The convex ribs create turbulence, promoting radial interactive flow, enhancing system instability, and suppressing sidewall effect and gravity-induced settling. This reduces the contact opportunity between the heavy phase and the pipe wall (compared to existing technologies), reduces adhesive residue, and decreases the loss of other metal ions in the heavy phase (not the target of this extraction unit 100, but the target of other downstream extraction units 100), thus ensuring the recovery rate of other metal ions.

[0022] It should be noted that this utility model is applicable to the extraction and recovery treatment of ternary leachate with high total metal ion concentration and high viscosity. For this type of ternary leachate to be treated, the residual amount of pipeline sedimentation caused by the use of existing devices is large. The residual amount reduced by the turbulence structure to suppress sedimentation is much greater than the residual amount of the dead angle of the limiting barrier added by the turbulence structure itself.

[0023] It should be noted that this application does not specifically limit the driving structure of the first driving device and the second driving device 124. The first driving device may be located in the mixing chamber 110, the clarification chamber 120, or inside the first conveying pipe 127. It may be connected at one end with a short flexible hose, and may be equipped with a stepper motor to drive a peristaltic pump, or a reciprocating metering pump, a hydraulically driven plunger metering pump, a screw pump, or a diaphragm pump.

[0024] In addition, the spiral ribs 128 can also apply shear force to the fluid, breaking up the large droplet clusters formed by collision and aggregation, preventing premature pre-stratification or even blockage of the flow channel; the spiral continuity of the spiral ribs 128 can also reduce the risk of obstruction and limitation of the plate-shaped turbulence structure, reducing the residual amount caused by sedimentation while reducing the additional residual amount of the turbulence structure itself.

[0025] This application sets different bulge heights on each spiral rib 128 of the multi-head spiral structure. Different bulge heights correspond to different vortex frequencies, characteristic dimensions, and strengths, which can interfere with the fluid formed by the previous spiral bulge, enhance the instability of the system, promote the radial interactive flow of the system, enhance the turbulence effect, suppress heavy phase sedimentation and wall adhesion, and reduce residual amount.

[0026] In one possible implementation, the multi-headed spiral can be a double-headed spiral, a triple-headed spiral, or a quadruple-headed spiral. The configuration can be flexibly adjusted according to the actual situation. Preferably, the inner wall of the first conveying pipe 127 is provided with two spiral ribs 128, which together form a double-headed spiral.

[0027] The conveying pipeline is a straight pipe, preferably a straight pipe. In one possible implementation, the conveying pipeline includes a constant-diameter section and a gradually expanding section. The constant-diameter section is circular, and the gradually expanding section is frustum-shaped. The thinner end of the frustum is coaxially and sealed to the circular pipe of the constant-diameter section, with a transition fillet at the connection for smooth connection. The end of the constant-diameter section opposite to the gradually expanding section is sealed to the output end of the mixing chamber 110, and the end of the gradually expanding section opposite to the constant-diameter section is sealed to the input end of the clarification chamber 120. The spiral ribs 128 include smoothly connected cylindrical spiral ribs 128 and frustum-shaped spiral ribs 128, both coaxial with the conveying pipeline and matched to their respective pipe sections (the cylindrical spiral ribs 128 are coaxial with and matched to the circular pipe; matching means that the radial outer wall of the spiral structure fits against the inner wall of the pipeline, and the frustum-shaped spiral ribs 128 are coaxial with and matched to the frustum-shaped pipe).

[0028] In one possible implementation, the clarification chamber 120 is provided with an observation window 121 to observe the stratification situation inside the clarification chamber 120. The bottom of the clarification chamber 120 is provided with a first discharge port 122, and the top is equipped with a telescopic pipe 123. The telescopic pipe 123 extends in the same direction as the direction of gravity. The telescopic adjustment operation point of the telescopic pipe 123 is located outside the clarification chamber 120. After the fluid in the clarification chamber 120 stratifies, the upper fluid is driven by the second driving device 124 and discharged from the clarification chamber 120 through the telescopic pipe 123.

[0029] In one possible implementation, as shown in the figure, the telescopic pipe 123 is a pneumatic telescopic pipe equipped with an air source device 125. The air source device 125 supplies air to the pneumatic telescopic pipe to adjust the telescopic range. Specifically, the telescopic pipe 123 includes a first telescopic pipe and a second telescopic pipe. A mounting hole is provided at the top of the clarification chamber 120. One end of the first telescopic pipe is located outside the clarification chamber 120, and the other end passes through the mounting hole into the clarification chamber 120. The first telescopic pipe is fixedly installed in the clarification chamber 120 (e.g., the first telescopic pipe is fixedly connected to the wall of the perforation hole, for example, by bonding or welding). The second telescopic pipe is movably sleeved inside the first telescopic pipe. A preset distance is provided between the outer wall of the second telescopic pipe and the inner wall of the first telescopic pipe, but one end of the second telescopic pipe has an annular protrusion on its outer wall. The outer wall of this annular protrusion matches the inner wall of the first telescopic pipe, achieving a well-sealed movable sleeve. The inner wall of the end of the first telescopic pipe located inside the clarification chamber 120 also has an annular protrusion, and the inner wall of this annular protrusion matches the outer wall of the second telescopic pipe, achieving a well-sealed movable sleeve. The end of the second telescopic tube opposite to its own annular protrusion extends through the end of the first telescopic tube located inside the clarification chamber 120, and extends towards the bottom of the clarification chamber 120. A limiting part 129 is provided inside the first telescopic tube. An air inlet and an air outlet are provided on the wall of the first telescopic tube. The air inlet is connected to an air source device 125, and the air outlet is connected to an air outlet pipe 126, which is equipped with a valve. The air outlet pipe 126 can be located outside the clarification chamber 120, as long as it can discharge gas and ensure operational safety; the end of the air outlet pipe 126 opposite to the air outlet can also extend through the side wall of the clarification chamber 120 to the outside of the clarification chamber 120. The air source device 125 is located outside the clarification chamber 120, or its end with an operating panel extends through the clarification chamber 120, or it is electrically connected to an operating terminal outside the clarification chamber 120 (this can be a wired connection or a wireless connection, as long as it can be operated outside the clarification chamber 120 and the corresponding actuator can receive control commands and execute relevant actions).

[0030] When it is necessary to retract the telescopic pipe 123, the valve is closed to shut off the air outlet pipe 126. The air source device 125 is operated, and the output end of the air source device 125 is sealed and connected to the air inlet, supplying air towards the air inlet. The gas fills the sealed air cavity formed by the first telescopic pipe and the second telescopic pipe, continuously supplying air without venting it. This acts on the annular protrusion at the end of the second telescopic pipe, pushing the second telescopic pipe away from the annular protrusion of the first telescopic pipe and away from the bottom of the clarification chamber 120. In other words, the second telescopic pipe moves upward continuously, and the opening at the end that protrudes from the first telescopic pipe continuously becomes higher, adapting to different interface heights.

[0031] When the telescopic pipe 123 needs to be extended, the gas source device 125 is shut off to stop the gas supply. The valve is opened to allow the gas to be discharged. The second telescopic pipe slides down under gravity until it is limited by the limiting part 129 or reaches the preset position. The valve is then closed to prevent gas from entering or leaving, thus locking the second telescopic pipe and adapting to different interface heights.

[0032] In one possible implementation, the protrusion height of the helical rib 128 is 1 / 20 to 1 / 10 of the inner diameter of the first conveying pipe 127. Preferably, the ratio of the pitch of the helical rib 128 to the inner diameter of the first conveying pipe 127 is 0.8 to 1.5. Preferably, the ratio of the protrusion height of the helical rib 128 to the inner diameter of the first conveying pipe 127 is 0.05 to 0.15. Preferably, along the axial direction of the multi-headed helical structure, the protrusion height of the helical rib 128 is 0.5 to 0.7 times the protrusion height of the previous helical rib 128.

[0033] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An extraction and separation device for a ternary leachate, characterized in that, The extraction and separation device for the ternary leachate is an N-stage series extraction device, comprising N extraction units connected in sequence. In the extraction unit, the mixing chamber output end and the clarification chamber input end are connected through a first conveying pipe. The fluid in the mixing chamber is driven by a first driving device and flows into the clarification chamber through the first conveying pipe. The inner wall of the first conveying pipe is provided with two or more spiral ribs. The spiral ribs are coaxial with the first conveying pipe. The two or more spiral ribs of the first conveying pipe form a multi-head spiral structure. The protrusion height of each spiral rib is constant. Along the axial direction of the multi-head spiral structure, the protrusion height of each spiral rib decreases.

2. The extraction and separation apparatus for ternary leachate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the first conveying pipe is provided with two spiral ribs, which together form a double-headed spiral.

3. The extraction and separation apparatus for ternary leachate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clarification chamber is equipped with an observation window to observe the stratification process inside the clarification chamber. The bottom of the clarification chamber is equipped with a first discharge port, and the top is equipped with a telescopic pipe. The telescopic pipe extends in the same direction as the direction of gravity. The telescopic pipe's extension and retraction adjustment point is located outside the clarification chamber. After the fluid in the clarification chamber stratifies, the upper layer fluid is driven by a second driving device and discharged from the clarification chamber through the telescopic pipe.

4. The extraction and separation apparatus for ternary leachate according to claim 3, characterized in that, The telescopic pipe is a pneumatic telescopic pipe, equipped with an air source device for supplying air to the pneumatic telescopic pipe to adjust the telescopic range.

5. The extraction and separation apparatus for ternary leachate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The height of the spiral rib is 1 / 20 to 1 / 10 of the inner diameter of the first conveying pipe.

6. The extraction and separation apparatus for ternary leachate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the pitch of the spiral rib to the inner diameter of the first conveying pipe is 0.8-1.

5.

7. The extraction and separation apparatus for ternary leachate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ratio of the height of the spiral rib to the inner diameter of the first conveying pipe is 0.05-0.

15.

8. The extraction and separation apparatus for ternary leachate according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the axial direction of the multi-headed helical structure, the protrusion height of the helical rib is 0.5-0.7 times that of the previous helical rib.

Images