A filter

Abstract

A filter comprises a housing, a filter screen assembly, a switching mechanism and a scraping and cleaning assembly mounted on the housing. The filter screen assembly forms a raw water cavity communicating with a blowdown port and a clean water cavity communicating with a water outlet. The switching mechanism is used to control the water inlet to communicate with the raw water cavity or the clean water cavity. The scraping and cleaning assembly is rotatably sleeved outside the filter screen assembly. When the water inlet communicates with the clean water cavity, the blowdown port is opened. The scraping and cleaning assembly is self-driven to rotate under the action of water flow, and the vertical surface outside the filter screen assembly is washed and cleaned. The dirt is discharged from the blowdown port, online backwashing is realized, the impurities attached to the surface of the filter screen assembly are effectively removed, the problem that the self-rotation dirt removal effect of the single filter screen assembly is poor is effectively solved, and the decline of the filtering efficiency caused by the long-term accumulation of dirt is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of filtration device technology, and in particular to a filter. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most water purification systems typically install a pre-filter upstream of the purifier to effectively intercept various large particulate impurities in the water, such as silt, rust, colloids, red worms, and other suspended solids, thus significantly reducing the workload of subsequent water purifiers. Existing pre-filters primarily rely on backwashing to drive the filter screen's rotation for cleaning. However, using a single filter screen for filtration leads to the accumulation of trapped contaminants over time, which become embedded in the mesh. Without effective cleaning and maintenance, these contaminants become deeply embedded, making thorough removal difficult even after disassembly and cleaning. Utility Model Content

[0003] This invention provides a filter to solve the problem that the filter screen in existing pre-filters has poor decontamination effect when it rotates under the drive of water backwashing.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0005] A filter comprising:

[0006] The casing is equipped with a water inlet, a water outlet, and a drain outlet;

[0007] The filter assembly is installed inside the housing and forms a raw water chamber that connects to the drain outlet and a clean water chamber that connects to the outlet. A plug is provided at the drain outlet for opening and closing the drain outlet.

[0008] A switching mechanism, located within the housing, is used to control the connection between the inlet and the raw water chamber or the purified water chamber; and,

[0009] The scraping assembly is located inside the housing and sleeved on the outside of the filter assembly. The inner wall of the scraping assembly abuts against the outer wall of the filter assembly, and one of the scraping assembly and the filter assembly is rotatably connected to the housing.

[0010] When the inlet is connected to the clean water chamber, the sealing component opens the drain outlet, and the scraping component rotates under the action of water flow, cleaning the outer surface of the filter assembly.

[0011] Furthermore, the scraping assembly includes a scraping body, the inner side of which is provided with a fitting space for accommodating the filter assembly, and the wall of the fitting space is provided with at least one scraping part arranged circumferentially along the scraping body.

[0012] Furthermore, the scraping section includes brushes arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the scraping body.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer side of the scraping body is provided with several transmission plates arranged circumferentially and at intervals along the scraping body. The transmission plates are provided with transmission inclined surfaces, which extend along the axial spiral direction of the scraping body. The water flow drives the scraping body to rotate and scrapes the filter screen assembly.

[0014] Furthermore, the side of the scraper body is provided with a water passage space that connects the original water chamber and the sleeve space.

[0015] Furthermore, the outer facade of the filter assembly is provided with a wedge-shaped filter gap that gradually increases in size from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the filter assembly. The flow accuracy can be controlled by changing and adjusting the filter gap, and a brush can be inserted into the filter gap to clean it.

[0016] Furthermore, a hydrophobic coating is provided on the surface of the filter gaps.

[0017] Furthermore, the switching mechanism includes a water channel support and a water channel switch. The water channel support is provided with a first water passage hole and a second water passage hole. The first water passage hole is connected to the raw water chamber, and the second water passage hole is connected to the clean water chamber. The water channel switch and the water channel support cooperate with each other. The water channel switch is connected to a driving component. The driving component drives the water channel switch to control the switching opening of the first water passage hole and the second water passage hole.

[0018] Furthermore, the waterway switch is equipped with a third water passage hole and a fourth water passage hole. By rotating the waterway switch, the first water passage hole and the third water passage hole can be aligned or staggered one by one, and the second water passage hole and the fourth water passage hole can be aligned or staggered one by one.

[0019] Furthermore, the waterway switch includes a first switch section and a second switch section. The second switch section has a cylindrical structure, and the first switch section has an annular structure surrounding the second switch section. The first switch section is provided with a plurality of first water passage holes distributed around its circumference, and the outer side of the second switch section is provided with a plurality of second water passage holes distributed around its circumference.

[0020] The waterway support includes a first support section and a second support section. The first support section is fitted with a first switch section, and the second support section is fitted with a second switch section. The first support section is provided with a plurality of third water passage holes distributed around its circumference, and the outer side of the second support section is provided with a plurality of fourth water passage holes distributed around its circumference.

[0021] Furthermore, the driving component is a shaft core connected to the water channel switch. The first end of the shaft core extends away from the drain outlet until it passes through the housing, and the second end of the shaft core extends close to the drain outlet until it is connected to the sealing component. When the shaft core is rotated to drive the water inlet to connect to the clean water chamber, the sealing component is simultaneously driven to open and close the drain outlet.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0023] 1. The present invention proposes a filter comprising a housing and a filter screen assembly, a switching mechanism, and a scraping assembly installed on the housing. The filter screen assembly housing forms a raw water chamber connected to a drain outlet and a clean water chamber connected to a water outlet. The switching mechanism is used to control the connection of the inlet to the raw water chamber or the clean water chamber. The scraping assembly is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the filter screen assembly. When the inlet is connected to the clean water chamber, the drain outlet is opened, and the scraping assembly is self-driven to rotate under the action of water flow, washing and cleaning the outer surface of the filter screen assembly. The dirt is discharged from the drain outlet, realizing online reverse flushing, effectively removing impurities attached to the surface of the filter screen assembly, effectively solving the problem of poor dirt removal effect of a single filter screen assembly, and avoiding long-term accumulation of dirt leading to a decrease in filtration efficiency.

[0024] 2. The filter proposed in this utility model has an inlet connected to a water purification chamber. When the water flow impacts the transmission plate on the outside of the scraping body, the scraping body drives the scraping part to perform circumferential cleaning on the outside of the filter screen assembly, thus avoiding the accumulation of dirt on the surface of the filter screen assembly for a long time, which would make cleaning difficult.

[0025] 3. The filter proposed in this utility model has a wedge-shaped filter gap on the outer side of the filter assembly that gradually increases in size from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the filter assembly. The flow accuracy can be controlled by changing and adjusting the filter gap. At the same time, a brush can be inserted into the filter gap to clean it, avoiding the problem that the gap cannot be cleaned when using a woven mesh filter assembly.

[0026] 4. The present invention proposes a filter in which a hydrophobic coating is provided on the surface of the filter gap. The hydrophobic coating has long-chain hydrophobic groups, high concentration of active silanol groups and epoxy groups and functionalized nano-silica particles. The silanol is chemically bonded to the hydroxyl groups on the stainless steel surface, and the siloxane and epoxy groups cross-link to form a three-dimensional network. The silica is covalently bonded to the siloxane network to improve wear resistance, thereby significantly reducing the surface energy of the filter and giving it easy-to-clean and anti-fouling properties. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a front view of a filter according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is an axial view of a filter according to the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3This is one of the exploded views of a filter according to this utility model;

[0031] Figure 4 This is the second exploded view of a filter according to the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the switching structure of a filter according to the present invention.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the rectifier component of a filter according to the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of a sealing component for a filter according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 This is a partial view of a filter screen assembly of a filter according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the water discharge of a filter according to the present invention;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the filtration state of a filter according to the present invention;

[0038] Figure 11 for Figure 10 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the wastewater discharge from a filter according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the backwashing state of a filter according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 14 for Figure 13 Enlarged view of section B in the middle.

[0042] In the diagram, 10 is the housing; 101 is the filter housing; 102 is the inlet / outlet head; 1021 is the inlet; 1022 is the outlet; 20 is the filter screen assembly; 201 is the flow gap; 30 is the raw water chamber; 40 is the purified water chamber; 50 is the sealing component; 501 is the spiral protrusion; 502 is the sealing part; 60 is the switching mechanism; 601 is the waterway support; 6011 is the first support part; 60111 is the first water passage hole; 6012 is the second support part; 60121 is the second water passage hole; 602 is the waterway switch; 6021 is the first switch part; 60211 is the third... Water passage hole; 6022, second switch section; 60221, fourth water passage hole; 70, scraping assembly; 701, scraping body; 7011, sleeve space; 702, brush; 703, transmission plate; 7031, transmission inclined surface; 704, water passage space; 80, driving component; 90, rectifier component; 901, guide channel; 902, water outlet hole; 1001, first retaining tooth; 1002, second retaining tooth; 110, fixing sleeve; 120, backwash filter screen; 130, drain seat; 1301, drain port; 140, support frame; 150, fixing seat. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The following is combined Figures 1-14 This utility model will be described in detail.

[0044] A filter comprising:

[0045] The housing 10 is provided with a water inlet 1021, a water outlet 1022 and a drain outlet 1301;

[0046] The filter assembly 20 is installed inside the housing 10 and forms a raw water chamber 30 that communicates with the drain outlet 1301 and a clean water chamber 40 that communicates with the outlet 1022. An inlet channel is provided between the inlet 1021 and the raw water chamber 30 to connect the two. A backwashing channel is provided between the inlet 1021 and the clean water chamber 40 to connect the two. A sealing element 50 for opening and closing the drain outlet 1301 is provided at the drain outlet 1301.

[0047] A switching mechanism 60, located within the housing 10, is used to control the connection of the inlet 1021 to the raw water chamber 30 or the purified water chamber 40; and,

[0048] A scraping assembly 70 is disposed inside the housing 10 and sleeved outside the filter screen 20. The inner sidewall of the scraping assembly 70 abuts against the outer sidewall of the filter screen assembly 20, and one of the scraping assembly 70 and the filter screen assembly 20 is rotatably connected to the housing 10. Specifically, in this embodiment, the filter screen assembly 20 is fixedly connected to the housing 10, and the scraping assembly 70 is rotatably connected to the housing 10.

[0049] When the inlet 1021 is connected to the raw water chamber 30, the sealing member 50 closes the drain outlet 1301, the scraping assembly 70 does not rotate, and clean water is discharged from the outlet 1022. When the inlet 1021 is connected to the clean water chamber 40, the sealing member 50 opens the drain outlet 1301, the scraping assembly 70 rotates under the action of water flow, and cleans the outer surface of the filter screen assembly 20. Dirt is discharged from the drain outlet 1301, realizing online backwashing, effectively removing impurities attached to the surface of the filter screen assembly 20, effectively solving the problem of poor dirt removal effect of a single filter screen assembly 20, and avoiding long-term accumulation of dirt leading to a decrease in filtration efficiency.

[0050] like Figure 4 As shown, the housing 10 specifically includes an inlet / outlet head 102 and a filter housing 101. The inlet / outlet head 102 is made of copper, but is not limited to this. It has an inlet 1021 and an outlet 1022, and the inlet 1021 and outlet 1022 are arranged opposite each other. The inlet / outlet head 102 is sealed to the upper end of the filter housing 101, and a drain port 1301 is provided at the lower end of the filter housing 101. Specifically, a drain seat 130 is provided at the lower end of the filter housing 101, and the drain seat 130 has a drain port 1301. A support frame 140 is provided inside the housing 10. The support frame 140 is connected to the drain seat 130. The filter screen assembly 20 is sleeved on the support frame 140, and a fixing seat 150 is provided at the end of the support frame 140 away from the drain seat 130, thereby fixing the filter screen assembly 20 to the support.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the scraping assembly 70 includes a scraping body 701. The inner side of the scraping body 701 is provided with a fitting space 7011 for accommodating the filter assembly 20. The wall surface of the fitting space 7011 is provided with a plurality of scraping parts arranged circumferentially along the scraping body 701. Each scraping part includes brushes 702 arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the scraping body 701. The brushes 702 abut against the outer surface of the filter assembly 20, and the brushes 702 clean the surface of the filter assembly 20. Multiple rows of brushes 702 can be arranged according to actual needs.

[0052] The outer side of the scraping body 701 is provided with transmission plates 703 arranged circumferentially and at intervals along the outer side of the scraping body 701. The transmission plates 703 are provided with transmission inclined surfaces 7031, which extend in a spiral direction along the axial direction of the scraping body 701. The transmission plates 703 are located in the raw water chamber 30. When the drain port 1301 is closed, the water in the raw water chamber 30 flows to the filter screen assembly 20 to form filtered water. When the drain port 1301 is open, the water flows through the transmission inclined surfaces 7031 and generates tangential force, driving the scraping body 701 to rotate, which drives the brush 702 to scrape the outer wall of the filter screen assembly 20, achieving efficient self-cleaning. The side of the scraping body 701 is also provided with a water passage space 704 connecting the raw water chamber 30 and the sleeve space 7011. The water passage space 704 allows some raw water to enter the sleeve space 7011, and after contacting the outer wall of the filter screen assembly 20, the brush 702 agitates and removes dirt.

[0053] like Figure 8 As shown, the outer surface of the filter assembly 20 has wedge-shaped filter gaps that gradually increase in size from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the filter assembly 20. The flow accuracy is controlled by changing and adjusting the filter gaps. The brush 702 can be inserted into the filter gaps to clean them, avoiding the problem of the woven mesh filter assembly 20 being unable to clean the gaps. Furthermore, the surface of the filter gaps is provided with a hydrophobic coating, which has long-chain hydrophobic groups, high concentrations of active silanol groups and epoxy groups, and functionalized nano-silica particles. The silanol is chemically bonded to the hydroxyl groups on the stainless steel surface, and the siloxane and epoxy groups cross-link to form a three-dimensional network. The silica is covalently bonded to the siloxane network to improve wear resistance, thereby significantly reducing the surface energy of the stainless steel filter and giving it easy-to-clean and anti-fouling properties. After curing, the hydrophobic coating forms a dense protective layer, effectively blocking the adhesion of colloids, organic matter, and microorganisms in the water. Combined with the periodic scraping by the brush 702, the cleaning cycle of the filter assembly 20 can be greatly extended, improving filtration stability and service life.

[0054] like Figure 5As shown, the switching mechanism 60 includes a water channel support 601 and a water channel switch 602. The water channel support 601 is coaxially arranged with the filter assembly 20 and has a first water passage 60111 and a second water passage 60121. The first water passage 60111 is connected to the raw water chamber 30, and the second water passage 60121 is connected to the clean water chamber 40. The water channel switch 602 cooperates with the water channel support 601. The water channel switch 602 is connected to a driving component 80. The driving component 80 drives the water channel switch 602 to control the switching of the first water passage 60111 and the second water passage 60121. The driving component 80 can be an electric push rod, a solenoid valve, or a motor. It works with the controller to automatically switch the position of the water channel switch 602 according to a preset time or differential pressure signal to realize the switching between filtration and backwashing conditions. The water channel switch 602 is provided with a third water passage hole 60211 and a fourth water passage hole 60221, and the water channel switch 602 rotates around the axis of the filter screen assembly 20. By rotating the water channel switch 602, the first water passage hole 60111 and the third water passage hole 60211 are aligned or staggered, and the second water passage hole 60121 and the fourth water passage hole 60221 are aligned or staggered.

[0055] Specifically, when the first water passage 60111 and the third water passage 60211 correspond one-to-one, the second water passage 60121 and the fourth water passage 60221 are staggered, thus opening the water inlet channel and closing the backwash channel. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown; when the first water passage 60111 and the third water passage 60211 are staggered, the second water passage 60121 and the fourth water passage 60221 are aligned, thus closing the water inlet channel and opening the backwash channel, as shown. Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, this allows for the switching of the water inlet channel and the backwash channel.

[0056] like Figure 5 As shown, the waterway switch 602 includes a first switch part 6021 and a second switch part 6022. The first switch part 6021 is located in the water inlet channel, and the second switch part 6022 is located in the backwash channel. A backwash filter screen 120 is provided on the water inlet side of the second switch part 6022. The second switch part 6022 has a cylindrical structure, and the first switch part 6021 has an annular structure around the second switch part 6022. The first switch part 6021 is provided with a plurality of first water passage holes 60111 distributed around its circumference, and the outer side of the second switch part 6022 is provided with a plurality of second water passage holes 60121 distributed around its circumference.

[0057] The waterway support 601 includes a first support portion 6011 and a second support portion 6012. The first support portion 6011 is fitted to the first switch portion 6021, and the second support portion 6012 is fitted to the second switch portion 6022. Therefore, the first support portion 6011 is a ring structure, and the second support portion 6012 is a cylindrical structure. The first support portion 6011 is provided with a plurality of third water passage holes 60211 distributed around its circumference, and the outer side of the second support portion 6012 is provided with a plurality of fourth water passage holes 60221 distributed around its circumference.

[0058] A rectifier 90 is provided on the water outlet side of the first support section 6011. A first switch section 6021 is located between the first support section 6011 and the rectifier 90. A second switch section 6022 is located on the water outlet side of the second support section 6012. The rectifier 90 is provided with multiple guide channels 901 distributed along the same direction of rotation. The guide channels 901 are inclined channels or spiral channels. The first end of the guide channel 901 corresponds one-to-one with the first water passage 60111. The second end of the guide channel 901 forms a water outlet 902 that can discharge water laterally. Thus, when the water inlet channel is opened, each water outlet 902 discharges water laterally and forms a rotating water flow that enters the raw water chamber 30. This continuously scours the surface of the filter screen assembly 20 through rotation, keeping the water flow in a turbulent state, making it less likely for dirt to accumulate on the surface of the filter screen assembly 20.

[0059] The driving component 80 is a shaft core connected to the water channel switch 602. The first end of the shaft core extends away from the drain outlet 1301 until it passes through the housing 10, and the second end extends near the drain outlet 1301 until it connects to the sealing component 50. This allows the shaft core to rotate, driving the inlet 1021 to connect to the clean water chamber 40, while simultaneously opening and closing the drain outlet 1301. Specifically, the inner ring of the water channel switch 602 has a first retaining tooth 1001, and the shaft core has multiple second retaining teeth 1002. The first retaining teeth 1001 and the second retaining teeth 1002 mesh with each other, and the shaft core drives the water channel switch 602 to rotate through the interaction between the first retaining teeth 1001 and the second retaining teeth 1002. In other embodiments, the sealing component 50 is pluggably fitted into the drain outlet 1301 to control the opening or closing of the drain outlet 1301 through a plugging and unplugging operation. In other embodiments, the drive unit 80 is electric and includes a motor and a transmission assembly. The motor is connected to the waterway switch 602 via the transmission assembly, and the transmission assembly can be a gear transmission assembly or the like.

[0060] The sealing component 50 is fitted onto the second end of the shaft core, allowing it to rotate with the shaft core and move axially relative to it. Figure 7The diagram shows that the sealing member 50 has a threaded protrusion 501 at least partially located on its outer side. The helical protrusion 501 is threadedly connected to the threaded recess of a fixed sleeve 110 fixed within the clean water chamber 40. The sealing member 50 has a sealing portion 502 for opening and closing the drain outlet 1301. In other embodiments, the sealing member 50 is fixed relative to the shaft core, causing the shaft core to drive the sealing member 50 to rotate and open or close the drain outlet 1301. That is, the drain outlet is eccentrically provided on the sealing member 50, and the opening or closing of the drain outlet 1301 is achieved by corresponding to or offset from it.

[0061] The filter proposed in this embodiment has two working states: filtration state and backwashing state, as detailed below:

[0062] During filtration, the sealing component 50 closes the drain outlet 1301. The third water passages 60211 of the water channel switch 602 correspond to the corresponding first water passages 60111 of the water channel support 601, and the fourth water passages 60221 of the water channel switch 602 are offset from the corresponding second water passages 60121 of the water channel support 601, thus opening the inlet channel while the backwash channel remains closed. At this time, water enters through the inlet 1021, flowing sequentially through the first water passages 60111 and the third water passages 60211 to the rectifier 90. The water then rotates through the guide channels of the rectifier 90 into the raw water chamber 30, and after being filtered by the filter assembly 20, enters the clean water chamber 40, finally exiting from the outlet 1022. Figures 9-11 As shown in the figure, the arrows indicate the direction of water flow. During this process, since the backwash channel is closed, the backwash filter 120 does not filter, but the water flow from the inlet 1021 will flush the surface of the backwash filter 120 downwards, which is equivalent to rinsing the backwash filter 120, thereby reducing the amount of dirt on the surface of the backwash filter 120.

[0063] During backwashing, the first end of the shaft is rotated, causing the water channel switch 602 to rotate. This causes the third water passage holes 60211 of the water channel switch 602 to be offset from the corresponding first water passage holes 60111 on the water channel support 601, and the fourth water passage holes 60221 of the water channel switch 602 to correspond to the corresponding second water passage holes 60121 on the water channel support 601. This closes the water inlet channel and opens the backwashing channel. When the shaft rotates, it also drives the sealing member 50 to rotate. At the same time, the sealing member 50 moves upward and opens the drain outlet 1301. At this time, water enters through inlet 1021. Since the inlet channel is closed, the water can only flow into the backwash channel and, after being filtered by the backwash filter screen 120, flows into the clean water chamber 40. The water flow acts on the transmission plate 703, causing the scraping assembly 70 to rotate self-driven, driving the brush 702 to clean the filter gaps. The detached dirt is discharged with the water flow through the open drain port 1301, realizing the backwashing of the filter screen assembly 20. Figures 12-14 As shown.

[0064] After rinsing the filter assembly 20, the shaft is rotated in the opposite direction, causing the water channel switch 602 to return to the state where the inlet channel is open and the backwash channel is closed. At the same time, the shaft drives the sealing component 50 to reset and close the drain outlet 1301. At this time, the filter returns to the filtration state.

[0065] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of this utility model, and are intended to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of this utility model and implement it. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and essence of this utility model should be covered within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A filter, characterized in that, include: The casing is equipped with a water inlet, a water outlet, and a drain outlet; A filter assembly is installed inside the housing and forms a raw water chamber communicating with the drain outlet and a clean water chamber communicating with the outlet. A sealing element for opening and closing the drain outlet is provided at the drain outlet. A switching mechanism is provided inside the housing and is used to control the water inlet to connect to the raw water chamber or the purified water chamber; as well as, A scraping assembly is disposed inside the housing and sleeved outside the filter assembly. The scraping assembly abuts against the outer wall of the filter assembly, and one of the scraping assembly and the filter assembly is rotatably connected to the housing. When the water inlet is connected to the water purification chamber, the sealing member opens the drain outlet, and the scraping assembly rotates under the action of water flow, cleaning the outer surface of the filter assembly.

2. A filter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The scraping assembly includes a scraping body, the inner side of which is provided with a fitting space for accommodating the filter assembly, and the wall of the fitting space is provided with at least one scraping part arranged circumferentially along the scraping body.

3. A filter as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The scraping section includes brushes arranged sequentially along the axial direction of the scraping body.

4. A filter as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The outer side of the scraping body is provided with a plurality of transmission plates arranged at intervals along the circumference of the scraping body. The transmission plates are provided with transmission inclined surfaces, which extend along the axial spiral direction of the scraping body. The water flow drives the scraping body to rotate and scrapes the filter assembly.

5. A filter as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The side of the scraping body is provided with a water passage space that connects the raw water cavity and the sleeve space.

6. A filter as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The outer facade of the filter assembly is provided with a wedge-shaped filter gap that gradually increases in size from the outside to the inside along the radial direction of the filter assembly. The flow accuracy is controlled by changing and adjusting the filter gap, and the brush can be inserted into the filter gap to clean it.

7. A filter as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The surface of the filter gap is provided with a hydrophobic coating.

8. A filter according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that, The switching mechanism includes a water channel support and a water channel switch. The water channel support is provided with a first water passage hole and a second water passage hole. The first water passage hole is connected to the raw water chamber, and the second water passage hole is connected to the purified water chamber. The water channel switch cooperates with the water channel support. The water channel switch is connected to a driving component. The driving component drives the water channel switch to control the switching opening of the first water passage hole and the second water passage hole.

9. A filter as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The waterway switch is provided with a third water passage hole and a fourth water passage hole. By rotating the waterway switch, the first water passage hole and the third water passage hole are aligned or staggered, and the second water passage hole and the fourth water passage hole are aligned or staggered.

10. A filter as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The waterway switch includes a first switch part and a second switch part. The second switch part has a cylindrical structure, and the first switch part has an annular structure around the second switch part. The first switch part is provided with a plurality of first water passage holes distributed around its circumference, and the outer side of the second switch part is provided with a plurality of second water passage holes distributed around its circumference. The waterway support includes a first support portion and a second support portion. The first support portion is fitted to the first switch portion, and the second support portion is fitted to the second switch portion. The first support portion is provided with a plurality of third water passage holes distributed around its circumference, and the outer side of the second support portion is provided with a plurality of fourth water passage holes distributed around its circumference.

11. A filter as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The driving component is a shaft core connected to the water channel switch. The first end of the shaft core extends away from the drain outlet until it passes through the housing, and the second end of the shaft core extends close to the drain outlet until it is connected to the sealing component. When the shaft core is rotated to drive the water inlet to connect to the clean water chamber, the sealing component is simultaneously driven to open and close the drain outlet.

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