A dust removal filter device with adjustable gradient air permeability

Abstract

The utility model relates to gas dust removal technical field, concretely relates to a gradient air permeation amount adjustable dust removal filter device, including dust removal cylinder, the outer wall of dust removal cylinder is equipped with the air inlet pipe, is equipped with adjustable dust removal mechanism in dust removal cylinder, adjustable dust removal mechanism includes fixed filter bag, movable filter bag and lift driving part, movable filter bag is located in fixed filter bag, and the both sides form a ring cavity, the upper and lower ends of movable filter bag are all open structure, and the upper end of movable filter bag is connected with the inner wall of fixed filter bag, the opening of movable filter bag upper end is the air outlet, aiming at the fast processing demand of big particle dust, movable filter bag is folded upwards and does not participate in filtration, only through the fixed filter bag of filter hole bigger filtration, ensure that gas air permeation amount is big, and the flow resistance is small, and promote dust removal rate, aiming at the high -efficient filtration demand of small particle dust, movable filter bag is unfolded downwards, and dust -laden gas is filtered after big particle by fixed filter bag, and then fine dust is intercepted by movable filter bag, realizes the grading filtration.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gas dust removal technology, specifically to a gradient air permeability adjustable dust removal and filtration device. Background Technology

[0002] In industrial production and environmental protection, dust collection and filtration devices are key equipment for controlling dust pollution and ensuring the production environment and air quality. Their core performance directly affects dust treatment efficiency and production continuity. However, current mainstream dust collection and filtration devices still face many technical bottlenecks in practical applications, making it difficult to meet the diverse needs under complex operating conditions. The main shortcomings are as follows: Firstly, the existing filter media structure is mostly fixed, and the filter pore size and filtration area cannot be dynamically adjusted according to the particle characteristics of the dust to be treated. When dealing with large dust particles that need to be processed quickly, if the filter pores of the fixed filter media are too small, it will lead to high gas flow resistance and insufficient air permeability, reducing the dust removal rate. When dealing with small dust particles to pursue filtration accuracy, if the filter pores of the filter media are too large, it will not be able to effectively trap fine dust, resulting in low filtration efficiency and difficulty in meeting emission requirements. Secondly, existing technologies mostly use single-stage filter media for filtration. Large and small dust particles adhere to the surface or interior of the filter media simultaneously, which not only easily causes filter pore blockage, leading to a sharp increase in filtration resistance and rapid decline in filtration performance, but also increases the difficulty of dust removal. Currently used dust removal methods, such as back-flushing and vibration cleaning, are difficult to accurately clean based on the adhesion characteristics of dust particles of different sizes. They either fail to completely remove the fine dust deep within the filter media or damage the filter media structure during the cleaning process, shortening the filter media's service life. At the same time, some devices lack effective dust collection and guidance structures, and the cleaned dust is easily re-raised, causing secondary pollution. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a gradient air permeability adjustable dust removal and filtration device.

[0004] To achieve this objective, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A gradient air permeability adjustable dust collection and filtration device includes a vertically arranged dust collection cylinder with an air inlet pipe on its outer wall. An adjustable dust collection mechanism is located inside the dust collection cylinder. The adjustable dust collection mechanism includes a fixed filter bag, a movable filter bag, and a lifting drive. The fixed filter bag is vertically arranged and its two ends are fixedly connected to the dust collection cylinder. The movable filter bag is located inside the fixed filter bag, forming an annular cavity between them. Both the upper and lower ends of the movable filter bag are open structures, and the upper end of the movable filter bag is connected to the inner wall of the fixed filter bag, thereby sealing the upper end of the annular cavity. The opening at the upper end of the movable filter bag is an air outlet, and the lower end of the fixed filter bag is a closed structure. The filter pores of the fixed filter bag are larger than those of the movable filter bag. The lifting drive is located inside the movable filter bag and is used to drive the movable filter bag to unfold downwards or fold upwards along the axial direction of the fixed filter bag.

[0005] To illustrate the specific structure of the lifting drive component, it includes a threaded rod, a threaded sleeve, and two limiting rods. The threaded rod is coaxially rotatably disposed inside the fixed filter bag. The two limiting rods are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the threaded rod, and each limiting rod is fixed inside the fixed filter bag and parallel to the threaded rod. The threaded sleeve is disposed on the threaded rod, and the two are threadedly engaged. A convex ring is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the threaded sleeve, and each limiting rod passes vertically through the convex ring. A rigid ring is fixedly provided at the bottom end of the movable filter bag, and the rigid ring is connected to the convex ring through several connecting rods arranged in a circular array.

[0006] To demonstrate how the threaded rod and the limiting rod are installed, a rigid base connected to the dust collector is fixedly provided at the lower end of the fixed filter bag, and an installation bracket is fixedly provided at the top of the dust collector. The upper end of the fixed filter bag is fixedly connected to the installation bracket. Ball bearings are embedded in both the rigid base and the installation bracket. The upper and lower ends of the threaded rod are respectively connected to two ball bearings, and the two ends of each limiting rod are fixedly connected to the installation bracket and the rigid base respectively.

[0007] To enable quick installation of the fixed filter bag, a connecting plate is fixedly provided at the bottom of the dust collector cylinder. The connecting plate has a coaxial insertion hole. The bottom of the rigid base is provided with an elastic buckle that engages with the insertion hole. An annular groove is formed inside the mounting bracket. The top of the fixed filter bag is formed with an annular flange that folds outward and embeds into the annular groove.

[0008] To collect and centrally process the dust falling into the annular cavity, the lower end of the fixed filter bag is equipped with a sling. The sling is wide at the bottom and gradually narrows upwards to form a truncated cone shape. The outer wall of the lower end of the threaded rod is smooth and fitted with a connecting plate. The connecting plate is fixedly connected to two limiting rods. The upper end of the sling is fixedly connected to the connecting plate, and the lower end of the sling is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed filter bag. Several dust discharge ports are opened on the outer wall of the lower end of the fixed filter bag, and each dust discharge port is close to the bottom of the sling. Each dust discharge port is covered with a sealing cloth, and the sealing cloth is quickly connected to the fixed filter bag by Velcro.

[0009] To improve the efficiency of dust separation, several air injection ports are provided at the connection between the upper end of the movable filter bag and the inner wall of the fixed filter bag, and each air injection port is provided with a one-way air valve at its upper end.

[0010] To facilitate the cleaning of dust discharged from the annular cavity, an annular baffle is coaxially formed at the lower end of the dust collector cylinder to fix the filter bag. The cavity above the annular baffle is an air chamber. The air inlet pipe is connected to the air chamber. The outer wall of the dust collector cylinder is provided with a dust extraction pipe that is connected to the air chamber.

[0011] To facilitate the cleaning of dust separated from the fixed filter bag, the cavity below the annular partition of the dust collector is a dust chamber, the lower end of the fixed filter bag is located in the dust chamber, and the outer wall of the lower end of the dust collector has several cleaning ports that communicate with the dust chamber.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: Firstly, this utility model, through an adjustable dust removal mechanism, breaks through the limitations of the fixed filter material structure in existing devices. Combined with a lifting drive component, it enables the unfolding and folding of the movable filter bag, allowing for flexible switching of filtration modes. For the rapid processing of large dust particles, the movable filter bag folds upwards and does not participate in filtration, with filtration only occurring through the fixed filter bag with larger pores. This ensures high gas permeability and low flow resistance, improving the dust removal rate. For the high-efficiency filtration of small dust particles, the movable filter bag unfolds downwards. The dust-laden gas is pre-filtered for large particles by the fixed filter bag, and then the movable filter bag traps the fine dust, achieving graded filtration. This gradient permeability adjustment capability allows a single device to adapt to different dust particle sizes without the need to replace filter material or equipment, significantly reducing operating costs and downtime losses. Secondly, this invention employs a dual-filter-bag tiered filtration system, trapping large dust particles on the outer wall of the fixed filter bags while allowing smaller particles to fall into the annular cavity between the two bags. This prevents blockage of the filter media pores at the source and slows down the rate of increase in filtration resistance. Simultaneously, the truncated conical cloth below the annular cavity effectively collects small dust particles. The high-pressure gas injected through the air inlet blows dust from the annular cavity towards the cloth and also blows dust off the outer wall of the fixed filter bags from the inside out. Combined with the annular baffle for collecting the blown-off dust and the directional extraction by the dust extraction pipe, this solves the problems of incomplete cleaning and easy damage to the filter media in existing dust removal methods. It also prevents secondary dust re-entrainment, extending the filter media's lifespan while ensuring effective dust removal. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments of this utility model will be briefly introduced below.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view along line AA; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of the area indicated by A1 in the diagram; Figure 5 for Figure 3 The enlarged view of the area indicated by A2 in the diagram; Figure 6 for Figure 3 The enlarged view of the area indicated in A3; Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure for fixing the filter bag; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lifting drive component.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Dust collector cylinder; 2. Inlet pipe; 3. Fixed filter bag; 4. Movable filter bag; 5. Annular cavity; 6. Outlet; 7. Threaded rod; 8. Threaded sleeve; 9. Limiting rod; 10. Convex ring; 11. Rigid ring; 12. Connecting rod; 13. Rigid base; 14. Mounting bracket; 15. Ball bearing; 16. Connecting plate; 17. Insertion hole; 18. Elastic buckle; 19. Annular groove; 20. Annular flange; 21. Cover cloth; 22. Connecting plate; 23. Dust discharge port; 24. Sealing cloth; 25. Air injection port; 26. One-way air valve; 27. Annular partition; 28. Air chamber; 29. ​​Dust extraction pipe; 30. Dust chamber; 31. Cleaning port. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solution of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0017] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are schematic diagrams, not actual images. They should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate the embodiments of this utility model, some parts in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product.

[0018] refer to Figures 1 to 3 The dust collection and filtration device with adjustable gradient air permeability shown includes a vertically arranged dust collection cylinder 1, an air inlet pipe 2 on the outer wall of the dust collection cylinder 1, and an adjustable dust collection mechanism inside the dust collection cylinder 1. The adjustable dust collection mechanism includes a fixed filter bag 3, a movable filter bag 4, and a lifting drive component. The fixed filter bag 3 is vertically arranged and its two ends are fixedly connected to the dust collection cylinder 1. The movable filter bag 4 is located inside the fixed filter bag 3, and the two form an annular cavity 5. The upper and lower ends of the movable filter bag 4 are open structures, and the upper end of the movable filter bag 4 is connected to the inner wall of the fixed filter bag 3, thereby sealing the upper end of the annular cavity 5. The opening at the upper end of the movable filter bag 4 is an air outlet 6, and the lower end of the fixed filter bag 3 is a closed structure. The filter holes of the fixed filter bag 3 are larger than the filter holes of the movable filter bag 4. The lifting drive component is located inside the movable filter bag 4 and is used to drive the movable filter bag 4 to unfold downward or fold upward along the axial direction of the fixed filter bag 3.

[0019] In actual operation, the adjustable dust removal mechanism is adjusted according to the current dust removal process. For example, if rapid dust removal is required and the dust particles are large, the movable filter bag 4 is folded upwards by the lifting drive. In this case, the movable filter bag 4 does not participate in filtration. When the gas carrying dust flows into the dust collector 1 through the inlet pipe 2, the gas passes from the outside to the inside through the fixed filter bag 3. During this process, the fixed filter bag 3 filters the dust carried by the gas, blocking it from the outside. The filtered clean gas then exits upwards through the outlet 6. If the dust particles are small and high-efficiency dust removal is required, the movable filter bag 4 is unfolded downwards by the lifting drive. In this case, the movable filter bag 4 is coaxial with the fixed filter bag 3. When the gas carrying dust flows into the dust collector 1 through the inlet pipe 2, the gas then exits from the outside to the inside through the outlet 6. The gas passes through a fixed filter bag 3 and a movable filter bag 4 in sequence. During this process, the dust carried by the gas undergoes graded filtration. Large dust particles are intercepted by the fixed filter bag 3 and adhere to its outer wall, while small dust particles are intercepted by the movable filter bag 4 and fall into the annular cavity 5. Finally, the clean gas is discharged upward through the outlet 6. In summary, the movable filter bag 4, which can be unfolded or folded, achieves a gradient change in the gas permeability during the dust removal process. When the movable filter bag 4 is folded upward, its volume gradually decreases and is eventually compressed into a flat shape. At this time, the gas is filtered only by the fixed filter bag 3, resulting in a large gas permeability, which can achieve rapid dust removal for larger dust particles. When the movable filter bag 4 is unfolded downward, the gas undergoes graded filtration through the fixed filter bag 3 and the movable filter bag 4, resulting in a reduced gas permeability, which can achieve efficient dust removal for smaller dust particles.

[0020] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 8 As shown, the lifting drive includes a threaded rod 7, a threaded sleeve 8, and two limiting rods 9. The threaded rod 7 is coaxially rotatably disposed inside the fixed filter bag 3. The two limiting rods 9 are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the threaded rod 7. Each limiting rod 9 is fixedly disposed inside the fixed filter bag 3 and is parallel to the threaded rod 7. The threaded sleeve 8 is disposed on the threaded rod 7 and the two are threadedly engaged. A convex ring 10 is fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the threaded sleeve 8. Each limiting rod 9 passes vertically through the convex ring 10. A rigid ring 11 is fixedly disposed at the bottom end of the movable filter bag 4. The rigid ring 11 is connected to the convex ring 10 through several connecting rods 12 arranged in a circular array.

[0021] In actual use, a motor (not shown in the figure) for driving the threaded rod 7 to rotate is installed at the bottom of the dust collector 1. When the threaded rod 7 rotates, the threaded sleeve 8 will drive the bottom of the movable filter bag 4 to rise and fall in the vertical direction through the limiting action of the two limiting rods 9. When the threaded sleeve 8 rises, the movable filter bag 4 folds upward and when the threaded sleeve 8 falls, the movable filter bag 4 unfolds downward.

[0022] refer to Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the lower end of the fixed filter bag 3 is fixedly provided with a rigid base 13 connected to the dust collector 1, and the top of the dust collector 1 is fixedly provided with an installation bracket 14. The upper end of the fixed filter bag 3 is fixedly connected to the installation bracket 14. Ball bearings 15 are embedded in both the rigid base 13 and the installation bracket 14. The upper and lower ends of the threaded rod 7 are respectively connected to two ball bearings 15. The two ends of each limiting rod 9 are respectively fixedly connected to the installation bracket 14 and the rigid base 13.

[0023] The lower end of the fixed filter bag 3 is fixedly connected to the dust collector 1 via a rigid base 13, and the upper end of the fixed filter bag 3 is fixedly connected to the dust collector 1 via a mounting bracket 14. The entire fixed filter bag 3 is connected to the dust collector 1 via the above two-point connection, so that the gas entering the dust collector 1 can fully contact the fixed filter bag 3.

[0024] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 6 As shown, a connecting plate 16 is fixedly provided at the bottom of the dust collector 1. An insertion hole 17 is coaxially provided in the connecting plate 16. An elastic buckle 18 that engages with the insertion hole 17 is provided at the bottom of the rigid base 13. An annular groove 19 is formed in the mounting bracket 14. An annular flange 20 that folds outward and is embedded in the annular groove 19 is formed at the top of the fixed filter bag 3.

[0025] When installing the fixed filter bag 3, the rigid base 13 and the connecting plate 16 are first fixed together by the snap-fit ​​of the elastic buckle 18 and the insertion hole 17. Then, the annular flange 20 is turned outward and embedded into the annular groove 19, thus achieving the quick installation of the fixed filter bag 3.

[0026] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the lower end of the fixed filter bag 3 is provided with a sling 21. The bottom of the sling 21 is wide and gradually narrows upward to form a truncated cone shape. The outer wall of the lower end of the threaded rod 7 is smooth and is fitted with a connecting plate 22. The connecting plate 22 is fixedly connected to two limiting rods 9. The upper end of the sling 21 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 22, and the lower end of the sling 21 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed filter bag 3. Several dust discharge ports 23 are opened on the outer wall of the lower end of the fixed filter bag 3. Each dust discharge port 23 is close to the bottom of the sling 21. Each dust discharge port 23 is covered with a sealing cloth 24, and the sealing cloth 24 is quickly connected to the fixed filter bag 3 by Velcro.

[0027] When the gas is being dusted, each sealing cloth 24 blocks the corresponding dust discharge port 23. At this time, the dust falling into the annular cavity 5 will eventually be caught by the cloth 21 and will not be discharged from the dust discharge port 23. When the dust is collected to a certain amount, the sealing cloth 24 can be opened and the dust falling into the cloth 21 can be taken out through the dust discharge port 23.

[0028] refer to Figure 4 As shown, the connection between the upper end of the movable filter bag 4 and the inner wall of the fixed filter bag 3 is provided with several air injection ports 25, and each air injection port 25 is provided with a one-way air valve 26 at its upper end.

[0029] After several dust removal cycles, the amount of filtered dust gradually increases. To prevent the dust from affecting the filtration and dust removal effect of the fixed filter bag 3 and the movable filter bag 4, the dust removal work can be stopped first. Then, high-pressure gas is injected into each air inlet 25 through the one-way air valve 26. After the high-pressure gas enters the annular cavity 5, it will not only blow the dust in the annular cavity 5 toward the cloth 21, but also blow the dust attached to the outer wall of the fixed filter bag 3 from the inside to the outside, thus preventing the dust from affecting the filtration and dust removal effect of the fixed filter bag 3 and the movable filter bag 4.

[0030] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, an annular partition 27 is coaxially formed at the lower end of the dust collector 1 to fix the filter bag 3. The cavity above the annular partition 27 of the dust collector 1 is the air chamber 28. The air inlet pipe 2 is connected to the air chamber 28. The outer wall of the dust collector 1 is provided with a dust extraction pipe 29 connected to the air chamber 28.

[0031] In actual use, both the air chamber 28 and the dust extraction pipe 29 are connected to electromagnetic one-way valves (not shown in the figure). During normal dust removal, the dust extraction pipe 29 is closed and the air inlet pipe is opened. The gas carrying dust will flow into the air chamber 28 inside the dust collector 1 through the air inlet pipe and will eventually be filtered by the adjustable dust removal mechanism. When cleaning the dust attached to the outer wall of the fixed filter bag 3, the air inlet pipe is closed and the dust extraction pipe 29 is opened. When the dust attached to the outer wall of the fixed filter bag 3 is blown down by the high-pressure gas flowing into the annular cavity 5, it will be received by the annular baffle 27. At this time, the dust in the air chamber 28 is extracted through the dust extraction pipe 29, thus cleaning the dust isolated in the air chamber 28.

[0032] refer to Figure 3 As shown, the cavity below the annular partition 27 of the dust collector 1 is the dust chamber 30. The lower end of the fixed filter bag 3 is located inside the dust chamber 30. Several cleaning ports 31 connected to the dust chamber 30 are opened on the outer wall of the lower end of the dust collector 1.

[0033] In actual operation, the operator can tear off the sealing cloth 24 attached to the outer wall of the fixed filter bag 3 through the cleaning port 31, and finally clean the dust in the cloth 21 through the dust discharge port 23.

[0034] This device regulates the state of the movable filter bag 4 through a lifting drive component, and combines the difference in filter pore size between the fixed filter bag 3 and the movable filter bag 4 to achieve graded dust removal with adjustable gradient air permeability. The specific process is as follows: When rapidly removing large dust particles, the lifting drive drives the movable filter bag 4 to fold upwards and not participate in filtration. The dust-laden gas enters the air chamber 28 of the dust collector 1 through the inlet pipe 2 and is filtered from the outside in only through the fixed filter bag 3 with larger filter holes. At this time, the gas permeability is large, the dust is blocked on the outer wall of the fixed filter bag 3, and the clean gas is discharged from the outlet 6 at the top of the movable filter bag 4. When efficiently removing small dust particles, the lifting drive drives the movable filter bag 4 to unfold downwards and be coaxial with the fixed filter bag 3. The dust-laden gas undergoes two-stage filtration through the fixed filter bag 3 and the movable filter bag 4 in sequence. At this time, the gas permeability is reduced, and the small dust particles fall into the annular cavity 5 between the two. The clean gas is also discharged from the outlet 6. The dust in the annular cavity 5 is collected by the truncated cone-shaped cloth 21. When the dust accumulates to a certain amount, the sealing cloth 24 that fixes the outer wall of the filter bag 3 can be torn off through the cleaning port 31 of the dust chamber 30, and the dust in the cloth 21 can be cleaned through the dust discharge port 23. At the same time, high-pressure gas can be injected into the annular cavity 5 through the air injection port 25. The high-pressure gas blows the dust in the annular cavity 5 toward the cloth 21 and blows the dust on the outer wall of the filter bag 3 from the inside to the outside. The blown-off dust is collected by the annular partition 27. The dust in the air chamber 28 can be extracted by closing the air inlet pipe 2 and opening the dust extraction pipe 29, thus achieving efficient dust removal.

[0035] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A gradient air permeability adjustable dust removal and filtration device, characterized in that, The dust collector includes a vertically arranged dust collection cylinder (1), with an air inlet pipe (2) on its outer wall. An adjustable dust collection mechanism is installed inside the dust collection cylinder (1). The adjustable dust collection mechanism includes a fixed filter bag (3), a movable filter bag (4), and a lifting drive. The fixed filter bag (3) is vertically arranged, and both ends are fixedly connected to the dust collection cylinder (1). The movable filter bag (4) is located inside the fixed filter bag (3), forming an annular cavity (5) between them. The movable filter bag (4) is positioned vertically. Both ends are open structures, and the upper end of the movable filter bag (4) is connected to the inner wall of the fixed filter bag (3), thereby sealing the upper end of the annular cavity (5). The opening at the upper end of the movable filter bag (4) is the air outlet (6), and the lower end of the fixed filter bag (3) is a closed structure. The filter holes of the fixed filter bag (3) are larger than the filter holes of the movable filter bag (4). The lifting drive is located inside the movable filter bag (4) and is used to drive the movable filter bag (4) to unfold downward or fold upward along the axial direction of the fixed filter bag (3).

2. The gradient air permeability adjustable dust removal and filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lifting drive component includes a threaded rod (7), a threaded sleeve (8), and two limiting rods (9). The threaded rod (7) is coaxially rotatably disposed inside the fixed filter bag (3). The two limiting rods (9) are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the threaded rod (7). Each limiting rod (9) is fixedly disposed inside the fixed filter bag (3) and is parallel to the threaded rod (7). The threaded sleeve (8) is disposed on the threaded rod (7) and the two are threadedly engaged. A convex ring (10) is fixedly disposed on the outer wall of the threaded sleeve (8). Each limiting rod (9) passes vertically through the convex ring (10). A rigid ring (11) is fixedly disposed at the bottom end of the movable filter bag (4). The rigid ring (11) is connected to the convex ring (10) through several connecting rods (12) arranged in a circular array.

3. The gradient air permeability adjustable dust removal and filtration device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower end of the fixed filter bag (3) is fixedly provided with a rigid base (13) connected to the dust collector (1). The top of the dust collector (1) is fixedly provided with an installation bracket (14). The upper end of the fixed filter bag (3) is fixedly connected to the installation bracket (14). Ball bearings (15) are embedded in both the rigid base (13) and the installation bracket (14). The upper and lower ends of the threaded rod (7) are respectively connected to two ball bearings (15). The two ends of each limiting rod (9) are respectively fixedly connected to the installation bracket (14) and the rigid base (13).

4. The gradient air permeability adjustable dust removal and filtration device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The bottom of the dust collector (1) is fixedly provided with a connecting plate (16), and the connecting plate (16) is coaxially provided with an insertion hole (17). The bottom of the rigid base (13) is provided with an elastic buckle (18) that engages with the insertion hole (17). The mounting bracket (14) is formed with a ring groove (19). The top of the fixed filter bag (3) is formed with an annular flange (20) that folds outward and is embedded in the annular groove (19).

5. The gradient air permeability adjustable dust removal and filtration device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The lower end of the fixed filter bag (3) is provided with a sling (21). The bottom of the sling (21) is wide and gradually narrows upward to form a truncated cone shape. The outer wall of the lower end of the threaded rod (7) is smooth and is fitted with a connecting plate (22). The connecting plate (22) is fixedly connected to two limiting rods (9). The upper end of the sling (21) is fixedly connected to the connecting plate (22), and the lower end of the sling (21) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the fixed filter bag (3). The lower end of the fixed filter bag (3) has several dust discharge ports (23), and each dust discharge port (23) is close to the bottom of the sling (21). Each dust discharge port (23) is covered with a sealing cloth (24), and the sealing cloth (24) and the fixed filter bag (3) are quickly connected by Velcro.

6. The gradient air permeability adjustable dust removal and filtration device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper end of the movable filter bag (4) is connected to the inner wall of the fixed filter bag (3) with several air inlets (25), and each air inlet (25) is provided with a one-way air valve (26) at its upper end.

7. The gradient air permeability adjustable dust removal and filtration device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The lower end of the dust collector (1) has a ring-shaped partition (27) that surrounds and fixes the filter bag (3). The cavity above the ring-shaped partition (27) of the dust collector (1) is an air chamber (28). The air inlet pipe (2) is connected to the air chamber (28). The outer wall of the dust collector (1) is provided with a dust extraction pipe (29) that is connected to the air chamber (28).

8. The gradient air permeability adjustable dust removal and filtration device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dust collector (1) has a cavity (30) located below the annular partition (27). The lower end of the fixed filter bag (3) is located inside the dust cavity (30). The outer wall of the lower end of the dust collector (1) has several cleaning ports (31) that are connected to the dust cavity (30).

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