Automatic control system for glass kiln

Abstract

The utility model relates to glass kiln automatic control system, and this system includes reaction tower, dust cleaning device, denitration device, waste heat boiler, T type shunt valve and controller, is equipped with porous sieve plate, vibrating motor and annular material spraying pipe in reaction tower, can carry out desulfurization reaction efficiently, the dust hopper of dust cleaning device realizes the shunt of material circulation and external discharge through T type shunt valve, denitration device is equipped with catalyst layer, ammonia spraying pipeline and temperature, pressure sensor, guarantees denitration effect, and controller electric connection each execution element and sensor, realizes whole process automation control, the utility model discloses the purpose is to solve the low degree of automation of existing glass kiln flue gas treatment system, and the unstable desulfurization and denitration efficiency, and the equipment is easy to block and is inconvenient to maintain, and the problem that material circulation and external discharge can not be accurately controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of glass equipment technology and relates to an automatic control system for glass kilns. Background Technology

[0002] During the glass production process, glass kilns generate high-temperature flue gas containing large amounts of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and sticky dust. Currently, mainstream flue gas treatment systems typically include core units such as desulfurization, dust removal, denitrification, and waste heat recovery. Flue gas purification is achieved through chemical reactions between absorbents and pollutants, physical filtration, and other methods, while simultaneously recovering waste heat resources from the flue gas, thus balancing environmental benefits and energy efficiency.

[0003] However, existing glass kiln flue gas treatment systems still suffer from several prominent problems in actual operation. Firstly, the level of automation is low, relying heavily on manual experience to adjust key parameters such as material conveying volume and diversion ratio. This makes it difficult to respond in real-time to dynamic changes in flue gas composition and flow rate, resulting in significant fluctuations in desulfurization and denitrification efficiency and an inability to consistently meet ultra-low emission requirements. Secondly, equipment blockage is frequent. The absorbent in the reaction tower easily breaks down into fine particles after reaction, falling to the bottom of the tower and causing pipeline congestion. Simultaneously, sticky dust easily caking on the surface of the denitrification catalyst, and material agglomeration frequently occurs in the ash hopper and diversion valve, severely affecting the continuous operation of the system. Thirdly, the control precision of material circulation and discharge is insufficient, making it impossible to accurately determine the active state of the circulating ash. This leads to waste of effective absorbent or accumulation of ineffective ash, increasing operating costs and further reducing treatment efficiency.

[0004] A search revealed several improved solutions for treating flue gas from glass kilns in the existing technology. For example, utility model patent CN218764628U describes a flue gas treatment system for glass kilns. This system utilizes a combination of desulfurization and deacidification devices, dust removal devices, and material circulation devices. It removes acidic gases and encapsulates sticky fly ash using an absorbent bed, mitigating downstream equipment blockage to some extent while simultaneously recovering waste heat. The advantage of this solution lies in optimizing the flue gas treatment process and reducing the risk of catalyst poisoning. However, its shortcomings include a lack of intelligent control mechanisms; the ratio of material circulation to discharge requires manual intervention and cannot be dynamically adjusted based on real-time operating conditions. Furthermore, it does not offer an effective solution for blockage caused by absorbent breakage within the reaction tower. Other solutions employ a single vibration-based unblocking method or a fixed-ratio diversion design. While these can solve localized problems in the short term, they still suffer from poor adaptability and low control precision, failing to fundamentally resolve the contradiction between system stability and efficiency.

[0005] A comprehensive analysis of existing technologies reveals that simply optimizing the process flow or improving local structures is insufficient to meet the high demands for automation, precision, and stability in glass kiln flue gas treatment. Therefore, this invention employs a comprehensive solution integrating intelligent control and structural optimization. By setting up multi-dimensional sensors to collect flue gas parameters and equipment status data in real time, and using a controller to dynamically adjust the diversion ratio, material conveying volume, and unblocking actions, while simultaneously optimizing the structural design of the reaction tower and denitrification device, a closed-loop system of monitoring, control, and protection is constructed. This solution overcomes the drawbacks of slow response in traditional manual control and effectively solves problems such as equipment blockage, unstable efficiency, and inconvenient maintenance through targeted anti-blocking design and precise material management. Ultimately, it achieves efficient, stable, and intelligent operation of glass kiln flue gas treatment, providing enterprises with technical support that is both environmentally friendly and economical. Utility Model Content

[0006] This utility model provides an automatic control system for glass kilns, which solves the technical problems of low automation, unstable desulfurization and denitrification efficiency, easy equipment blockage and inconvenient maintenance, and inability to accurately control material circulation and discharge in existing glass kiln flue gas treatment systems.

[0007] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is as follows: An automatic control system for a glass kiln includes a reaction tower, a dust removal device, a denitrification device, a waste heat boiler, a T-type diversion valve, and a controller. The reaction tower has an air inlet, a circulation return outlet, and a mixing device at its bottom. Two layers of porous sieves are located in the middle, with granular absorbent and a feed inlet between them. A vibrating motor is mounted on each porous sieve. An annular spray pipe is located at the top of the reaction tower, connected to an absorbent powder tank via a feed pipe. The reaction tower is connected to the dust removal device via an outlet pipe. The dust removal device has an ash hopper at its bottom, connected to a circulation branch and an external discharge branch via a T-type diversion valve. The circulation branch connects to the circulation return outlet. The denitrification device is connected to the top of the dust removal device and includes a placement box, a catalyst layer, an ammonia injection pipe, and temperature and pressure sensors. The denitrification device is connected to the waste heat boiler via a connecting pipe, and the waste heat boiler has an outlet. The controller is electrically connected to the vibrating motor, the T-type diversion valve, the temperature sensor, and the pressure sensor.

[0008] The principle and advantages of this scheme are as follows: The high-temperature flue gas generated by the glass furnace enters through the air inlet at the bottom of the reaction tower, where it initially contacts the granular absorbent between the two layers of porous sieve plates inside the tower. At the same time, the annular spray pipe at the top of the reaction tower draws powdered absorbent from the absorbent powder tank through the feed pipe and sprays it evenly into the flue gas, achieving thorough gas-solid mixing and efficiently completing the desulfurization reaction. The vibrating motor on the porous sieve plate prevents absorbent particles from clogging the sieve holes, and the bottom mixing device further ensures the uniformity of mixing between the flue gas and the absorbent, improving the desulfurization efficiency. The desulfurized flue gas enters the dust removal device through the outlet pipe. After removing dust from the flue gas, the dust falls into the ash hopper at the bottom of the dust removal device. Then, a T-type diversion valve diverts the dust in the ash hopper to a circulation branch or an external discharge branch. The circulation branch is connected to the circulation return port of the reaction tower, allowing reusable dust to participate in the desulfurization reaction again, realizing material recycling. The dust-removed flue gas continues to enter the denitrification device. Temperature and pressure sensors in the denitrification device monitor the reaction environment parameters in real time. The ammonia injection pipeline precisely injects ammonia according to the parameters, working with the catalyst layer to complete the denitrification reaction. Finally, the denitrified flue gas enters the waste heat boiler through the connecting pipe, recovers heat, and is discharged from the outlet. Throughout the process, the controller, as the core control unit, is electrically connected to the vibration motor, T-type diversion valve, temperature sensor, and pressure sensor, respectively, to collect operating data of each link in real time, dynamically adjust the working status of each actuator, and ensure fully automated operation.

[0009] Compared with existing technologies, this solution is significantly innovative. Existing technologies mostly rely on manual experience to adjust key parameters such as material conveying volume and diversion ratio, which is difficult to cope with dynamic changes in flue gas composition and flow rate, resulting in large fluctuations in desulfurization and denitrification efficiency and an inability to stably meet ultra-low emission requirements. In contrast, this solution integrates data from multiple sensors through a controller, which can adjust the equipment's operating status in real time according to actual working conditions. For example, when the sulfur dioxide concentration at the reaction tower outlet is high, the controller can quickly instruct the T-type diversion valve to reduce the external discharge ratio and increase the circulating ash conveying volume, while coordinating the annular spray pipe to increase the amount of powder absorbent sprayed, ensuring that the desulfurization efficiency is consistently up to standard, and completely solving the problems of lag and randomness in manual control. Regarding equipment anti-clogging and maintenance, existing technologies often suffer from absorbent breakage within the reaction tower, leading to pipe blockages and frequent dust agglomeration at the ash hopper and diversion valve. This necessitates frequent manual cleaning, resulting in high maintenance costs and disruption to continuous system operation. This solution uses a vibrating motor to prevent clogging of the porous sieve plate. Furthermore, it can be combined with an ash hopper vibrator and a pneumatic unclogging rod for the T-type diversion valve to form a multi-layered anti-clogging mechanism, significantly reducing the probability of clogging, minimizing manual maintenance frequency, and extending continuous equipment operation time. Compared to the single anti-clogging design of existing technologies, the anti-clogging effect is significantly improved, and maintenance efficiency is increased. Existing technologies cannot accurately determine the activity of circulating ash, leading to waste of effective absorbent or accumulation of ineffective ash. This solution can subsequently monitor the calcium hydroxide content in the circulating ash using an activity detection component. The system automatically increases the proportion of exhaust gas and replenishes fresh absorbent. Simultaneously, a shaftless screw conveyor dynamically adjusts the conveying volume based on the flue gas composition, achieving refined utilization of the absorbent. Compared to the fixed-ratio diversion technology of existing technologies, fresh absorbent consumption is reduced, significantly lowering operating costs. Furthermore, the controller can be expanded to switch between automatic and manual modes, meeting the needs of unmanned operation under normal conditions while allowing for flexible adjustment during equipment maintenance and fault handling. Compared to the single operating mode of existing technologies, the system's adaptability and reliability are greatly improved.

[0010] Furthermore, a level sensor is installed inside the ash hopper, which is electrically connected to the controller. When the ash level reaches the upper limit and the circulation device is at full load, the T-type diversion valve is controlled to increase the discharge ratio. When the ash level is below the lower limit, the discharge branch is closed. When the ash hopper level reaches the upper limit and the circulation device is running at full load, the controller promptly controls the T-type diversion valve to increase the discharge ratio, which can quickly discharge excess ash and prevent the ash hopper from overflowing and affecting the normal dust removal operation of the ash cleaning device. At the same time, it prevents pipeline blockage or equipment overload caused by excessive ash accumulation, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the system. When the ash level is below the lower limit, closing the discharge branch ensures a sufficient material supply to the circulation branch, preventing the concentration of absorbent in the reaction tower from decreasing due to insufficient circulating ash, which would affect the desulfurization efficiency. This achieves refined management of ash.

[0011] Furthermore, the circulation branch is equipped with an activity detection component, which is an online laser particle size analyzer or a near-infrared analyzer. The activity detection component is electrically connected to the controller. When the circulating ash contains... content At the same time, increase the discharge ratio and increase the amount of fresh absorbent added to the feed inlet. When the effective component content of the circulating ash is detected to be lower than the set threshold, such as... content When the ash discharges, the controller can immediately initiate coordinated control: on the one hand, it increases the proportion of ash discharged externally to quickly remove ineffective ash, preventing it from occupying the circulation channel and affecting the overall treatment efficiency, while also reducing the interference of ineffective ash on the reaction system; on the other hand, it simultaneously increases the amount of fresh absorbent fed into the feed inlet to promptly compensate for the lack of effective absorbent, ensuring that the total absorbent dosage and activity in the reaction tower are always maintained at the optimal level, guaranteeing the efficient and stable operation of the desulfurization reaction. This solves the problem of wasted effective absorbent or decreased treatment efficiency caused by the inability to accurately determine the state of circulating ash in traditional systems. It also improves the system's response speed to changes in operating conditions, achieves refined utilization of absorbent resources, reduces operating costs, and avoids the risk of pollutant emissions exceeding standards due to insufficient absorbent activity.

[0012] Furthermore, a vibrator is installed at the bottom of the ash hopper. The vibrator has a frequency of 100Hz and an amplitude of 0.5mm. The controller activates the vibrator every 5 minutes for 10 seconds. The vibration at this specific frequency and amplitude can quickly break up clumps formed by gravity compaction and moisture condensation in the ash material, preventing them from clogging the ash hopper outlet and subsequent pipelines, thus ensuring smooth ash conveying. Compared to continuous vibration, the intermittent start mode can clean up accumulated ash in a timely manner at critical points, significantly reducing the energy consumption and wear of the vibrator, and extending its service life. At the same time, this automated unclogging method requires no manual intervention, avoiding the safety hazards and inefficiencies associated with manual cleaning, and ensuring the coordinated and stable operation of the ash cleaning device with the subsequent diversion and circulation systems.

[0013] Furthermore, the T-type diverter valve is equipped with a pneumatic unblocking rod, and differential pressure sensors are installed on both sides of the T-type diverter valve. The differential pressure sensors are electrically connected to the controller. When a pressure difference is detected across the valve... When the pneumatic unblocking rod extends to clear the blockage, a design that uses a pneumatic unblocking rod installed inside the T-type diverter valve, with differential pressure sensors installed on both sides and electrically connected to the controller, triggers the unblocking action via a differential pressure signal. This design effectively addresses the critical problem of material agglomeration and blockage at the diverter valve. The differential pressure sensors can monitor pressure changes before and after the valve in real time, accurately detecting abnormal flow resistance caused by material accumulation. When the detected differential pressure exceeds a set threshold, such as... Upon activation, the controller immediately commands the pneumatic unblocking rod to extend, quickly breaking up material clumps within the valve and restoring smooth flow to the pipeline. Compared to traditional manual or periodic unblocking, this method not only responds promptly at the initial stage of potential blockage, preventing the blockage from expanding and causing system downtime, and ensuring the continuity and stability of material diversion, but also reduces unnecessary mechanical movements and lowers equipment wear.

[0014] Furthermore, the circulation branch is equipped with a shaftless screw conveyor, the surface of which is coated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant layer. The controller is electrically connected to the screw conveyor and adjusts the output based on the reaction tower outlet. The frequency of the concentration-regulating screw conveyor, with its shaftless structure, avoids the clogging problems caused by ash accumulation at the shaft end of traditional shafted conveyors, ensuring smooth circulation of ash. The tungsten carbide wear-resistant layer possesses extremely high hardness and wear resistance, effectively resisting the erosion and wear of circulating ash, extending the conveyor's service life, and reducing equipment maintenance and replacement costs. The controller, based on the dynamic adjustment mode of the reaction tower outlet concentration, can achieve precise matching of the circulating ash conveying volume. When the outlet pollutant concentration is high, the conveyor frequency is increased to increase the circulating ash supply and enhance the desulfurization effect; when the concentration meets the standard, the frequency is appropriately reduced to save energy, achieving on-demand conveying. This design not only solves the pain points of traditional conveying equipment being prone to clogging and having a short lifespan, but also allows material circulation to match the flue gas treatment needs in real time through intelligent control, ensuring the stability of treatment efficiency while optimizing the system's energy consumption and operating costs.

[0015] Furthermore, a discharge valve is installed at the bottom of the reaction tower. This discharge port is connected to the interior of the reaction tower. After long-term reaction, the absorbent inside the tower will produce some fine, unrecoverable particles, impurities, and potentially deposited agglomerated materials that cannot be recovered through circulation. If these substances accumulate at the bottom of the tower for a long time, they can easily cause blockages in the air inlet, mixing device, or circulation port, affecting the flue gas flow efficiency and material mixing effect. The bottom discharge valve can be opened periodically or according to the system operating status to quickly discharge the deposited impurities and unrecovered materials outside the tower, effectively avoiding pipeline congestion and equipment failure, and ensuring the uniformity of the internal flow field and the normal operation of each component. At the same time, this design simplifies the maintenance process of the reaction tower, allowing internal cleaning to be completed without disassembling the tower, reducing maintenance difficulty and downtime.

[0016] Furthermore, the outlet of the reaction tower is equipped with Concentration sensor, the The concentration sensor is electrically connected to the controller, which is configured to: when When the concentration is high, the circulating ash conveying rate is increased while the discharge rate is reduced. When the concentration sensor detects a high pollutant concentration at the reaction tower outlet, the controller immediately triggers a coordinated control mechanism: on the one hand, it increases the circulating ash conveying rate, allowing more still-active circulating ash to re-enter the reaction tower to participate in the pollutant reaction, rapidly enhancing desulfurization and other treatment capabilities, and promptly curbing the risk of exceeding pollutant emission standards; on the other hand, it reduces the discharge rate, preventing unnecessary discharge of effective circulating ash and ensuring a sufficient total amount of absorbent within the reaction system. This intelligent response method based on real-time concentration data completely changes the lag and blindness of traditional manual adjustments, accurately matching the dynamic needs of flue gas treatment. It ensures that pollutant emissions consistently meet standards while achieving efficient utilization of circulating ash resources, reducing the amount of fresh absorbent replenishment, and lowering operating costs.

[0017] Furthermore, the controller is equipped with an automatic mode and a manual mode switching module: in automatic mode, the mode is based on the reaction tower outlet... The system dynamically adjusts the diversion ratio based on concentration, ash hopper level, and circulating ash activity. In manual mode, the T-type diversion valve's diversion direction can be forcibly switched. In automatic mode, the controller dynamically adjusts the diversion ratio of the T-type diversion valve based on real-time monitoring data from multiple dimensions, including the reaction tower outlet concentration, ash hopper level, and circulating ash activity. This allows for precise adaptation to flue gas treatment conditions without manual intervention, ensuring stable desulfurization and denitrification efficiency and rational utilization of material resources, significantly reducing daily maintenance labor costs and operational errors. The manual mode provides a reliable control method for special scenarios. When the system needs to overhaul the circulation device, handle sudden faults, or perform specific process debugging, staff can use this mode to forcibly switch the diversion direction, for example, discharging all ash to the ash silo to avoid ineffective circulation or equipment damage, ensuring safe and smooth maintenance operations.

[0018] Furthermore, the waste heat boiler is equipped with a corrosion monitoring sensor, which is electrically connected to a controller. The controller is configured to adjust the ammonia injection rate of the denitrification device based on the corrosion monitoring data. The corrosion monitoring sensor can capture changes in the corrosion state of the heated surface of the waste heat boiler in real time, accurately reflecting the formation of corrosive substances in the flue gas. The generation of these substances is closely related to the ammonia injection rate during the denitrification process. When the sensor detects that the corrosion level is increasing, the controller can promptly reduce the ammonia injection rate to avoid the accumulation of corrosive substances due to excessive ammonia, thereby effectively slowing down the corrosion rate of the waste heat boiler, extending the service life of the equipment, and reducing maintenance costs and downtime risks. Conversely, when the corrosion level is within a safe range and the denitrification efficiency is not as expected, the ammonia injection rate can be appropriately increased to ensure efficient removal of nitrogen oxides. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the axial structure of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 1. Reaction tower; 2. Air inlet; 3. Circulation reflux inlet; 4. Mixing device; 5. Porous sieve plate; 6. Pressure sensor; 7. Feed replenishment port; 8. Annular spray pipe; 9. Feed pipe; 10. Air outlet pipe; 11. Ash removal device; 12. Denitrification device; 13. Placement box; 14. Temperature sensor; 15. Pressure sensor; 16. Connecting pipe; 17. Waste heat boiler; 18. Corrosion monitoring sensor; 19. Air outlet; 20. Controller; 21. Vibration motor; 22. Ash hopper; 23. T-type diversion valve; 24. Activity detection component; 25. Differential pressure sensor; 26. Circulation branch; 27. External discharge branch; 28. Discharge valve. 29. Concentration sensor; 30. Catalyst layer; 31. Ammonia injection pipeline; 32. Variable frequency motor; 33. Agitator; 34. Solenoid valve; 35. Nozzle; 36. Metering pump. Example 1 like Figure 1-2 As shown, the automatic control system of the glass kiln includes a reaction tower 1, a dust removal device 11, a denitrification device 12, a waste heat boiler 17, a T-type diversion valve 23, and a controller 20. The components are connected by pipes and circuits according to preset logic to form a complete closed-loop flue gas treatment system.

[0022] An air inlet 2 is located on the left side of the bottom of the reaction tower 1 to introduce high-temperature flue gas generated by the glass furnace. A circulation return inlet 3 is located on the right side of the bottom, connected to the circulation branch 26, to achieve the recycling of the absorbent. A mixing device 4 is installed in the center of the bottom, driven by a variable frequency stirring motor 32 with a stirring paddle 33, which can dynamically adjust the stirring speed according to the flue gas flow rate to ensure thorough mixing of the flue gas and absorbent. Two layers of porous sieve plates 5 are horizontally arranged in the middle of the reaction tower 1, with a sieve hole diameter of 8-12 mm. Granular absorbent, calcium hydroxide particles with a particle size of 2-5 mm, is filled between the two layers of porous sieve plates 5. A vibration motor 21 is installed below the porous sieve plates 5, with a vibration frequency adjustable in the range of 50-150 Hz, to prevent absorbent particles from clogging the sieve holes. A feed inlet 7 is located on the side wall of the reaction tower 1, corresponding to the position between the two layers of porous sieve plates 5, and is controlled by a solenoid valve 34 to replenish fresh absorbent. An annular spray pipe 8 is installed at the top of the reaction tower 1. 20 to 30 atomizing nozzles 35 are evenly distributed on the spray pipe. The annular spray pipe 8 is connected to the absorbent powder tank through a feed pipe 9. A metering pump 36 is installed on the feed pipe 9 to accurately control the amount of powder absorbent delivered.

[0023] The top of the reaction tower 1 is connected to the input end of the dust removal device 11 via the exhaust pipe 10. The dust removal device 11 is a pulse bag filter, and its bottom is equipped with a dust hopper 22. The inner wall of the dust hopper 22 is lined with wear-resistant ceramic plates to prevent the dust from abrading the equipment. The bottom outlet of the dust hopper 22 is connected to the input end of the T-type diversion valve 23. The two output ends of the T-type diversion valve 23 are connected to the circulation branch 26 and the external discharge branch 27, respectively. The end of the circulation branch 26 is connected to the circulation return port 3 of the reaction tower 1, and the external discharge branch 27 discharges the dust. A pneumatic unblocking rod is installed inside the T-type diversion valve 23. Differential pressure sensors 25 are installed on the pipes on both sides of the T-type diversion valve to monitor the pressure difference before and after the T-type diversion valve. An ultrasonic level sensor is installed inside the dust hopper 22 to monitor the material level in the dust hopper in real time.

[0024] A shaftless screw conveyor and an activity detection component 24 are sequentially installed on the circulation branch 26. The blades of the shaftless screw conveyor are coated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant layer, and the conveying capacity can be... Adjustable within the range; the activity detection component 24 employs an online near-infrared analyzer for real-time detection of circulating ash. The content of [unclear]. The bottom of the reaction tower 1 is also equipped with a discharge valve 28, which is connected to the inside of the reaction tower 1, and is used to periodically discharge the impurities and failed materials deposited in the tower.

[0025] The top of the dust removal device 11 is connected to the denitrification device 12 via a pipe. Inside the denitrification device 12, from left to right, are arranged a placement box 13, a catalyst layer 30, and an ammonia injection pipe 31. Different types of auxiliary purification materials can be placed in the placement box 13 as needed. The catalyst layer 30 uses a honeycomb denitrification catalyst. A flow control valve 37 is installed on the ammonia injection pipe 31 to adjust the ammonia injection rate. A temperature sensor 14 and a pressure sensor 15 are installed inside the denitrification device 12 to monitor the temperature and pressure parameters of the denitrification reaction, respectively.

[0026] The denitrification device 12 is connected to the input end of the waste heat boiler 17 via a connecting pipe 16. The waste heat boiler 17 adopts a water pipe structure, and its output end is equipped with an outlet 19 for discharging purified flue gas. Corrosion monitoring sensors 18 are installed on the heating surface pipes of the waste heat boiler 17 to monitor the corrosion status of the pipes in real time.

[0027] The controller 20 is a PLC controller, connected via data cables to the vibration motor 21, T-type diverter valve 23, temperature sensor 14, pressure sensor 6, pressure sensor 15, material level sensor, activity detection component 24, differential pressure sensor 25, metering pump 36, solenoid valve 34, shaftless screw conveyor, and flow control valve 37. The concentration sensor 29, corrosion monitoring sensor 18, and other devices are electrically connected to achieve data acquisition and equipment control. The controller 20 is equipped with an automatic mode and a manual mode switching module. In automatic mode, the system parameters can be dynamically adjusted according to the data collected by each sensor. In manual mode, the operating status of each device can be forcibly controlled through the control panel.

[0028] The workflow of this embodiment is as follows: Start-up phase: After the system starts up, the controller 20 enters the automatic mode by default. First, it controls the vibration motor 21 to start running for 5 seconds to clean the residual material on the porous screen plate 5; at the same time, it starts the mixing device 4 and adjusts the stirring speed to the initial set value of 80Hz.

[0029] Flue gas treatment stage: The high-temperature flue gas generated by the glass kiln enters the bottom of the reaction tower 1 through the air inlet 2. After being stirred by the mixing device 4, it flows upward and comes into full contact with the granular absorbent between the two layers of porous sieve plates 5, and a desulfurization reaction occurs. At the same time, the annular spray pipe 8 sprays powder absorbent through the atomizing nozzle 35 to further enhance the desulfurization effect. Concentration sensor 29 monitors the outlet of reaction tower 1 in real time. Concentration, when the concentration exceeds a set threshold, such as When the concentration is below the set threshold, the controller 20 instructs the metering pump 36 to increase the amount of powder absorbent delivered, while simultaneously increasing the frequency of the shaftless screw conveyor, increasing the amount of circulating ash delivered, and reducing the discharge ratio of the T-type diverter valve 23. When the concentration is below the set threshold, the amount of powder absorbent delivered and the amount of circulating ash delivered are reduced accordingly, and the discharge ratio is appropriately increased.

[0030] Dust removal and ash diversion stage: After the dust removal device 11 removes dust from the flue gas, the dust falls into the ash hopper 22. A level sensor monitors the ash hopper level in real time. When the level reaches the upper limit (e.g., 80% of the ash hopper volume) and the circulation device is at full load, the controller 20 controls the T-type diversion valve 23 to increase the external discharge ratio to 60%–80%. When the level is below the lower limit (e.g., 20% of the ash hopper volume), the external discharge branch 27 is closed. The activity detection component 24 monitors the circulating ash in real time. When the content of absorbent is below 30%, the controller 20 instructs the T-type diversion valve 23 to increase the discharge ratio, and simultaneously controls the solenoid valve of the feed inlet 7 to open, increasing the amount of fresh absorbent added. The differential pressure sensor 25 monitors the pressure difference before and after the T-type diversion valve 23 in real time. When the pressure difference is greater than 3 kPa, the controller 20 controls the pneumatic unblocking rod to extend and unblock the blockage. After unblocking, the pneumatic unblocking rod resets. In addition, the controller 20 controls the vibrator at the bottom of the ash hopper 22 to start once every 5 minutes for 10 seconds, with a vibration frequency of 100 Hz and an amplitude of 0.5 mm, to prevent ash from clumping and clogging.

[0031] Denitrification and Waste Heat Recovery Stage: After dust removal, the flue gas enters the denitrification unit 12. Temperature sensor 14 and pressure sensor 15 transmit monitoring data to controller 20. Controller 20 adjusts the flow control valve of ammonia injection pipeline 31 according to the flue gas temperature and pressure to ensure efficient denitrification reaction. The purified flue gas enters the waste heat boiler 17 for waste heat recovery. Corrosion monitoring sensor 18 monitors the corrosion status of waste heat boiler 17 in real time. Controller 20 dynamically adjusts the ammonia injection rate of ammonia injection pipeline 31 based on the corrosion monitoring data to prevent excessive ammonia from aggravating corrosion. Finally, the purified flue gas is discharged from the outlet 19 of waste heat boiler 17.

[0032] Maintenance phase: Periodically open the discharge valve 28 at the bottom of reaction tower 1 to discharge the impurities and failed materials deposited in the tower; when the system needs to be repaired or debugged, the controller 20 can be switched to manual mode to forcibly control the diversion direction of the T-type diversion valve 23 to ensure the safe conduct of maintenance operations.

[0033] Example 2 The difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is as follows: The dust removal device 11 uses an electrostatic precipitator, which is more suitable for handling high-concentration sticky dust compared to a pulse-jet bag filter; the activity detection component 24 uses an online laser particle size analyzer to indirectly determine the activity state by detecting the particle size distribution of the circulating ash. When the average particle size is less than 50 μm, it is determined to be insufficiently active, and the controller 20 executes operations to increase the discharge ratio and replenish fresh absorbent; the catalyst layer 30 of the denitrification device 12 uses a plate-type denitrification catalyst, which has better anti-clogging performance and is suitable for operating conditions with high dust content in the flue gas. The remaining structure and working process are consistent with Example 1 and can be flexibly selected according to actual flue gas treatment needs.

[0034] The above are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known structures and characteristics are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are aware of all existing technologies in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, based on the guidance provided in this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of this utility model. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. An automatic control system for a glass furnace, characterized in that, The system includes a reaction tower, a dust removal device, a denitrification device, a waste heat boiler, a T-type diversion valve, and a controller. The reaction tower has an air inlet, a circulation return outlet, and a mixing device at its bottom. Two layers of porous sieves are located in the middle, with granular absorbent and a feed inlet between them. A vibrating motor is mounted on each porous sieve. An annular spray pipe is located at the top of the reaction tower, connected to an absorbent powder tank via a feed pipe. The reaction tower is connected to the dust removal device via an outlet pipe. The dust removal device has an ash hopper at its bottom, connected to a circulation branch and an external discharge branch via a T-type diversion valve. The circulation branch connects to the circulation return outlet. The denitrification device is connected to the top of the dust removal device and includes a placement box, a catalyst layer, an ammonia injection pipe, and temperature and pressure sensors. The denitrification device is connected to the waste heat boiler via a connecting pipe, and the waste heat boiler has an air outlet. The controller is electrically connected to the vibrating motor, the T-type diversion valve, the temperature sensor, and the pressure sensor.

2. The automatic control system for glass furnaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ash hopper is equipped with a material level sensor, which is electrically connected to the controller. When the material level reaches the upper limit and the cycle is at full load, the T-type diversion valve is controlled to increase the discharge ratio; when the material level is lower than the lower limit, the discharge branch is closed.

3. The automatic control system for glass furnaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, An activity detection component, such as an online laser particle size analyzer or a near-infrared analyzer, is installed on the circulation branch. This activity detection component is electrically connected to the controller. When the circulating ash... content At the same time, increase the proportion of external discharge and increase the amount of fresh absorbent added to the feed inlet.

4. The automatic control system for glass furnaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vibrator is installed at the bottom of the ash hopper. The vibrator has a frequency of 100Hz and an amplitude of 0.5mm. The controller controls the vibrator to start once every 5 minutes and last for 10 seconds.

5. The automatic control system for glass furnaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The T-type diverter valve is equipped with a pneumatic unblocking rod inside, and differential pressure sensors are installed on both sides of the T-type diverter valve. The differential pressure sensors are electrically connected to the controller. When a pressure difference is detected across the valve... At that time, the pneumatic unblocking rod extends to clear the blockage.

6. The automatic control system for glass furnaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circulating branch is equipped with a shaftless screw conveyor. The surface of the screw conveyor blades is coated with a tungsten carbide wear-resistant layer. The controller is electrically connected to the screw conveyor and operates according to the reaction tower outlet. Concentration adjustment screw conveyor frequency.

7. The automatic control system for glass furnaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the reaction tower is equipped with a discharge valve, which is connected to the interior of the reaction tower.

8. The automatic control system for glass furnaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reaction tower outlet is equipped with Concentration sensor, the The concentration sensor is electrically connected to the controller, which is configured to: when When the concentration is too high, increase the circulating ash conveying volume and reduce the discharge volume.

9. The automatic control system for glass furnaces according to claim 1, characterized in that, The controller is equipped with an automatic mode and a manual mode switching module: in automatic mode, it switches according to the reaction tower outlet. The concentration, ash hopper level, and circulating ash activity can be dynamically adjusted to adjust the diversion ratio; in manual mode, the diversion direction of the T-type diversion valve can be forcibly switched.

10. The automatic control system for a glass furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, The waste heat boiler is equipped with a corrosion monitoring sensor, which is electrically connected to a controller. The controller is configured to adjust the ammonia injection rate of the denitrification device based on the corrosion monitoring data.

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