A novel bubble-cap gas-liquid distributor

Abstract

The utility model provides a novel bubble cap type gas -liquid distributor relates to gas -liquid distributor technical field, including distribution main part and cover, the top annular array of distribution main part has distribution hole, the top of distribution main part is close to the outside circle part of distribution hole and is all set up with ring groove, the inside of ring groove is all annular array has the bayonet, the top of ring groove is connected with the pipe cover, the bottom annular array of pipe cover has the clamping block, the clamping block and the bayonet are mutually adapted, in view of the defect that the operation elasticity of prior art is small, the utility model discloses the structure design of automatic lifting and side setting slot gradual exposure under the automatic lifting of cover in gas pressure drive, makes the flow area with the real-time sustained change of gas volume, realizes reliable sealing and prevents the liquid leakage by physical shielding and distribution hole when low load, opens the big flux passage automatically when high load, effectively avoids the liquid flooding.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of gas-liquid distributor technology, and in particular to a novel bubble-type gas-liquid distributor. Background Technology

[0002] With the evolution of petrochemical, coal chemical, and natural gas purification industries, as well as the development of large towers towards ultra-large diameters (Φ8m~Φ18m), wide-load variable operating conditions (requiring operational flexibility of 8:1 or even 10:1 or higher), and long-term continuous operation, stringent requirements have been placed on the uniformity of gas-liquid distribution, leakage prevention, flooding resistance, and ease of maintenance of gas-liquid distributors within the towers. Bubble-cap gas-liquid distributors, due to their simple structure, stable operation, and low mist entrainment, are widely used in core units such as distillation towers, absorption towers, and scrubbing towers, and are currently one of the most mainstream gas-liquid distribution elements in industrial towers.

[0003] However, existing conventional fixed blister distributor technology still faces the following key technical challenges in meeting the above-mentioned stringent requirements: 1. Limited operational flexibility, making it difficult to handle both high and low loads. Traditional bubble cap systems have fixed gas rise channels and slot areas. When the gas volume drops significantly, tray leakage is very likely to occur, leading to the disappearance of the liquid layer on the lower tray, gas-liquid short circuit, or even complete tower shutdown. Conversely, when the gas volume increases dramatically, it quickly reaches the flooding point, limiting the processing capacity. The actual operational flexibility is usually only 2:1 to 3:1, which is far from meeting the requirements of modern plants with frequent start-ups and shutdowns and drastic load fluctuations.

[0004] 2. Inspection and maintenance are extremely difficult. Existing bubble caps are mostly fixed to the trays by welding or riveting. Once scaling, corrosion or mechanical damage occurs, replacing a single bubble cap requires gas cutting, grinding and welding. Hot work inside the tower is risky, time-consuming and expensive. Replacing hundreds of bubble caps on one floor often leads to the shutdown of the unit for several weeks, which seriously affects the company's economic benefits and long-term operation goals.

[0005] Therefore, a new type of bubble-type gas-liquid distributor is needed to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a novel bubble-type gas-liquid distributor.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a novel bubble-type gas-liquid distributor, comprising a distribution body and a cover, wherein the top of the distribution body has a ring array of distribution holes, and the outer ring portion of the top of the distribution body near the distribution holes is provided with ring grooves, wherein the interior of the ring grooves is provided with a ring array of slots, a tube sleeve is engaged at the top of the ring grooves, and a locking block is provided at the bottom of the tube sleeve, wherein the locking block and the locking block are mutually compatible, and built-in sliding openings are provided on both sides, as well as on the front and back sides of the tube sleeve, wherein a cover is installed inside the tube sleeve.

[0008] Preferably, the outer sides, front and back of the cover are provided with openings, and the inner side of the cover is provided with a frame groove near the periphery of the opening. A panel is snapped into the front of the frame groove, and limiting bolts are provided at the top and bottom of both sides of the panel.

[0009] Preferably, bolt holes are provided at the top and bottom of both sides of the frame groove, and the limiting bolt and the bolt holes are engaged with each other.

[0010] Preferably, a lifting slider is welded to the front of the panel, the lifting slider passes through the opening of the cover, and the lifting slider is protruding.

[0011] Preferably, the lifting slider and the sleeve are slidably connected by a built-in sliding port.

[0012] Preferably, the outer annular array of the cover has side slots, and the shape of the side slots is an inverted long trapezoid, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

[0013] Preferably, the top of the cover is threaded with a cap.

[0014] Beneficial effects 1. In view of the shortcomings of the limited operational flexibility of the existing technology, this utility model adopts the automatic lifting and lowering of the cover driven by gas pressure and the gradual exposure of the side slots, so that the flow area can change continuously in real time with the gas volume. At low load, reliable sealing and leakage prevention are achieved by physical shielding and distribution holes. At high load, the large flow channel is automatically opened to effectively avoid flooding, thereby significantly expanding the operational flexibility of the device and completely solving the industry problem that traditional fixed blister packs cannot handle both high and low loads.

[0015] 2. To address the shortcomings of existing technologies in terms of difficult maintenance, this utility model adopts a cap threaded connection combined with a four-way quick-plug plate-lifting slider snap-fit ​​structure. During disassembly and assembly, only the cap needs to be unscrewed and the plates removed in sequence to completely remove the entire blister pack assembly. The entire process requires no welding, no open flame, and no special tools. A single person can quickly complete the replacement of a single blister pack or the batch replacement of the entire layer of blister packs. Maintenance time and downtime losses are greatly reduced, significantly improving the long-cycle operation capability and maintenance convenience of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a complete structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a diagram of the main structure of the present invention. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled cover of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the cover of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a bottom structural diagram of the sleeve of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cover structure of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a diagram of the internal structure of the cover of this utility model; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting slider structure of this utility model.

[0017] Legend: 1. Distribution body; 2. Tube sleeve; 3. Cover; 4. Head cap; 5. Distribution hole; 6. Ring groove; 7. Bayonet; 8. Side slot; 9. Lifting slider; 10. Internal sliding port; 11. Locking block; 12. Frame groove; 13. Bolt hole; 14. Opening; 15. Panel; 16. Limiting bolt. Detailed Implementation

[0018] To make the technical means, creative features, and achieved objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model is further described below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings. However, the following embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model and not all of them. Other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments described in the implementation plan without creative effort are all within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0019] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Specific Implementation Example 1: Reference Figure 1-8 A novel bubble-type gas-liquid distributor includes a distribution body 1 and a sleeve 3. The top of the distribution body 1 has a ring array of distribution holes 5. The outer ring of the top of the distribution body 1 near the distribution holes 5 is provided with ring grooves 6. The inside of the ring grooves 6 is provided with a ring array of slots 7. The top of the ring grooves 6 is engaged with a tube sleeve 2. The bottom of the tube sleeve 2 is provided with a ring array of locking blocks 11. The locking blocks 11 and the slots 7 are mutually compatible. The tube sleeve 2 has built-in sliding ports 10 on both sides, front and back. The sleeve 3 is installed inside the tube sleeve 2.

[0021] The cover 3 has openings 14 on both sides, front and back. Inside the cover 3, near the periphery of the openings 14, there is a frame groove 12. The front of the frame groove 12 is fitted with a panel 15. The top and bottom of both sides of the panel 15 are provided with limiting bolts 16.

[0022] Bolt holes 13 are provided at the top and bottom of both sides of the frame groove 12, and the limiting bolt 16 and the bolt holes 13 are engaged with each other.

[0023] A lifting slider 9 is welded to the front of the panel 15. The lifting slider 9 passes through the opening 14 of the cover 3 and is protruding.

[0024] The lifting slider 9 and the inner sliding port 10 of the sleeve 2 are slidably connected. After unscrewing the head cap 4, the lifting slider 9 can be installed in the sleeve 3, allowing the entire sleeve 3 to rise and fall within the sleeve 2. To remove the sleeve 3, the head cap 4 is opened, and then the lifting sliders 9 in all four directions are pried off in sequence. The lifting slider 9 and the insert plate 15 are integrated; to remove the lifting slider 9, simply pry off the insert plate 15. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, it should be noted that the lifting slider 9 and the opening 14 are perfectly aligned, and the gap between the lifting slider 9 and the wall of the opening 14 is very small when the lifting slider 9 extends out of the opening 14. At the same time, the built-in sliding port 10 limits the sliding distance of the lifting slider 9, so that the entire cover assembly 3 will rise and fall within a reasonable distance.

[0025] The outer annular array of the cover 3 has side slots 8, which are in the shape of an inverted long trapezoid, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom. The top of the cover 3 is threaded with a cap 4. Specific Implementation Example 2: Reference Figure 1-8 Gas enters the sleeve 2 from below the tray through the rising gas channel in the center of the distribution body 1, while liquid forms a certain liquid layer on the tray, covering the top of the distribution body 1. When the gas flow rate is low, the gas pressure is insufficient to lift the sleeve 3 as a whole. At this time, the sleeve 3 is at its lowest position under its own weight, and the lower part of the sleeve 3 completely covers the outer wall of the sleeve 2. The side slots 8 are completely or mostly blocked by the upper edge of the sleeve 2. The gas can only overflow directly from the distribution hole 5 at the top of the distribution body 1 into the liquid layer above. The gas-liquid contact area is small, the flow capacity is at its lowest, the system pressure drop is minimal, and leakage under low load can be effectively prevented.

[0027] As the gas load increases, gas gradually accumulates within the sleeve 2, generating an upward lifting force. This lifting force acts directly on the entire casing 3, which is tightly connected to the cap 4 via threads, through the enclosed space between the top of the sleeve 2 and the lower surface of the cap 4. When the gas thrust exceeds the total weight of the casing 3 (including the cap 4) and the downward pressure of the liquid layer on the casing 3, the casing 3 begins to slide upward along the outer wall of the sleeve 2. The sliding process is precisely guided by the four-way lifting slider 9 within the sliding port 10 inside the sleeve 2, ensuring that the casing 3 remains coaxial, does not tilt, and does not jam during the lifting process. Because the lifting slider 9 fits tightly with the opening 14, and there is almost no gap between the extended part of the slider and the edge of the opening 14, gas cannot leak from there and can only overflow from the gradually exposed side slot 8.

[0028] The side slot 8 adopts an inverted trapezoidal design that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom. As the height of the cover 3 increases, the wider slot at the bottom is gradually exposed, and the gas channel area increases rapidly and non-linearly, thereby realizing the automatic, continuous, and controllable amplification of the flow capacity with the gas volume. At the same time, since the gas is ejected horizontally or slightly downward tangentially from the lower part of the cover 3, the gas velocity is high and the direction is horizontal, which has a strong ability to shear the liquid layer and drive the liquid to flow laterally. This significantly improves the gas-liquid contact efficiency and enhances the lateral mixing of the liquid on the tray, thus improving the problem of uneven radial distribution in large-diameter towers.

[0029] When the gas load reaches its maximum, the cover 3 is lifted to the highest position. At this time, the upper end of the lifting slider 9 abuts against the top of the built-in sliding port 10 to achieve mechanical limiting. The side slot 8 is almost completely exposed, with the maximum flow area, allowing extremely high gas passage capacity, while still maintaining good anti-flooding performance.

[0030] When the gas volume decreases, the gas lifting force decreases, and the sleeve 3 automatically falls under its own weight and liquid pressure. The side slot 8 is gradually blocked by the sleeve 2 again, and the flow area decreases accordingly until it returns to the low load state, realizing adaptive adjustment in the entire working range without any external power or control system.

[0031] When inspecting or replacing the cover 3, simply unscrew the cap 4 and then snap off the insert 15 with the limit plug 16 from four directions in sequence (the insert 15 is welded to the lifting slider 9 as one piece). This will allow the lifting slider 9 to disengage from the internal sliding port 10, and then the entire cover 3 can be directly removed from the top of the sleeve 2. During installation, the operation is carried out in the reverse order. The entire process does not require welding or open flame inside the tower. A single person can complete the disassembly and assembly of a single bubble cover in a few minutes, which greatly reduces the downtime for tower maintenance.

[0032] This structure, through a purely mechanical design with an overall liftable cover 3 and trapezoidal side slots 8 for progressive exposure, achieves full-range adaptive gas-liquid distribution from extremely low load leakage prevention to extremely high load and high flow rate, while also having the significant advantage of being extremely convenient for installation and maintenance.

[0033] In summary: 1. This novel bubble cap gas-liquid distributor achieves automatic, non-linear, and continuous expansion of the flow area with gas volume through the overall controllable lifting and lowering of the sleeve 3 driven by gas pressure, and the progressive exposure design of the inverted trapezoidal shape with a narrow upper part and a wide lower part of the side slot 8. Under extremely low load, reliable leakage prevention is achieved by relying on the distribution hole 5 and the lower part of the sleeve for sealing. Under high load, the side slot 8 is fully open to provide a large throughput. At the same time, the horizontal high-speed gas ejection significantly enhances the liquid layer shearing and lateral mixing, completely solving the industry problems of low operational flexibility, easy leakage, easy flooding, and uneven distribution of traditional fixed bubble cap distributors. At the same time, the four-way quick-disassembly lifting slider 9 + insert plate 15 snap-fit ​​structure makes the sleeve assembly have revolutionary maintenance convenience, which can be completed by a single person in a few minutes without tools or hot work. It achieves a perfect unity of adaptive and efficient gas-liquid distribution under all working conditions and extremely simple maintenance, and the operational flexibility is improved compared with conventional bubble cap trays.

[0034] 2. This novel bubble-type gas-liquid distributor creatively transforms the traditional fixed bubble into a "pressure-adaptive lifting movable bubble." The core innovations are: ① The gas pressure itself serves as the sole power source to drive the overall lifting of the cover 3, eliminating the need for any external control components; ② The inverted trapezoidal side slot 8 achieves non-linear and precise control of the flow area with the lift; ③ Four sets of quick-pluggable lifting sliders 9 and inserts 15 achieve a four-in-one function of guidance, anti-rotation, sealing, and quick disassembly; ④ Under low load, it relies on the distribution holes 5 and physical shielding for double leakage prevention, while under high load, it automatically opens a large-flow horizontal jet and enhances the lateral mixing effect.

[0035] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0036] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A novel bubble-type gas-liquid distributor, comprising a distribution body (1) and a cover (3), characterized in that: The top of the distribution body (1) has a ring array of distribution holes (5). The outer ring of the top of the distribution body (1) near the distribution holes (5) is provided with ring grooves (6). The inside of the ring grooves (6) is arranged with a ring array of slots (7). The top of the ring grooves (6) is fitted with a sleeve (2). The bottom of the sleeve (2) is arranged with a ring array of locking blocks (11). The locking blocks (11) and the slots (7) are mutually compatible. The sleeve (2) has built-in sliding openings (10) on both sides, front and back. The sleeve (2) is fitted with a cover (3).

2. The novel bubble-type gas-liquid distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cover (3) has openings (14) on both sides, front and back. The cover (3) has a frame groove (12) near the opening (14) on the outside. The front of the frame groove (12) is fitted with a panel (15). The top and bottom of both sides of the panel (15) are provided with limiting plugs (16).

3. A novel bubble-type gas-liquid distributor according to claim 2, characterized in that: Bolt holes (13) are provided at the top and bottom of both sides of the frame groove (12), and the limiting bolt (16) and the bolt holes (13) are engaged with each other.

4. A novel bubble-type gas-liquid distributor according to claim 3, characterized in that: The front of the panel (15) is welded with a lifting slider (9), which passes through the opening (14) of the cover (3) and is protruding.

5. A novel bubble-type gas-liquid distributor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The lifting slider (9) and the sleeve (2) are slidably connected by the built-in sliding port (10).

6. A novel bubble-type gas-liquid distributor according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer annular array of the cover (3) has side slots (8), and the shape of the side slots (8) is an inverted long trapezoid, narrow at the top and wide at the bottom.

7. A novel bubble-type gas-liquid distributor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the cover (3) is threaded with a cap (4).

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