A multi-stage reverse screening and self-cleaning integrated soil treatment device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of integrated soil treatment devices of multistage reverse screening and self-cleaning, including crushing screening tank, fixed support, driving device, stirring assembly and filtering assembly. The filtering assembly includes first filter plate and second filter plate, which are oppositely inclined. The stirring assembly penetrates the filtering assembly, and is provided with multiple groups of crushing blades with different spacings and staggered distribution, as well as a scraper plate parallel to the filter plate and the tank bottom. The scraper plate moves up and down adaptively during rotation through the guide rail assembly. The utility model realizes efficient crushing of contaminated soil, impurity separation and anti-blocking in the screening process through the synergistic effect of multistage screening, gradient crushing and dynamic self-cleaning, significantly improving the screening efficiency, soil particle uniformity and equipment service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of soil remediation technology and equipment, and in particular to an integrated soil treatment device with multi-stage reverse screening and self-cleaning. Background Technology

[0002] Before implementing most soil remediation processes (such as thermal desorption, chemical oxidation, and leaching), contaminated soil must undergo crushing and screening pretreatment. The core purpose of this process is to separate and remove impurities such as stones and construction waste from the soil, while simultaneously crushing the soil to a suitable, uniform particle size. This effectively prevents large impurities from causing blockages or wear in subsequent remediation equipment, and significantly increases the soil's specific surface area, ensuring sufficient contact between the remediation agent or energy and the contaminants, thereby fundamentally improving the efficiency, safety, and treatment effectiveness of the overall remediation project.

[0003] Currently, existing soil pretreatment equipment still has significant technical shortcomings when dealing with complex contaminated soils. Taking the "Multi-stage Crushing Soil Remediation Device" disclosed in Chinese Patent Publication No. CN217940420U as an example, this device and similar equipment generally suffer from the following structural defects: First, the screening structure is mostly single-stage or unidirectionally arranged, making it difficult to effectively classify and guide impurities of different particle sizes. This leads to the local accumulation of hard and large impurities inside the equipment, which not only severely wears down core components such as crushing blades and scrapers but also easily clogs the discharge channel, restricting continuous operation capability. Second, the crushing unit layout is simple, with crushing dead zones, resulting in uneven particle size of the discharged soil, affecting the uniformity and thoroughness of subsequent remediation. Third, they generally lack self-cleaning functions during operation, with prominent problems of screen plate adhesion and tank bottom adhesion, requiring frequent shutdowns for manual cleaning, resulting in low automation and overall processing efficiency. Therefore, developing an integrated pretreatment device that can achieve efficient impurity separation, uniform crushing, and self-cleaning capabilities is of great significance for promoting technological progress in the soil remediation industry. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is that the existing technology is difficult to pick out impurities in the soil, which easily causes wear and tear on the crushing blades and scrapers, and the soil is not crushed evenly.

[0005] This invention proposes an integrated soil treatment device with multi-stage reverse screening and self-cleaning. The soil is crushed through the cooperation of multiple stirring rods, a first filter plate, and a second filter plate. The inclined position of the first and second filter plates facilitates the screening of impurities from the soil, which are then removed through the cooperation of the first and second screening ports, reducing wear on the crushing blades and scrapers. Uniform crushing of the soil is achieved by adjusting the spacing and angle of the multiple sets of crushing blades on the stirring rods. Scrapers on the first and second stirring rods effectively prevent clogging of the first and second filter plates, thus avoiding difficulty in soil screening. A scraper on the third stirring rod effectively prevents soil from adhering to the bottom surface of the crushing and screening tank.

[0006] The adopted technical solution is as follows: an integrated soil treatment device with multi-stage reverse screening and self-cleaning, including a crushing and screening tank and a fixed support. The crushing and screening tank is installed on the fixed support, and a top cover is provided on the top of the crushing and screening tank. A driving device is fixed on the top of the top cover. A stirring assembly and a filtering assembly are provided inside the crushing and screening tank. The filtering assembly is inclinedly fixed on the inner side wall of the crushing and screening tank. One end of the stirring assembly is connected to the driving device, and the other end passes through the filtering assembly and is rotatably connected to the bottom of the crushing and screening tank.

[0007] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the filter assembly includes a first filter plate and a second filter plate, wherein the diameter of the sieve holes of the first filter plate is larger than that of the sieve holes of the second filter plate; both the first filter plate and the second filter plate are fixed to the inner wall of the crushing and screening tank in an inclined manner, and the first filter plate is located above the second filter plate, with the inclination directions of the two being opposite.

[0008] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first filter plate is fixed by a first mounting part, and the second filter plate is fixed by a second mounting part. Both the first mounting part and the second mounting part are composed of multiple fixing blocks evenly distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the crushing and screening tank.

[0009] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the stirring assembly includes a first stirring rod, a second stirring rod, and a third stirring rod connected in sequence; the first stirring rod is provided with multiple sets of crushing blades for primary crushing and a first scraper; the second stirring rod is provided with multiple sets of crushing blades for secondary crushing and a second scraper; and the third stirring rod is provided with a third scraper.

[0010] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the spacing between the multiple sets of crushing blades on the first stirring rod is greater than the spacing between the multiple sets of crushing blades on the second stirring rod; each set of crushing blades includes multiple crushing blades evenly distributed along the circumference of the stirring rod, and the multiple sets of crushing blades at different heights are staggered.

[0011] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the first scraper, the second scraper, and the third scraper are slidably connected to the corresponding stirring rods via a guide rail assembly; the inclination angle of the first scraper is the same as that of the first filter plate and is arranged parallel to it; the inclination angle of the second scraper is the same as that of the second filter plate and is arranged parallel to it; the inclination angle of the third scraper is the same as that of the inclined bottom surface of the crushing and screening tank and is arranged parallel to it; and brushes are provided at the bottom of the first scraper, the second scraper, and the third scraper.

[0012] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the guide rail assembly includes a guide rail fixed in the vertical groove of the stirring rod, and a slider sleeved on the guide rail and fixedly connected to the scraper.

[0013] In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the crushing and screening tank has a feed inlet at the top of its side wall, which is located above the highest point of the first mounting part; the crushing and screening tank has a discharge outlet at the bottom of its side wall, which is located at the lowest point of the inclined bottom surface of the crushing and screening tank; the crushing and screening tank also has a first screening port and a second screening port, with the first screening port located above the lowest point of the first mounting part and the second screening port located above the lowest point of the second mounting part.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of this utility model are:

[0015] 1. This utility model utilizes a reverse-inclined double filter plate design and a low-position screening port to provide independent and automated outlet channels for impurities of different particle sizes, which can prevent impurity accumulation from the source, significantly reduce wear on crushing blades and scrapers, and ensure long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0016] 2. This utility model achieves multiple and efficient cutting of materials through a gradient and staggered crushing blade layout, effectively eliminating crushing dead corners, resulting in uniform soil particle size, which greatly optimizes the effect of subsequent remediation treatment.

[0017] 3. The scraper-guide rail adaptive cleaning system of this utility model can continuously clean the filter plate and the bottom of the tank during equipment operation, which completely solves the problem of adhesion and blockage between the screen holes and the working surface, ensures the continuity and smoothness of the screening process, reduces maintenance needs, and improves production efficiency.

[0018] 4. This utility model organically integrates multi-stage crushing, multi-stage screening, impurity sorting and discharge, and final discharge functions into a compact unit, which optimizes and shortens the pretreatment process of contaminated soil, occupies a small area, and has high comprehensive treatment efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this embodiment;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a frontal half-sectional view of this embodiment;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a side half-sectional view of this embodiment;

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1-crushing and screening tank, 2-top cover, 3-fixed bracket, 4-drive device, 5-stirring assembly, 6-filter assembly, 7-first mounting part, 8-second mounting part, 9-feed inlet, 10-discharge outlet, 51-first stirring rod, 52-second stirring rod, 53-third stirring rod, 61-first filter plate, 62-second filter plate, 511-first scraper, 521-second scraper, 531-third scraper. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Example

[0024] like Figure 1-3 As shown in the figure, this embodiment is an integrated soil treatment device with multi-stage reverse screening and self-cleaning. The crushing and screening device includes a crushing and screening tank 1 and a fixed support 3. The crushing and screening tank 1 is installed on the fixed support 3. The top of the crushing and screening tank 1 is provided with a top cover 2. The crushing and screening tank 1 is provided with a stirring assembly 5 and a filtering assembly 6 inside.

[0025] like Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, the bottom surface of the crushing and screening tank 1 is inclined, and the inclined plate of the inner wall of the crushing and screening tank 1 can be prepared by welding prefabrication or integral molding with the tank body.

[0026] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the filter assembly 6 includes a first filter plate 61 and a second filter plate 62. The first filter plate 61 and the second filter plate 62 are circular, and their diameters are the same and smaller than the inner diameter of the crushing and screening tank 1, so that the first filter plate 61 and the second filter plate 62 are fixed inside the crushing and screening tank. The first filter plate 61 is fixed to the inner side wall of the crushing and screening tank 1 in an inclined position, and the second filter plate 62 is fixed to the inner side wall of the crushing and screening tank 1 in an inclined position. The first filter plate 61 is positioned above the second filter plate 62, and the inclination directions of the first filter plate 61 and the second filter plate 62 are opposite.

[0027] The first filter plate 61 is fixed to the inner wall of the crushing and screening tank 1 by the first mounting part 7, and the second filter plate 62 is fixed to the inner wall of the crushing and screening tank 1 by the second mounting part 8, with the first mounting part 7 located above the second mounting part 8.

[0028] In this embodiment, the first mounting part 7 and the second mounting part 8 each include four fixing blocks. The four fixing blocks in the first mounting part 7 and the second mounting part 8 are evenly and circumferentially arranged on the inner sidewalls of the crushing and screening tank 1 at different heights. The positions of the four fixing blocks in the first mounting part 7 and the four fixing blocks in the second mounting part 8 correspond one-to-one, so that when the first filter plate 61 and the second filter plate 62 are fixed in the first mounting part 7 and the second mounting part 8 respectively, the first filter plate 61 and the second filter plate 62 have opposite tilt directions.

[0029] The bottom edges of the first filter plate 61 and the second filter plate 62 are each provided with four grooves. The four grooves of the first filter plate 61 are respectively engaged with the four fixing blocks of the first mounting part 7 to fix the first filter plate 61 on the first mounting part 7. The first filter plate 61 is set in the crushing and screening tank 1 at an angle. The four grooves of the second filter plate 62 are respectively engaged with the four fixing blocks of the second mounting part 8 to fix the second filter plate 62 on the second mounting part 8.

[0030] In this embodiment, the aperture of the first filter plate 61 is larger than that of the second filter plate 62, and both the first filter plate 61 and the second filter plate 62 are provided with compressible sealing strips on their sides to fill the gaps between the first filter plate 61 and the second filter plate 62 and the inner wall of the crushing and screening tank 1, so as to prevent soil from falling from the gaps.

[0031] In this embodiment, the first filter plate 61 and the second filter plate 62 are respectively provided with circular holes that facilitate the passage of the stirring assembly 5.

[0032] The top cover 2 has a mounting hole in the middle. The drive device 4 is installed on the top of the top plate. In this embodiment, the drive device 4 is a motor. The output end of the motor passes through the mounting hole and is fixedly connected to the stirring assembly 5.

[0033] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the stirring assembly 5 includes a first stirring rod 51, a second stirring rod 52, and a third stirring rod 53. One end of the first stirring rod 51 is connected to the output flange of the motor and is coaxial with the output of the motor. The other end passes through a round hole on the first filter plate 61 and is connected to a flange at one end of the second stirring rod 52. The other end of the second stirring rod 52 passes through a round hole on the second filter plate 62 and is connected to a flange at one end of the third stirring rod 53. The other end of the third stirring rod 53 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the crushing and screening tank 1.

[0034] In this embodiment, the bottom of the crushing and screening tank 1 has a groove that facilitates fixing the third stirring rod 53. A bearing seat is provided in the groove. The end of the third stirring rod 53 that is not fixed to the second stirring rod 52 is fixed in the bearing seat, so that when the driving device 4 drives the first stirring rod 51 to rotate, the second stirring rod 52 and the third stirring rod 53 move synchronously with the first stirring rod 51, and at the same time provide support for the third stirring rod 53, the second stirring rod 52 and the first stirring rod 51.

[0035] In this embodiment, the first stirring rod 51 and the second stirring rod 52 are respectively provided with three sets of crushing blades. Each set of crushing blades includes three crushing blades. The three crushing blades are evenly distributed along the circumference, and the included angle between adjacent crushing blades is 60°. The crushing blades in each set of the three sets of crushing blades are staggered to ensure that most of the soil can be affected by the crushing blades.

[0036] The spacing between the multiple sets of crushing blades on the first mixing rod 51 is greater than the spacing between the multiple sets of crushing blades on the second mixing rod 52; this is used to further crush the soil into smaller particles.

[0037] In this embodiment, guide rail assemblies are respectively provided below the three sets of crushing blades of the first stirring rod 51, below the three sets of crushing blades of the second stirring rod 52, and on the third stirring rod 53. Vertical grooves are respectively opened on the first stirring rod 51, the second stirring rod 52, and the third stirring rod 53, and the three guide rail assemblies are respectively fixed in the vertical grooves of the first stirring rod 51, the second stirring rod 52, and the third stirring rod 53.

[0038] The guide rail assembly includes a guide rail fixed in a groove and a slider sleeved on the guide rail. The slider of the guide rail assembly, which is located in the groove on the first stirring rod 51, is fixedly connected to the first scraper 511. The first scraper 511 is inclined on the slider, and the angle at which the first scraper 511 is inclined on the slider is the same as the inclination angle of the first filter plate 61. The first scraper 511 is parallel to the first filter plate 61. A brush is provided at the bottom of the first scraper 511, which facilitates the cleaning and unblocking of the first filter plate 61 when the first scraper 511 rotates with the first stirring rod 51. Since the first filter plate 61 is in an inclined state, when the first scraper 511 rotates with the first stirring rod 51 and contacts the surface of the filter plate, it will reciprocate along the axial direction of the first stirring rod 51 under the guidance of the guide rail assembly.

[0039] The slider of the guide rail assembly set in the groove on the second stirring rod 52 is fixedly connected to the second scraper 521. The second scraper 521 is inclined on the slider, and the inclination angle of the second scraper 521 is the same as that of the second filter plate 62. The second scraper 521 is parallel to the second filter plate 62. The bottom of the second scraper 521 is provided with a brush, which facilitates the second scraper 521 to clean and unclog the second filter plate 62 when it rotates with the second stirring rod 52. Since the second filter plate 62 is in an inclined state, the second scraper 521 is subjected to the action of the second filter plate 62 when it rotates synchronously with the stirring rod, and moves up and down on the guide rail assembly on the second stirring rod 52.

[0040] The first stirring rod 51 and the second stirring rod 52 are each provided with a shoulder. The shoulder on the first stirring rod 51 is located below the guide rail assembly of the first stirring rod 51, and the shoulder on the second stirring rod 52 is located below the guide rail assembly of the second stirring rod 52. A joint bearing is fixed to the shoulder of the first stirring rod 51 and the second stirring rod 52 respectively. A round hole is opened in the middle of the first filter plate 61 and the second filter plate 62. The first filter plate 61 is rotatably connected to the first stirring rod 51 through the round hole and the joint bearing, and the second filter plate 62 is rotatably connected to the second stirring rod 52 through the round hole and the joint bearing.

[0041] The slider of the guide rail assembly set in the groove on the third stirring rod 53 is fixedly connected to the third scraper 531. The third scraper 531 is inclined on the slider, and the inclination angle of the third scraper 531 is consistent with the inclination angle of the bottom surface of the crushing and screening tank 1. The third scraper 531 is parallel to the bottom surface of the crushing and screening tank 1. The bottom of the third scraper 531 is provided with a brush so that when the third scraper 531 rotates with the third stirring rod 53, it scrapes off the soil attached to the bottom surface of the crushing and screening tank 1. Under the action of gravity, it moves to the lower side of the bottom surface of the crushing and screening tank 1. Since the bottom surface of the crushing and screening tank 1 is in an inclined state, the third scraper 531 is subjected to the action of the bottom surface of the crushing and screening tank 1 when it rotates synchronously with the third stirring rod 53, and moves up and down on the guide rail assembly on the third stirring rod 53.

[0042] In this embodiment, the guide rail assembly set on the third stirring rod 53 has a length that is not affected by the second filter plate 62 during the rotation of the third scraper 531.

[0043] In this embodiment, multiple sets of crushing blades and multiple scrapers can be fixed to the stirring rod by welding.

[0044] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, in this embodiment, a discharge port 10 is opened at the bottom of the side wall of the crushing and screening tank 1. The discharge port 10 is located on the lower side of the bottom surface of the crushing and screening tank 1 so that the soil on the bottom surface of the crushing and screening tank 1 reaches the discharge port 10 under the action of gravity.

[0045] In this embodiment, a feed inlet 9 is opened at the top of the side wall of the crushing and screening tank 1. The feed inlet 9 is located on the side of the highest point of the first mounting part 7, and a feed hopper is provided at the feed inlet 9.

[0046] The crushing and screening tank 1 has a first screening port and a second screening port. The first screening port is located above the lowest point of the first mounting part 7, and the second screening port is located above the lowest point of the second mounting part 8. The first screening port and the second screening port are respectively connected to an external collection device. The first screening port is used to discharge impurities larger than the aperture of the first filter plate 61, and the second filter plate 62 is used to discharge impurities larger than the aperture of the second filter plate 62. Most of the impurities can be picked out after filtration by the two filter plates.

[0047] The specific usage method of the integrated soil treatment device with multi-stage reverse screening and self-cleaning in this embodiment is as follows: the first screening port and the second screening port are connected to the external collection device through external pipelines. The drive device 4 is turned on, and the drive device 4 drives the stirring component 5 to rotate, moving the collected contaminated soil to the feed hopper. The soil in the feed hopper is moved into the crushing and screening tank 1 through the feed port 9. During the process of the soil falling to the first filter plate 61, it is crushed by the action of multiple sets of crushing blades on the first stirring rod 51. Under the action of the first scraper 511, the soil larger than the aperture of the first filter plate 61 is repeatedly crushed by multiple sets of crushing blades. The impurities in the soil that cannot be crushed by the crushing blades fall onto the first filter plate 61. The impurities roll under the action of gravity or move to the lowest point of the first filter plate 61 under the action of the first scraper 511 and are discharged from the first screening port. The soil that meets the aperture requirements of the first filter plate 61 falls to the second filter plate 62.

[0048] During the process of falling to the second filter plate 62, the soil filtered by the first filter plate 61 is further crushed by the action of multiple sets of crushing blades on the second stirring rod 52. The soil that meets the aperture requirements of the second filter plate 62 falls to the bottom surface of the crushing and screening tank, while the soil that does not meet the aperture requirements of the second filter plate 62 falls onto the second filter plate 62. Under the action of the second scraper, the soil is repeatedly crushed by multiple sets of crushing blades. Impurities in the soil that cannot be crushed by the crushing blades roll under the action of gravity or move to the lowest point of the second filter plate 62 under the action of the second scraper 521 and are discharged from the second screening port.

[0049] The pore size of the first filter plate 61 and the second filter plate 62 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0050] The soil falling onto the bottom surface of the crushing and screening tank 1 rolls to the lowest point on the bottom surface of the crushing and screening tank 1 under the action of gravity or the third scraper 531, and is discharged through the discharge port 10, thus completing the crushing and screening.

[0051] The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept of this utility model and should not be used to limit the protection scope of this utility model. Any modifications made to the technical solution based on the technical concept proposed by this utility model shall fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An integrated soil treatment device with multi-stage reverse screening and self-cleaning, characterized in that: The device includes a crushing and screening tank (1) and a fixed support (3). The crushing and screening tank (1) is mounted on the fixed support (3). The top of the crushing and screening tank (1) is provided with a top cover (2). A driving device (4) is fixed on the top of the top cover (2). The crushing and screening tank (1) is provided with a stirring assembly (5) and a filter assembly (6). The filter assembly (6) is inclined and fixed on the inner side wall of the crushing and screening tank (1). One end of the stirring assembly (5) is connected to the driving device (4) for transmission, and the other end passes through the filter assembly (6) and is rotatably connected to the bottom of the crushing and screening tank (1).

2. The integrated soil treatment device with multi-stage reverse screening and self-cleaning as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The filter assembly (6) includes a first filter plate (61) and a second filter plate (62). The diameter of the sieve hole of the first filter plate (61) is larger than that of the sieve hole of the second filter plate (62). The first filter plate (61) and the second filter plate (62) are both fixed to the inner wall of the crushing and screening tank (1) in an inclined manner, and the first filter plate (61) is located above the second filter plate (62). The inclination directions of the two are opposite.

3. The integrated soil treatment device with multi-stage reverse screening and self-cleaning as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The first filter plate (61) is fixed by the first mounting part (7), and the second filter plate (62) is fixed by the second mounting part (8). The first mounting part (7) and the second mounting part (8) are both composed of multiple fixing blocks evenly distributed circumferentially on the inner wall of the crushing and screening tank (1).

4. The integrated soil treatment device with multi-stage reverse screening and self-cleaning as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The stirring assembly (5) includes a first stirring rod (51), a second stirring rod (52), and a third stirring rod (53) connected in sequence; the first stirring rod (51) is provided with multiple sets of crushing blades for primary crushing and a first scraper (511); the second stirring rod (52) is provided with multiple sets of crushing blades for secondary crushing and a second scraper (521); the third stirring rod (53) is provided with a third scraper (531).

5. The integrated soil treatment device with multi-stage reverse screening and self-cleaning as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The spacing between the multiple sets of crushing blades on the first stirring rod (51) is greater than the spacing between the multiple sets of crushing blades on the second stirring rod (52); each set of crushing blades includes multiple crushing blades evenly distributed along the circumference of the stirring rod, and the multiple sets of crushing blades at different heights are staggered.

6. The integrated soil treatment device with multi-stage reverse screening and self-cleaning as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The first scraper (511), the second scraper (521) and the third scraper (531) are slidably connected to the corresponding stirring rods through a guide rail assembly; the tilt angle of the first scraper (511) is the same as that of the first filter plate (61) and is set parallel to it; the tilt angle of the second scraper (521) is the same as that of the second filter plate (62) and is set parallel to it; the tilt angle of the third scraper (531) is the same as that of the tilted bottom surface of the crushing and screening tank (1) and is set parallel to it; the bottom of the first scraper (511), the second scraper (521) and the third scraper (531) are all provided with brushes.

7. The integrated soil treatment device with multi-stage reverse screening and self-cleaning as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The guide rail assembly includes a guide rail fixed in the vertical groove of the stirring rod, and a slider sleeved on the guide rail and fixedly connected to the scraper.

8. The integrated soil treatment device with multi-stage reverse screening and self-cleaning as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The crushing and screening tank (1) has a feed inlet (9) at the top of its side wall, which is located above the highest point of the first mounting part (7); the crushing and screening tank (1) has a discharge outlet (10) at the bottom of its side wall, which is located at the lowest point of the inclined bottom surface of the crushing and screening tank (1); the crushing and screening tank (1) also has a first screening port and a second screening port, which are located above the lowest point of the first mounting part (7) and the second screening port are located above the lowest point of the second mounting part (8).

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