Self-cleaning anti-blocking double-stage hammer crusher

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of self-cleaning anti-blocking two-stage hammer crusher, belong to the technical field of crusher, including shell, sieve plate and two crushing hammer components, crushing chamber is arranged in shell, the top and bottom of crushing chamber are respectively provided with feed inlet and drop opening;Sieve plate is fixed at drop opening;Crushing hammer component is rotatably installed in crushing chamber;Sieve plate below is provided with the scraping unit matched with long hole.This utility model sets up two crushing hammer components in shell, two crushing hammer components successively crush material, can make material pass through multiple crushing treatment, effectively reduce material granularity, improve the fineness of discharge, sieve plate can screen material, make the material meeting granularity requirement discharge from long hole, while the material not meeting granularity requirement is detained in crushing chamber and continue to crush, scraping unit can reciprocate, scrape the material blocked in long hole, so that sieve plate keeps good screening effect, avoid material accumulation on sieve plate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of crusher technology, specifically to a self-cleaning, anti-clogging double-stage hammer crusher. Background Technology

[0002] In industries such as mining, construction, and chemicals, material crushing is a crucial step in the production process. Hammer crushers, due to their simple structure and high crushing efficiency, are widely used for crushing various brittle materials (such as ore, coal gangue, and construction waste). Most existing hammer crushers employ a single-stage crushing structure, where a single set of hammers crushes the material in one impact. However, single-stage crushing has a limited crushing ratio, often failing to achieve sufficient crushing for materials with high hardness or large particle size. To control the output particle size, hammer crushers typically install a screen plate at the discharge port, limiting the output particle size through the screen aperture size. However, in actual operation, especially when processing materials with high moisture content and high viscosity (such as wet coal and clayey ore), the material easily adheres to the screen plate surface and gets stuck in the screen apertures, leading to screen blockage. Utility Model Content

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical shortcomings, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a self-cleaning, anti-clogging, two-stage hammer crusher that fully crushes materials and avoids screen plate clogging by setting two crushing hammer assemblies and a scraping unit.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model adopts the following technical solution: This utility model provides a self-cleaning, anti-clogging double-stage hammer crusher, comprising: The machine casing contains a crushing chamber, and the top and bottom of the crushing chamber are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet; A screen plate, which is fixed at the material inlet, has multiple elongated holes. Two hydraulic breaker assemblies are rotatably mounted in the breaker chamber. Each hydraulic breaker assembly includes a shaft and a hammering unit fixed on the shaft. The screen plate is provided with a scraping unit that cooperates with the elongated hole, and one of the shafts drives the scraping unit to reciprocate through a multi-stage reduction mechanism.

[0005] Preferably, the crushing chamber includes a primary crushing chamber and a secondary crushing chamber, the primary crushing chamber and the secondary crushing chamber are connected, the feed inlet is located at the top of the primary crushing chamber, and the discharge outlet is located at the bottom of the secondary crushing chamber.

[0006] Preferably, the two breaker hammer assemblies are respectively installed in a primary crushing chamber and a secondary crushing chamber, and the material crushed in the primary crushing chamber falls into the secondary crushing chamber for further crushing.

[0007] Preferably, the hammering unit includes multiple partitions, each partition being disc-shaped, and the multiple partitions are fixed to the shaft at even intervals; multiple hammerheads are arranged between two adjacent partitions, and the multiple hammerheads are distributed around the shaft.

[0008] Preferably, a pin is fixed on the partition, and the hammer head is rotatably mounted on the pin.

[0009] Preferably, the scraping unit includes a strip and a plurality of scraper heads fixed on the strip, wherein the plurality of scraper heads correspond one-to-one with a plurality of elongated holes.

[0010] Preferably, the screen plate is arc-shaped, and arc-shaped slide rails are fixed at both ends of the bottom of the secondary crushing chamber. The two ends of the strip are slidably mounted on the two arc-shaped slide rails respectively.

[0011] Preferably, a rotating shaft is rotatably mounted inside the housing, a crank is fixed on the rotating shaft, a connecting rod is hinged to the crank, and the connecting rod is hinged to the bottom of the strip.

[0012] Preferably, the multi-stage reduction mechanism includes: One pulley is fixed to one of the shafts; A drive shaft is rotatably mounted inside the housing. A second pulley is fixed on the drive shaft, and a belt is wound around the first pulley and the second pulley. Gear 1 is fixed on the drive shaft; Gear 2 is fixed on the rotating shaft, and gear 1 meshes with gear 2; Wherein, the diameter of pulley one is smaller than the diameter of pulley two, and the diameter of gear one is smaller than the diameter of gear two.

[0013] Preferably, the scraper head is triangular, and when the scraper head moves along the elongated hole, it pushes the material upwards onto the screen plate.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This invention features two breaker hammer assemblies within the casing. These two breaker hammer assemblies crush the material sequentially, allowing for multiple crushing processes, effectively reducing the particle size and improving the fineness of the output. The screen plate separates the material, allowing material meeting the size requirements to exit through the elongated holes, while material not meeting the size requirements remains in the crushing chamber for further crushing. The scraper unit reciprocates, scraping away material clogging the elongated holes, thus maintaining good screening performance and preventing material accumulation on the screen plate. The arc-shaped slide rail designed in this invention allows the scraper unit to move along an arc that matches the bottom surface of the crushing chamber, better adapting to the shape of the screen plate, improving cleaning efficiency, and effectively preventing clogging. By setting up a multi-stage reduction mechanism, the shaft of the breaker hammer assembly drives the rotating shaft, which in turn drives the crank and connecting rod, thereby driving the scraper unit to reciprocate on the arc-shaped slide rail. This provides the scraper unit with suitable power and speed, ensuring reliable operation. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a front-view perspective view of a self-cleaning, anti-clogging, two-stage hammer crusher provided for an embodiment of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a rear-view perspective view of a self-cleaning, anti-clogging, two-stage hammer crusher provided for an embodiment of this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 The image shows a bottom-view perspective of a self-cleaning, anti-clogging, two-stage hammer crusher, as provided in an embodiment of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a top view of a self-cleaning, anti-clogging, two-stage hammer crusher provided for an embodiment of this utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Sectional view at point BB.

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a multi-stage reduction mechanism in a self-cleaning, anti-clogging, two-stage hammer crusher, provided as an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Casing; 2. Feed inlet; 3. Discharge outlet; 4. Screen plate; 5. Long slot; 6. Breaker hammer assembly; 7. Shaft; 8. Primary crushing chamber; 9. Secondary crushing chamber; 10. Partition plate; 11. Hammer head; 12. Pin shaft; 13. Strip plate; 14. Scraper head; 15. Arc-shaped slide rail; 16. Rotating shaft; 17. Crank; 18. Connecting rod; 19. Pulley 1; 20. Pulley 2; 21. Drive shaft; 22. Gear 1; 23. Gear 2. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0024] Example 1 like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, Embodiment 1 of this utility model provides a self-cleaning, anti-clogging, two-stage hammer crusher, including a casing 1, a screen plate 4, two crushing hammer assemblies 6, and a scraping unit. The casing 1 has a crushing chamber inside, which is divided into a primary crushing chamber 8 and a secondary crushing chamber 9 arranged vertically. The primary crushing chamber 8 has a feed inlet 2 at its top for feeding the material to be crushed. The secondary crushing chamber 9 has a discharge port 3 at its bottom, and the screen plate 4 is fixedly installed at this discharge port 3. The inner cavities of the primary crushing chamber 8 and the secondary crushing chamber 9 are horizontal cylindrical structures. The screen plate 4 is an arc-shaped structure adapted to the curvature of the bottom of the crushing chamber, and has multiple through-holes 5 for screening materials that meet the particle size requirements.

[0025] Two hydraulic breaker assemblies 6 are respectively arranged in the primary crushing chamber 8 and the secondary crushing chamber 9. Each hydraulic breaker assembly 6 includes a horizontally positioned shaft 7, which is rotatably mounted on the housing 1 via a bearing seat. The shafts 7 in the two hydraulic breaker assemblies 6 are connected by a belt drive mechanism to achieve simultaneous rotation. One of the shafts 7 is driven to rotate by an external motor. Multiple disc-shaped partitions 10 are fixed to the shaft 7 within the crushing chamber, and the partitions 10 are evenly spaced along the axial direction. Multiple hammers 11 are rotatably mounted between adjacent partitions 10 via pins 12; in this embodiment, there are four hammers 11. The hammers 11 are evenly distributed around the shaft 7, enabling them to crush the material during rotation. If the material cannot be crushed in one pass, the hammers 11 can also rotate around the pins 12 and retract into the gaps between the partitions 10 to avoid jamming.

[0026] A scraping unit is provided below the screen plate 4, including a strip plate 13. Multiple scraper heads 14 are fixedly installed on the strip plate 13, and the positions of the scraper heads 14 correspond one-to-one with the elongated holes 5 on the screen plate 4. The two ends of the strip plate 13 are slidably mounted on two arc-shaped slide rails 15 fixed inside the machine housing 1. The arc of the arc-shaped slide rails 15 is consistent with that of the screen plate 4. When the scraping unit moves on the arc-shaped slide rails 15, it reciprocates along the arc direction of the screen plate 4.

[0027] One of the breaker components 6 has a shaft 7 that drives the scraping unit to reciprocate on the arc-shaped slide rail 15 via a multi-stage reduction mechanism.

[0028] After entering the primary crushing chamber 8 through the feed inlet 2, the material is initially crushed by the high-speed rotating hammers 11. The crushed material falls into the secondary crushing chamber 9, where it continues to be crushed by the secondary crushing hammer assembly 6 for further refinement. Material that meets the particle size requirements falls through the elongated holes 5 on the screen plate 4 into the lower discharge device, while material that does not meet the size requirements remains in the crushing chamber and is repeatedly hammered for thorough crushing. The scraper unit moves back and forth to clean the elongated holes 5, effectively preventing the screen plate 4 from clogging.

[0029] Example 2 Based on Embodiment 1, a rotating shaft 16 is installed inside the housing 1 via bearings. A crank 17 is fixed on the rotating shaft 16, and a connecting rod 18 is hinged to the crank 17. The connecting rod 18 is hinged to the bottom of the strip 13. When the rotating shaft 16 rotates, the crank 17 and the connecting rod 18 drive the strip 13 to reciprocate on the arc-shaped slide rail 15.

[0030] The multi-stage reduction mechanism of this utility model includes a pulley 19 fixed on the shaft 7 and a second pulley 20 connected to it via a belt. The second pulley 20 is fixed on the transmission shaft 21. The transmission shaft 21 is rotatably mounted on the housing 1. A gear 22 is mounted on the other end of the transmission shaft 21, and the gear 22 meshes with a second gear 23 fixed on the rotating shaft 16. Through the multi-stage reduction of the pulleys and gears, the high-speed rotation of the shaft 7 of the breaker assembly 6 is converted into the low-speed reciprocating motion of the scraper unit, thereby achieving timed cleaning of the elongated holes 5 of the screen plate 4 and preventing clogging.

[0031] In the multi-stage reduction mechanism, the diameter of pulley 19 is significantly smaller than that of pulley 20, achieving the first stage of reduction; the diameter of gear 22 is smaller than that of gear 23, achieving the second stage of reduction. By rationally selecting the reduction ratio, the scraping unit can perform reciprocating cleaning at an appropriate frequency, avoiding power waste while ensuring the unblocking effect.

[0032] Example 3 Based on Embodiments 1 and 2, this embodiment designs the scraper head 14 of the scraper unit as a triangle. The triangular apex design gives both sides of the scraper head 14 a ramp, which can push the material blocked in the elongated hole 5 back into the crushing chamber during reciprocating motion. A wear-resistant slider is provided between the strip plate 13 and the arc-shaped slide rail 15 to improve the smoothness of movement and service life.

[0033] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A self-cleaning, anti-clogging, two-stage hammer crusher, characterized in that, include: The machine casing contains a crushing chamber, and the top and bottom of the crushing chamber are respectively provided with a feed inlet and a discharge outlet; A screen plate, which is fixed at the material inlet, has multiple elongated holes. Two hydraulic breaker assemblies are rotatably mounted in the breaker chamber. Each hydraulic breaker assembly includes a shaft and a hammering unit fixed on the shaft. The screen plate is provided with a scraping unit that cooperates with the elongated hole, and one of the shafts drives the scraping unit to reciprocate through a multi-stage reduction mechanism.

2. The self-cleaning, anti-clogging, double-stage hammer crusher as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The crushing chamber includes a primary crushing chamber and a secondary crushing chamber, which are connected. The feed inlet is located at the top of the primary crushing chamber, and the discharge outlet is located at the bottom of the secondary crushing chamber.

3. A self-cleaning, anti-clogging, double-stage hammer crusher as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The two breaker hammer assemblies are respectively installed in the primary crushing chamber and the secondary crushing chamber, and the material crushed in the primary crushing chamber falls into the secondary crushing chamber for further crushing.

4. A self-cleaning, anti-clogging, double-stage hammer crusher as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The hammering unit includes multiple partitions, each partition being disc-shaped, and the multiple partitions are fixed to the shaft at even intervals; multiple hammerheads are arranged between two adjacent partitions, and the multiple hammerheads are distributed around the shaft.

5. A self-cleaning, anti-clogging, two-stage hammer crusher as described in claim 4, characterized in that, A pin is fixed to the partition, and the hammer head is rotatably mounted on the pin.

6. A self-cleaning, anti-clogging, two-stage hammer crusher as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The scraping unit includes a strip and multiple scraper heads fixed on the strip, with each scraper head corresponding to a multiple elongated hole.

7. A self-cleaning, anti-clogging, double-stage hammer crusher as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The screen plate is arc-shaped, and arc-shaped slide rails are fixed at both ends of the bottom of the secondary crushing chamber. The two ends of the strip are slidably mounted on the two arc-shaped slide rails respectively.

8. A self-cleaning, anti-clogging, double-stage hammer crusher as described in claim 7, characterized in that, A rotating shaft is rotatably installed inside the housing, a crank is fixed on the rotating shaft, a connecting rod is hinged to the crank, and the connecting rod is hinged to the bottom of the strip.

9. A self-cleaning, anti-clogging, double-stage hammer crusher as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The multi-stage reduction mechanism includes: One pulley is fixed to one of the shafts; A drive shaft is rotatably mounted inside the housing. A second pulley is fixed on the drive shaft, and a belt is wound around the first pulley and the second pulley. Gear 1 is fixed on the drive shaft; Gear 2 is fixed on the rotating shaft, and gear 1 meshes with gear 2; Wherein, the diameter of pulley one is smaller than the diameter of pulley two, and the diameter of gear one is smaller than the diameter of gear two.

10. A self-cleaning, anti-clogging, double-stage hammer crusher as described in claim 6, characterized in that, The scraper head is triangular, and when it moves along the elongated hole, it pushes the material upwards onto the screen plate.

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