Coal gangue pretreatment device

Abstract

The utility model relates to coal gangue processing technical field especially relates to a coal gangue pretreatment device, the coal gangue pretreatment device includes: rubbing crusher body, screening board, dredging rod and drive assembly, the inside symmetry of rubbing crusher body installs coarse crushing roller and fine crushing roller, and fine crushing roller is located below coarse crushing roller, the inside of rubbing crusher body is located below fine crushing roller and installs the screening board of inclined design, the coal gangue pretreatment device provided by the utility model realizes the automatic removal of the broken stone of the screening board stuck in the screen hole through the design of drive assembly, the electric push rod operation drives the rack to slide up and down, makes two racks reverse synchronous motion through gear transmission, and then makes the dredging rod do the staggered up and down motion, and the particle stuck in the screen hole is ejected, avoids the screen hole blockage, guarantees the continuity and high efficiency of screening process, reduces the production interruption and artificial cleaning cost caused by screen hole blockage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of coal gangue processing technology, and in particular to a coal gangue pretreatment device. Background Technology

[0002] Coal gangue, a solid waste generated during coal mining and washing, has accumulated in large quantities over a long period of time. It not only occupies valuable land resources but also poses a serious threat to the ecological environment due to spontaneous combustion, dust, and heavy metal leaching. According to relevant statistics, the accumulated stockpile of coal gangue in my country has reached billions of tons and is still growing at a rate of hundreds of millions of tons per year. Against this backdrop, realizing the resource utilization of coal gangue has become a key task for the sustainable development of the coal industry. In the building materials industry, crushing coal gangue to a particle size range of 5-20mm can be used to make building materials such as autoclaved bricks and aerated concrete. This can not only effectively consume a large amount of coal gangue and alleviate environmental pressure, but also reduce the production cost of building materials and realize the secondary utilization of resources. However, existing coal gangue pretreatment technologies have exposed many problems in the process of achieving this goal. Existing equipment for processing coal gangue requires phased coarse crushing and fine crushing processes. This process involves complex equipment operation procedures and frequent switching of equipment operating parameters, resulting in low production efficiency. Furthermore, existing technology still has shortcomings in the screening stage after crushing. Screening is a crucial step in obtaining coal gangue particles that meet specifications; coal gangue larger than the screen aperture diameter is easily stuck in the screen holes, causing blockages. Once blockages occur, they can reduce screening efficiency and significantly decrease the equipment's processing capacity. In severe cases, the machine must be shut down for manual cleaning, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, increasing labor costs and shortening the effective operating time of the equipment, thus reducing production efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a new coal gangue pretreatment device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a coal gangue pretreatment device.

[0005] The coal gangue pretreatment device provided by this utility model includes: a crusher body, a screening plate, a clearing rod, and a drive assembly. The crusher body has coarse crushing rollers and fine crushing rollers symmetrically installed inside, with the fine crushing rollers located below the coarse crushing rollers. The crusher body has an inclined screening plate installed inside, below the fine crushing rollers. Clearing rods are symmetrically arranged below the screening plate. A drive assembly is installed between the crusher body and the clearing rods. The drive assembly drives the clearing rods to move alternately to clear the blocked screen holes inside the screening plate.

[0006] Preferably, the drive assembly includes: an electric push rod, a rack and a gear, the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the side wall of the crusher body, the gear is rotatably connected to the side wall of the crusher body, the rack is meshed with both sides of the gear, the rack is slidably connected to the side wall of the crusher body, and the output end of the electric push rod is fixedly connected to the top end of one of the racks.

[0007] Preferably, the sidewalls of the crusher body are symmetrically provided with clearance grooves, and the middle of each rack is fixedly connected with a protruding rod, and the other end of each protruding rod passes through the corresponding clearance groove and is fixedly connected to the corresponding unblocking rod.

[0008] Preferably, guide rods are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the screening plate, and fixing rings are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crusher body. The guide rods are all placed inside the corresponding fixing rings and are slidably connected to their inner walls.

[0009] Preferably, motors are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side walls of the crusher body, and the output ends of the motors are all fixedly connected to the rotating plates inside the crusher body. The side walls of the rotating plates are rotatably connected to connecting plates, and the other end of the connecting plates is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the corresponding guide rod.

[0010] Preferably, the side wall of the crusher body is provided with a discharge plate corresponding to the screening plate, and a hoist is fixedly connected to the side of the crusher body near the discharge plate, and the discharge plate is located at the bottom of the hoist.

[0011] Preferably, a guide plate is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the elevator, and a conveyor belt is fixedly connected to the top of the crusher body on the side closest to the elevator, with the conveyor belt located below the guide plate.

[0012] Compared with related technologies, the coal gangue pretreatment device provided by this utility model has the following beneficial effects: The design of the drive component enables the automatic removal of gravel stuck in the screen holes by the screening plate. When the screen holes are blocked, the electric push rod drives the rack to slide up and down. Through gear transmission, the two racks move in opposite directions synchronously, which in turn causes the unblocking rod to move up and down alternately. The top of the unblocking rod corresponds to the screen hole and can be inserted into the blocked screen hole to push out the particles stuck in it, thus avoiding screen blockage and ensuring the continuity and efficiency of the screening process. This reduces production interruptions and manual cleaning costs caused by screen blockage. The crusher body is symmetrically equipped with coarse crushing rollers and fine crushing rollers. After the equipment is started, the two can rotate synchronously. Large pieces of coal gangue are first crushed into intermediate products with larger particle sizes by the coarse crushing rollers, and then fall naturally to the fine crushing rollers for further crushing into smaller particles. There is no need for staged operation and frequent parameter adjustment, which simplifies the production process and greatly improves the production efficiency of the crushing process. Larger particles that fail to pass through the screen holes slide along the inclined surface of the screening plate to the discharge plate. Through the discharge plate, they slide into the feed end of the elevator, which transports the larger particles to the top of the equipment. There, they enter the guide plate and slide onto the conveyor belt. Finally, the conveyor belt transports these unqualified particles back to the feed inlet of the crusher body and re-enters the crushing process. This cyclical processing mechanism ensures that all coal gangue particles are fully crushed and screened until they reach the qualified particle size, improving the utilization rate of coal gangue and reducing resource waste. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the coal gangue pretreatment device provided by this utility model; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the side of the crusher body. Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-section of the crusher body shown; Figure 4 for Figure 3 The diagram shows the structure at point A. Figure 5 for Figure 3 The diagram shows a partial cross-sectional side view of the crusher body. Figure 6 for Figure 5 The diagram shows the structure at point B.

[0014] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Crusher body; 2. Coarse crushing roller; 3. Fine crushing roller; 4. Screening plate; 5. Unblocking rod; 6. Electric push rod; 7. Rack; 8. Gear; 9. Clearance groove; 10. Guide rod; 11. Fixing ring; 12. Motor; 13. Rotating plate; 14. Connecting plate; 15. Outlet plate; 16. Elevator; 17. Guide plate; 18. Conveyor belt. Detailed Implementation

[0015] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model.

[0016] The specific implementation of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0017] Please see Figures 1 to 6A coal gangue pretreatment device includes: a crusher body 1, a screening plate 4, a dredging rod 5, and a drive assembly. The crusher body 1 has coarse crushing rollers 2 and fine crushing rollers 3 symmetrically installed inside, with the fine crushing rollers 3 located below the coarse crushing rollers 2. An inclined screening plate 4 is installed inside the crusher body 1 below the fine crushing rollers 3. Dredging rods 5 are symmetrically arranged below the screening plate 4. A drive assembly is installed between the crusher body 1 and the dredging rods 5, driving the dredging rods. 5. The staggered movement is used to clear the blocked screen holes inside the screening plate 4. The driving assembly includes: an electric push rod 6, a rack 7, and a gear 8. The electric push rod 6 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the crusher body 1. The gear 8 is rotatably connected to the side wall of the crusher body 1. The rack 7 is meshed on both sides of the gear 8. The rack 7 is slidably connected to the side wall of the crusher body 1. The output end of the electric push rod 6 is fixedly connected to the top of one of the racks 7. The side wall of the crusher body 1 is symmetrically provided with clearance grooves 9. The middle of each rack 7 is fixedly connected to... The convex rods, with their other ends passing through the corresponding clearance grooves 9 and fixedly connected to the corresponding unblocking rods 5, are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the screening plate 4. Fixed rings 11 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crusher body 1, with the guide rods 10 positioned inside the corresponding fixed rings 11 and slidably connected to their inner walls. Motors 12 are symmetrically fixedly connected to the side walls of the crusher body 1, with the output ends of the motors 12 extending into the interior of the crusher body 1 and fixedly connected to rotating plates 13. The side walls of the rotating plates 13 are rotatably connected to... The connecting plate 14 has its other end rotatably connected to the bottom end of the corresponding guide rod 10. The side wall of the crusher body 1 is provided with an outlet plate 15 corresponding to the screening plate 4. The side of the crusher body 1 near the outlet plate 15 is fixedly connected to the elevator 16, and the outlet plate 15 is located at the bottom end of the elevator 16. The top side of the elevator 16 is fixedly connected to the guide plate 17. The top side of the crusher body 1 near the elevator 16 is fixedly connected to the conveyor belt 18, and the conveyor belt 18 is located below the guide plate 17.

[0018] It should be noted that: the crusher body 1 is equipped with a drive device on its side wall to provide power for the rotation of the coarse crushing roller 2 and the fine crushing roller 3; the unblocking rod 5 is located below the screening plate 4 and consists of multiple vertical rods with a diameter smaller than the diameter of the screen holes inside the screening plate 4, and corresponds one-to-one with the screen holes; the motor 12 and the electric push rod 6 are existing mature equipment, and the elevator 16 and the conveyor belt 18 are existing mature equipment.

[0019] The working principle of the coal gangue pretreatment device provided by this utility model is as follows: The coal gangue to be processed is fed into the feed port at the top of the crusher body 1. The raw material enters the processing area inside the equipment under the action of gravity. After the equipment is started, the coarse crushing roller 2 and fine crushing roller 3, which are symmetrically installed inside the crusher body 1, begin to rotate synchronously. First, large pieces of coal gangue fall between the coarse crushing roller 2. Through the relative rotation and compression of the two roller shafts, they are crushed into intermediate products with larger particle sizes. The crushed intermediate products fall naturally to the fine crushing roller 3 below. Through its finer tooth structure and higher rotation speed, it is further crushed into smaller particles, preparing for the subsequent screening process. After being processed by the fine crushing roller 3, the coal gangue particles fall onto the inclined screening plate 4 below. At this time, the motor 12, which is symmetrically installed on the side wall of the crusher body 1, starts and its output end extends into the interior of the crusher body 1, driving the fixedly connected rotating plate 13 to make a circular motion. The rotating plate 13 converts the circular motion into reciprocating linear motion through the connecting plate 14 rotatably connected to the side wall, driving the guide rod 10, which is rotatably connected to the other end of the connecting plate 14, to slide up and down along the inner wall of the fixed ring 11. During this process, the fixed ring 11 guides and stabilizes the guide rod 10. The up-and-down movement of the guide rod 10 drives the screening plate 4 to generate high-frequency vibration, which accelerates the sliding of coal gangue particles on the inclined plate surface. At the same time, the vibration inertia causes particles that meet the particle size requirements to pass through the screen holes and fall into the discharge port at the bottom of the crusher body 1. During the screening process, some particles may get stuck in the screen holes of the screening plate 4. At this time, the drive component is started. Specifically, the electric push rod 6 on the side wall of the crusher body 1 starts to run, driving the rack 7, which is fixedly connected to its output end, to slide up and down along the side wall of the equipment. The rack 7 meshes with the gear 8 rotatably connected to the side wall of the crusher body 1. Through the transmission action of the gear 8, the rack 7 on the other side is driven to move in the opposite direction synchronously, that is, when one rack 7 rises, the other falls. The protrusion fixedly connected in the middle of the rack 7 passes through the clearance groove 9 and transmits the motion to the unblocking rod 5 below the screening plate 4, so that the two sets of unblocking rods 5 move up and down alternately. The top of the unblocking rod 5 corresponds to the screen hole inside the screening plate 4. During the movement, it inserts into the blocked screen hole and pushes out the particles stuck in it, so as to avoid the screen hole blockage affecting the screening efficiency. Larger particles that do not pass through the screen holes, including those pushed out by the unblocking rod 5, slide along the inclined surface of the screen plate 4 towards the guide plate 15 on the side wall of the crusher body 1 under the inclination angle and vibration of the screen plate 4. The larger particles that do not pass through the screen holes slide into the feed end of the elevator 16 through the guide plate 15, and the elevator 16 transports them to the top of the equipment. The larger particles that reach the top enter the guide plate 17 fixedly connected to one side of the elevator 16 and slide down the inclined inner wall of the guide plate 17 onto the conveyor belt 18 below. The conveyor belt 18 transports these unqualified particles back to the feed inlet of the crusher body 1 and re-enters the crushing process, realizing cyclic processing until the qualified particle size is reached.

[0020] The above description is merely an embodiment of this utility model and does not limit the patent scope of this utility model. Any equivalent structural or procedural transformations made based on the content of this utility model specification and drawings, or direct or indirect applications in other related technical fields, are similarly included within the patent protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A coal gangue pretreatment device, characterized in that, include: The crusher body (1) has a coarse crushing roller (2) and a fine crushing roller (3) symmetrically installed inside the crusher body (1), and the fine crushing roller (3) is located below the coarse crushing roller (2); The screen plate (4) is installed inside the crusher body (1) below the fine crushing roller (3) with an inclined design. A dredging rod (5) is symmetrically provided below the screening plate (4); A drive assembly is installed between the crusher body (1) and the unblocking rod (5). The drive assembly drives the unblocking rod (5) to move alternately to unblock the screen holes inside the screening plate (4).

2. The coal gangue pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive assembly includes an electric push rod (6), a rack (7) and a gear (8). The electric push rod (6) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the crusher body (1). The gear (8) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the crusher body (1). The rack (7) is meshed on both sides of the gear (8). The rack (7) is slidably connected to the side wall of the crusher body (1). The output end of the electric push rod (6) is fixedly connected to the top of one of the racks (7).

3. The coal gangue pretreatment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The side wall of the crusher body (1) is symmetrically provided with clearance grooves (9), and the middle part of the rack (7) is fixedly connected with a protruding rod, and the other end of the protruding rod passes through the corresponding clearance groove (9) and is fixedly connected to the corresponding unblocking rod (5).

4. The coal gangue pretreatment device according to claim 1, characterized in that, Guide rods (10) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the screening plate (4), and fixed rings (11) are symmetrically fixedly connected to the inner wall of the crusher body (1). The guide rods (10) are all placed inside the corresponding fixed rings (11) and are slidably connected to their inner walls.

5. The coal gangue pretreatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, A motor (12) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the side wall of the crusher body (1). The output end of the motor (12) extends into the interior of the crusher body (1) and is fixedly connected to a rotating plate (13). The side wall of the rotating plate (13) is rotatably connected to a connecting plate (14). The other end of the connecting plate (14) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the corresponding guide rod (10).

6. The coal gangue pretreatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The side wall of the crusher body (1) is provided with an outlet plate (15) corresponding to the screening plate (4). The side of the crusher body (1) near the outlet plate (15) is fixedly connected to the elevator (16), and the outlet plate (15) is located at the bottom of the elevator (16).

7. The coal gangue pretreatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that, A guide plate (17) is fixedly connected to one side of the top of the elevator (16), and a conveyor belt (18) is fixedly connected to the top of the side of the crusher body (1) near the elevator (16), and the conveyor belt (18) is located below the guide plate (17).

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