Centrifuge for extracting exchangeable base ions from soil

Abstract

The utility model discloses a centrifugal machine is used in exchangeable soil base ion extraction relates to centrifugal machine technical field, the utility model discloses a centrifugal machine body, centrifugal disc and centrifugal motor, the bottom of centrifugal disc is installed with the mounting chassis, the positioning mounting plate is sleeved on the pivot of centrifugal motor, the mounting chassis is fixedly installed on the positioning mounting plate, be equipped with the jack plug of different specification centrifugal tube to the multiple turns on centrifugal disc, be equipped with the detection component of detection whether centrifugal disc is balanced on centrifugal machine body inboard wall, the centrifugal machine body top is equipped with the protection flap, centrifugal machine body 1 front side is equipped with operating panel. The utility model discloses being equipped with the multiple turns different specification centrifugal tube hole on centrifugal disc, can match multiple specification centrifugal tube and place centrifugal operation, still be equipped with the detection component of check whether leveling, solved the existing centrifugal disc only to adapt to one kind of specification centrifugal tube, do not have the problem such as detection whether leveling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of centrifuge technology, and in particular relates to a centrifuge for extracting exchangeable basic ions from soil. Background Technology

[0002] Exchangeable basic ions in normal soil exist primarily in two forms: adsorbed and dissolved (in soil solution), with these two forms in dynamic equilibrium. The adsorbed form is the most prevalent, and common ions include calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium ions. The existing extraction method is the ammonium acetate exchange method. This method works by thoroughly mixing and shaking an ammonium acetate solution with the soil sample, allowing exchangeable basic ions adsorbed on the soil colloid surface to enter the solution through ion exchange. The advantages of this method are its simplicity, good reproducibility, and ability to be combined with cation exchange capacity determination. Furthermore, ammonium acetate is readily soluble in water and easily separated, without interfering with subsequent ion measurements. The disadvantages are that for certain special soils (such as acidic soils rich in iron and aluminum oxides), some non-exchangeable basic ions may dissolve, leading to inflated results. Additionally, detecting exchangeable basic ions in acidic soils requires extensive centrifugation to obtain valid data, and different soil samples may require centrifuge tubes of varying capacities (specifications). Traditional centrifuges, with their discs designed for centrifuge tubes of different sizes, can only handle one type of tube and cannot centrifuge other tubes without changing the discs. Furthermore, if the centrifuge tubes are not leveled during centrifugation (misaligned placement), it can damage the centrifuge motor shaft. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a centrifuge for extracting exchangeable base ions from soil. By having multiple rings of centrifuge tube holes of different sizes on the centrifuge disc, it can accommodate centrifuge tubes of various sizes for centrifugation. It also has a detection component to check whether the centrifuge is level, which solves the problem that existing centrifuge discs can only accommodate centrifuge tubes of one size and do not have the function of detecting whether the centrifuge is level.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution: This utility model relates to a centrifuge for extracting exchangeable base ions from soil, comprising a centrifuge body, a centrifuge disc, and a centrifuge motor. The centrifuge body is provided with a centrifuge tank, and a motor slot is provided at the center of the bottom of the centrifuge tank. The centrifuge motor is fixedly inserted into the motor slot. A mounting base is installed at the bottom of the centrifuge disc, and a positioning mounting plate is fitted on the rotating shaft of the centrifuge motor. The mounting base is fixedly installed on the positioning mounting plate. The centrifuge disc is provided with multiple rings of insertion holes for centrifuge tubes of different sizes. A detection component for detecting whether the centrifuge disc is level is provided on the inner side wall of the centrifuge body. A protective flip cover is provided on the top of the centrifuge body, and an operation panel is provided on the front side of the centrifuge body.

[0005] The present invention is further configured such that the centrifuge disc is in the shape of an inverted frustum, and the centrifuge disc is provided with a centrifuge tube groove. The upper half of the centrifuge tube groove is a dodecahedral inverted truncated pyramidal groove, and the lower half is a hexagonal inverted truncated pyramidal groove. Each side wall of the dodecahedral inverted truncated pyramidal groove has a small centrifuge tube hole that slopes downwards, and each side wall of the hexagonal inverted truncated pyramidal groove has a large centrifuge tube hole that slopes downwards. The bottom of the centrifuge disc is a mounting base.

[0006] The present invention is further configured such that a bolt hole is provided at the center of the mounting chassis, and four positioning holes are evenly distributed around the bolt hole.

[0007] The present invention is further configured such that the positioning mounting plate includes a disc, bolt posts and positioning posts, the bottom center of the disc is fixed on the rotating shaft of the centrifugal motor, the bolt posts are fixed at the center of the upper surface of the disc, and four positioning posts matching the positioning holes are evenly distributed around the bolt posts on the upper surface of the disc.

[0008] The present invention is further configured such that the detection component includes a first ranging probe and a second ranging probe, wherein the first ranging probe is aligned with the bottom end of the small centrifuge tube orifice, and the second ranging probe is aligned with the bottom end of the large centrifuge tube orifice.

[0009] The present invention is further configured such that the centrifuge body is provided with an early warning module. When the centrifuge motor starts working, it first rotates at a constant speed of 60-80 revolutions per minute for 30 seconds. If the first and second ranging probes detect that the centrifuge tubes are not symmetrically distributed, the early warning module will issue an alarm and stop the centrifuge motor from running.

[0010] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. This utility model has multiple rings of centrifuge tube holes (two rings are shown in the attached figure), which can hold centrifuge tubes of various sizes. Without disassembling the centrifuge plate, centrifugation and extraction operations can be performed on various centrifuge tubes, greatly improving the efficiency of centrifuging a large number of samples.

[0011] 2. The present invention is equipped with a detection component that can detect whether the centrifuge tubes on the centrifuge tray are symmetrically balanced. When asymmetrical balance is found, an alarm will be issued and the operation will be stopped.

[0012] Of course, any product implementing this utility model does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a centrifuge for extracting exchangeable base ions from soil.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a centrifuge for extracting exchangeable basic ions from soil.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the centrifuge disc.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a centrifugal motor.

[0018] The attached diagram lists the components represented by each number as follows: 1. Centrifuge body; 11. Control panel; 2. Centrifuge disc; 21. Dodecahedral inverted boss-shaped groove; 211. Small centrifuge tube hole; 22. Hexagonal inverted boss-shaped groove; 221. Large centrifuge tube hole; 23. Mounting base; 231. Bolt hole; 232. Positioning round hole; 3. Protective flip cover; 4. Detection component; 5. Centrifuge motor; 50. Nut; 51. Disc; 511. Bolt post; 512. Positioning post. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-4This utility model relates to a centrifuge for extracting exchangeable base ions from soil, comprising a centrifuge body 1, a centrifuge disc 2, and a centrifuge motor 5. The centrifuge body 1 is provided with a centrifuge tank, and a motor slot is provided at the center of the bottom of the centrifuge tank. The centrifuge motor 5 is fixedly inserted into the motor slot. A mounting base 23 is installed at the bottom of the centrifuge disc 2. A positioning mounting plate is fitted on the rotating shaft of the centrifuge motor 5. The mounting base 23 is fixedly installed on the positioning mounting plate. The centrifuge disc 2 is provided with multiple rings of insertion holes for centrifuge tubes of different specifications. A detection component 4 for detecting whether the centrifuge disc 2 is level is provided on the inner side wall of the centrifuge body 1. A protective flip cover 3 is provided on the top of the centrifuge body 1. An operation panel 11 is provided on the front side of the centrifuge body 1.

[0021] After preparing the centrifuge tubes of different sizes containing the solution, insert them into centrifuge tray 2 as needed (make sure they are placed symmetrically). The insertion holes for each ring of centrifuge tubes should be symmetrical. This allows for centrifugation of various sizes of centrifuge tubes without replacing centrifuge tray 2. At the start of the centrifugation process, run the machine at low speed to check for symmetrical placement. If symmetrical placement is not achieved, an alarm will sound and the machine will stop.

[0022] The centrifuge tray 2 is shaped like an inverted frustum. The centrifuge tray 2 is provided with centrifuge tube grooves. The upper half of the centrifuge tube grooves is a dodecahedral inverted convex groove 21, and the lower half is a hexagonal inverted convex groove 22. Each side wall of the dodecahedral inverted convex groove 21 has a small centrifuge tube hole 211 that is inclined downwards. Each side wall of the hexagonal inverted convex groove 22 has a large centrifuge tube hole 221 that is inclined downwards. The bottom of the centrifuge tray 2 is a mounting base 23.

[0023] like Figure 3 As shown, the dodecahedral inverted boss-shaped groove 21 and the hexagonal inverted boss-shaped groove 22 can ensure that the small centrifuge tube hole 211 and the large centrifuge tube hole 221 are set with the vertical sidewall facing downwards and can be symmetrically distributed.

[0024] The mounting base 23 has a bolt hole 231 at its center, and four positioning holes 232 are evenly distributed around the bolt hole 231. The bolt hole 231 is used for fixing, and the positioning holes 232 are used for positioning to prevent the mounting base 23 from shaking when rotating.

[0025] The positioning mounting plate includes a disc 51, bolt posts 511 and positioning posts 512. The bottom center of the disc 51 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the centrifugal motor 5. The bolt posts 511 are fixed at the center of the upper surface of the disc 51. Four positioning posts 512 matching the positioning holes 232 are evenly distributed around the bolt posts 511 on the upper surface of the disc 51.

[0026] The bolt post 511 is inserted into the bolt hole 231 and then tightened with the nut 50. The four positioning posts 512 are inserted into the four positioning holes 232, so that the disc 51 and the mounting base 23 will not rotate relative to each other.

[0027] The detection component 4 includes a first ranging probe and a second ranging probe. The first ranging probe is aligned with the bottom of the small centrifuge tube hole 211, and the second ranging probe is aligned with the bottom of the large centrifuge tube hole 221.

[0028] The ranging probe is a laser ranging probe, which measures the distance when the centrifuge tube passes by. When no centrifuge tube passes by, the distance to the outer wall of the centrifuge plate 2 is measured. When the centrifuge tube passes by, the distance to the centrifuge tube is measured. When the centrifuge tube is exposed on the centrifuge plate 2, the distance will be shorter. The time interval of measuring the same shortened distance is used to determine whether it is symmetrical.

[0029] The centrifuge body 1 is equipped with an early warning module. When the centrifuge motor 5 starts working, it first rotates at a constant speed of 60-80 revolutions per minute for 30 seconds. If the first and second ranging probes detect that the centrifuge tubes are not symmetrically distributed, the early warning module will issue an alarm and stop the centrifuge motor 5 from running.

[0030] For a symmetrical distribution, two centrifuge tubes need to be measured at the same time interval, three centrifuge tubes also need to be measured at the same time interval, and four centrifuge tubes need to be measured at the same time interval for all four tubes or at the same time interval for each pair of tubes. The system has a pre-stored database of standard time intervals for calibrating different numbers of centrifuge tubes. By comparing the real-time detected time intervals with the standard database, the system determines whether the centrifuge tubes are symmetrically distributed.

[0031] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "an embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0032] The preferred embodiments of this utility model disclosed above are merely illustrative of the present utility model. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the utility model to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of this utility model, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it. This utility model is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A centrifuge for extracting exchangeable base ions from soil, characterized in that: The centrifuge includes a centrifuge body (1), a centrifuge tray (2), and a centrifuge motor (5). The centrifuge body (1) is provided with a centrifuge tank, and a motor slot is provided at the center of the bottom of the centrifuge tank. The centrifuge motor (5) is fixedly inserted into the motor slot. A mounting base (23) is installed at the bottom of the centrifuge tray (2). A positioning mounting plate is fitted on the shaft of the centrifuge motor (5). The mounting base (23) is fixedly installed on the positioning mounting plate. The centrifuge tray (2) is provided with multiple insertion holes for centrifuge tubes of different specifications. A detection component (4) for detecting whether the centrifuge tray (2) is level is provided on the inner side wall of the centrifuge body (1). A protective flip cover (3) is provided on the top of the centrifuge body (1). An operation panel (11) is provided on the front side of the centrifuge body (1).

2. A centrifuge for extracting exchangeable base ions from soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The centrifuge tray (2) is in the shape of an inverted frustum. The centrifuge tray (2) is provided with centrifuge tube grooves. The upper half of the centrifuge tube groove is a dodecahedral inverted convex groove (21), and the lower half is a hexagonal inverted convex groove (22). Each side wall of the dodecahedral inverted convex groove (21) has a small centrifuge tube hole (211) that is inclined downwards. Each side wall of the hexagonal inverted convex groove (22) has a large centrifuge tube hole (221) that is inclined downwards. The bottom of the centrifuge tray (2) is a mounting base (23).

3. A centrifuge for extracting exchangeable base ions from soil according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting chassis (23) has a bolt hole (231) at its center, and four positioning holes (232) are evenly distributed around the bolt hole (231).

4. A centrifuge for extracting exchangeable base ions from soil according to claim 3, characterized in that, The positioning mounting plate includes a disc (51), bolt posts (511) and positioning posts (512). The bottom center of the disc (51) is fixed on the rotating shaft of the centrifugal motor (5). The bolt posts (511) are fixed at the center of the upper surface of the disc (51). Four positioning posts (512) matching the positioning holes (232) are evenly distributed around the bolt posts (511) on the upper surface of the disc (51).

5. A centrifuge for extracting exchangeable base ions from soil according to claim 2, characterized in that, The detection component (4) includes a first ranging probe and a second ranging probe. The first ranging probe is aligned with the bottom of the small centrifuge tube hole (211), and the second ranging probe is aligned with the bottom of the large centrifuge tube hole (221).

6. A centrifuge for extracting exchangeable base ions from soil according to claim 5, characterized in that, The centrifuge body (1) is equipped with an early warning module. When the centrifuge motor (5) starts working, it first rotates at a constant speed of 60-80 revolutions / min for 30 seconds. When the first and second ranging probes detect that the centrifuge tubes are not symmetrically distributed, the early warning module will issue an alarm and stop the centrifuge motor (5) from running.

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