A stone soil separating device

Abstract

The utility model relates to an earth and stone separating device, which relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and comprises a plough tooth, a grid transmission case, a rib plate support, a rotary conveying grid, a collecting box and wheels, wherein the collecting box is a bucket-shaped container with an open side, the bottom of the collecting box is provided with the wheels, two groups of parallelly arranged rib plate supports are connected with the collecting box, an inclined rotary conveying grid is arranged between the two groups of rib plate supports, the highest part of the rotary conveying grid is opposite to the opening of the collecting box, the grid transmission case is arranged on the rib plate support and can drive the rotary conveying grid to convey the objects on the upper surface of the rotary conveying grid from the lowest part to the highest part, and the plough tooth is fixedly arranged between the two groups of rib plate supports away from the opening of the collecting box. Before the earth is sent into the rotary conveying grid, the excavated earth is preliminarily separated and screened by using the rotary soil separating screen, the large soil groups are divided into small soil groups, the adhesion of the soil groups to the stones is effectively broken, and the efficient separation of the earth and stones is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a stone and soil separation device. Background Technology

[0002] my country's hilly and mountainous areas have approximately 640 million mu of arable land, accounting for 28.6% of the country's total arable land area. However, after high-standard farmland renovation, three core obstacles have been exposed: gravel enrichment, fragmented fields, and heavy clay soil. Geological surveys show that the blasting leveling method results in a gravel density of 3-5 pieces / m2 in the topsoil (4.2±0.8 pieces / m2 in the purple soil area of ​​eastern Sichuan, and 18.7% gravel content in the basalt area of ​​Panzhihua). The field area is mainly 2-5 mu (accounting for 72.3%), and the field ridge height is 1.2-1.8m, forcing agricultural machinery to have a minimum turning radius of <4m. At the same time, the clay content is >30% (reaching 35.4% in the hilly areas of central Sichuan). When the moisture content after rain is >25%, the soil penetration resistance increases sharply to 1.8MPa, causing tractor wheel rut depths to exceed 12cm and a sinking rate of 40.7%. Large equipment such as the Spanish TEGNA DAM-240, with a width of 2.4m and a length of 5.3m, cannot complete U-turns in the terraced fields of northern Sichuan, forcing them to use segmented reversing operations, reducing efficiency by 60%. While the tracked stone-picking machine (patent CN202321603965) has been narrowed to 1.8m, its 120-horsepower power requirement on a 15° slope leads to a 35% surge in fuel consumption, and its high center of gravity increases the risk of tipping over by three times. The "soil crushing-screening" triple-unit machine (patent CN207639101U) weighs 2.3 tons, with a ground pressure exceeding 120kPa (exceeding the soil bearing capacity threshold of 80kPa), causing compaction and hardening of the thin soil layer (<30cm) and the subsoil layer, reducing the depth of corn roots by 42%. The synchronous belt conveyor in patent CN202321603965, with an elevation angle of only 38°, experiences a clay adhesion force of 4.5 kN / m² when the clay moisture content is >25%, causing the clay layer on the conveyor belt surface to thicken at a rate of 3 mm / min, resulting in a blockage rate exceeding 80% after 30 minutes of operation. The vibrating screen in patent CN207639102U has an amplitude >5 mm but an instantaneous impact force of only 2.8 kN (below the 5 kN threshold for breaking compacted clay), causing clay clumps to encase stones as they pass through the screen, resulting in a soil content as high as 17.3% (standard ≤6%). The manganese steel shovel in patent CN201947614U has a bottom contact rate of 61.7% and a disturbance depth of 38 cm in thin-layer operations, exceeding the 25 cm upper limit for the cultivated layer, leading to an increase in soil erosion of 200 tons / km². Furthermore, existing equipment relies on manual spot checks for cleaning rates, with an error >30%; signal obstruction in hilly areas causes GPS positioning deviations exceeding 5 m, making it impossible to accurately record the operational trajectory. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a miniaturized stone-soil separation and picking machine that can fully adapt to the complex land environment of hilly areas, in order to solve the problem of the difficulty in recycling stones in hilly areas. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of this, the present invention proposes a stone and soil separation device, which is lightweight, highly adaptable, and highly efficient in separating soil and stones, and can fully meet the needs of stone and soil separation in hilly areas.

[0004] This utility model discloses a stone and soil separation device, comprising plow teeth, a grid transmission box, a rib support, a rotary conveyor grid, a collection box, and wheels, wherein: The collection box is a bucket-shaped container with an opening on one side and wheels at the bottom; Two sets of parallel rib plate supports are connected to the collection box, and one of the openings between the two sets of rib plate supports is directly opposite the opening of the collection box. A rotary conveyor grid is inclinedly installed between the two sets of rib supports, with the highest point of the rotary conveyor grid facing the opening of the collection box. The grid transmission box is mounted on the rib support and is connected to the rotary conveyor grid and the external power source respectively, so that the grid transmission box can drive the rotary conveyor grid to transport the objects on its upper surface from the lowest point to the highest point. The plow teeth are inclined and fixedly positioned between the two sets of rib supports at the opening away from the collection box, with their highest point contacting the lowest point of the rotary conveyor grid.

[0005] One embodiment of the present invention is that a rotating soil separator is provided between the two sets of rib plate supports. The rotating soil separator is a rotating shaft with screen teeth. The rotating shaft is arranged perpendicular to the two sets of rib plate supports. The screen teeth are distributed radially along the rotating shaft and are located above the plow teeth.

[0006] Furthermore, the rib plate support is equipped with a soil separating screen transmission box, which is connected to the rotary soil separating screen and an external power source.

[0007] Furthermore, the rib plate support is also equipped with a universal drive shaft, which is connected to an external power source through a drive rod, and is connected to the soil separator drive box and the grid drive box respectively.

[0008] In one embodiment of the present invention, a perforated plate is inclinedly arranged between the two sets of rib supports, which is located above the rotary conveying grid and parallel to the upper surface of the rotary conveying grid.

[0009] Furthermore, the vertical distance between the slotted plate and the upper surface of the rotary conveyor grid is no more than 1 cm.

[0010] One embodiment of the present invention is that the grid transmission box includes a first transmission wheel and a second transmission wheel, wherein the first transmission wheel is connected to a universal transmission shaft, the second transmission wheel is connected to the transmission wheel of the rotary conveying grid, and the first transmission wheel and the second transmission wheel are connected by a conveyor belt.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, the wheel is connected to the collection box via a suspension mechanism.

[0012] The technical effects achieved by this utility model are: 1. Before the excavated soil is fed into the rotary conveyor grid, the present invention uses a rotary soil separator to pre-separate and screen the excavated soil, dividing larger soil clumps into smaller soil clumps and straightening the stones, effectively breaking the adhesion of soil clumps to stones, and ensuring efficient separation of soil and stone in the subsequent process.

[0013] 2. The soil and rock separation structure in the entire device is simple, and there is no need to introduce large mechanical structures, which makes the device lightweight, ensures the flexibility of the device, and can fully adapt to the complex terrain of hilly areas. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall design of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the grille transmission box in this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotary conveyor grid in this utility model; In the diagram: 1-plow teeth, 2-rotary soil separator, 3-drive rod, 4-universal drive shaft, 5-soil separator drive box, 6-grid drive box, 61-first drive wheel, 62-second drive wheel, 7-rib plate support, 8-slot plate, 9-rotary conveying grid, 10-collection box, 11-drive chain, 12-suspension mechanism, 13-wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0017] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The detailed description of the embodiments of this utility model provided in the drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed utility model, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the utility model.

[0018] Example: See Figure 1 A stone and soil separation device includes plow teeth 1, a grid transmission box 6, a rib support 7, a rotary conveyor grid 9, a collection box 10, and wheels 13, wherein: The collection box 10 is a bucket-shaped container with an opening on one side, used to hold stones after the soil has been separated. The bottom of the collection box 10 is equipped with wheels 13, which allows the whole device to move. The wheels 13 are connected to the collection box 10 through the suspension mechanism 12, which is beneficial for the whole device to move in hilly areas with complex terrain. Two sets of parallel rib plate supports 7 are connected to the collection box 10, and one opening between the two sets of rib plate supports 7 is directly opposite the opening of the collection box 10. The parallel rib plate supports 7 can form a basic support for other equipment. See [reference needed]. Figure 3 A rotary conveyor grid 9 is inclinedly arranged between two sets of rib support 7. The highest point of the rotary conveyor grid 9 is directly opposite the opening of the collection box 10. The basic structure of the rotary conveyor grid 9 can refer to the rotary grid conveying equipment in the prior art. It consists of transmission chains 11 on both sides and grid rods in the middle. When the transmission chains 11 move, the entire grid rod will move. In this embodiment, when the rotary conveyor grid 9 moves, the movement direction of its upper surface should be from bottom to top along the inclined surface towards the collection box 10. This can transport the stones above the grid to the collection box 10. Similarly, the material transfer method of the grid conveying equipment in the prior art can be referred to. During this process, the soil will fall along the gaps in the rotary conveyor grid 9, thereby separating the soil and stones. In addition, some grid rods protruding from the surface of the rotary conveyor grid 9 can be set on the grid to support the stones, so as to improve the transportation effect of the stones.

[0019] See Figure 1 , Figure 2 The grid transmission box 6 is mounted on the rib support 7 and is connected to the rotary conveying grid 9 and the external power source respectively, so that the grid transmission box 6 can drive the rotary conveying grid 9 to transport the object on its upper surface from the lowest point to the highest point. In this embodiment, the rib support 7 is also provided with a universal drive shaft 4, which is connected to the external power source through the transmission rod 3, and is connected to the soil separating screen transmission box 5 and the grid transmission box 6 respectively, so that the external power source can be connected to the soil separating screen transmission box 5 and the grid transmission box 6 respectively.

[0020] The grid transmission box 6 includes a first transmission wheel 61 and a second transmission wheel 62. The first transmission wheel 61 is connected to the universal drive shaft 4, and the second transmission wheel 62 is connected to the transmission wheel of the rotary conveyor grid 9. The first transmission wheel 61 and the second transmission wheel 62 are connected by a conveyor belt. The dual transmission wheel structure is similar to the transmission structure in the prior art, which can transmit the power of the universal drive shaft 4 to the transmission chain 11 to drive the rotary conveyor grid 9 to rotate.

[0021] The internal structure of the soil separating screen transmission box 5 on the rib support 7 is similar to that of the grid transmission box 6. Its main function is to provide power to the rotating soil separating screen 2. The rotating soil separating screen 2 is a rotating shaft with screen teeth, which is set perpendicular to the two sets of rib supports 7. Figure 1 As can be seen, the rotating shaft of the rotary soil separator 2 is parallel to the grid bar in the rotary conveyor grid 9. The screen teeth are radially spaced along the rotating shaft and are located above the plow teeth 1. When the power of the soil separator transmission box 5 is transmitted to the rotary soil separator 2, the rotary soil separator 2 rotates, causing the screen teeth on it to rotate around the shaft. The rotation direction of the screen teeth can be set as needed, preferably in the same direction as the movement direction of the upper surface of the rotary conveyor grid 9. During its rotation, it can perform preliminary screening of the mixed soil and stones, straightening the stones to the middle of the adjacent screen teeth, and cutting large clumps of soil into smaller pieces, reducing the adhesion of soil to stones, which is beneficial for further separation of stones and soil on the rotary conveyor grid 9. In addition, the vibration generated by the rotary soil separator 2 during rotation is also beneficial for separating soil and stones.

[0022] The plow teeth 1 are inclined and fixedly installed between the two sets of rib brackets 7 at the opening away from the collection box 10. The highest point of the plow teeth 1 contacts the lowest point of the rotary conveying grid 9. The plow teeth 1 are used to scoop up soil and stones during the movement of the device. After the soil carrying stones is scooped up, it moves along the upper surface of the plow teeth 1 to its highest point, and then enters the rotary conveying grid 9 and is sent to the collection box 10.

[0023] In this embodiment, a perforated plate 8 is also inclinedly arranged between the two sets of rib support 7. The perforated plate 8 is located above the rotary conveying grid 9 and is parallel to the upper surface of the rotary conveying grid 9. The vertical distance between the perforated plate 8 and the upper surface of the rotary conveying grid 9 is no more than 1 cm, so that the perforated plate 8 can be closely attached to the upper surface of the rotary conveying grid 9 without making contact, thus avoiding the perforated plate 8 from hindering the rotation of the rotary conveying grid 9. After the perforated plate 8 comes into contact with soil and stones, the stones can pass through the perforated plate 8 completely under the support of the rotary conveying grid 9 without being affected by the perforated plate 8. When the aggregated soil comes into contact with the perforated plate 8, it is pushed down by the perforated plate 8 and falls through the holes of the perforated plate 8. This allows for further separation of soil and stones at the rotary conveying grid 9, improving the separation effect for both.

[0024] In use, the transmission rod 3 is connected to a power source located in front of the separating device, and the separating device is connected to a traction device. The separating device moves forward as a whole, and the suspension mechanism 12 on it allows the device to move in complex hilly terrain. The plow teeth 1 plow the soil containing stones to its top and into the rotary conveying grid 9. The output power is transmitted sequentially from the transmission rod 3 and the universal drive shaft 4 to the soil separating screen transmission box 5 and the grid transmission box 6, which in turn drive the rotating soil separating screen 2 and the rotary conveying grid 9 to work.

[0025] The rotary soil separator 2 operates by rotating around an axis, while the rotary conveying grid 9 operates by transporting stones obliquely from bottom to top. The stones and soil located at the top of the plow teeth 1 are moved upward by the rotary conveying grid 9. During the rotation of the rotary soil separator 2 above the plow teeth 1, the screen teeth cut the agglomerates formed by the stones and soil, initially separating most of the soil and stones, and guiding the position of the stones into the gaps between the screen teeth, avoiding the stones in different positions from squeezing and colliding with each other, which is conducive to transporting the stones. After initial separation, the soil and stones enter the rotary conveyor grid 9 and move upward. Based on existing technology, it is known that the rotary grid conveyor will inevitably generate some vibration during operation. This vibration, combined with the soil's own gravity, fully separates the soil from the stones. The soil falls back to the ground through the gaps between the rotary conveyor grids 9, while the stones are sent into the collection box 10 by the rotary conveyor grids 9. In addition, a perforated plate 8 is fixedly installed above the upper surface of the rotary conveyor grid 9 to further assist in separating the soil and stones. Thus, during operation, the device can separate stones and soil while moving, thereby achieving efficient separation of stones and soil.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. They should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0027] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the embodiments of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A stone-soil separation device, characterized in that, Includes plow teeth (1), grid transmission box (6), rib support (7), rotary conveyor grid (9), collection box (10), and wheels (13), wherein: The collection box (10) is a bucket-shaped container with an opening on one side and wheels (13) at the bottom. Two sets of parallel rib brackets (7) are connected to the collection box (10), and one of the openings between the two sets of rib brackets (7) is directly opposite the opening of the collection box (10); A rotary conveyor grid (9) is inclinedly arranged between the two sets of rib plate supports (7), and the highest point of the rotary conveyor grid (9) is directly opposite the opening of the collection box (10); The grid transmission box (6) is mounted on the rib support (7), and is connected to the rotary conveyor grid (9) and the external power source respectively, so that the grid transmission box (6) can drive the rotary conveyor grid (9) to transport the objects on its upper surface from the lowest point to the highest point; The plow teeth (1) are fixedly and inclined between the two sets of rib brackets (7) at the opening away from the collection box (10), and their highest point is in contact with the lowest point of the rotary conveyor grid (9).

2. The stone and soil separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rotating soil separator (2) is also provided between the two sets of rib plate supports (7). The rotating soil separator (2) is a rotating shaft with screen teeth. The rotating shaft is set perpendicular to the two sets of rib plate supports (7). The screen teeth are distributed radially along the rotating shaft and are located above the plow teeth (1).

3. The stone-soil separation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The rib support (7) is equipped with a soil separating screen transmission box (5), which is connected to the rotating soil separating screen (2) and an external power source.

4. The stone-soil separation device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rib support (7) is also provided with a universal drive shaft (4), which is connected to an external power source through a transmission rod (3), and is connected to the soil separator transmission box (5) and the grid transmission box (6) respectively.

5. The stone and soil separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A perforated plate (8) is also inclinedly arranged between the two sets of rib plate supports (7). The perforated plate (8) is located above the rotary conveyor grid (9) and is parallel to the upper surface of the rotary conveyor grid (9).

6. The stone and soil separation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vertical distance between the sluice plate (8) and the upper surface of the rotary conveyor grid (9) is no more than 1 cm.

7. A stone and soil separation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The grid transmission box (6) includes a first transmission wheel (61) and a second transmission wheel (62). The first transmission wheel (61) is connected to the universal transmission shaft (4), and the second transmission wheel (62) is connected to the transmission wheel of the rotary conveyor grid (9). The first transmission wheel (61) and the second transmission wheel (62) are connected by a conveyor belt.

8. A stone and soil separation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel (13) is connected to the collection box (10) via a suspension mechanism (12).

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