Particulate exhaust filtration device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of granule waste removal filtering devices, including sieve material cylinder and the air supply head of detachably being equipped in the filter cylinder bottom, the sieve material cylinder is sequentially included from below to above in it and is separated circulating cavity, discharge cavity, isolation cavity, multiple piston mechanisms are equipped in the discharge cavity, the on-off of control discharge cavity with circulating cavity, the hollow filter stick corresponding the number of piston mechanism is provided in the upper portion of circulating cavity, uniform flow plate and uniform flow cylinder are equipped in the bottom of circulating cavity, the air supply head is equipped in the bottom of circulating cavity, air supply from the air supply head to the circulating cavity, feeding port is opened on the lateral wall of circulating cavity, discharge port is opened on the lateral wall of discharge cavity, and suction mechanism is connected to the discharge port;Efficient, uniform fluidization and filtration are realized, and waste removal efficiency is significantly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mechanical equipment manufacturing, and in particular to a particulate waste removal filtration device. Background Technology

[0002] In the refining of particulate materials in industries such as pharmaceuticals, chemicals, and food, effectively separating and removing process dust and waste gas mixed in with the raw materials is a crucial step in ensuring the purity, quality, and safety of the final product. Currently, the widely used airflow screening or fluidized bed filtration devices have failed to properly address the synergistic issues of "airflow organization, functional isolation, and process control," resulting in systemic technical defects that make it difficult for their overall performance to meet the demands of efficient, stable, and clean production.

[0003] Specifically, to achieve material fluidization, a uniform and stable airflow needs to be introduced from the bottom. Conversely, to remove dust, a negative pressure suction needs to be created after the filter element. In traditional equipment, these two processes often share the same airflow path and lack effective isolation. This results in a significant amount of airflow energy used for fluidizing the material being directly lost through the waste discharge channel, failing to fully utilize the entire particle bed and creating an "airflow short circuit." This not only wastes energy but also leads to insufficient agitation of the particle material and low dust lifting efficiency, severely limiting the upper limit of filtration efficiency. Furthermore, because the filtration zone and waste discharge zone cannot be reliably isolated, collected dust is prone to backflow during shutdown, feeding, or discharging, causing secondary contamination of the clean material and creating difficulties for equipment maintenance and process control. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a novel particulate waste removal filtration device that can fundamentally optimize the internal airflow organization and achieve synergy and decoupling of fluidization, filtration and waste discharge processes, thereby significantly improving dust removal efficiency while ensuring operational reliability and avoiding cross-contamination.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a particle waste removal filtration device, comprising a screening cylinder and a detachable air supply head disposed at the bottom of the filter cylinder. The screening cylinder comprises, from bottom to top, a separated circulation chamber, a discharge chamber, and an isolation chamber. The discharge chamber is provided with multiple piston mechanisms to control the opening and closing of the discharge chamber and the circulation chamber. Hollow filter rods corresponding to the number of piston mechanisms are disposed above the circulation chamber. A flow equalization plate and a flow equalization cylinder are disposed at the bottom of the circulation chamber. The air supply head is disposed at the bottom of the circulation chamber and supplies air into the circulation chamber from the air supply head. A feed inlet is provided on the side wall of the circulation chamber, and a waste discharge outlet is provided on the side wall of the discharge chamber. A suction mechanism is connected to the waste discharge outlet.

[0006] As a further improvement of the present invention, the piston mechanism includes an air cylinder, an air rod, and a piston head. The air rod is disposed inside the air cylinder, and the piston head is sleeved on one end of the air rod and movably disposed at the bottom of the air cylinder. A limiting groove is provided on the inner wall of the air cylinder, and the piston head moves within the limiting groove. The piston head is located at the top of the hollow filter rod.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model, the other end of the air rod extends upward into the isolation cavity and is connected to an air pipe connector, and the side wall of the air rod is provided with multiple air outlet holes.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, the discharge chamber and the isolation chamber are separated by a partition plate, the air cylinder is located at the bottom of the partition plate, and an air passage is provided on the partition plate for the air rod to be inserted into the air cylinder.

[0009] As a further improvement of the present invention, the circulation cavity is composed of an inverted frustum structure at the bottom and a cylindrical structure extending upward along the inverted frustum. The cylindrical structure is separated from the discharge cavity by a discharge partition. A material channel corresponding to the hollow filter rod is provided through the discharge partition. The top end of the hollow filter rod is threadedly connected to the material channel, and the material channel communicates with the inner cavity of the hollow filter rod.

[0010] As a further improvement of the present invention, the feed inlet is opened on the side wall of the inverted frustum structure. A flow equalization plate and a flow guide cylinder are detachably provided at the bottom of the inverted frustum structure. A guide tube is provided in the middle of the flow equalization plate, and multiple air holes are provided around the guide tube. The flow guide cylinder is supported above the flow equalization plate by a bracket and is sleeved outside the guide tube. There is a gap between the guide tube and the inner wall of the flow guide cylinder.

[0011] As a further improvement of this utility model, the air supply head is detachably disposed at the bottom of the inverted frustum structure, and the flow equalization plate is clamped at the junction of the inverted frustum structure and the air supply head, and is fastened to the outside of the air supply head and the inverted frustum structure by a clamp.

[0012] As a further improvement of this utility model, the bracket is provided with a groove, the inner wall of the groove is provided with a slot, the bottom inner wall of the guide tube is provided with a block, the guide tube is inserted into the groove, and the block engages with the slot.

[0013] As a further improvement of this utility model, the number of hollow filter rods is 3-5.

[0014] As a further improvement of this utility model, the screening cylinder has a transparent observation area on the circulation cavity section.

[0015] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the particle waste removal filtration device of this utility model, through its unique structural design, achieves the synergy and decoupling of the "fluidization, filtration and waste discharge" processes within the device, thereby bringing the following significant beneficial effects: This invention achieves efficient and uniform fluidization and filtration, significantly improving waste removal efficiency. Through the coordinated design of the bottom air supply head, flow equalization plate, and guide tube, a stable and uniform internal circulating airflow field is formed within the circulation chamber, ensuring that particulate materials are fully and gently agitated, allowing for complete dust release. Simultaneously, the combination of hollow filter rods and active / intermittent suction establishes a dominant airflow path from the particle bed to the filter rods, effectively avoiding "airflow short-circuiting." This allows the raised dust to be efficiently captured and guided into the discharge chamber, thereby significantly improving filtration efficiency and consistency.

[0016] This design achieves process control and isolation, fundamentally avoiding cross-contamination. Through a piston mechanism located within the discharge chamber, the connection between the circulation chamber and the discharge chamber can be actively and reliably controlled. It opens during filtration to ensure unobstructed flow and closes during shutdown or discharge to create an airtight barrier. This design completely solves the problem of dust backflow in traditional devices, effectively ensuring the purity of clean materials and improving the operating environment.

[0017] The overall ease of operation and maintainability of the equipment has been improved. The modular and detachable design, including the air supply head, flow equalization plate assembly and hollow filter rod, makes the removal of particulate materials, as well as the cleaning and replacement of parts inside the equipment, extremely simple, greatly reducing maintenance costs and time, and improving equipment utilization. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the particulate waste removal filtration device of this utility model.

[0019] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of a particulate waste removal filter device.

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-section of the circulation chamber.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a partially enlarged sectional view of the piston mechanism and the hollow filter rod.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the clamp structure.

[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the support and guide tube structure.

[0024] Figure 7 This is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the connection between the support and the guide tube. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connection," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, the particulate waste removal filter device of this embodiment includes a vertical screening cylinder 1 and an air supply head 2 that is detachably installed at the bottom of the cylinder by a clamp 5.

[0028] Combination Figure 2 The screen cylinder 1 is divided into three independent chambers by a partition, which are, from bottom to top, a circulation chamber 11, a discharge chamber 12, and an isolation chamber 13. Specifically, a discharge partition 14 is provided between the circulation chamber 11 and the discharge chamber 12, and a partition 19 is provided between the discharge chamber 12 and the isolation chamber 13.

[0029] The circulation chamber 11 is the main area for material filtration and airflow circulation. Its structure consists of a lower inverted frustum structure 111 and an upper cylindrical structure 112. This inverted frustum structure facilitates material aggregation and gas guidance. A feed inlet 113 is located on the side wall of the circulation chamber 11 for feeding in the particulate material to be processed. Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, a flow equalizer 16 and a flow guide tube 17 are installed at the bottom of the circulation chamber 11. The flow equalizer 16 is detachably installed on the bottom opening of the inverted frustum structure 111. A central conduit 161 is provided in the middle of the flow equalizer 16, and multiple evenly distributed air holes 162 are provided around the conduit. The flow guide tube 17 is supported above the flow equalizer 16 by a bracket 18 and fits over the central conduit 161, with a certain annular gap maintained between the two. (Refer to...) Figure 7For the guide tube 17, a locking block 171 is provided on the inner wall of its bottom, and a groove 181 is provided on the bracket 18. The inner wall of the groove is provided with a slot. The guide tube 17 is inserted into the groove 181, and the locking block 171 is rotated to engage with the slot. During installation, first adjust the locking block area to be misaligned with the bracket 18, insert the guide tube 17 into the groove 181, and then rotate the guide tube 17 to make the locking block 171 rotate into the groove 181 and engage with the slot. During disassembly, simply rotate the guide tube 17 to misalign the locking block 171 with the slot, and it can be removed from the bracket 18 for easy cleaning.

[0030] Furthermore, the air supply head 2 is detachably mounted at the bottom of the inverted frustum structure 111, and the flow equalization plate 16 is clamped at the junction of the inverted frustum structure 111 and the air supply head 2. A sealing gasket 4 is also provided at the junction of the flow equalization plate 16 and the air supply head 2, and finally, a clamp 5 is used to fasten the air supply head 2 and the inverted frustum structure 111 externally. Figure 5 The clamp 5 includes two opposing, hinged crescent-shaped main bodies 51 and a locking screw 52 for connecting the two main bodies. The main body has a positioning groove inside, and the outer wall of the connection between the air supply head 2 and the inverted frustum structure 111 has a boss structure. Both bosses are pressed into the positioning groove to clamp the flow equalizer 16 and the sealing gasket 4. The locking screw 52 then locks the two main bodies 51 in place. During installation, the flow equalizer 16 and the sealing gasket 4 are placed at the bottom of the inverted frustum structure 111, and then the air supply head 2 is aligned with it. The bosses are then wrapped around the two main bodies 41 from the outside, so that the positioning grooves 53 on their inner sides fit precisely between the upper and lower bosses. Finally, the locking screw 52 is tightened, and the inverted frustum structure 111, the flow equalizer 16, the sealing gasket 4, and the air supply head 2 are tightly locked into a single unit through the cooperation of the bosses and the positioning grooves 53. During disassembly, simply loosen the locking screw 52, ​​remove the clamp body 51, and the air supply head 2 can be moved downwards, exposing and removing the flow equalization plate 16.

[0031] The air supply head 2 is connected to an external air source. The airflow it generates enters the bottom of the circulation chamber 11 and first passes through the flow equalizer 16. Most of the airflow diffuses upwards through the surrounding air holes 162, while the remaining airflow is ejected upwards through the central duct 161. The presence of the guide tube 17 constrains and guides the high-speed airflow ejected from the central duct 161, interacting with the airflow passing through the air holes 162, thereby forming a stable and uniform internal circulation airflow in the inverted frustum region. Figure 3 As indicated by the arrow in the airflow, this airflow can gently and effectively "fluidize" particulate materials, allowing the dust mixed in to be fully lifted.

[0032] Reference Figure 4In the upper part of the circulation chamber 11, the cylindrical structure 112 is separated from the discharge chamber 12 by a discharge baffle 14. Multiple material channels 141 are formed through the discharge baffle 14, and each material channel 141 is threadedly connected to a hollow filter rod 15. The hollow filter rod 15 is a slender cylindrical tube closed at one end and open at the other. The tube wall of the filter rod 15 is made of microporous filter material, such as stainless steel mesh or ceramic filter media, allowing gas and dust to pass through, but blocking larger, qualified particles. The dust that is kicked up passes through the tube wall of the filter rod 15 with the airflow and enters its inner cavity. The specific pore size of the filter rod can be selected and adjusted according to the particle size of the material being processed. For example, if processing drug particles with a particle size of 0.5-2mm, and the powder impurities to be removed have a particle size ≤0.1mm, then the filter rod pore size should be selected as 0.2-0.3mm, which blocks particles while allowing powder to pass through.

[0033] The discharge chamber 12 is used to collect and discharge waste materials. A waste discharge port 121 is opened on its side wall, connected to a negative pressure suction mechanism. The suction mechanism can be a known negative pressure generating device, such as a vacuum pump, negative pressure fan, or Venturi vacuum generator. The specific selection can be determined based on actual working conditions such as the waste discharge volume and required negative pressure intensity. It is sealed to the waste discharge port via a pipe. Its core function is to activate when waste discharge is triggered (e.g., when a preset time point for periodic waste discharge reaches a set value), forming a stable negative pressure within the discharge chamber 12. This allows dust and waste gas inside the hollow filter rod and the discharge chamber to be quickly discharged through the waste discharge port 121 under the pressure difference, achieving efficient collection of impurities. A piston mechanism 3 is provided inside the discharge chamber 12 to control the opening and closing of the hollow filter rod 15's inner cavity (i.e., the discharge channel). Figure 3 As shown, each piston mechanism 3 includes an air cylinder 31 fixed to the bottom of the partition plate 19, an air rod 32 extending into the air cylinder, and a piston head 33 sleeved on the bottom end of the air rod. The inner wall of the air cylinder 31 is provided with a longitudinal limiting groove 311, and the piston head 33 can slide up and down in the limiting groove 311.

[0034] The isolation chamber 13 is located at the top and is separated from the discharge chamber 12 by a partition plate 19. The partition plate 19 has an air passage for the air rod 32 to pass through. The upper end of the air rod 32 extends into the isolation chamber 13 and is connected to an air pipe connector 34. The side wall of the air rod 32 has multiple air outlets 321 for pipelines to connect to the air pipe connector 34.

[0035] The work process is as follows: The granular material to be processed is fed into the circulation chamber 11 through the feed inlet 113, and the material naturally accumulates on the flow equalization plate 16. After the granular material is fed in, the sealing cap 1131 is screwed onto the end of the feed inlet 113 to seal it.

[0036] The blower head 2 is activated, blowing air into the cavity. Under the action of the flow equalizer 16 and the guide tube 17, the airflow forms an internal circulation airflow. This airflow fully agitates the accumulated particulate material, fluidizing it. Dust particles are effectively lifted and dispersed in the upper space of the circulation cavity 11. Simultaneously, the piston mechanism 3 is in a non-working state, with no positive pressure inside the air rod 32. The piston head 33 is at its upper limit due to its own weight or the air pressure below. At this time, the discharge channel is open, and the dust-laden airflow passes through the filter wall of the hollow filter rod 15. Dust and exhaust gas enter its inner cavity and rise through the material channel 141 into the discharge cavity 12 for temporary storage. When the dust and exhaust gas in the discharge cavity 12 accumulate to a preset timer period, the suction device connected to the exhaust port 121 is triggered. This suction device efficiently extracts and discharges the accumulated dust and exhaust gas. After emptying, the suction device automatically stops, and the system re-enters the dust accumulation stage. The start-up timer period of the suction device can be set as needed.

[0037] When it is necessary to stop waste discharge or shut down the equipment, compressed gas is introduced into the air rod 32 through the air pipe connector 34. The gas is discharged from the air outlet 321, pushing the piston head 33 to move downward in the air cylinder 31 until it is pressed tightly against the material channel 141 opening of the discharge baffle 14, completely blocking it. This cuts off the connection between the discharge chamber 12 and the circulation chamber 11, effectively preventing the backflow of gas or dust.

[0038] When material needs to be discharged, cleaned, or repaired, the clamp 5 can be loosened to remove the air supply head 2 and clean the bottom. At the same time, the entire flow equalization plate 16 assembly can be removed, and the clean particles can be completely discharged from the bottom opening under the action of gravity.

[0039] As a preferred embodiment of this application, the number of hollow filter rods 15 is 3-5, and in this embodiment, 3 are provided, which are evenly triangularly distributed on the discharge baffle to ensure sufficient filtration area and uniform airflow distribution. In addition, a transparent observation area 114 is provided on the cylinder wall of the screening cylinder 1 corresponding to the circulation chamber 11, such as by installing a pressure-resistant sight glass, so that the operator can intuitively understand the state of the internal material.

[0040] Furthermore, the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present utility model and are not intended to limit the technical solutions described in the present utility model. The understanding of this specification should be based on those skilled in the art. Although the present utility model has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still make modifications or equivalent substitutions to the present utility model. All technical solutions and improvements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present utility model should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A particulate waste removal filtration device, characterized in that: The filter includes a screening cylinder and a detachable air supply head located at the bottom of the screening cylinder. The screening cylinder includes, from bottom to top, a separated circulation chamber, a discharge chamber, and an isolation chamber. The discharge chamber is equipped with multiple piston mechanisms to control the connection and disconnection between the discharge chamber and the circulation chamber. Hollow filter rods corresponding to the number of piston mechanisms are arranged above the circulation chamber. A flow equalization plate and a flow equalization cylinder are arranged at the bottom of the circulation chamber. The air supply head is located at the bottom of the circulation chamber and supplies air into the circulation chamber. A feed inlet is opened on the side wall of the circulation chamber, and a waste outlet is opened on the side wall of the discharge chamber. A suction mechanism is connected to the waste outlet.

2. The particulate waste removal filtration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The piston mechanism includes an air cylinder, an air rod, and a piston head. The air rod is disposed inside the air cylinder, and the piston head is sleeved on one end of the air rod and movably disposed at the bottom of the air cylinder. A limiting groove is provided on the inner wall of the air cylinder, and the piston head moves within the limiting groove. The piston head is located at the top of the hollow filter rod.

3. The particulate waste removal filtration device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The other end of the air rod extends upward into the isolation chamber and is connected to an air pipe connector. The side wall of the air rod is provided with multiple air outlets.

4. The particulate waste removal filter device as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The discharge chamber and the isolation chamber are separated by a partition plate. The air cylinder is located at the bottom of the partition plate, and an air passage is provided on the partition plate for the air rod to pass through and be inserted into the air cylinder.

5. The particulate waste removal filtration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The circulation chamber consists of an inverted frustum structure at the bottom and a cylindrical structure extending upward along the inverted frustum. The cylindrical structure is separated from the discharge chamber by a discharge baffle. A material channel corresponding to the hollow filter rod is opened through the discharge baffle. The top of the hollow filter rod is threadedly connected to the material channel, and the material channel communicates with the inner cavity of the hollow filter rod.

6. The particulate waste removal filtration device as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The feed inlet is located on the side wall of the inverted frustum structure. A flow equalization plate and a flow guide are detachably provided at the bottom of the inverted frustum structure. A guide tube is provided in the middle of the flow equalization plate, and multiple air holes are provided around the guide tube. The flow guide is supported above the flow equalization plate by a bracket and is sleeved outside the guide tube. There is a gap between the guide tube and the inner wall of the flow guide.

7. The particulate waste removal filtration device as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The air supply head is detachably located at the bottom of the inverted frustum structure, and the flow equalization plate is clamped at the junction of the inverted frustum structure and the air supply head, and is fastened to the outside of the air supply head and the inverted frustum structure by a clamp.

8. The particulate waste removal filter device as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The bracket is provided with a groove, the inner wall of the groove is provided with a slot, and the bottom inner wall of the guide tube is provided with a block. The guide tube is inserted into the groove, and the block engages with the slot.

9. The particulate waste removal filter device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The number of hollow filter rods is 3-5.

10. The particulate waste removal filtration device as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The screening cylinder has a transparent observation area located on the circulation chamber section.

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