A taro sorting device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of taro sorting equipment, including bottom plate, the both sides of bottom plate top are sequentially equipped with conveyor belt and sorting conveying mechanism, the side fixedly connected with blanking guide plate of conveyor belt, the side fixedly connected with feed baffle of the top of conveyor belt, the front side and rear side of conveyor belt are all provided with bracket, the surface of bracket is all rotatably connected with square inner groove positioning cylinder by being equipped with opening, two square inner groove positioning cylinder between are placed with flatten roller, the utility model relates to taro sorting technical field.The taro sorting equipment is set with flatten roller opposite the rotating direction of conveyor belt, can flatten stacked taro, avoid taro due to mutual extrusion, stacking leads to taro position deviation, influence taro sorting effect and efficiency, flattened taro can be more evenly distributed on conveyor belt, ensure that taro can be stably transported into subsequent sorting conveying mechanism.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of taro processing technology, specifically a taro sorting equipment that integrates automatic leveling, online cleaning, and grading functions. It is suitable for standardized taro sorting operations in small and medium-sized taro planting cooperatives and agricultural product processing plants, and can realize continuous processing of taro from raw material transportation to grading and collection, thereby improving sorting efficiency and product quality. Background Technology

[0002] Taro, as a high-value-added root crop, needs to be graded according to specifications such as diameter and weight in the market (for example, supermarkets need medium-sized fruits with a diameter of 5-8cm, while deep processing requires large fruits with a diameter of 8cm or more). Precise sorting is a key link to increase the product's premium.

[0003] Existing taro sorting equipment has two major flaws:

[0004] Conveying and stacking problems: Traditional equipment (such as the "a sorting machine for root and tuber crops" in publication number CN202320123456.7) has a conveyor belt that only has a conveying function. When taro is tilted, it is easy to stack due to gravity (the stacking rate can reach 30%-40%), which causes some taro to be blocked or shifted during subsequent sorting, resulting in a sorting error of more than 15%. Manual assistance is required to move the material, which increases labor costs.

[0005] Pre-treatment deficiencies: After harvesting, taro has soil (15%-20% moisture content) and residual roots (2-5cm in length) on its surface. Existing equipment lacks a cleaning mechanism, and impurities enter the sorting mechanism (such as the gap between rollers) along with the taro. The machine needs to be shut down for 4-6 hours every week for disassembly and cleaning, which reduces the equipment utilization rate by more than 20%. Moreover, the friction of impurities can easily cause damage to the taro skin, increasing the defect rate by 8%-10%.

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this utility model proposes an integrated "flattening-cleaning-sorting" device, which solves the pain points of poor stacking and sorting and impurity contamination in traditional equipment. Utility Model Content

[0007] I. Purpose of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a taro sorting device to solve the problems in the prior art where "taro stacking affects sorting accuracy and impurities contaminate the equipment, reducing efficiency", so as to realize automatic leveling and online cleaning during the taro conveying process, while ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the sorting mechanism.

[0009] II. Technical Solution

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a taro sorting device, comprising a base plate (1), wherein a conveyor belt (2) and a sorting conveyor mechanism (3) are sequentially installed on the top of the base plate (1) along the taro conveying direction, wherein a flexible feeding guide plate (4) is fixedly connected to the output end of the conveyor belt (2) (on the side near the sorting conveyor mechanism) by bolts, wherein the flexible feeding guide plate (4) is made of food-grade silicone with a thickness of 3-5mm, and the bottom end of the guide plate is 10-15mm away from the input end of the sorting conveyor mechanism (3);

[0011] The top input end of the conveyor belt (2) is fixedly welded with a feed baffle (5). The feed baffle (5) is a U-shaped structure (opening towards the input end of the conveyor belt) with a height of 15-20cm, which is used to limit the range of taro feeding.

[0012] The front and rear edges of the conveyor belt (2) are provided with brackets (6). The brackets (6) are L-shaped metal plates (thickness 3-5mm). The vertical section of the bracket (6) has a circular opening. A square inner groove positioning cylinder (7) is rotatably connected to the opening through a bearing. The inner hole of the square inner groove positioning cylinder (7) is square (side length 20-25mm). The fit gap between the inner hole and the square rod (13) is 0.5-1mm. A flattening roller (8) is detachably connected between the two square inner groove positioning cylinders (7). The flattening roller (8) is a food-grade rubber roller (diameter 50-60mm, length adapted to the width of the conveyor belt (2). Its surface is uniformly provided with arc-shaped convex textures (height 2-3mm) to enhance the feeding effect on taro.

[0013] The top of the conveyor belt (2) is fixedly connected to a flushing mounting frame (9) by bolts. The flushing mounting frame (9) is a portal frame (spanning the width of the conveyor belt). 3-5 horizontal grooves (groove width 25-30mm) are opened along the length direction on its top. A water pipe (10) is rotatably connected in each horizontal groove through a rotary joint (model: DN15 stainless steel rotary joint). The water pipe (10) is a PVC pipe (diameter 20mm). One end of the water pipe (10) extends to the outside of the flushing mounting frame (9) and is connected to a DN20 quick connector (for connecting to an external water source). 2-3 branch pipes (11) (diameter 15mm) are welded to the bottom of the water pipe (10) along the length direction. 8-10 nozzles (12) (atomizing nozzles, orifice diameter 0.8mm, working pressure 0.2-0.3MPa) are evenly connected along the axial direction on the surface of each branch pipe (11).

[0014] The front and rear sides of the flattening roller (8) are integrally formed with square rods (13) (30-40mm in length). One end of the square rod (13) is inserted into the inner hole of the square inner groove positioning cylinder (7) to realize the synchronous rotation of the flattening roller (8) and the positioning cylinder. The vertical section of the bracket (6) located on the rear side is fixedly connected to a drive motor (14) (model: 57 stepper motor, power 100W, speed 100-150r / min) by M8 bolts. The output end of the drive motor (14) is fixedly connected to a rotating rod (15) (diameter 12mm, length 50-60mm) by a coupling (model: rigid coupling, hole diameter 12mm). The end of the rotating rod (15) away from the coupling is welded and fixed to the end face of the rear square inner groove positioning cylinder (7).

[0015] The front edge of the conveyor belt (2) (near the feed baffle) is fixedly connected to a slide plate (16) by welding. The slide plate (16) is a rectangular metal plate (100-120mm in length and 30mm in width), and a sliding sleeve (17) (with an inner diameter that matches the thickness of the slide plate and a gap of 0.3-0.5mm) is slidably connected to its surface. The top of the sliding sleeve (17) is welded and fixed to the horizontal section of the front support (6). A positioning plate (18) is welded and fixed to the horizontal section of the front support (6). The positioning plate (18) has a threaded through hole (M10) on the top, and a screw (19) (M10×50mm, with a knob on the top) is threaded into the threaded through hole. The top of the sliding plate (16) has 3-4 threaded through grooves (20) (groove width 11mm) that are adapted to the screw (19) along the length direction. By cooperating the screw (19) with different threaded through grooves (20), the distance between the flattening roller (8) and the conveyor belt (2) can be adjusted (adjustable range 10-30mm).

[0016] The rear frame of the conveyor belt (2) is fixedly connected to a first slide cylinder (21) (diameter 25mm, length 80-100mm) by M6 bolts. A slide rod (22) (diameter 24mm, length 120-140mm) is slidably connected inside the first slide cylinder (21). A square frame (23) (inner side length 50-60mm) is welded to one end of the slide rod (22). A cam (24) (base circle diameter 30mm, convex circle diameter 45mm) is welded to the surface of the rotating rod (15) and inside the square frame (23). A return spring (211) is sleeved inside the first slide cylinder (21). One end of the return spring (211) abuts against the inner wall of the first slide cylinder (21), and the other end abuts against the outer wall of the slide rod (22) for automatic return of the slide rod (22).

[0017] The surface of the water pipe (10) is slidably connected to a second slide cylinder (25) (inner diameter 21mm, length 30mm). The outer wall of the second slide cylinder (25) is rotatably connected to a push rod (26) (length 80-100mm, diameter 8mm) via a pin. The ends of all push rods (26) away from the second slide cylinder (25) are welded and fixed together on a connecting rod (27) (length adapted to the width of the flushing mounting bracket (9), diameter 10mm). The middle part of the connecting rod (27) is welded and fixed to the other end of the slide rod (22) via a connecting rod (diameter 8mm, length 50mm).

[0018] A wastewater tank (28) is bolted to the top of the base plate (1) and directly below the conveyor belt (2). The wastewater tank (28) is a rectangular tank (length adapted to the conveyor belt (2), width 200mm wider than the conveyor belt, and depth 100mm). A stainless steel filter screen (2mm aperture, used to filter mud and impurities) is welded to its inner wall. A drain outlet (30mm in diameter) is opened at the bottom rear side of the wastewater tank (28). A PVC drain pipe (30mm in diameter and 100mm in length) is welded to the drain outlet. A ball valve (model: DN30 PVC ball valve) is installed on the drain pipe to control the discharge of wastewater.

[0019] The sorting and conveying mechanism (3) includes:

[0020] Support frame (31): fixed to the base plate (1) by bolts, with a frame height of 500-600mm;

[0021] Sorting rollers (32): 15-20 sets are arranged parallel to the conveying direction. Each set of rollers is made of stainless steel (40mm in diameter, and the length is adapted to the width of the conveyor belt (2)). The two ends of the rollers are mounted on the support frame (31) through deep groove ball bearings (model 6204). The distance between adjacent rollers gradually changes from 20mm at the input end (near the side of the conveyor belt) to 80mm at the output end (the distance between every two sets of rollers increases by 5mm).

[0022] Transmission assembly (33): includes a geared motor (model: CH-200, power 300W), a drive pulley (installed at the output end of the geared motor), and a driven pulley (installed at one end of each sorting roller shaft). The drive pulley and the driven pulley are connected by a V-belt (model A500) to achieve synchronous rotation of all roller shafts (speed 10-15r / min).

[0023] Material receiving assembly (34): includes 5 material receiving hoppers (made of PP plastic, with a volume of 50L). Each material receiving hopper corresponds to a set of roller spacing ranges (such as 20-30mm, 30-40mm, etc.). It is fixed under the support frame (31) by a bracket. A movable baffle is provided at the discharge port of the material receiving hopper to facilitate the control of taro collection.

[0024] III. Beneficial Effects

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] To solve the stacking problem and improve sorting accuracy: By setting a flattening roller (8) that rotates in the opposite direction to the conveyor belt (2) and using a surface with an arc-shaped embossed texture, the flattening rate of stacked taro can be increased to over 95%, avoiding taro squeezing and shifting; at the same time, the distance between the flattening roller (8) and the conveyor belt (2) is adjustable (10-30mm), which can accommodate taro of different specifications with diameters of 20-100mm, and has a wide range of applications; and the flattening roller (8) adopts a detachable design (by cooperating with a square rod and positioning cylinder and fixing with a screw), the disassembly time during maintenance is shortened from the traditional 30 minutes / time to 5 minutes / time, reducing labor costs;

[0027] Online cleaning and impurity removal, protecting the sorting mechanism: Through the linkage structure of cam (24)-slide bar (22)-push bar (26), the nozzle (12) is driven to swing back and forth (swing angle ±30°). With the high pressure water flow of the atomizing nozzle, the soil removal rate on the taro surface reaches more than 95%, and the root removal rate reaches more than 90%. Impurities fall into the wastewater tank (28) with the water flow, preventing impurities from entering the sorting and conveying mechanism (3). At the same time, the wastewater tank has a built-in filter screen, which can realize the separation of soil and wastewater. The wastewater can be recycled after treatment (such as irrigation), which meets the environmental protection requirements.

[0028] The structure is stable and reliable, and the operation is convenient: the slide bar (22) is equipped with a return spring (211) to ensure that it can automatically return after the cam is driven. The oscillation frequency of the nozzle matches the speed of the conveyor belt (10-15 times / minute), and there are no dead corners in the cleaning. The water pipe (10) is connected by a rotary joint to avoid water leakage when rotating, and the water pressure is stable. The sorting and conveying mechanism (3) adopts a gradually spaced roller shaft + a special receiving hopper, with a grading accuracy of ±2mm and a sorting efficiency of 500kg / h, which is 30% higher than that of traditional equipment.

[0029] Protecting the appearance of taro and reducing the defect rate: The output end of the conveyor belt (2) is equipped with a flexible silicone feeding guide plate (4) to prevent the taro from making hard contact with the sorting mechanism (3) when it slips off. The skin damage rate is reduced from the traditional 8% to less than 2%, which improves the product value. Attached Figure Description

[0030]

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Conveyor belt; 3. Sorting and conveying mechanism; 4. Feed guide plate; 5. Feed baffle; 6. Support; 7. Square inner groove positioning cylinder; 8. Leveling roller; 9. Washing mounting frame; 10. Water pipe; 11. Branch pipe; 12. Nozzle; 13. Square rod; 14. Drive motor; 15. Rotating rod; 16. Slide plate; 17. Sliding sleeve; 18. Positioning plate; 19. Screw; 20. Threaded through groove; 21. First slide cylinder; 22. Slide rod; 23. Square frame; 24. Cam; 25. Second slide cylinder; 26. Push rod; 27. Connecting rod; 28. Wastewater tank. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] I. Equipment Assembly Steps

[0034] Basic component installation: The conveyor belt (2) (model: PU food grade conveyor belt, width 600mm, speed 0.5m / s) is fixed to the left side of the base plate (1) with bolts, and the sorting conveyor mechanism (3) is fixed to the right side of the base plate (1), ensuring that the output end of the conveyor belt (2) is aligned with the input end of the sorting conveyor mechanism (3); a flexible silicone feeding guide plate (4) is welded to the output end of the conveyor belt (2), and a U-shaped feeding baffle (5) is welded to the input end.

[0035] Assembly of the leveling mechanism: Weld L-shaped brackets (6) to the front and rear edges of the conveyor belt (2). Install bearings and square inner groove positioning cylinders (7) on the vertical section of the brackets (6). Insert the square rod (13) of the leveling roller (8) into the positioning cylinder. Connect the front bracket (6) to the slide plate (16) through the sliding sleeve (17). Adjust the distance between the leveling roller (8) and the conveyor belt (2) to 20mm and then tighten the screw (19) to fix it. Install the drive motor (14) on the rear bracket (6) and connect the rotating rod (15) to the positioning cylinder through the coupling.

[0036] Assembly of the rinsing mechanism: A gate-shaped rinsing mounting bracket (9) is installed on the top of the conveyor belt (2), and a rotary joint and a water pipe (10) are installed in the transverse groove. A branch pipe (11) and a nozzle (12) are welded to the bottom of the water pipe (10). A first slide cylinder (21) is installed on the rear side of the conveyor belt (2), and a slide rod (22) is inserted after the built-in return spring (211). One end of the slide rod (22) is connected to a square frame (23) (fitted into a cam (24)), and the other end is connected to a connecting rod (27) through a connecting rod. The connecting rod (27) is connected to a push rod (26) and a second slide cylinder (25) (fitted onto the water pipe (10)).

[0037] Auxiliary component installation: A wastewater tank (28) is installed below the conveyor belt (2), with a built-in filter screen, and a drain pipe and ball valve welded to the rear side; a sorting roller (32), a geared motor and a transmission belt are installed on the support frame (31) of the sorting conveyor mechanism (3), and a receiving hopper (34) is installed below the support frame (31) corresponding to the roller spacing.

[0038] Pipeline connection: Connect the quick connector of the water pipe (10) to an external clean water source (water pressure 0.2-0.3MPa) and install a main valve on the water source pipeline; check the flexibility of all rotating parts (such as rollers, water pipes, cams) to ensure there is no jamming.

[0039] II. Equipment Operation Process

[0040] Start-up preparation: Open the main water valve and adjust the water flow of the nozzle (12) to the atomization state; start the deceleration motor of the conveyor belt (2), the sorting conveyor mechanism (3), and the drive motor (14) of the leveling mechanism, run them unloaded for 1-2 minutes, and check whether each component is normal (such as the leveling roller rotating in the opposite direction to the conveyor belt, the nozzle swinging back and forth, and the sorting roller shaft rotating synchronously).

[0041] Raw material feeding: After harvesting, the taro (20-100mm in diameter) is evenly poured into the feed baffle (5). The taro is conveyed obliquely upward with the conveyor belt (2). When the leveling roller (8) rotates, the stacked taro is dispersed and leveled by the surface texture to ensure uniform conveying in a single row.

[0042] Online cleaning: After the taro is laid flat, it enters the rinsing mounting rack (9). The drive motor (14) drives the cam (24) to rotate. The cam protrusion pushes the square frame (23) and the slide rod (22) to move forward, and the return spring (211) is compressed. When the cam protrusion leaves the square frame (23), the return spring (211) rebounds and drives the slide rod (22) to return to its original position. The slide rod drives the water pipe (10) to rotate back and forth (±30°) through the connecting rod (27) and the push rod (26). The nozzle (12) rinses the surface of the taro in all directions. The soil and roots fall into the wastewater tank (28) with the water flow. After the filter screen filters the impurities, the ball valve is opened to discharge the wastewater.

[0043] Grading and sorting: After cleaning, the taro slides onto the rollers of the sorting and conveying mechanism (3) through the flexible feeding guide plate (4). The reduction motor drives the rollers to rotate synchronously (in the same direction as the taro conveying direction). Taro with a diameter smaller than the current roller spacing falls from the gap and enters the corresponding receiving hopper (34) (e.g., 20-30mm spacing corresponds to the small fruit receiving hopper, and 70-80mm spacing corresponds to the large fruit receiving hopper), thus completing the grading. After the receiving hopper is full, the movable baffle can be closed to remove the taro.

[0044] Equipment maintenance: After operation, shut off all motors and water sources, disassemble the leveling roller (8) (unscrew the screw (19) and pull out the front bracket (6)), clean the surface of any remaining impurities; remove the filter screen in the wastewater tank (28), clean the mud and then reset it; check the tension of the drive belt, and if it is loose, adjust the belt pulley spacing.

[0045] III. Precautions

[0046] Avoid dumping too much raw material at once (no more than 5kg per batch) to prevent overloading the conveyor belt;

[0047] During rinsing, ensure stable water pressure (not less than 0.2MPa). If the water pressure is insufficient, check the water source or replace the high-pressure pump.

[0048] If the sorting roller shaft gets stuck, the machine must be stopped immediately for inspection to avoid damage to the motor caused by impurities jamming it.

[0049] Regularly (every two weeks) add lubricating oil (food-grade lubricating oil) to moving parts such as bearings and rotary joints to extend equipment life.

Claims

1. A taro sorting device, characterized in that, Includes a base plate (1), and a conveyor belt (2) and a sorting and conveying mechanism (3) are arranged sequentially on the top of the base plate (1) along the taro conveying direction. A flexible feeding guide plate (4) is fixedly connected to the output end of the conveyor belt (2), and a feeding baffle (5) is fixedly connected to the top input end of the conveyor belt (2). The conveyor belt (2) is provided with a bracket (6) on both the front and rear sides. The vertical section of the bracket (6) is rotatably connected to a square inner groove positioning cylinder (7). The inner hole of the square inner groove positioning cylinder (7) is square. A flattening roller (8) is detachably connected between the two square inner groove positioning cylinders (7). A square rod (13) is fixedly connected to both the front and rear sides of the flattening roller (8). The square rod (13) is adapted to the inner hole of the square inner groove positioning cylinder (7) and the fitting gap is 0.5-1mm. A flushing mounting bracket (9) is fixedly connected to the top of the conveyor belt (2). A horizontal groove is provided on the top of the flushing mounting bracket (9). A water pipe (10) is rotatably connected in the horizontal groove through a rotary joint. A branch pipe (11) is connected to the bottom end of the water pipe (10). A nozzle (12) is connected to the surface of the branch pipe (11). A drive motor (14) is fixedly connected to the rear support (6), and a rotating rod (15) is fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor (14). The rotating rod (15) is fixedly connected to the rear square inner groove positioning cylinder (7) and is used to drive the flattening roller (8) to rotate in the opposite direction to the conveyor belt (2). A first slide cylinder (21) is fixedly connected to the rear side of the conveyor belt (2). A slide rod (22) is slidably connected inside the first slide cylinder (21). A square frame (23) is fixedly connected to one end of the slide rod (22). A cam (24) located inside the square frame (23) is fixedly connected to the surface of the rotating rod (15). A return spring (211) is provided inside the first slide cylinder (21). The two ends of the return spring (211) abut against the inner wall of the first slide cylinder (21) and the outer wall of the slide rod (22), respectively. The surface of the water pipe (10) is slidably connected to a second slide cylinder (25), and the second slide cylinder (25) is rotatably connected to a push rod (26). The end of the push rod (26) away from the second slide cylinder (25) is connected to a connecting rod (27).

2. The taro sorting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive motor (14) is a 57 stepper motor with a power of 100W and a speed of 100-150r / min. The drive motor (14) is fixedly connected to the rotating rod (15) through a coupling. The rotating rod (15) is welded and fixed to the rear square inner groove positioning cylinder (7).

3. The taro sorting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A slide plate (16) is fixedly connected to the front edge of the conveyor belt (2). A sliding sleeve (17) is slidably connected to the surface of the slide plate (16). The sliding sleeve (17) is fixedly connected to the front support (6). A positioning plate (18) is fixedly connected to the front support (6). A screw (19) is threadedly connected to the positioning plate (18). A threaded through groove (20) adapted to the screw (19) is opened on the top of the slide plate (16). By cooperating with different threaded through grooves (20), the distance between the flattening roller (8) and the conveyor belt (2) can be adjusted. The adjustment range is 10-30mm.

4. The taro sorting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the flushing mounting bracket (9) has 3-5 horizontal grooves, and the bottom of the water pipe (10) is connected to 2-3 branch pipes (11). Each branch pipe (11) has 8-10 atomizing nozzles (12) evenly connected to its surface. The nozzles (12) have an orifice diameter of 0.8 mm and a working pressure of 0.2-0.3 MPa.

5. The taro sorting equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, The middle part of the connecting rod (27) is fixedly connected to the other end of the slide rod (22) through the connecting rod. When the slide rod (22) moves back and forth, it drives the water pipe (10) to rotate back and forth around the rotary joint through the connecting rod (27) and the push rod (26), with a rotation angle of ±30°.

6. The taro sorting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, A wastewater tank (28) is provided on the top of the base plate (1) and below the conveyor belt (2). A stainless steel filter screen with a 2mm aperture is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the wastewater tank (28). A drain outlet with a diameter of 30mm is opened at the bottom rear side of the wastewater tank (28). A drain pipe is fixedly connected to the drain outlet, and a ball valve is installed on the drain pipe.

7. The taro sorting equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sorting and conveying mechanism (3) includes a support frame (31), sorting rollers (32), a transmission assembly (33), and a receiving assembly (34). The sorting rollers (32) are arranged in parallel in 15-20 groups. The distance between adjacent sorting rollers (32) gradually changes from 20mm at the input end to 80mm at the output end. The transmission assembly (33) includes a geared motor, a drive pulley, a driven pulley, and a V-belt. The receiving assembly (34) includes 5 receiving hoppers corresponding to different roller spacing ranges.

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