An electronic sorting machine for agricultural fruits
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522619118.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-10
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-10
AI Technical Summary
[0004]为了解决上述技术问题，本实用新型提供了一种农业果实电子分选机，以解决现有技术中，传统的农业果实电子分选机通常在使用过程中分选等级不准确，以及物料盘不使用阻挡，容易造成物料掉落的技术问题
[0016]1.通过增加内置压力传感器的电动缸的设置，在使用该设备时，启动伺服电机，带动链轮链条等开始转动，在设备一侧将物料放入物料盘后，滑座随链条、导轨移动到设备出料槽一侧的过程中通过传感器可以将物料重量数据传到控制模块中，随后通过按预设分级先后控制电动缸举升抬起物料盘一侧，使物料盘向外倾斜，将物料准确倒在对应的物料槽之中，解决了分选等级不准确的问题。
Smart Images
Figure CN224894881U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of sorting machine technology, and more specifically, it relates to an electronic sorting machine for agricultural fruits. Background Technology
[0002] In the field of post-harvest fruit processing, electronic sorting machines have become key equipment for achieving automated and standardized fruit grading. They typically use a conveyor system to carry fruits through sensors such as weighing and vision sensors, and then sort the fruits into different grade channels according to preset standards.
[0003] Currently, most electronic sorting machines on the market focus on improving detection accuracy and sorting speed, but they have shortcomings in the fundamental aspect of material loading and transmission. Specifically, most machines use open or shallow-trough material trays to carry the fruit and move it with the conveyor belt. This "unobstructed" or "low-obstruction" design directly leads to fruit falling due to inertia or vibration during transport. Falling fruit not only causes direct economic losses, but also can get stuck in transmission components, leading to equipment failure or requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning, seriously affecting the continuity of sorting operations and overall production efficiency. Utility Model Content
[0004] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides an electronic sorting machine for agricultural fruits, which solves the technical problems in the prior art where traditional electronic sorting machines for agricultural fruits often have inaccurate sorting grades during use, and where the material tray does not use a blocking mechanism, easily causing materials to fall off.
[0005] The purpose and effectiveness of this utility model's electronic fruit sorting machine are achieved through the following specific technical means:
[0006] An electronic sorting machine for agricultural fruits includes a main support frame, a guide rail fixing bracket on the top of the main support frame, and a guide rail assembly on the top of the guide rail fixing bracket.
[0007] The guide rail assembly includes two sets of arc-shaped T-rails and two sets of straight T-rails. The two sets of arc-shaped T-rails are symmetrically arranged on the top of the fixed bracket. Multiple sets of chain groove support seats are provided on one side of the two sets of straight T-rails. The two sets of straight T-rails are symmetrically arranged on the top of the fixed bracket. Multiple sets of slide seats are provided on the top of both the two sets of arc-shaped T-rails and the two sets of straight T-rails.
[0008] Each of the aforementioned slide blocks is equipped with a lifting and tilting blocking assembly at its top.
[0009] According to a preferred embodiment, the guide rail assembly further includes multiple sets of chain trip door connecting buckles, which are respectively disposed on one side of multiple sets of slides. The multiple sets of chain trip door connecting buckles are connected to the power component through chain buckles. Each set of slides has four sets of first bearings at its bottom. The multiple sets of first bearings are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the two sets of arc-shaped T-rails and the two sets of straight T-rails. Each side of the two sets of straight T-rails has multiple sets of chain groove support seats, and the bottom of the multiple sets of chain groove support seats has multiple sets of support frames.
[0010] According to a preferred embodiment, the power assembly includes two sets of sprockets, with the same chain wound around the outer sides of both sets of sprockets. A chain pressure plate is provided on the top of each set of sprockets. A chain loop spindle is provided on the inner side of each set of sprockets. A spindle seat is provided at the bottom of each set of chain loop spindles. Two sets of second bearings are symmetrically arranged at both ends inside the two sets of spindle seats. A loop base plate is provided at the bottom of each set of spindle seats. One side of each set of loop base plates is engaged with the guide rail fixing bracket via a groove. A loop adjustment mechanism is provided at the bottom of the loop base plate. A round nut is provided at the bottom of one set of second bearings. The bottom of one set of chain loop spindles is connected to a reducer via a coupling. The top of the reducer is connected to a reducer mounting plate, and a servo motor is provided at the bottom of the reducer.
[0011] According to a preferred embodiment, the loop adjustment mechanism includes a loop adjustment fixing seat, a loop tensioning screw is provided in the middle of the loop adjustment fixing seat, a loop tensioning block is provided on one side of the loop tensioning screw, one side of the loop tensioning block contacts the main shaft seat, and two sets of spring washers are provided on one side of the loop tensioning screw.
[0012] According to a preferred embodiment, the lifting and tilting blocking assembly includes a housing body, an electric cylinder, and a material tray. The electric cylinder is installed inside the housing body, a spring is installed on one side of the housing body, a material tray is installed on the top of the electric cylinder, a blocking cage is installed on the top of the material tray, a discharge port is installed on one side of the blocking cage, and a blocking door is installed on one side of the discharge port.
[0013] According to a preferred embodiment, the top of the outer shell body is provided with a slot, the periphery of the electric cylinder contacts the inner wall of the slot of the outer shell body, one side of the outer shell body is elastically connected to the material tray through the spring, one side of the material tray is rotatably connected to the outer shell body through a first pin, and one side of the blocking cage is rotatably connected to the blocking door through a second pin.
[0014] According to a preferred embodiment, four sets of discharge troughs are provided on one side of the main support, four sets of unloading ports are provided on one side of each of the four sets of discharge troughs, door panels are provided on one side of each of the four sets of unloading ports, four sets of sliding grooves are provided on the outer side of each of the four sets of discharge troughs, and both sides of each of the four sets of door panels slide in contact with the inner wall of each of the four sets of sliding grooves.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0016] 1. By adding an electric cylinder with a built-in pressure sensor, when using the equipment, the servo motor is started, driving the sprockets and chains to start rotating. After the material is placed into the material tray on one side of the equipment, the slide moves with the chain and guide rail to the discharge chute side of the equipment. During this process, the sensor can transmit the weight data of the material to the control module. Then, by controlling the electric cylinder to lift one side of the material tray according to the preset grading sequence, the material tray is tilted outward, and the material is accurately poured into the corresponding material chute, which solves the problem of inaccurate sorting grade.
[0017] 2. By adding a blocking cage and blocking gate, when the motor, sprocket, and chain generate inertia, vibration, or other interference, the blocking cage and blocking gate can prevent the material from rolling out of the material tray. When the grading is completed and the material is ready to be discharged on one side of the discharge chute, the blocking gate can be raised and tilted on one side of the material tray and opened by gravity, ensuring that the material can be poured out normally into the material chute. This avoids the problem of material rolling out of the material tray and getting stuck in the transmission components during the sorting process, which would cause equipment failure or require frequent shutdowns for cleaning. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.
[0019] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the present invention.
[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the slider after disassembly in this utility model.
[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main shaft after disassembly in this utility model.
[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled ring adjustment mechanism of this utility model.
[0023] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled lifting and tilting blocking component of this utility model.
[0024] In the diagram, the correspondence between component names and drawing numbers is as follows:
[0025] 11. Main support frame; 12. Guide rail fixing bracket; 13. Arc-shaped T-rail; 14. Straight T-rail; 15. Slide seat; 16. Chain trip door connecting buckle; 17. Chain buckle; 18. First bearing; 19. Sprocket; 20. Chain; 21. Chain pressure plate; 22. Chain loop main shaft; 23. Main shaft seat; 24. Second bearing; 25. Loop base plate; 26. Round nut; 27. Coupling; 28. Reducer; 29. Reducer mounting plate; 3 0. Servo motor; 31. Loop adjustment fixing seat; 32. Loop tension screw; 33. Loop tension block; 34. Spring washer; 35. Main body of the outer shell; 36. Electric cylinder; 37. Material tray; 38. Spring; 39. Blocking cage; 40. Blocking gate; 41. First pin; 42. Second pin; 43. Discharge chute; 44. Door panel; 45. Sliding groove; 52. Discharge port; 53. Unloading port; 54. Chain groove support seat; 55. Support frame. Detailed Implementation
[0026] The embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model.
[0027] Example:
[0028] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 6 As shown:
[0029] This utility model provides an electronic sorting machine for agricultural fruits, including a main support 11, a guide rail fixing bracket 12 on the top of the main support 11, and a guide rail assembly on the top of the guide rail fixing bracket 12; the guide rail assembly includes two sets of arc-shaped T-rails 13 and two sets of straight T-rails 14, the two sets of arc-shaped T-rails 13 are symmetrically arranged on the top of the guide rail fixing bracket 12, the two sets of straight T-rails 14 are symmetrically arranged on the top of the guide rail fixing bracket 12, and multiple sets of sliding seats 15 are provided on the top of the two sets of arc-shaped T-rails 13 and the two sets of straight T-rails 14; each set of sliding seats 15 is provided with a lifting and tilting blocking assembly on its top.
[0030] The guide rail assembly also includes multiple sets of chain trip door link buckles 16, which are respectively disposed on one side of multiple sets of slides 15. The multiple sets of chain trip door link buckles 16 are connected to the power component through chain buckles 17. The bottom of each set of slides 15 is provided with four sets of first bearings 18, which are symmetrically distributed on both sides of two sets of arc-shaped T-rails 13 and two sets of straight T-rails 14. Each side of the two sets of straight T-rails 14 is provided with multiple sets of chain groove support seats 54, and the bottom of the multiple sets of chain groove support seats 54 is provided with multiple sets of support frames 55.
[0031] Specifically, when the power unit rotates, the chain trip door link buckle 16 is fixed to the chain 20 through the chain full buckle 17. Multiple sets of chain groove support seats 54 support the chain 20, driving the slide 15 to rotate along two sets of arc-shaped T-rails 13 and two sets of straight T-rails 14. Multiple sets of first bearings 18 at the bottom of the slide 15 are connected to the slide 15. All the two sets of opposing first bearings 18 clamp the two sets of arc-shaped T-rails 13 and the two sets of straight T-rails 14 to assist the slide 15 in rotating and reduce the impact of vibration during operation, ensuring the stable operation of the slide 15.
[0032] The power assembly includes two sets of sprockets 19, with the same chain 20 wound around the outer side of each set of sprockets 19. A chain pressure plate 21 is mounted on the top of each set of sprockets 19. A chain loop spindle 22 is mounted on the inner side of each set of sprockets 19. A spindle seat 23 is mounted on the bottom of each set of chain loop spindle spindles 22. Two sets of second bearings 24 are symmetrically arranged at both ends inside the two sets of spindle seats 23. A loop base plate 25 is mounted on the bottom of each set of spindle base plates 25. One side of each set of loop base plates 25 is engaged with a guide rail fixing bracket 12 via a groove. A loop adjustment mechanism is mounted on the bottom of each set of loop base plates 25. A round nut 26 is mounted on the bottom of one set of second bearings 24. The bottom of one set of chain loop spindles 22 is connected to a reducer 28 via a coupling 27. The top of the reducer 28 is connected to a reducer mounting plate 29. A servo motor 30 is mounted on the bottom of the reducer 28.
[0033] Specifically, when the servo motor 30 starts, it drives the reducer 28, which in turn drives the chain loop main shaft 22 to rotate via the coupling 27. The chain loop main shaft 22 then drives the sprocket 19 to rotate, and the sprocket 19 drives the chain 20 to rotate along the arc-shaped T-rail 13 and the straight T-rail 14. When the chain 20 passes the side of the straight T-rail 14, the chain 20 will contact the inner side of the chain groove support seat 54, reducing the sagging of the chain 20 due to gravity. The second bearings 24 at both ends of the chain loop main shaft 22 use 6212 deep groove ball bearings to ensure the stable operation of the chain loop main shaft 22.
[0034] The ring adjustment mechanism includes a ring adjustment fixing seat 31, a ring tensioning screw 32, and a ring tensioning block 33. The ring adjustment fixing seat 31 has a ring tensioning screw 32 in the middle, and a ring tensioning block 33 is provided on one side of the ring tensioning screw 32. One side of the ring tensioning block 33 contacts the spindle seat 23, and two sets of spring washers 34 are provided on one side of the ring tensioning screw 32.
[0035] Specifically, the loop adjustment fixing seat 31 is fixed on the loop base plate 25. By tightening the loop tension screw 32, the loop tension screw 32 will push the loop tension block 33 and the main shaft seat 23 to move horizontally outward, so that the sprocket 19 pulls the chain 20 and ensures that the chain 20 and the sprocket 19 are in close contact to achieve normal operation. At the same time, the two sets of spring washers 34 can ensure that the loop tension screw 32 is not too tight. Adjusting the loop tension screw 32 makes it easy to disassemble and assemble the chain 20.
[0036] The lifting and tipping blocking assembly includes a housing body 35, an electric cylinder 36, and a material tray 37. The electric cylinder 36 is housed inside the housing body 35. A spring 38 is located on one side of the housing body 35. The material tray 37 is located on top of the electric cylinder 36. A blocking cage 39 is located on top of the material tray 37. A blocking door 40 is located on one side of the blocking cage 39. A slot is provided on the top of the housing body 35. The periphery of the electric cylinder 36 contacts the inner wall of the slot in the housing body 35. One side of the housing body 35 is elastically connected to the material tray 37 via the spring 38. One side of the material tray 37 is rotatably connected to the housing body 35 via a first pin 41. One side of the blocking cage 39 is rotatably connected to the blocking door 40 via a second pin 42.
[0037] Specifically, the electric cylinder 36 has a built-in pressure sensor (which needs to be used in conjunction with a control module (not shown). For the control module, a microcontroller such as C51 or STM32 can be selected). After the material enters the material tray 37, the pressure sensor records the data. The obtained data is graded. For example, the data can be divided into four levels according to the number of discharge troughs 43: the first level is AB, the second level is BC, the third level is CD, and the fourth level is DE. The order of data size can be selected according to the requirements. The material will determine the lifting time of the electric cylinder 36 according to the preset grade. When the electric cylinder 36 lifts, the material tray 37 will tilt outward, the spring 38 will be stretched, and the blocking gate 40 will open under the action of gravity. The material will then roll out from the discharge port 52 to the discharge trough 43 corresponding to the data grade. After that, the electric cylinder 36 will retract, and the material tray 37 will also be retracted to its original position under the action of the spring 38. This ensures that the material tray 37 will not be pulled out of the material tray 37 and the blocking cage 39 due to the inertia of the material rolling out and will not be able to return to its original position. After resetting, the blocking gate 40 will close with gravity.
[0038] Understandably, the electric cylinder 36 needs to be an electric cylinder 36 with its own pressure sensor. For example, an electric cylinder 36 with an 80 pressure sensor built-in -3210-250-P-FA-I-HC-2KW-7-P3 model can be selected. This electric cylinder 36 has its own pressure sensor, thus achieving the required function.
[0039] The main support 11 has four sets of discharge troughs 43 on one side, and four sets of door panels 44 are respectively provided on one side of the four sets of discharge troughs 43. Four sets of sliding grooves 45 are respectively provided on the outer side of the four sets of discharge troughs 43. Both sides of the four sets of door panels 44 are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the four sets of sliding grooves 45.
[0040] Specifically, when there is too much material in the discharge chute 43 and it needs to be unloaded, the corresponding door panel 44 can be slid upward along the outer sliding groove 45 to open, and the material will be discharged through the discharge port 53.
[0041] The specific usage and function of this embodiment: When using the equipment, power is provided by starting the servo motor 30. The power is transmitted to the main shaft 22 of the chain loop via the reducer 28 and coupling 27, driving the sprocket 19 and chain 20 to rotate in a cycle. The chain 20 drives all the slides 15 and the lifting and tilting blocking components above them through the chain trip door link 16, moving continuously and stably along the circular track formed by the arc T-rail 13 and the straight T-rail 14. When the fruit to be sorted falls into the moving material tray 37, its weight signal is acquired by the pressure sensor in the electric cylinder 36 and transmitted to the control module. According to the preset weight level, when the slide 15 carrying the fruit moves to the corresponding level of the discharge chute 43, the control module issues a command to the electric cylinder 36 of that unit. The electric cylinder 36 then lifts, pushing the material tray 37 to tilt outward around the first pin 41. At this time, the spring 38 is stretched, and the blocking gate 40 automatically opens under gravity, allowing the fruit to be poured into the corresponding discharge trough 43, completing the grading process. After unloading, the electric cylinder 36 retracts, the material tray 37 returns to its original position under the action of the spring 38, and the blocking gate 40 automatically closes, ready for the next operation.
[0042] The embodiments of this utility model are given for illustrative and descriptive purposes only, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the utility model to the forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of this utility model, and to enable those skilled in the art to understand this utility model and design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for a particular purpose.
Claims
1. An electronic sorting machine for agricultural fruits, comprising a main support frame (11), characterized in that: The main support (11) is provided with a guide rail fixing bracket (12) on top, and the guide rail fixing bracket (12) is provided with a guide rail assembly on top. The guide rail assembly includes two sets of arc-shaped T-rails (13) and two sets of straight T-rails (14). The two sets of arc-shaped T-rails (13) are symmetrically arranged on the top of the guide rail fixing bracket (12), and the two sets of straight T-rails (14) are symmetrically arranged on the top of the guide rail fixing bracket (12). Multiple sets of slides (15) are provided on the top of both the two sets of arc-shaped T-rails (13) and the two sets of straight T-rails (14). Each of the multiple sets of slides (15) is provided with a lifting and tilting blocking assembly on its top.
2. The electronic sorting machine for agricultural fruits according to claim 1, characterized in that: The guide rail assembly also includes multiple sets of chain trip door link buckles (16). The multiple sets of chain trip door link buckles (16) are respectively set on one side of the multiple sets of slides (15). The multiple sets of chain trip door link buckles (16) are connected to the power assembly through chain buckles (17). The bottom of the multiple sets of slides (15) is provided with four sets of first bearings (18). The multiple sets of first bearings (18) are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the two sets of arc-shaped T-rails (13) and the two sets of straight T-rails (14). The two sets of straight T-rails (14) are each provided with multiple sets of chain groove support seats (54). The bottom of the multiple sets of chain groove support seats (54) is provided with multiple sets of support frames (55).
3. The electronic sorting machine for agricultural fruits according to claim 2, characterized in that: The power assembly includes two sets of sprockets (19), with the same chain (20) wound around the outer sides of the two sets of sprockets (19). A chain pressure plate (21) is provided on the top of each set of sprockets (19). A chain loop spindle (22) is provided on the inner side of each set of sprockets (19). A spindle seat (23) is provided at the bottom of each set of chain loop spindles (22). Two sets of second bearings (24) are symmetrically arranged at both ends inside the two sets of spindle seats (23). A loop base plate is provided at the bottom of each spindle seat (23). 25), both sets of the loop base plates (25) are connected to the guide rail fixing bracket (12) on one side through grooves. The bottom of the two sets of loop base plates (25) is provided with a loop adjustment mechanism. The bottom of one set of second bearings (24) is provided with a round nut (26). The bottom of one set of chain loop main shafts (22) is connected to the reducer (28) through a coupling (27). The top of the reducer (28) is connected to the reducer mounting plate (29). The bottom of the reducer (28) is provided with a servo motor (30).
4. The electronic sorting machine for agricultural fruits according to claim 3, characterized in that: The ring adjustment mechanism includes a ring adjustment fixing seat (31), a ring tensioning screw (32), and a ring tensioning block (33). The ring adjustment fixing seat (31) has a ring tensioning screw (32) in the middle, and a ring tensioning block (33) is provided on one side of the ring tensioning screw (32). One side of the ring tensioning block (33) is in contact with the main shaft seat (23), and two sets of spring washers (34) are provided on one side of the ring tensioning screw (32).
5. An electronic sorting machine for agricultural fruits according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting and tilting blocking assembly includes a housing body (35), an electric cylinder (36), and a material tray (37). The electric cylinder (36) is installed inside the housing body (35). A spring (38) is installed on one side of the housing body (35). A material tray (37) is installed on the top of the electric cylinder (36). A blocking cage (39) is installed on the top of the material tray (37). A discharge port (52) is installed on one side of the blocking cage (39). A blocking gate (40) is installed on one side of the discharge port (52).
6. An electronic sorting machine for agricultural fruits according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the outer shell body (35) is provided with a slot, the periphery of the electric cylinder (36) is in contact with the inner wall of the slot of the outer shell body (35), one side of the outer shell body (35) is elastically connected to the material tray (37) through the spring (38), one side of the material tray (37) is rotatably connected to the outer shell body (35) through the first pin (41), and one side of the blocking cage (39) is rotatably connected to the blocking door (40) through the second pin (42).
7. An electronic sorting machine for agricultural fruits according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main support (11) has four sets of discharge troughs (43) on one side, and four sets of unloading ports (53) are respectively provided on one side of the four sets of discharge troughs (43). A door panel (44) is respectively provided on one side of the four sets of unloading ports (53). Four sets of sliding grooves (45) are respectively provided on the outer side of the four sets of discharge troughs (43). Both sides of the four sets of door panels (44) are in sliding contact with the inner wall of the four sets of sliding grooves (45).