A Laval-type high-speed jet nozzle
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522241347.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-10-23
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-10-23
Smart Images
Figure CN224894919U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of production line auxiliary equipment technology, specifically to a Laval-type high-speed jet nozzle. Background Technology
[0002] In automated production lines, such as in the conveying and sorting of electronic components, plastic parts, and small metal parts, high-speed airflow is often used to precisely blow away detected defective products in order to achieve automated separation of qualified and unqualified products.
[0003] Existing jet-jet systems mostly use airflow channels with uniform cross-sections or simple contraction structures, where airflow can only be passively pushed by air source pressure. To achieve a qualified purging impact force, a high-pressure air source is required, which not only increases the operating energy consumption of the air compressor but also easily causes airflow disturbance due to high pressure, affecting the purging directionality. Most multi-channel jet-jet systems adopt a "single air source main pipe and branch pipes" design, with all jet-jet channels sharing a single control element, making it impossible to achieve independent start and stop of individual channels. When a defective product appears at only one location on the production line, all channels need to be activated for jetting. This results in a significant waste of compressed air and the airflow of adjacent channels is prone to mutual interference, potentially blowing on surrounding qualified products and reducing sorting accuracy.
[0004] There is an urgent need for a jet technology solution that can achieve efficient airflow acceleration and independent, precise control to meet the high-performance requirements of automated production lines for sorting defective products. Utility Model Content
[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a Laval-type high-speed jet nozzle to solve the problems existing in the prior art and achieve a jet technology solution with efficient airflow acceleration and independent and precise control.
[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following solution: a Laval-type high-speed jet nozzle, comprising a first body and a second body, wherein the first body and the second body are docked and cooperated; The first body is provided with a plurality of protruding structures, each of the protruding structures being arranged along the length direction of the first body, and a first mating groove being formed between adjacent protruding structures; an air inlet is provided at one end of any of the protruding structures; the protruding structure is Laval-shaped, first narrowing and then expanding along the airflow direction. The second main body is provided with a plurality of groove structures corresponding one-to-one with the protrusion structure, and a second mating protrusion is formed between adjacent groove structures; the second mating protrusion engages with the first mating groove, and the height of the second mating protrusion is higher than the protrusion structure, the protrusion structure is suspended in the groove structure, the protrusion structure and the groove structure enclose a Laval airflow channel that first narrows and then expands, and the Laval airflow channel is connected to the air inlet.
[0007] In one embodiment, both the first body and the second body are rectangular structures; the first body includes a first bonding surface, and a plurality of protrusions are evenly arranged on the first bonding surface; the second body includes a second bonding surface that is parallel to and opposite to the first bonding surface, and a plurality of grooves are evenly arranged on the second bonding surface.
[0008] In one embodiment, the first body is provided with a first mounting hole that extends through the thickness direction of the first body; the second body is provided with a second mounting hole that corresponds to the first mounting hole and extends through the thickness direction of the second body; the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole are axially aligned.
[0009] In one embodiment, the first mounting hole penetrates the first mating groove, and the first mounting hole is spaced apart from the edge of the protrusion; the second mounting hole penetrates the second mating protrusion, and the second mounting hole is spaced apart from the side wall of the groove structure.
[0010] As one embodiment, the first mating groove expands and then contracts along the width direction of the first main body; the first mounting hole is opened in the expansion area of the first mating groove; the second mating protrusion expands and then contracts along the width direction of the second main body; the second mounting hole is opened in the expansion area of the second mating protrusion.
[0011] As one embodiment, the air inlet has a first clearance area between itself and the starting end sidewall of the first body, the first clearance area extending along the length direction of the first body; the groove structure has a second clearance area between itself and the starting end sidewall of the second body, the second clearance area extending along the length direction of the second body; the first contact surface of the first clearance area is in contact with the second contact surface of the second clearance area.
[0012] As one embodiment, the end of the groove structure is provided with an air outlet, and the air outlet is located at the airflow output end of the Laval airflow channel. Each groove structure corresponds to an independent air outlet.
[0013] As one embodiment, a gap region is formed between two adjacent air outlets; the end of the second mating protrusion is located in the gap region; the end face of the second mating protrusion is aligned with the end face of the first mating groove.
[0014] As one embodiment, the air inlet extends vertically downwards from the top surface of the first body, passing through the solid portion of the first body and the protruding structure in sequence; the axial direction of the air inlet is perpendicular to the plane containing the bottom surface of the groove structure.
[0015] As one embodiment, the air inlet includes two coaxial cylindrical orifices, namely a main body section and a constriction section; the top opening of the main body section is flush with the top surface of the first main body; the constriction section extends from the bottom end of the main body section into the protruding structure and communicates with the Laval airflow channel, and the diameter of the constriction section is smaller than that of the main body section.
[0016] The utility model achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: Both the protruding structure of the first main body and the groove structure of the second main body of this utility model adopt a Laval-shaped design. After they are joined together, they form a complete Laval airflow channel. This channel exhibits a continuous cross-sectional change of "contraction section - throat - expansion section" along the airflow delivery direction. After the airflow enters the channel from the inlet, it first flows along the gradually narrowing cross-section in the contraction section, and the flow velocity gradually increases. When it reaches the throat (the point of minimum cross-section), the flow velocity increases significantly. Finally, a high-speed airflow is ejected from the outlet. This acceleration structure based on the Laval principle significantly reduces the operating energy consumption of the air compressor, avoids the airflow disturbance problem caused by high air pressure, ensures better airflow directionality, and effectively solves the core defect of existing devices that "exchange high energy consumption for impact force".
[0017] The protruding structure of the first main body and the groove structure of the second main body are embedded one-to-one. At the same time, the second mating protrusion of the second main body and the first mating groove of the first main body are precisely engaged, forming a double concave-convex positioning structure of "protrusion-groove" and "protrusion-matting groove". This design can strictly limit the relative displacement of the two main bodies in the three directions of length, width and thickness, ensuring that the contraction section, throat and expansion section of the Laval airflow channel are completely aligned, avoiding deviation of the channel cross-sectional size due to misalignment, and ensuring the integrity of the airflow acceleration path. Attached Figure Description
[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a bottom view diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a section at point A in the middle; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first main body of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first main body of this utility model from another perspective; Figure 7 for Figure 6 A magnified view of a section at point B in the middle; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the second main body of this utility model; Figure 9 for Figure 8 A magnified view of a section at point C.
[0020] Among them, 1. First main body; 2. Second main body; 3. Protruding structure; 4. First mating groove; 5. Air inlet; 6. Groove structure; 7. Second mating protrusion; 8. Laval airflow channel; 9. Air outlet; 10. First mounting hole; 11. Second mounting hole; 12. First clearance area; 13. Second clearance area; 14. Main body section; 15. Contraction section. Detailed Implementation
[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0022] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
[0023] This embodiment provides a Laval-type high-speed jet nozzle; please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 1-9 As shown, the device includes a first main body 1 and a second main body 2, which are connected and fitted together to form an integrated jet device. Multiple protruding structures 3 are provided on the first main body 1, evenly arranged along the length of the first main body 1. A first mating groove 4 is formed between adjacent protruding structures 3. An air inlet 5 is provided at one end of each protruding structure 3. The protruding structure 3 has a Laval shape that first narrows and then expands along the airflow direction, which is the width direction of the first main body 1. Starting from the initial end where the air inlet 5 is located, the protruding structure 3 gradually narrows towards the middle to the minimum cross-section (throat), and then gradually expands towards the end, forming a continuous curved surface structure of "contraction section-throat-expansion section".
[0024] The second main body 2 is provided with a groove structure 6, which corresponds one-to-one with the protrusion structure 3. Multiple groove structures 6 are evenly arranged along the length direction of the second main body 2. A second mating protrusion 7 is provided between adjacent groove structures 6, and the shape of the second mating protrusion 7 matches that of the first mating groove 4. The second mating protrusion 7 can be engaged in the first mating groove 4 of the first main body 1 to realize the engagement of the first main body 1 and the second main body 2. The groove structure 6 also has a direction of first narrowing and then expanding along the airflow conveying direction. The inner wall shape of the groove structure 6 is adapted to the shape of the protrusion structure 3, and also has the Laval feature of "first narrowing to the throat and then expanding" along the airflow conveying direction.
[0025] The protruding structure 3 can be completely embedded into the corresponding groove structure 6, and the second mating protrusion 7 is correspondingly engaged into the first mating groove 4, achieving initial positioning through the concave-convex fit. Since the height of the second mating protrusion 7 (the dimension along the thickness direction) is greater than the height of the protruding structure 3, when the top of the second mating protrusion 7 abuts against the top wall of the first mating groove 4 (the inner wall in the thickness direction of the first main body 1), the protruding structure 3 is suspended in the groove structure 6, forming a gap between the outer surface of the protruding structure 3 and the inner surface of the groove structure 6, i.e., the Laval airflow channel 8. That is, the protruding structure 3 and the groove structure 6 enclose the Laval airflow channel 8, which first narrows and then expands. The cross-section of the Laval airflow channel 8 exhibits a "contraction-minimum-expansion" change along the airflow direction, and is completely connected to the air inlet 5. The Laval airflow channel 8 is connected to the air inlet 5. After the airflow enters from the air inlet 5, it accelerates along the Laval airflow channel 8 and is finally ejected at high speed from the air outlet 9 at the end of the channel.
[0026] Work methods: S1. Device assembly and sealing positioning: First, the first main body 1 and the second main body 2 are assembled: the first mating surface of the first main body 1 (the side with the protruding structure 3) is aligned with the second mating surface of the second main body 2 (the side with the groove structure 6), so that each protruding structure 3 on the first main body 1 is embedded into the groove structure 6 on the second main body 2, and at the same time, the second mating protrusion 7 of the second main body 2 is inserted into the first mating groove 4 of the first main body 1. The initial positioning is completed through the concave-convex fit of the "protrusion-groove".
[0027] Since the thickness height of the second mating protrusion 7 is greater than that of the protruding structure 3, when the top of the second mating protrusion 7 abuts against the top wall of the first mating groove 4, the protruding structure 3 will be suspended within the groove structure 6, and the protruding structure 3 and the groove structure 6 will naturally enclose and form a closed Laval airflow channel 8. This ensures that the first body 1 and the second body 2 fit tightly together. Preferably, the mating surfaces of the first mating groove 4 and the second mating protrusion 7 are provided with a sealing structure (such as a silicone sealing ring), and the sealing structure is compressed by the mating pressure to ensure that there is no airflow leakage on the side of the Laval airflow channel 8.
[0028] S2. Connection between air source and control components: An external air source (such as a compressed air source) is connected to each air inlet 5 on the first main body 1 via air pipes, and an independent control element (such as a solenoid valve) is installed on the air pipe path of each air inlet 5. The signal terminals of all control elements are electrically connected to the detection system of the production line (such as a vision inspection camera or sensor), so that the detection system can send "on / off" signals to the corresponding control elements in real time, realizing independent airflow control for each Laval airflow channel 8. That is, only the control element of the target channel needs to be activated to control the airflow output of that channel individually, avoiding energy waste or misblowing of qualified products caused by simultaneous jetting from multiple channels.
[0029] S3, Laval airflow is accelerated and generated: When the production line is running normally, all control elements are in the off state by default, and airflow cannot enter the air inlet 5. If the production line detection system identifies an item at a certain location as a defective product, it will immediately send an "open" signal to the control element associated with the Laval airflow channel 8 corresponding to the location of the defective product; after receiving the signal, the control element opens the air pipe, and the air source enters the Laval airflow channel 8 through the air inlet 5.
[0030] The airflow flows in the Laval airflow channel 8 along the airflow delivery direction (the width direction of the first body 1), and will pass through the "contraction section-throat-expansion section" of the channel in sequence. In the contraction section, the channel cross-section gradually narrows and the airflow speed gradually increases. When it reaches the throat (the point where the channel cross-section is the smallest), the airflow speed can reach the speed of sound. After entering the expansion section, the channel cross-section gradually expands, forming a high-speed airflow that is ejected from the outlet 9 at the end of the Laval airflow channel 8.
[0031] S4. Precise removal of defective products: After the high-speed airflow is ejected from the outlet 9, its directionality and impact force can precisely target the defective products at the corresponding positions on the production line. Because the airflow velocity is optimized through the Laval structure, sufficient blowing force can be generated with relatively low air pressure, ensuring that defective products are effectively removed from the production line. Once a defective product is blown off the production line, the production line detection system sends a "close" signal to the corresponding control element, which then cuts off the air pipe, and the Laval airflow channel 8 stops blowing air. If the detection system simultaneously identifies defective products at multiple positions, it simultaneously sends "open" signals to the corresponding control elements, achieving synchronous and independent removal of multiple defective products without affecting the normal conveying of qualified products at other positions on the production line.
[0032] In one embodiment, both the first body 1 and the second body 2 of the Laval-type high-speed jet nozzle adopt a rectangular body structure. Their dimensions are compatible, ensuring a neat integrated structure after docking, facilitating installation on the production line frame. The three-dimensional orientation of the first body 1 is defined as follows: its "length direction" is the arrangement direction of the subsequent multiple protruding structures 3, adapting to the transport direction of the production line; its "width direction" is the airflow conveying direction (i.e., the extension direction of the Laval structure); and its "thickness direction" is the vertical direction perpendicular to the airflow conveying, i.e., the height direction. Based on this three-dimensional definition, the outer surface of the first body 1 includes a first mating surface, which is the lower surface of the first body 1 in the thickness direction; the top surface is the upper surface of the first body 1 in the thickness direction, parallel and opposite to the first mating surface, used to open the top opening of the air inlet 5.
[0033] On the first mating surface, a plurality of protruding structures 3 are uniformly arranged along the length of the first body 1. All protruding structures 3 have the same shape and size. Each protruding structure 3 extends along the width of the first body 1 (i.e., in the same direction as the airflow direction); the cross-section of the protruding structure 3 has a "Laval profile"; from the starting end where the air inlet 5 is located to the end end, the cross-sectional height first gradually narrows to the throat (the minimum cross-section), and then gradually expands. The second body 2 is aligned with the first body 1 in three dimensions. The outer surface of the second body 2 includes a second mating surface. The second mating surface is the upper surface of the second body 2 in the thickness direction, parallel to and opposite to the first mating surface of the first body 1, and is the core surface for docking. The bottom surface is the lower surface of the second body 2 in the thickness direction, where mounting holes or positioning slots can be formed to fix the air nozzle to the production line frame. The side end face of the second body 2 is flush with the side end face of the first body 1 to ensure a neat overall appearance after docking. On the second mating surface, multiple groove structures 6 are excavated along the length direction of the second body 2. The number and spacing of the groove structures 6 correspond one-to-one with the protrusion structures 3 of the first body 1, that is, the protrusion structures 3 can be precisely embedded in the groove structures 6, and the length direction of the groove structures 6 (along the width direction of the second body 2) is consistent with the length direction of the protrusion structures 3.
[0034] When the two are joined, first align the first mating surface (downward) of the first body 1 with the second mating surface (upward) of the second body 2, ensuring that the length and width of the first body 1 are completely overlapped with the second body 2, with each protruding structure 3 facing the corresponding groove structure 6, and each first mating groove 4 facing the corresponding second mating protrusion 7; slowly press down on the first body 1 so that the protruding structure 3 is completely embedded in the groove structure 6, and at the same time the second mating protrusion 7 is completely inserted into the first mating groove 4; continue pressing down until the top of the second mating protrusion 7 is tightly abutting against the inner wall of the first mating groove 4, at which point there is a gap between the bottom end of the protruding structure 3 and the bottom wall of the groove structure 6.
[0035] In one embodiment, a first mounting hole 10 is provided on the first body 1, and multiple first mounting holes 10 are arranged along the length direction of the first body 1. A second mounting hole 11 is provided on the second body 2. All first mounting holes 10 penetrate along the thickness direction of the first body 1 (from the first mating surface to the top surface). The number and position of the second mounting holes 11 correspond one-to-one with the first mounting holes 10. The second mounting holes 11 penetrate along the thickness direction of the second body 2 (from the second mating surface to the bottom surface), and the first mounting holes 10 and second mounting holes 11 are axially aligned. The first body 1 and the second body 2 are locked together by fasteners that simultaneously penetrate the first mounting holes 10 and the second mounting holes 11. Preferably, both the first mounting holes 10 and the second mounting holes 11 are provided with threads. The fasteners can be bolts, which are threadedly connected to both the first mounting holes 10 and the second mounting holes 11, thereby locking the first body 1 and the second body 2 together.
[0036] In this embodiment, the first mounting holes 10 are all opened within the area of the first mating groove 4, and are located in the center between two adjacent protruding structures 3. The first mounting holes 10 maintain a distance from the edges of the protruding structures 3 on both sides, which avoids damaging the contour of the protruding structure 3 during drilling, especially the key parts such as the contraction section and throat of the Laval-shaped cross-section, and also prevents the mounting holes from being too close to the protruding structures 3, resulting in insufficient strength of the sidewall of the first mating groove 4. The first mounting holes 10 penetrate the first mating groove 4 along the thickness direction. Correspondingly, the second mounting holes 11 are all opened within the area of the second mating protrusion 7, and are located in the center between two adjacent groove structures 6. The second mounting holes 11 maintain a certain distance from the inner walls of the groove structures 6 on both sides, ensuring that drilling will not damage the Laval-shaped inner wall of the groove structure 6, especially the minimum cross-section at the throat, while ensuring the overall strength of the second mating protrusion 7 and preventing the protrusion from breaking during fastening due to the mounting holes being too close. The second mounting holes 11 completely penetrate the second mating protrusion 7 along the thickness direction. Through the above-described positioning design, the first mounting hole 10 and the second mounting hole 11 achieve "axial alignment and fastener locking" while maintaining a safe distance from the protrusion structure 3 and the groove structure 6. This ensures that the cross-sectional dimensions of the Laval airflow channel 8 are not altered, preventing local widening or narrowing of the channel that could lead to airflow turbulence. It also avoids weakening the structural strength of the first mating groove 4 and the second mating protrusion 7, ensuring stable engagement and support. For the plastic first body 1 and second body 2, this design avoids injection molding defects or stress cracking during use caused by the mounting holes being too close to the protrusion / groove structures, further enhancing the durability of the device.
[0037] In one embodiment, the first mating groove 4 is located between two adjacent protruding structures 3. Its cross-sectional shape along the width direction (airflow direction) of the first body 1 is naturally formed by the Laval-shaped contour of the two protruding structures 3. Since each protruding structure 3 has a Laval feature of "first contracting (near the initial section of the air inlet 5) and then expanding (away from the final section of the air inlet 5)" along the width direction, the first mating groove 4 of the two adjacent protruding structures 3 has a cross-sectional shape of "first expanding and then contracting" along the width direction, which is opposite to the Laval shape of the protruding structure 3. The maximum width of the groove cavity appears at the corresponding position of the throat (minimum cross-section) of the two protruding structures 3.
[0038] Based on this shape feature, the first mounting hole 10 is specially opened in the "expansion area" of the first mating groove 4; the "expansion area" here corresponds to the area of the contraction section of the protruding structure 3; the groove of the first mating groove 4 in this area has the largest groove width, which on the one hand can accommodate the first mounting hole 10 with a larger diameter, ensuring that the fastener (such as bolt) has sufficient connection strength and avoiding insufficient force due to the small hole diameter; on the other hand, the expansion area maintains a sufficient distance from the contraction sections of the protruding structures 3 on both sides, preventing damage to the Laval profile of the protruding structure 3 during the machining of the mounting hole or the assembly of the fastener, thereby avoiding affecting the cross-sectional accuracy of the Laval airflow channel 8.
[0039] The second mating protrusion 7 is located between two adjacent groove structures 6. Its cross-sectional shape along the width direction of the second main body 2 is formed by the Laval-shaped contour of the two side groove structures 6. Since the groove structure 6 has a Laval feature of "contraction first and expansion later" along the width direction, it is compatible with the protrusion structure 3. Therefore, the second mating protrusion 7 of the two adjacent groove structures 6 has a cross-sectional shape of "expansion first and contraction later" along the width direction. The maximum width of the protrusion is compatible with the width of the expansion area of the first mating groove 4, ensuring a tight fit when snapped together.
[0040] The second mating protrusion 7 has an expanding-then-contracting shape along its width; the second mounting hole 11 is located within the "expansion area" of the second mating protrusion 7; this ensures that the second mounting hole 11 maintains sufficient distance from the contracting sections of the side groove structures 6, avoiding damage to the Laval-shaped inner wall of the groove structure 6 and preventing local deformation of the Laval airflow channel 8. Furthermore, the number and spacing of the second mounting holes 11 are completely consistent with the first mounting holes 10, and they penetrate along the thickness direction of the second mating protrusion 7, ensuring that when the first body 1 and the second body 2 are mated, the first mounting holes 10 and the second mounting holes 11 can be precisely axially aligned, allowing fasteners to be easily inserted and locked.
[0041] In one embodiment, both the air inlet 5 and the starting end of the groove structure 6 are "off-edge set" to form corresponding clearance area structures. The "starting end" of the first body 1 is defined as the end close to the air inlet 5 along the width direction (airflow direction), and the outer surface of this end is the "starting end sidewall". The air inlet 5 is opened at the starting end of the protruding structure 3, but it is not tightly attached to the starting end sidewall of the first body 1, but maintains a preset gap with the sidewall. Thus, a continuous solid area, namely the first clearance area 12, is formed between the edge of the air inlet 5 and the starting end sidewall of the first body 1. The first clearance area 12 extends through the length direction of the first body 1, covering the outer side of the starting ends of all the protruding structures 3, and is consistent with the thickness of the first body 1 along the thickness direction, extending from the first contact surface to the top surface. As a solid structure, the first clearance area 12 can disperse the edge force and improve the deformation resistance of the starting end of the first body 1. The first contact surface of the first clearance area 12 is a complete plane, providing sufficient contact area for subsequent contact with the second clearance area 13 of the second body 2.
[0042] In this embodiment, the "starting end" of the second body 2 corresponds to the starting end of the first body 1, and its "starting end sidewall" is flush with the starting end sidewall of the first body 1 after docking, ensuring a neat overall appearance. The starting end of the groove structure 6 (i.e., the air intake side of the Laval airflow channel 8) is also not tightly attached to the starting end sidewall of the second body 2, but maintains a preset gap consistent with the width of the first clearance area 12. Thus, a second clearance area 13 is formed between the edge of the starting end of the groove structure 6 and the starting end sidewall of the second body 2. The second clearance area 13 extends through the length direction of the second body 2, covering the outer side of the starting end of all groove structures 6, and is consistent with the thickness of the second body 2 in the thickness direction, extending from the second mating surface to the bottom surface. The cross-sectional dimensions of the second clearance area 13 are completely adapted to the first clearance area 12, and the second mating surface 13 is a complete plane in this area. The second clearance area 13 matches the first clearance area 12, and together they form a "structurally interference-free" docking area, preventing the starting end of the groove structure 6 from forming a weak area with the side wall of the second main body 2, and improving the structural strength of the starting end of the second main body 2. When the first main body 1 docks with the second main body 2, the first contact surface of the first clearance area 12 and the second contact surface of the second clearance area 13 are tightly fitted together. With the locking force of the fasteners, the starting ends of the two main bodies form a "solid-to-solid" rigid connection, which can improve the overall torsional stiffness and is especially suitable for vibration environments in production lines.
[0043] In one embodiment, the outlet 9 serves as the final airflow output end of the Laval airflow channel 8. The outlet 9 is a "natural opening" extending from the groove structure 6 along its width to the end of the second body 2. The Laval-shaped profile of the groove structure 6 transitions from a contracting section at the starting end (inlet side) through a throat to an expanding section, with the outlet 9 forming at the end of the expanding section. Each groove structure 6 corresponds to an independent outlet 9, which are evenly distributed along the length of the second body 2 to ensure that each Laval airflow channel 8 has its own dedicated airflow output path, avoiding the convergence and interference of multiple airflow channels at the outlet.
[0044] In this embodiment, the "end" of the second body 2 is the end away from the air inlet 5 along the width direction, which coincides with the end where the air outlet 9 is located; the air outlets 9 are evenly arranged along the length direction of the second body 2, and a "gap region" is formed between two adjacent air outlets 9. The end of the second mating protrusion 7 (the end along the width direction) is exactly located in the gap region between two adjacent air outlets 9, avoiding the end of the second mating protrusion 7 from extending into the airflow output path of the air outlet 9, and preventing obstruction or diversion of high-speed airflow. The end of the first mating groove 4 and the end of the second mating protrusion 7 are aligned with the reference point, both being the end away from the air inlet 5 along the width direction; when the first body 1 and the second body 2 are docked, the second mating protrusion 7 is completely inserted into the first mating groove 4, and the end face of the second mating protrusion 7 is aligned with the end face of the first mating groove 4.
[0045] In one embodiment, the penetration path of the air inlet 5 extends strictly along the thickness direction of the first body 1, vertically downward from the top surface (upper surface in the thickness direction) of the first body 1, sequentially penetrating the solid portion of the first body 1 and the protruding structure 3, and finally connecting with the starting end of the Laval airflow channel 8. Multiple air inlets 5 are evenly arranged along the length direction of the first body 1, with each air inlet 5 precisely corresponding to a protruding structure 3. Preferably, the axis of the air inlet 5 coincides with the central axis of the corresponding protruding structure 3 along the length direction of the first body 1, ensuring that the airflow can vertically enter the Laval airflow channel 8 enclosed by the protruding structure 3 and the groove structure 6, avoiding localized uneven flow velocity caused by the airflow deviating to one side of the channel. The axial direction of the air inlet 5 is perpendicular to the plane containing the bottom surface of the groove structure 6. After entering through the air inlet 5, the airflow flows into the constricted section of the Laval airflow channel 8 in a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the groove structure 6. In addition, the top of the air inlet 5 (the opening on the top surface of the first main body 1) can be designed with an interface structure according to the air source connection requirements: if a rigid air pipe is connected, an external thread can be set at the opening; if a flexible hose is connected, it can be designed as a smooth straight opening and equipped with a clamp groove to ensure that the air source pipeline is firmly connected and to avoid air leakage.
[0046] In this embodiment, the stepped hole structure of the air inlet 5 consists of two coaxial cylindrical holes, namely the main body section 14 and the contraction section 15. These two sections are connected sequentially along the thickness direction of the first main body 1, and their axes coincide. The main body section 14 is located in the upper section of the air inlet 5, near the top surface of the first main body 1. The hole extends along the thickness direction into the solid portion of the first main body 1, and its top opening is flush with the top surface of the first main body 1. The main body section 14 has a larger diameter to ensure a stable connection of the air supply pipeline and prevent airflow leakage. The contraction section 15 is located in the lower section of the air inlet 5, near the protruding structure 3. The hole extends from the bottom end of the main body section 14 into the interior of the protruding structure 3, ultimately connecting with the starting end of the Laval airflow channel 8. The diameter of the contraction section 15 is smaller than that of the main body section 14, and the end of the contraction section 15 completely penetrates the protruding structure 3, precisely connecting with the Laval airflow channel 8.
[0047] In this embodiment, a rounded corner transition structure is adopted at the connection between the main body section 14 and the contraction section 15, so that when the airflow enters the smaller diameter contraction section 15 from the larger diameter main body section 14, it can turn along a smooth curve, reducing local resistance loss. The larger diameter of the main body section 14 can be compatible with various specifications of air source pipelines, eliminating the need to design separate interfaces for different production lines and improving versatility; the reduced diameter of the contraction section 15 can initially accelerate the airflow, and the rounded corner transition makes the airflow more uniform; compared with a through hole of equal diameter, the main body section 14 of the stepped hole is only opened in the solid part of the first main body 1 (non-protruding structure 3), which can reduce the weakening of the protruding structure 3. Only the small diameter contraction section 15 is opened in the protruding structure 3, ensuring the structural stability of its Laval profile.
[0048] Overall working method of Laval high-speed jet nozzle S1. Precise docking and assembly of the first and second main bodies: With the first mating surface (lower surface in the thickness direction, including protruding structure 3) of the first main body 1 facing down and the second mating surface (upper surface in the thickness direction, including groove structure 6) of the second main body 2 facing up, they are aligned in three dimensions to ensure that the length and width directions of the first main body 1 and the second main body 2 are completely coincident, the first clearance area 12 and the second clearance area 13 are directly opposite each other, each protruding structure 3 is aligned with the corresponding groove structure 6, and each first mating groove 4 is aligned with the corresponding second mating protrusion 7.
[0049] The first main body 1 is slowly pressed down, so that the protruding structure 3 is fully embedded in the groove structure 6, and at the same time the second mating protrusion 7 is engaged in the first mating groove 4; the pressing continues until the top of the second mating protrusion 7 is tightly abutted against the top wall of the first mating groove 4. At this time, because the height of the second mating protrusion 7 is greater than the height of the protruding structure 3, the protruding structure 3 is suspended in the groove structure 6. The outer and inner surfaces of the two form a closed Laval airflow channel 8, and the cross section changes in the width direction as "contraction-throat-expansion". At the same time, the complete plane of the first concession area 12 and the complete plane of the second concession area 13 are completely fitted together, forming a "solid-to-solid" support structure, which improves the overall torsional stiffness.
[0050] Insert the bolt into the second mounting hole 11 from the bottom surface of the second body 2 and through the second mating protrusion 7. Align it with the first mounting hole 10 and tighten it to the preset torque so that the first mating surface and the second mating surface fit tightly together. If the mating surfaces of the first mating groove 4 and the second mating protrusion 7 are pre-installed with silicone sealing rings, the sealing rings will be compressed during the bolt tightening process, achieving a leak-free seal on the side of the Laval airflow channel 8. Finally, ensure that the side end faces and end faces (far from the air inlet end in the width direction) of the first body 1 and the second body 2 are flush, with a neat appearance and convenient for subsequent installation.
[0051] S2. Adaptive connection between the gas source and the control system: Based on the interface design of the main body section 14 of the air inlet 5, the connection method is selected, and the main body section 14 of the air inlet 5 is connected to the main air supply pipe; preferably, each air inlet 5 is independently connected to an air pipe to ensure that the airflow does not interfere with each other. An independent solenoid valve (control element) is connected in series on the path of each air pipe, and the signal input terminals of all solenoid valves are electrically connected to the signal output terminals of the production line detection system through wires; through the preset parameters of the detection system, the linkage logic of "non-conforming product trigger - solenoid valve opens" and "conforming product passes - solenoid valve closes" is set to realize the individual start and stop control of each Laval airflow channel 8.
[0052] S3, the generation of Laval airflow and the precise removal of defective products: During normal production line operation, the detection system scans the items on the conveyor line in real time. All solenoid valves are closed by default, preventing air from entering the air inlet 5 and eliminating airflow in the Laval airflow channel 8, thus not affecting the normal conveying of qualified products. When the detection system identifies an item as defective at a certain location, it immediately sends an "open" signal to the solenoid valve associated with the corresponding Laval airflow channel 8. Upon receiving the signal, the solenoid valve quickly opens the air pipe, allowing air to enter the main body section 14 (large-diameter orifice adapted for airflow input) of the air inlet 5 along the air pipe. After initial acceleration through the contraction section 15 (small-diameter orifice), the air flows vertically into the starting end (contraction section inlet) of the Laval airflow channel 8.
[0053] The airflow flows along the width direction in the Laval airflow channel 8, passing through the "contraction section-throat-expansion section" in sequence. In the contraction section, the channel cross-section gradually narrows and the airflow speed continuously increases from subsonic speed. When it reaches the throat (the point with the smallest cross-section), the airflow speed reaches the speed of sound. After entering the expansion section, the channel cross-section gradually expands and the airflow speed exceeds the speed of sound, forming a high-speed airflow, which is finally ejected directionally from the outlet 9 at the end of the slot structure 6.
[0054] After the high-speed airflow is ejected from the air outlet 9, it precisely targets the defective products at the corresponding positions on the conveyor line, blowing them off the production line with sufficient impact force and causing them to fall into the defective product collection box. Once the detection system detects that a defective product has left the conveyor line, it immediately sends a "close" signal to the corresponding solenoid valve. The solenoid valve cuts off the air pipe, and the Laval airflow channel 8 stops spraying air. If the detection system simultaneously identifies defective products at multiple positions, it synchronously sends "open" signals to the corresponding multiple solenoid valves, achieving synchronous and independent removal of multiple defective products without interfering with the conveying of qualified products at other positions.
[0055] This Laval-type high-speed jet nozzle utilizes the airflow acceleration advantage of the Laval structure to reduce air source energy consumption, and improves the sorting efficiency of the production line through independent control and precise docking design, making it suitable for non-conforming product handling scenarios in various automated production lines.
[0056] It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is obvious that this utility model is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that it can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of this utility model. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered exemplary and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of this utility model is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, it is intended that all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims be included within this utility model. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.
[0057] This utility model uses specific examples to illustrate its principles and implementation methods. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the idea of this utility model. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.
Claims
1. A Laval-type high-speed jet nozzle, characterized in that, It includes a first main body (1) and a second main body (2), which are connected and cooperate with each other; The first body (1) is provided with a plurality of protruding structures (3), each of the protruding structures (3) is arranged along the length direction of the first body (1), and a first mating groove (4) is formed between adjacent protruding structures (3); an air inlet (5) is provided at one end of any of the protruding structures (3); the protruding structure (3) is Laval-shaped, first narrowing and then expanding along the airflow direction; The second main body (2) is provided with a plurality of groove structures (6) corresponding one-to-one with the protruding structure (3), and a second mating protrusion (7) is formed between adjacent groove structures (6); the second mating protrusion (7) is engaged with the first mating groove (4), and the height of the second mating protrusion (7) is higher than that of the protruding structure (3), the protruding structure (3) is suspended in the groove structure (6), the protruding structure (3) and the groove structure (6) form a Laval airflow channel (8) that narrows first and then expands, and the Laval airflow channel (8) is connected to the air inlet (5).
2. The Laval-type high-speed jet nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both the first body (1) and the second body (2) are rectangular structures; the first body (1) includes a first bonding surface, and a plurality of the protruding structures (3) are evenly arranged on the first bonding surface; the second body (2) includes a second bonding surface that is parallel to and opposite to the first bonding surface, and a plurality of the groove structures (6) are evenly arranged on the second bonding surface.
3. The Laval-type high-speed jet nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first body (1) is provided with a first mounting hole (10), which penetrates along the thickness direction of the first body (1); the second body (2) is provided with a second mounting hole (11) corresponding to the first mounting hole (10), which penetrates along the thickness direction of the second body (2); the first mounting hole (10) and the second mounting hole (11) are axially aligned.
4. The Laval-type high-speed jet nozzle according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first mounting hole (10) passes through the first mating groove (4), and the first mounting hole (10) is separated from the edge of the protrusion structure (3); the second mounting hole (11) passes through the second mating protrusion (7), and the second mounting hole (11) is separated from the side wall of the groove structure (6).
5. The Laval-type high-speed jet nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that, The first mating groove (4) expands and then contracts along the width direction of the first body (1); the first mounting hole (10) is opened in the expansion area of the first mating groove (4); the second mating protrusion (7) expands and then contracts along the width direction of the second body (2); the second mounting hole (11) is opened in the expansion area of the second mating protrusion (7).
6. The Laval-type high-speed jet nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet (5) has a first clearance area (12) between it and the starting end sidewall of the first body (1), and the first clearance area (12) extends along the length direction of the first body (1); the groove structure (6) has a second clearance area (13) between it and the starting end sidewall of the second body (2), and the second clearance area (13) extends along the length direction of the second body (2); the first contact surface of the first clearance area (12) is in contact with the second contact surface of the second clearance area (13).
7. The Laval-type high-speed jet nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The end of the groove structure (6) is provided with an air outlet (9), and the air outlet (9) is located at the airflow output end of the Laval airflow channel (8). Each groove structure (6) corresponds to an independent air outlet (9).
8. The Laval-type high-speed jet nozzle according to claim 7, characterized in that, A gap region is formed between two adjacent air outlets (9); the end of the second mating protrusion (7) is located in the gap region; the end face of the second mating protrusion (7) is aligned with the end face of the first mating groove (4).
9. The Laval-type high-speed jet nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that, The air inlet (5) extends vertically downward from the top surface of the first body (1) through the solid part of the first body (1) and the protruding structure (3); the axial direction of the air inlet (5) is perpendicular to the plane where the bottom surface of the groove structure (6) is located.
10. The Laval-type high-speed jet nozzle according to claim 9, characterized in that, The air inlet (5) includes two coaxial cylindrical holes, namely the main body section (14) and the constriction section (15); the top opening of the main body section (14) is flush with the top surface of the first body (1); the constriction section (15) extends from the bottom end of the main body section (14) into the protruding structure (3) and communicates with the Laval airflow channel (8), and the diameter of the constriction section (15) is smaller than that of the main body section (14).