A hazardous solid waste treatment apparatus

Abstract

The application relates to a hazardous solid waste treatment equipment and belongs to the technical field of waste treatment. The equipment comprises a sterilization assembly for sterilizing solid waste, a crushing assembly arranged at the top of the sterilization assembly and used for double crushing of the fixed waste, a discharging hopper arranged at the top end of the crushing assembly, and a drying assembly arranged at one side of the sterilization assembly and used for drying the crushed and sterilized waste. The application has the beneficial effect that the servo motor a is arranged to drive the rotating shaft to rotate the cam, the cam is in contact with the feeding plate, the elastic action of the fixed rod and the spring is matched, the feeding plate reciprocally slides along the fixed rod, the vibration purpose of the feeding plate is realized, the material can be prevented from accumulating in the sterilization box, the material on the feeding plate can be uniformly spread, every batch of material can be ensured to fully contact the ultraviolet rays, and the sterilized material can be stably conveyed into the discharging box.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of waste treatment technology, and more particularly to a hazardous solid waste treatment device. Background Technology

[0002] Laboratories generate a large amount of solid waste during daily operations, including excess samples, analytical products, broken glassware, gauze and other consumables, as well as residual or expired chemical reagents and medical laboratory waste containing dangerous pathogens. The composition is complex and contains a variety of chemical and biological pollutants. Improper handling can easily lead to serious pollution accidents. Current methods for the resource recovery of such hazardous solid waste typically involve pretreatment, drying, and finally carbonization in an anaerobic decomposition furnace to achieve resource recovery, volume reduction, and harmlessness. However, existing processes have some shortcomings: for medical and laboratory waste containing hazardous pathogens, conventional equipment requires pulverization before transferring the pulverized material to disinfection equipment. This transfer process interrupts the treatment flow and exposes the material, allowing hazardous pathogens and toxic chemicals to easily escape into the air, polluting the operating environment, posing a direct threat to the health of operators, and increasing the risk of contamination in subsequent treatments. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the main objective of this application is to provide a hazardous solid waste treatment device.

[0004] The technical solution of this application is as follows: a hazardous solid waste treatment device includes a sterilization component for disinfecting solid waste, a crushing component for double crushing of the solid waste is provided on the top of the sterilization component, a feeding funnel is provided on the top of the crushing component, and a drying component for drying the crushed and disinfected waste is provided on one side of the sterilization component.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment, the sterilization component includes a sterilization chamber disposed at the bottom of the feeding funnel. Several ultraviolet lamps are fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the sterilization chamber. A feeding plate is disposed inside the sterilization chamber. Four fixing members are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sterilization component on both sides of the feeding plate. A fixing rod is fixedly connected between each pair of fixing members. The fixing rods are slidably connected to the feeding plate. Springs are sleeved at both ends of the outer periphery of the fixing rods. The springs abut against the feeding plate and the fixing members. An inclined plate is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sterilization component.

[0006] By adopting the above technical solution, not only can the accumulation of materials in the sterilization box be avoided, but the materials on the feeding plate can also be spread evenly to ensure that each batch of materials can be fully exposed to ultraviolet light. Furthermore, the sterilized materials can be smoothly transported to the unloading box.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the sterilization assembly further includes a servo motor a fixedly installed on the rear side of the sterilization chamber. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the sterilization chamber and below the feeding plate. Two cams are fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating shaft. The output shaft of the servo motor a extends into the interior of the sterilization chamber and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft. The outer sides of the cams abut against the feeding plate.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the servo motor a drives the rotating shaft to rotate the cam, so that the cam abuts against the feeding plate and, in conjunction with the elastic action of the fixed rod and the spring, makes the feeding plate slide back and forth along the fixed rod, thereby achieving the vibration purpose of the feeding plate.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the pulverizing assembly includes a pulverizing box fixedly connected to the top of the sterilization chamber. Two rollers b are rotatably connected inside the pulverizing box, and two rollers a are rotatably connected inside the pulverizing box and below the rollers b. Pulverizing teeth are fixedly connected axially at equal intervals on the outer periphery of both rollers a and rollers b. The gap between the two rollers b is greater than the gap between the two rollers a.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, large pieces of waste can be initially crushed by roller b and crushing teeth, and then further refined by roller a to ensure that the final crushed material particles are uniform.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the crushing assembly further includes two servo motors b fixedly installed on the outside of the crushing chamber. The output shaft of one servo motor b is fixedly connected to the center of the roller shaft b, and the output shaft of the other servo motor b is fixedly connected to the center of the roller shaft a. One end of both the roller shaft b and the roller shaft a extends to the outside of the crushing chamber and is fixedly connected with gears. The two gears are meshed together.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution, the rotation of the output shaft of the servo motor b drives the roller shaft to rotate, thereby relying on gear meshing transmission to drive the two roller shafts b or roller shaft a to rotate simultaneously.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the drying assembly includes a drying chamber located on one side of the bottom of the sterilization chamber. A stirring paddle is rotatably mounted inside the drying chamber. A drive motor a is fixedly mounted on the outside of the drying chamber. The output shaft of the drive motor a is fixedly connected to the rotation shaft of the stirring paddle. A feeding box is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sterilization chamber. A feeding pipe is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feeding box. The end of the feeding pipe away from the sterilization chamber extends into the interior of the drying chamber.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the air outlet is connected to the high-temperature steam generated by the steam boiler, which, together with the rotation of the stirring paddle driven by the drive motor a, makes the material continuously tumble in the drying box, and the high-temperature steam comes into full contact with the material to achieve rapid drying.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, the drying assembly further includes an air outlet fixedly connected to the top of the feed pipe, with a steam boiler connected to the end of the air outlet away from the feed pipe, and an air outlet fixedly connected to the outside of the drying assembly, with a filter fixedly installed on the outside of the air outlet.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution and by setting up a filter, the exhaust gas containing trace pollutants generated during the drying process can be filtered and treated before being discharged.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment, a butterfly plate is rotatably mounted inside the feeding pipe, and a drive motor b is fixedly mounted on the outside of the feeding pipe. The output shaft of the drive motor b extends into the inside of the feeding pipe and is fixedly connected to the rotation shaft of the butterfly plate. A door is hinged to the outside of the drying chamber.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution and using the hinged door of the drying chamber, the equipment can be easily cleaned and maintained, thus improving its ease of use.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this application are as follows: 1. In this application, when sterilizing pulverized solid waste, a servo motor a can be used to drive a rotating shaft to rotate a cam. This causes the cam to contact the feeding plate, and in conjunction with the elastic action of the fixed rod and spring, the feeding plate slides back and forth along the fixed rod, thereby achieving the vibration of the feeding plate. This not only prevents the material from accumulating in the sterilization chamber and ensures that the material on the feeding plate is evenly spread, ensuring that each batch of material can fully contact ultraviolet light and improving the uniformity of sterilization, but also smoothly transports the sterilized material to the unloading box. The entire process is relatively closed, with no material exposure, effectively preventing dangerous bacteria and toxic chemicals from escaping into the air, protecting the operating environment from pollution, and ensuring the health and safety of the operators.

[0020] 2. In this application, when crushing solid waste, the output shaft of the servo motor b can be rotated to drive the roller shaft to rotate. This is achieved by gear meshing, which in turn drives two roller shafts b or roller shaft a to rotate simultaneously. Large pieces of waste can be initially crushed by roller shaft b and crushing teeth, and then further refined by roller shaft a to ensure that the final crushed material particles are uniform. This graded crushing method not only avoids the problem of incomplete crushing caused by the difference in particle size of materials in a single crushing, but also provides a suitable material form for subsequent disinfection and drying processes. Fine particles can increase the contact area with ultraviolet rays and high-temperature steam, which can greatly improve the disinfection and sterilization efficiency and drying rate. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This application provides an overall perspective view of a hazardous solid waste treatment device; Figure 2 This application provides an internal cross-sectional view of a hazardous solid waste treatment device; Figure 3 This application provides a schematic diagram of a sterilization component for a hazardous solid waste treatment device; Figure 4 This application provides a partial schematic diagram of a hazardous solid waste treatment device; Figure 5 This application provides a schematic diagram of the crushing component of a hazardous solid waste treatment device.

[0022] Legend: 1. Sterilization component; 11. Sterilization box; 12. Servo motor a; 13. Cam; 14. Rotating shaft; 15. Fixing component; 16. Fixing rod; 17. Spring; 18. Feeding plate; 19. Ultraviolet lamp; 2. Crushing component; 21. Crushing box; 22. Roller a; 23. Roller b; 24. Crushing teeth; 25. Gear; 26. Servo motor b; 3. Inclined plate; 4. Drying component; 41. Drying box; 42. Air outlet; 43. Stirring paddle; 44. Filter; 45. Air outlet; 46. Drive motor a; 5. Feeding pipe; 6. Feeding box; 7. Drive motor b; 8. Butterfly plate; 9. Feeding funnel. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0024] Reference Figure 1-5A hazardous solid waste treatment device includes a sterilization component 1 for disinfecting solid waste, a crushing component 2 for double crushing of solid waste at the top of the sterilization component 1, a feeding funnel 9 at the top of the crushing component 2, and a drying component 4 for drying the crushed and disinfected waste on one side of the sterilization component 1.

[0025] Specifically, the sterilization component 1 includes a sterilization box 11 located at the bottom of the feeding funnel 9. Several ultraviolet lamps 19 are fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the sterilization box 11. A feeding plate 18 is provided inside the sterilization box 11. Four fixing parts 15 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sterilization component 1 on both sides of the feeding plate 18. Fixing rods 16 are fixedly connected between each pair of fixing parts 15. Through the setting of the servo motor a12, the rotating shaft 14 is driven to drive the cam 13 to rotate, so that the cam 13 abuts against the feeding plate 18 and, in conjunction with the elastic action of the fixing rods 16 and the spring 17, makes the feeding plate 18 slide back and forth along the fixing rods 16, thereby achieving the purpose of vibration of the feeding plate 18. This not only prevents the material from accumulating in the sterilization box 11, but also ensures that the material on the feeding plate 18 can be evenly spread, ensuring that each batch of material can fully contact the ultraviolet light and improve the uniformity of sterilization, but also smoothly transports the sterilized material into the feeding box 6. The fixing rods 16 are all slidably connected to the feeding plate 18. Springs 17 are fitted at both ends of the outer periphery of the fixing rod 16. The springs 17 abut against the feeding plate 18 and the fixing member 15. An inclined plate 3 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sterilization component 1. The sterilization component 1 also includes a servo motor a12 fixedly installed on the rear side of the sterilization box 11. A rotating shaft 14 is rotatably connected inside the sterilization box 11 and below the feeding plate 18. Two cams 13 are fixedly connected to the outer side of the rotating shaft 14. The output shaft of the servo motor a12 extends into the sterilization box 11 and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 14. The outer sides of the cams 13 abut against the feeding plate 18. The crushing component 2 includes a crushing box 21 fixedly connected to the top of the sterilization box 11. Two rollers b23 are rotatably connected inside the crushing box 21. Two rollers a22 are rotatably connected inside the crushing box 21 and below the rollers b23. Crushing teeth 24 are fixedly connected equidistantly along the axial direction on the outer periphery of rollers a22 and rollers b23. The gap between the two rollers b23 is greater than the gap between the two rollers a22.

[0026] Specifically, the crushing assembly 2 also includes two servo motors b26 fixedly installed on the outside of the crushing box 21. When crushing solid waste, the output shafts of the servo motors b26 rotate to drive the rollers to rotate. Through the meshing transmission of gears 25, the two rollers b23 or roller a22 rotate simultaneously. Large pieces of waste can be initially crushed by rollers b23 and crushing teeth 24, and then further refined by roller a22 to ensure that the final crushed material particles are uniform. This graded crushing method not only avoids the problem of incomplete crushing caused by differences in particle size in a single crushing, but also provides a suitable material form for subsequent disinfection and drying processes—fine particles can increase their susceptibility to ultraviolet light and high temperature. The increased steam contact area significantly improves disinfection efficiency and drying rate. One servo motor b26's output shaft is fixedly connected to the center of roller b23, and the other servo motor b26's output shaft is fixedly connected to the center of roller a22. One end of both roller b23 and roller a22 extends to the outside of the crushing chamber 21 and is fixedly connected to a gear 25. The two gears 25 mesh with each other. The drying assembly 4 includes a drying chamber 41 located on one side of the bottom of the sterilization chamber 11. A stirring paddle 43 is rotatably installed inside the drying chamber 41. The disinfected material enters the drying chamber 41 through the feeding pipe 5. The disc plate 8 inside the feeding pipe 5 can flexibly adjust the feeding rate under the control of the drive motor b7, preventing the material from being processed all at once. A large amount of material entering the drying chamber 41 leads to insufficient drying. A drive motor a46 is fixedly installed on the outside of the drying chamber 41. The output shaft of the drive motor a46 is fixedly connected to the rotation shaft of the stirring paddle 43. A feeding box 6 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sterilization chamber 11, and a feeding pipe 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feeding box 6. During the drying process, high-temperature steam generated by a steam boiler is introduced into the air outlet 42. This, combined with the rotation of the stirring paddle 43 driven by the drive motor a46, causes the material to continuously tumble inside the drying chamber 41, ensuring full contact between the high-temperature steam and the material for rapid drying. At the same time, a filter 44 is connected to the air outlet 45 on the outside of the drying chamber 41 to filter the exhaust gas containing trace pollutants generated during the drying process before discharge, preventing tail gas emissions. To prevent air pollution, the end of the feed pipe 5 away from the sterilization chamber 11 extends into the interior of the drying chamber 41. The drying assembly 4 also includes an air outlet 42 fixedly connected to the top of the feed pipe 5. The end of the air outlet 42 away from the feed pipe 5 is connected to a steam boiler. An air outlet 45 is fixedly connected to the outside of the drying assembly 4. A filter 44 is fixedly installed on the outside of the air outlet 45. A butterfly plate 8 is rotatably installed inside the feed pipe 5. A drive motor b7 is fixedly installed on the outside of the feed pipe 5. The output shaft of the drive motor b7 extends into the interior of the feed pipe 5 and is fixedly connected to the rotation shaft of the butterfly plate 8. A door is hinged to the outside of the drying chamber 41. The hinged door of the drying chamber 41 facilitates later cleaning and maintenance and improves the ease of use of the equipment.

[0027] Working principle: First, solid waste enters the crushing box 21 through the feeding funnel 9. Then, the servo motor b26 is started by the external controller. The rotation of the output shaft of the servo motor b26 drives the roller shaft to rotate. Through the meshing transmission of the gear 25, the two roller shafts b23 or roller shaft a22 rotate simultaneously. The roller shaft b23 and the crushing teeth 24 can initially crush large pieces of waste. Then, the roller shaft a22 further refines the waste, ensuring that the final crushed material particles are uniform. Subsequently, when sterilizing the crushed solid waste, the servo motor a12 drives the rotating shaft 14 to rotate the cam 13. The cam 13 abuts against the feeding plate 18, and with the elastic action of the fixed rod 16 and the spring 17, the feeding plate 18 reciprocates along the fixed rod 16. The material slides, thus achieving the vibration purpose of the feeding plate 18. With the setting of ultraviolet lamp 19, the material can be disinfected by ultraviolet light in all directions, effectively killing dangerous bacteria in medical laboratory waste. Then, it enters the drying chamber 41 through the feeding pipe 5. During the drying process, the air outlet 42 is connected to the high-temperature steam generated by the steam boiler. With the drive motor a46 driving the stirring paddle 43 to rotate, the material is continuously turned in the drying chamber 41. The high-temperature steam comes into full contact with the material, achieving rapid drying. Finally, the staff can open the door to take out the dried waste. The ultraviolet lamp 19 in this device has the same principle as the resource utilization equipment and method for hazardous solid waste of Chinese Patent Publication No. CN118237369B. It belongs to the prior art and does not need to be described in detail.

[0028] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A hazardous solid waste treatment device, comprising a sterilization component (1) for disinfecting solid waste, characterized in that: The sterilization component (1) is provided with a crushing component (2) for double crushing of fixed waste at the top. The crushing component (2) is provided with a feeding funnel (9) at the top. The sterilization component (1) is provided with a drying component (4) for drying the crushed and disinfected waste on one side.

2. The hazardous solid waste treatment equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sterilization component (1) includes a sterilization box (11) set at the bottom of the feeding funnel (9). Several ultraviolet lamps (19) are fixedly installed on the top of the inner wall of the sterilization box (11). A feeding plate (18) is set inside the sterilization box (11). Four fasteners (15) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sterilization component (1) and on both sides of the feeding plate (18). A fixing rod (16) is fixedly connected between each pair of the fixing rods (15). The fixing rods (16) are slidably connected to the feeding plate (18). Springs (17) are sleeved on both ends of the outer periphery of the fixing rods (16). The springs (17) abut against the feeding plate (18) and the fixing rods (15). An inclined plate (3) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sterilization component (1).

3. The hazardous solid waste treatment equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sterilization component (1) also includes a servo motor a (12) fixedly installed on the rear side of the sterilization box (11). Inside the sterilization box (11) and below the feeding plate (18), a rotating shaft (14) is rotatably connected. Two cams (13) are fixedly connected to the outside of the rotating shaft (14). The output shaft of the servo motor a (12) extends into the inside of the sterilization box (11) and is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (14). The outside of the cams (13) all abut against the feeding plate (18).

4. The hazardous solid waste treatment equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The pulverizing assembly (2) includes a pulverizing box (21) fixedly connected to the top of the sterilization box (11). Two rollers b (23) are rotatably connected inside the pulverizing box (21). Two rollers a (22) are rotatably connected inside the pulverizing box (21) and below the rollers b (23). Pulverizing teeth (24) are fixedly connected equidistantly along the axial direction on the outer periphery of both rollers a (22) and rollers b (23). The gap between the two rollers b (23) is greater than the gap between the two rollers a (22).

5. A hazardous solid waste treatment device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The crushing assembly (2) also includes two servo motors b (26) fixedly installed on the outside of the crushing box (21). The output shaft of one of the servo motors b (26) is fixedly connected to the center of the roller b (23), and the output shaft of the other servo motor b (26) is fixedly connected to the center of the roller a (22). One end of both the roller b (23) and the roller a (22) extends to the outside of the crushing box (21) and is fixedly connected with a gear (25). The two gears (25) are meshed together.

6. The hazardous solid waste treatment equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The drying assembly (4) includes a drying chamber (41) located on one side of the bottom of the sterilization chamber (11). A stirring paddle (43) is rotatably installed inside the drying chamber (41). A drive motor a (46) is fixedly installed on the outside of the drying chamber (41). The output shaft of the drive motor a (46) is fixedly connected to the rotation shaft of the stirring paddle (43). A feeding box (6) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sterilization chamber (11). A feeding pipe (5) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the feeding box (6). The end of the feeding pipe (5) away from the sterilization chamber (11) extends into the interior of the drying chamber (41).

7. A hazardous solid waste treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The drying assembly (4) also includes an air outlet (42) fixedly connected to the top of the feed pipe (5). The end of the air outlet (42) away from the feed pipe (5) is connected to a steam boiler. An air outlet (45) is fixedly connected to the outside of the drying assembly (4). A filter (44) is fixedly installed on the outside of the air outlet (45).

8. A hazardous solid waste treatment device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inside of the feeding pipe (5) is rotatably mounted with a butterfly plate (8), and the outside of the feeding pipe (5) is fixedly mounted with a drive motor b (7). The output shaft of the drive motor b (7) extends into the inside of the feeding pipe (5) and is fixedly connected to the rotation shaft of the butterfly plate (8). The outside of the drying chamber (41) is hinged with a door.

Images