A hazardous waste comprehensive utilization device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of hazardous waste comprehensive utilization device, including shredder, preheating furnace, first heater, reaction furnace, second heater and condenser;First heater is equipped on preheating furnace, for controlling the temperature in preheating furnace;Second heater is equipped on reaction furnace, for controlling the temperature in reaction furnace;Stirring and wall cleaning mechanism are equipped in reaction furnace;Solid / solid hazardous waste is entered by the import of shredder, the import of preheating furnace is connected with the export of shredder, the material import of reaction furnace is connected with the export of preheating furnace, reaction furnace also has gas export and hot slag export, gas export is connected with gas-oil separation mechanism, hot slag export is connected with residual processing mechanism.The utility model can solve the problem of feeding difficulty, reactor wall sticking is serious, coking is serious and difficult to remove, etc., and can also realize the recycling of pyrolysis oil and gas.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of comprehensive utilization technology of hazardous waste, and in particular to a device for hazardous waste treatment and gas and oil recovery. Background Technology

[0002] Comprehensive utilization of hazardous waste is a crucial aspect of sustainable industrial development. When treating hazardous waste, appropriate treatment methods are selected based on its source and physical and chemical properties. Currently, various hazardous waste treatment technologies have been developed, including incineration, landfill, biological treatment, chemical treatment, and pyrolysis. Among these, pyrolysis is a commonly used method, capable of recovering and utilizing oil and gas generated during the process, making it an important approach for comprehensive utilization of hazardous waste. However, this method presents numerous challenges when treating hazardous wastes such as oil sludge, sewage sludge, and bottom liquid. Because these types of hazardous wastes are solid or semi-solid with poor flowability, they cause difficulties in feeding, severe adhesion to reactor walls, and significant and difficult-to-remove coking.

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a comprehensive utilization device for low-flow solid / semi-solid hazardous waste such as oil sludge, sewage sludge, and bottom liquid of a tower. It can solve problems such as difficulty in feeding, severe adhesion to the reactor wall, and severe coking that is difficult to remove. It can also realize the recovery and utilization of pyrolysis oil and gas. Utility Model Content

[0004] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, this utility model provides a device for the comprehensive utilization of hazardous waste.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A hazardous waste comprehensive utilization device includes a shredder, a preheating furnace, a first heater, a reaction furnace, a second heater, and a condenser; The preheating furnace is equipped with a first heater to control the temperature inside the preheating furnace; The reactor is equipped with a second heater to control the temperature inside the reactor; the reactor is also equipped with a stirring and vessel wall cleaning mechanism. Solid / semi-solid hazardous waste enters through the inlet of the shredder, the outlet of the shredder is connected to the inlet of the preheating furnace, the outlet of the preheating furnace is connected to the material inlet of the reactor, the reactor also has a gas outlet and a hot slag outlet, the gas outlet is connected to the gas-oil separation mechanism, and the hot slag outlet is connected to the residue treatment mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the reactor is horizontally positioned, and the stirring and wall cleaning mechanism includes a rotating shaft that passes horizontally through the center of the reactor. One end of the rotating shaft is connected to a motor drive. Radially extending rakes are arranged on the rotating shaft along its length and circumference. The ends of the rakes are equipped with rake heads that contact and engage with the inner wall of the reactor.

[0007] Furthermore, the material inlet of the reactor is located at the upper left end of the reactor, the gas outlet of the reactor is located at the upper right end of the reactor, and the hot slag outlet of the reactor is located at the lower right end of the reactor.

[0008] Furthermore, the preheating furnace is vertically arranged, with the lower end of the preheating furnace serving as the outlet and the upper end as the inlet; a feed valve is provided at the connection between the lower outlet of the preheating furnace and the material inlet of the reaction furnace.

[0009] Furthermore, the shredder is located at the upper inlet of the preheating furnace.

[0010] Furthermore, the first heater is an electromagnetic heater, and the first heater is arranged around the furnace body of the preheating furnace; The second heater is an electromagnetic heater, and it is arranged around the furnace body of the reactor.

[0011] Furthermore, the gas-oil separation mechanism includes a first-stage gas-oil separation unit and a second-stage gas-oil separation unit; The first-stage gas-oil separation unit includes a first heavy oil separator, a first oil tank, and a first condenser. The inlet of the first heavy oil separator is connected to the gas outlet of the reactor, the gas outlet of the first heavy oil separator is connected to the gas inlet of the first condenser, the oil outlet of the first heavy oil separator is connected to the first oil tank, and the liquid outlet of the first condenser is connected to the first oil tank. The second-stage gas-oil separation unit includes a second condenser, a third condenser, and a second oil tank. The gas inlet of the second condenser is connected to the gas outlet of the first condenser, the liquid outlet of the second condenser is connected to the second oil tank, the gas outlet of the second condenser is connected to the gas inlet of the third condenser, the liquid outlet of the third condenser is connected to the second oil tank, the gas outlet of the third condenser is connected to the inlet of the desliming unit, and the outlet of the desliming unit is connected to an exhaust fan.

[0012] Furthermore, the first oil tank and the second oil tank are connected by an oil pipeline and controlled by a valve, and the second oil tank is equipped with an oil pump.

[0013] Furthermore, the residue treatment mechanism includes a cooling stirring cage, and a heat exchanger is provided outside the cooling stirring cage; the cooling stirring cage has a hot slag inlet and a cooling slag outlet, and the hot slag inlet is connected to the hot slag outlet of the reactor.

[0014] Furthermore, an airtight valve is provided between the hot slag inlet of the cooling agitator and the hot slag outlet of the reactor.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention solves the problems of material sticking to the reactor wall and severe coking that is difficult to remove by setting up a stirring and vessel wall cleaning mechanism.

[0016] This invention features convenient feeding and enables the recovery and reuse of pyrolysis oil and gas. The gas produced after the reaction in the furnace enters the gas-oil separation mechanism through the gas outlet, where it is separated into pyrolysis oil and non-condensable gas for separate recovery and reuse. The solid residue after the reaction enters the residue treatment mechanism through the hot slag outlet for cooling and discharge. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model.

[0018] The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of this patent. To better illustrate this embodiment, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual dimensions of the product. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions may be omitted in the drawings. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0020] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a hazardous waste comprehensive utilization device, including a shredder 1, a preheating furnace 2, a reaction furnace 5, a gas-oil separation mechanism, and a residue treatment mechanism.

[0021] The reactor 5 is horizontally positioned and is equipped with a stirring and wall cleaning mechanism. A second electromagnetic heater 6 is arranged around the reactor body of the reactor 5 to control the temperature inside the reactor. The pyrolysis temperature range is 400-500 ℃.

[0022] Specifically, the stirring and vessel wall cleaning mechanism includes a rotating shaft 7 that passes horizontally through the center of the reactor 5. The two ends of the rotating shaft 7 are respectively connected to the first motor 10 and the second motor 11, and the rotating shaft 7 is driven to rotate by the two motors. Radially extending rakes 8 are arranged on the rotating shaft 7 along its length and circumference. The ends of the rakes 8 are provided with rake heads 9, which are in contact with the inner wall of the reactor 5.

[0023] When the stirring and vessel wall cleaning mechanism is working, the rotating shaft 7 is driven by two motors, which in turn drives the rake head 9 and rake rod 8 to rotate continuously, so that the reactants are evenly distributed in the reactor and the materials adhering to the vessel wall are removed in time.

[0024] The reactor 5 has a material inlet, a gas outlet 12 and a hot slag outlet 13. The material inlet is located at the upper left end of the reactor, the gas outlet 12 is located at the upper right end of the reactor, and the hot slag outlet 13 is located at the lower right end of the reactor.

[0025] The preheating furnace 2 is vertically arranged, with its lower end serving as the outlet and its upper end as the inlet. The lower outlet of the preheating furnace 2 is connected to the material inlet of the reactor 5, and a feed valve 4 is provided at the connection point. The shredder 1 is located at the upper inlet of the preheating furnace 2.

[0026] The preheating furnace 2 is surrounded by a first electromagnetic heater 3, which controls the temperature inside the preheating furnace. The preheating temperature range is 200-300 ℃.

[0027] Gas outlet 12 of reactor 5 is connected to gas-oil separation mechanism, and hot slag outlet 13 is connected to slag treatment mechanism.

[0028] Specifically, the residue handling mechanism includes a cooling agitator 15, and a heat exchanger 16 is provided outside the cooling agitator 15. The heat exchanger 16 has a heat exchanger inlet 17 and a heat exchanger outlet 18. The cooling agitator has a hot slag inlet and a cooling slag outlet 19. The hot slag inlet is connected to the hot slag outlet 13 of the reactor, and an airtight valve 14 is provided at the connection between the two.

[0029] Specifically, the gas-oil separation mechanism includes a first-stage gas-oil separation unit and a second-stage gas-oil separation unit.

[0030] The first-stage gas-oil separation unit includes a first heavy oil separator 20, a first oil tank 21, and a first condenser 22. The inlet of the first heavy oil separator 20 is connected to the gas outlet 12 of the reactor 5, the oil outlet of the first heavy oil separator 20 is connected to the first oil tank 21, the gas outlet of the first heavy oil separator 20 is connected to the gas inlet of the first condenser 22, and the liquid outlet of the first condenser 22 is connected to the first oil tank 21.

[0031] The first condenser 22 has both a first condenser inlet 23 and a first condenser outlet 24, which are used to introduce cooling water to condense the gas entering the first condenser.

[0032] The second-stage gas-oil separation unit includes a second condenser 25, a third condenser 29, and a second oil tank 28. The gas inlet of the second condenser 25 is connected to the gas outlet of the first condenser 22, the liquid outlet of the second condenser 25 is connected to the second oil tank 28, the gas outlet of the second condenser 25 is connected to the gas inlet of the third condenser 29, the liquid outlet of the third condenser 29 is connected to the second oil tank 28, the gas outlet of the third condenser 29 is connected to the inlet of the desiccant 32, and the outlet of the desiccant 32 is connected to an exhaust fan 33.

[0033] The second condenser 25 has both a second condenser inlet 26 and a second condenser outlet 27, for introducing cooling water to condense the gas entering the second condenser. The third condenser 29 has both a third condenser inlet 30 and a third condenser outlet 31, for introducing cooling water to condense the gas entering the third condenser.

[0034] The first oil tank 21 and the second oil tank 28 are connected by an oil pipeline and controlled by a valve. The second oil tank 28 is equipped with an oil pump 34.

[0035] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: Packaged, low-flowability solid / semi-solid hazardous waste (oil sludge, sewage sludge, bottom liquor, etc.) is directly fed into shredder 1. After shredding, the material enters preheating furnace 2, which is heated to 200-300℃ by first electromagnetic heater 1. Then, the material is controlled by feed valve 4 to enter reactor 5 for pyrolysis. The temperature inside the reactor is controlled by second electromagnetic heater 6, with the pyrolysis temperature range being 400-500℃.

[0036] The reactor is the main site for pyrolysis reactions. A stirring and vessel wall cleaning mechanism is designed inside the reactor. This device is driven by a motor 10 to rotate a shaft 7. The shaft is connected to a rake rod 8 with a rake head 9. Through the continuous rotation of the rake head 9 and the rake rod 8, the reactants are evenly distributed in the reactor and the materials adhering to the vessel wall are removed in time, thereby solving the problems of material sticking to the reactor wall and severe coking that is difficult to remove.

[0037] The hot solid residue after the reaction enters the cooling stirring cage 15 through the hot slag outlet 13. The cooling stirring cage 15 is equipped with a heat exchanger 16. The cooled residue is discharged through the cooling slag outlet 19.

[0038] The gas after the reaction enters the heavy oil separator 20 through the gas outlet 12. After direct separation, the heavy oil enters the first oil tank 21. The gas components enter the first condenser 22. The condensed oil components enter the first oil tank 21. The uncondensed gas enters the second condenser 22 for secondary condensation. The condensed oil components enter the second oil tank 28. The uncondensed gas enters the third condenser 29 for tertiary condensation. The condensed oil components enter the second oil tank 28. The uncondensed non-condensable gas enters the deliquer 32 for deliquification. The deliquified gas is output through the exhaust fan 33.

[0039] The oil in the first oil tank 21 and the second oil tank 28 is discharged by the oil pump 34.

[0040] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate and not limit the technical solutions of this utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model. Any modifications or partial substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

[0041] If the terms "first" or "second" are used in this document to define the components, those skilled in the art should know that the use of "first" or "second" is merely for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning.

[0042] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0043] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

Claims

1. A device for the comprehensive utilization of hazardous waste, characterized in that: It includes a shredder, a preheating furnace, a first heater, a reaction furnace, a second heater, and a condenser; The preheating furnace is equipped with a first heater to control the temperature inside the preheating furnace; The reactor is equipped with a second heater to control the temperature inside the reactor; the reactor is also equipped with a stirring and vessel wall cleaning mechanism. Solid / semi-solid hazardous waste enters through the inlet of the shredder, the outlet of the shredder is connected to the inlet of the preheating furnace, the outlet of the preheating furnace is connected to the material inlet of the reactor, the reactor also has a gas outlet and a hot slag outlet, the gas outlet is connected to the gas-oil separation mechanism, and the hot slag outlet is connected to the residue treatment mechanism.

2. The hazardous waste comprehensive utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reactor is horizontally positioned, and the stirring and wall cleaning mechanism includes a rotating shaft that passes horizontally through the center of the reactor. One end of the rotating shaft is connected to a motor drive. Radially extending rakes are arranged on the rotating shaft along its length and circumference. The ends of the rakes are equipped with rake heads that contact and engage with the inner wall of the reactor.

3. The hazardous waste comprehensive utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material inlet of the reactor is located at the upper left end of the reactor, the gas outlet of the reactor is located at the upper right end of the reactor, and the hot slag outlet of the reactor is located at the lower right end of the reactor.

4. The hazardous waste comprehensive utilization device according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: The preheating furnace is vertically arranged, with the lower end serving as the outlet and the upper end as the inlet; a feed valve is provided at the connection between the lower outlet of the preheating furnace and the material inlet of the reaction furnace.

5. The hazardous waste comprehensive utilization device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The shredder is located at the upper inlet of the preheating furnace.

6. The hazardous waste comprehensive utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first heater is an electromagnetic heater, and the first heater is arranged around the furnace body of the preheating furnace; The second heater is an electromagnetic heater, and it is arranged around the furnace body of the reactor.

7. The hazardous waste comprehensive utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gas-oil separation mechanism includes a first-stage gas-oil separation unit and a second-stage gas-oil separation unit. The first-stage gas-oil separation unit includes a first heavy oil separator, a first oil tank, and a first condenser. The inlet of the first heavy oil separator is connected to the gas outlet of the reactor, the gas outlet of the first heavy oil separator is connected to the gas inlet of the first condenser, the oil outlet of the first heavy oil separator is connected to the first oil tank, and the liquid outlet of the first condenser is connected to the first oil tank. The second-stage gas-oil separation unit includes a second condenser, a third condenser, and a second oil tank. The gas inlet of the second condenser is connected to the gas outlet of the first condenser, the liquid outlet of the second condenser is connected to the second oil tank, the gas outlet of the second condenser is connected to the gas inlet of the third condenser, the liquid outlet of the third condenser is connected to the second oil tank, the gas outlet of the third condenser is connected to the inlet of the desliming unit, and the outlet of the desliming unit is connected to an exhaust fan.

8. The hazardous waste comprehensive utilization device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first oil tank and the second oil tank are connected by an oil pipeline and controlled by a valve. The second oil tank is equipped with an oil pump.

9. The hazardous waste comprehensive utilization device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The residue treatment mechanism includes a cooling stirring cage, and a heat exchanger is provided outside the cooling stirring cage; the cooling stirring cage has a hot slag inlet and a cooling slag outlet, and the hot slag inlet is connected to the hot slag outlet of the reactor.

10. The hazardous waste comprehensive utilization device according to claim 9, characterized in that: An airtight valve is provided between the hot slag inlet of the cooling agitator and the hot slag outlet of the reactor.

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