Hemispherical shell forging forming device

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of hemispherical shell forging forming device, it is related to forging technical field, by placing blank on the notch of recess, in once orthosteric state, tire membrane main part is placed on lower anvil plate, punch assembly presses blank, blank is pressed into recess, and the forging of hemispherical structure is formed, subsequently whole device is inverted, centering ring is supported on lower anvil plate, tire membrane main part and tire membrane core are separated from forging, subsequently device is orthosteric again, punch assembly is separated from forging, by this, hemispherical shell type forging forming, demoulding all steps, relieve ordinary forging press equipment forming hemispherical shell type forging production efficiency low, size precision is poor, demoulding difficult or professional stamping equipment forming hemispherical shell type forging equipment and mould complex, the technical problem of high cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of forging technology, and in particular to a forging and forming device for hemispherical shell forgings. Background Technology

[0002] Hemispherical shell forgings, as an important type of structural component, are widely used in aerospace, energy, and chemical industries. These forgings are characterized by thin walls and symmetrical structures, and their forming quality directly affects the mechanical properties and service life of the final product. In traditional manufacturing processes, two main technical routes are used for forming such thin-walled, complex curved surface parts: one is die forging based on ordinary forging equipment, and the other is stamping forming technology using specialized stamping equipment.

[0003] Die forging involves installing specialized dies on ordinary forging equipment to achieve forming. The process includes blanking, heating, pre-forging, and final forging. While this process has lower equipment requirements, it suffers from insufficient die positioning accuracy and difficulty in controlling metal flow, resulting in poor dimensional consistency of forgings and susceptibility to deformation during demolding. Stamping, on the other hand, achieves higher dimensional accuracy but requires large-tonnage specialized presses, has complex die systems, requires significant initial equipment investment, and lacks process flexibility, making it difficult to adapt to the needs of multi-variety, small-batch production. Both of these traditional processes have significant limitations in efficiency, accuracy, and economy, hindering the large-scale, high-quality production of hemispherical forgings. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a forging and forming device for hemispherical shell forgings, so as to alleviate the technical problems of low production efficiency, poor dimensional accuracy, and difficulty in demolding of hemispherical shell forgings formed by ordinary forging equipment, or the complex and costly equipment and molds for forming hemispherical shell forgings formed by professional stamping equipment.

[0005] The present invention provides a forging and forming device for hemispherical shell forgings, which is used to place the forging and forming device on a lower anvil. The forging and forming device for hemispherical shell forgings includes: a membrane body, a membrane core, a centering ring, and a punch assembly. The main body of the membrane has a hemispherical groove, and the opening of the groove can support the blank. The membrane core is disposed in the membrane body, and the membrane core is located at the bottom end of the groove; The centering ring can abut against the membrane body, the punch assembly is inserted into the centering ring, and the punch assembly is configured to press the blank into the groove; The hemispherical shell forging device has a normal position and an inverted position. In the normal position, the membrane body is placed on the lower anvil. In the inverted position, the lower anvil supports the centering ring.

[0006] In an optional implementation, The punch assembly includes a punch sleeve and a punch core; The punch sleeve is fitted onto the punch core, and the punch sleeve and the punch core are connected by an interference fit. The punch sleeve and the punch core are combined at one end facing the groove to form an inner circular surface for contacting the inner side of the blank.

[0007] In an optional implementation, The end face of the punch sleeve away from the groove is flush with the end face of the punch core away from the groove.

[0008] In an optional implementation, The outer wall of the punch sleeve extends outward to form an abutment platform, which can abut against the end face of the centering ring.

[0009] In an optional implementation, The centering ring is provided with a centering hole, and the punch sleeve has a straight guide section, which is clearance-fitted with the centering hole.

[0010] In an optional implementation, The membrane body and the membrane core are fitted with a clearance, and the membrane body and the membrane core together form an outer circular surface for contacting the outer side of the blank.

[0011] In an optional implementation, The opening end of the groove has a rounded corner structure.

[0012] In an optional implementation, The main body of the fetal membrane has a protrusion on the end face facing the centering ring; A support groove is formed around the inner side of the protrusion, and the support groove is used to place the blank. The outer side of the protrusion is surrounded by a placement groove, and the end face of the centering ring facing the membrane body is provided with a boss that can extend into the placement groove.

[0013] In an optional implementation, The forging and forming device for hemispherical shell forgings also includes a gasket ring; The pad ring is used to connect to the lower anvil and the centering ring respectively to support the centering ring.

[0014] In an optional implementation, When the hemispherical shell forging device is in the inverted position, the gasket ring abuts against the end face of the centering ring away from the billet. The forging device for hemispherical shell forging has a secondary upright position. When in the secondary upright position, the gasket ring and the centering ring abut against the end face of the billet.

[0015] The hemispherical shell forging device provided by this utility model involves placing the billet on the groove opening. In the first upright position, the die body is placed on the lower anvil, and the punch assembly presses down on the billet, pressing it into the groove to form a hemispherical forging. Then, the entire device is inverted, and the centering ring is supported on the lower anvil, separating the die body and die core from the forging. Then, the device is uprighted again, and the punch assembly is separated from the forging. This completes the hemispherical shell forging and demolding process, alleviating the technical problems of low production efficiency, poor dimensional accuracy, and difficult demolding of hemispherical shell forgings using ordinary forging equipment, or the complex and costly equipment and molds for forming hemispherical shell forgings using specialized stamping equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0016] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of this utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0017] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of the forging and forming device for hemispherical shell forgings provided in an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the forging device for hemispherical shells provided in this embodiment of the present invention in a single upright position. Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the hemispherical shell forging device in an inverted state, provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the forging device for hemispherical shells provided in this embodiment of the present invention in a secondary upright state; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the membrane body and membrane core in the forging device for hemispherical shell forging provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0018] Icons: 10-Blank; 20-Lower cutting board; 30-Punch; 100-Modal body; 110-Groove; 120-Protrusion; 130-Support groove; 140-Placement groove; 200-Modal core; 300-Centering ring; 310-Boss; 400-Punch assembly; 410-Punch sleeve; 411-Abutting platform; 412-Straight guide section; 420-Punch core; 500-Washer ring. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solution of this utility model will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this utility model. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0020] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0021] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0022] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0023] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the forging and forming device for hemispherical shell forgings provided by this utility model has a reasonable overall structural design and is suitable for efficiently and accurately completing the forming and demolding of hemispherical shell forgings on ordinary forging equipment. The device includes a die body 100, a die core 200, a centering ring 300, and a punch assembly 400. The components work together to realize the entire process from clamping the blank 10, forming and pressing to smooth demolding.

[0024] like Figure 5As shown, the main body 100 of the membrane is an integral load-bearing structure, and its interior has a hemispherical groove 110. This groove 110 is used to guide the plastic deformation of the billet 10 and ultimately form a hemispherical shell shape with the required curvature. The opening end of the groove 110 is provided with a rounded corner structure, which helps to reduce stress concentration, improve the uniformity of material flow, and prevent edge cracking or wrinkling during the forming process. The diameter of the rounded corner can be about 1 / 10 of the diameter of the target hemispherical shell forging, so as to reduce the flow resistance of the billet 10 during forming and reduce the deformation resistance.

[0025] The groove area of ​​the groove 110 can directly support the blank 10 to be processed, ensuring accurate and stable initial positioning. The mold core 200 is set inside the mold body 100 and located at the bottom center of the groove 110. It is connected to the mold body 100 with a clearance fit to ensure that the mold core can be smoothly discharged from the mold body. The outer surfaces of the two together form a continuous and smooth outer cylindrical surface of the target forging after taking into account the thermal shrinkage rate, so as to ensure the forming accuracy of the outer wall of the forging. The main body of the membrane 100 has a protrusion 120 structure on the end face facing the centering ring 300. The inner side of the protrusion 120 forms an annular support groove 130 for placing the blank 10, so that the blank 10 remains horizontal and does not shift before pressing. The outer side of the protrusion 120 forms a placement groove 140 for accommodating the corresponding boss 310 structure on the centering ring 300, so as to achieve precise docking and positioning between the upper and lower parts. The diameter of the support groove 130 is 5mm to 10mm larger than the diameter of the blank 10, and the groove depth is 50mm to 100mm larger than the wall thickness of the blank 10, so as to ensure that the blank 10 can be smoothly placed into the support groove 130 and in the centering position.

[0026] It should be noted that after the punch sleeve 410 and the punch core 420 are assembled, the end face of the punch sleeve 410 away from the groove 110 is flush with the end face of the punch core 420 away from the groove 110.

[0027] The centering ring 300, as a key component for guidance and positioning, has a through-hole for guiding the punch assembly 400 to press down vertically and avoid uneven loading. The end of the centering ring 300 facing the membrane body 100 has a boss 310, which can extend into the placement groove 140 on the membrane body 100 to achieve radial alignment and axial limiting, improving the coaxiality and stability of the overall assembly.

[0028] The punch assembly 400 consists of a punch sleeve 410 and a punch core 420. The punch sleeve 410 is fitted over the punch core 420, and the two are firmly connected by an interference fit to ensure that no relative slippage occurs during high-pressure forging. The punch sleeve 410 and the end of the punch core 420 near the groove 110 together form an inner circular surface that matches the curvature of the inner wall of the blank 10. This surface contacts the inner side of the blank 10 and pushes the material to deform uniformly along the groove 110 of the die body 100 during the pressing process.

[0029] The outer wall of the punch sleeve 410 is provided with an outwardly extending abutment platform 411. The abutment platform 411 can contact the end face of the centering ring 300 at the end of the pressing process, which plays a limiting role and ensures that when the forging is separated from the assembly of the punch sleeve 410 and the punch core 420, only the punch core 420 moves downward, while the punch sleeve 410 remains stationary due to the step, thus ensuring smooth separation.

[0030] The pointed tip of the punch sleeve 410 should be rounded to R10-R20mm to facilitate the assembly of the punch sleeve 410 and the punch core 420.

[0031] In addition, the punch sleeve 410 is also provided with a straight guide section 412, which is clearance-fitted with the centering hole in the centering ring 300 to ensure the straightness and stability of the punch assembly 400 during the movement process and prevent skewing that could cause mold damage or forging eccentricity.

[0032] Alternatively, the centering ring 300 should have sufficient distance between its centering holes; the lower end radius of the punch sleeve 410 and punch core 420 assembly is r, the blank 10 wall thickness is δ, the groove depth of the upper end of the mold body 110 is h, and the height of the centering hole of the centering ring 300 is h1. Then h1 + h - δ ≥ r, i.e., h1 ≥ r + δ - h; to ensure that the punch sleeve 410 and punch core 420 assembly is always aligned; the punch sleeve 410 and punch core 420 assembly should have sufficient height; the height of the punch sleeve 410 and punch core 420 assembly is H, and the height of the upper step of the punch sleeve 410 is h2. Then Hr - δ - h2 ≥ h1, i.e., H ≥ h1 + h2 + δ + r; to ensure that during the forming stage, the punch sleeve 410 and punch core 420 have sufficient downward space to ensure forming quality.

[0033] The mold body, punch sleeve 410 and punch core 420 are made of high temperature and wear resistant materials to extend the mold life.

[0034] In an optional embodiment, the hemispherical shell forging forming apparatus further includes a washer ring 500; the washer ring 500 is used to connect to the lower anvil 20 and the centering ring 300 respectively to support the centering ring 300. When the hemispherical shell forging forming apparatus is in an inverted position, the washer ring 500 abuts against the end face of the centering ring 300 away from the billet 10; the hemispherical shell forging forming apparatus has a secondary upright position. When in the secondary upright position, the washer ring 500 abuts against the end face of the centering ring 300 near the billet 10.

[0035] It should be noted that the billet 10 has the same wall thickness as the target hemispherical shell forging, but its area is 5% to 10% larger than that of the target hemispherical shell forging; this is to ensure sufficient allowance and to guarantee the dimensions of the forging. The forging and forming device for hemispherical shells provided by this utility model has the following usage steps: Step 1: Machine-cut the blank to the required size, round off the sharp corners to R5mm-R8mm, and coat the surface with thermal insulation coating; Step 2: Preheat the body 100 of the membrane, the mold core, the punch sleeve 410, and the punch core 420; then assemble the body 100 of the membrane and the mold core; place the flat surface of the punch sleeve 410 on the press anvil, then place the punch core 420 in the punch sleeve 410, and then press down the punch core 420 with the press to assist in the assembly. Step 3: Place the heated billet 10 into the pre-reserved support groove 130 on the die body 100, then place the centering ring 300 on the die body 100, and then place the punch sleeve 410 and punch core 420 assembly into the centering hole of the centering ring 300; then press the punch sleeve 410 and punch core 420 assembly down to the target distance to complete the forging; Step 4: Due to thermal expansion and contraction and friction, the forging is interference-fitted and locked with the mold body 100 and punch sleeve 410, forming a whole; rotate the mold body 100 and all parts above it 180°, place the pad ring 500 under the centering ring 300, place the punch 30 on the mold core, and press down the punch 30 with the hammer anvil to separate the forging from the mold body 100. Since the contact area between the mold core and the forging is small, they can be easily separated. Step 5: Then, rotate the entire assembly of the center ring 300, punch sleeve 410, punch core 420, and forging by 180°. Place the pad ring 500 under the center ring 300 and the punch 30 on the punch core 420. Press down the punch 30 with the hammer anvil to separate the punch sleeve 410 from the forging. The contact area between the punch core 420 and the forging is small, so they can be easily separated. This completes all the steps of forming and demolding the hemispherical shell forging.

[0036] The hemispherical shell forging device provided by this utility model can achieve rapid and efficient preparation of hemispherical shell forgings using ordinary forging equipment. It has high production efficiency, low mold cost, good forming quality, and high material utilization rate. It alleviates the technical problems of low production efficiency, poor dimensional accuracy, and difficult demolding of hemispherical shell forgings formed by ordinary forging equipment, or the complex and costly equipment and molds for forming hemispherical shell forgings by professional stamping equipment.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model, and are not intended to limit it. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model.

Claims

1. A forging and forming device for hemispherical shell forgings, characterized in that, The hemispherical shell forging forming device is used to be placed on the lower anvil (20). The hemispherical shell forging forming device includes: a membrane body (100), a membrane core (200), a centering ring (300), and a punch assembly (400). The membrane body (100) has a hemispherical groove (110), and the groove (110) can support the blank (10). The membrane core (200) is disposed in the membrane body (100), and the membrane core (200) is located at the bottom end of the groove (110); The centering ring (300) is able to abut against the membrane body (100), the punch assembly (400) is inserted into the centering ring (300), and the punch assembly (400) is configured to press the blank (10) into the groove (110); The hemispherical shell forging device has a normal position and an inverted position. In the normal position, the membrane body (100) is placed on the lower anvil (20). In the inverted position, the lower anvil (20) supports the centering ring (300).

2. The forging apparatus for hemispherical shells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The punch assembly (400) includes a punch sleeve (410) and a punch core (420). The punch sleeve (410) is sleeved on the punch core (420), and the punch sleeve (410) and the punch core (420) are connected by an interference fit; The punch sleeve (410) and the punch core (420) are combined at one end facing the groove (110) to form an inner circular surface for contacting the inside of the blank (10).

3. The forging apparatus for hemispherical shells according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end face of the punch sleeve (410) away from the groove (110) is flush with the end face of the punch core (420) away from the groove (110).

4. The forging apparatus for hemispherical shells according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer wall of the punch sleeve (410) extends outward to form an abutment platform (411), which can abut against the end face of the centering ring (300).

5. The forging apparatus for hemispherical shells according to claim 4, characterized in that, The centering ring (300) is provided with a centering hole, and the punch sleeve (410) has a straight guide section (412), which is clearance-fitted with the centering hole.

6. The forging apparatus for hemispherical shells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The membrane body (100) and the membrane core (200) are fitted with a clearance, and the membrane body (100) and the membrane core (200) are combined to form an outer circular surface for contacting the outer side of the blank (10).

7. The forging apparatus for hemispherical shells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening end of the groove (110) has a rounded corner structure.

8. The forging apparatus for hemispherical shells according to claim 1, characterized in that, The membrane body (100) has a protrusion (120) on the end face facing the centering ring (300). A support groove (130) is formed on the inner side of the protrusion (120), and the support groove (130) is used to place the blank (10). The outer side of the protrusion (120) is surrounded by a placement groove (140), and the end face of the centering ring (300) facing the membrane body (100) is provided with a boss (310), which can extend into the placement groove (140).

9. The forging apparatus for hemispherical shells according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The hemispherical shell forging device also includes a gasket (500). The pad ring (500) is used to connect to the lower anvil (20) and the centering ring (300) respectively to support the centering ring (300).

10. The forging apparatus for hemispherical shells according to claim 9, characterized in that, When the forging device for the hemispherical shell is in the inverted position, the pad ring (500) and the centering ring (300) abut against the end face away from the billet (10); The forging device for hemispherical shell forging has a secondary upright position. When in the secondary upright position, the pad ring (500) and the centering ring (300) abut against the end face of the billet (10).

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