A powder sphere extrusion molding apparatus

Abstract

The application relates to a powder ball extrusion forming device and relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy and material forming, which comprises an upper fixed plate and a guide plate, the bottom surface of the upper fixed plate is provided with a mounting plate, a plurality of upper die punches are arranged on the mounting plate in an array, the guide plate is located directly below the upper fixed plate, a plurality of ball grooves corresponding to the upper die punches are arranged in the guide plate, and a lower die punch is arranged at the inner lower end of each ball groove. The application is provided with 36 groups of upper die punches and lower die punches which are aligned in pairs, and the corresponding ball grooves are matched, so that 36 powder balls are synchronously formed in one pressing cycle, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the demand of batch production is met; the lower die punch and the upper die punch jointly complete bidirectional extrusion actions, the density gradient problem caused by unidirectional extrusion is effectively avoided, and the density of each part of the ball blank is more uniform.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of powder metallurgy and material forming, and in particular to a powder sphere extrusion molding equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Powder forming technology is an important branch of materials processing. Spherical powders are widely used in high-end manufacturing due to their advantages such as good flowability and high bulk density. Currently, the industry mainly produces spherical powders through atomization and mechanical grinding. A search of Chinese literature with publication number CN219357935U reveals a vertical powder forming device, including a machine body, guide rods, and a first movable plate. Guide rods are fixed at the corners of the top of the machine body, and the first movable plate is positioned directly above the machine body. This invention utilizes a fixed structure. Pulling a movable block causes it to move a fixing pin to one side of the snap-fit ​​groove. Then, moving the punch causes a connecting block to move into the interior of the fixed frame. When the connecting block is fully inside the fixed frame, releasing the movable block allows the reset plate to move the fixing pin through the fixed frame into the snap-fit ​​groove under the action of a return spring. This causes the fixing pin and the connecting block to snap together, thus fixing the fixed frame and the connecting block together. This design facilitates easy assembly and disassembly, thereby improving the applicability of the vertical powder forming device. The existing technology has the following drawbacks in use: low production efficiency; the device uses a traditional single-cavity mold for pressing, which is difficult to meet the needs of mass production; and the unidirectional extrusion method is used during pressing, which results in a density gradient of denser upper and sparser lower parts of the spheres, and uneven density of the pressed spheres, which affects the roundness and mechanical properties after sintering. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this application is to provide a powder sphere extrusion molding device to solve the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] In the first aspect, the powder sphere extrusion molding equipment provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: it includes an upper fixed plate and a guide plate. The bottom surface of the upper fixed plate is provided with an installation plate, and multiple upper die punches are arrayed on the installation plate. The guide plate is located directly below the upper fixed plate. The guide plate is provided with multiple ball grooves corresponding to the upper die punches. A lower die punch is installed at the lower end of each ball groove. The lower die punches are arranged vertically aligned with the upper die punches, and the number of both the lower die punches and the upper die punches is thirty-six, so as to realize multi-cavity synchronous pressing. By adopting the above technical solution, by setting up thirty-six sets of upper and lower die punches aligned vertically, and opening corresponding ball grooves on the guide plate, and by setting hemispherical grooves at the lower end of the upper die punch and the upper end of the lower die punch, and by independently cooperating with the thirty-six ball grooves, thirty-six powder balls can be formed simultaneously in one pressing cycle, which greatly improves production efficiency and meets the needs of mass production.

[0005] Preferably, both sides of the upper fixed plate and the guide plate are provided with sliders, and the two sliders on the same side are slidably connected by a guide rod provided on the outside of the upper fixed plate, so that the upper fixed plate and the guide plate can be guided to rise and fall along the guide rod; By adopting the above technical solution, and by setting sliders and guide rods on both sides of the upper fixed plate and guide plate, precise vertical guidance is provided for the closing and separation of the upper and lower dies. This effectively prevents misalignment, wear or jamming of the upper and lower die punches caused by off-center loading or installation errors, ensuring the stability of the pressing process and the service life of the die.

[0006] Preferably, a positioning rod is vertically installed at the bottom center of the mounting plate, and a positioning groove matching the positioning rod is provided at the upper center of the guide plate, and the positioning rod can be slidably inserted into the positioning groove. By adopting the above technical solution, a positioning rod is set at the bottom center of the mounting plate, and a positioning groove is set on the guide plate to cooperate with it. An additional center positioning function is provided during the mold closing process. Together with the guide rods on both sides, it forms a multi-positioning system, which ensures the precise alignment of the thirty-six sets of upper and lower die punches, and further guarantees the forming quality of the ball blank.

[0007] Preferably, a nozzle is also installed at the bottom of the mounting plate, and a flow guiding cavity is provided inside the mounting plate. The air compressor installed at the upper end of the upper fixed plate conducts gas to the inside of the nozzle through the flow guiding cavity. The nozzle is fixed at an inclined angle to the outer side of the upper end of the upper die punch. By adopting the above technical solution and setting up a purging system consisting of an air compressor, a flow guide cavity, and nozzles, with the nozzles angled towards the outside of the upper die punch, residual powder that may adhere to the surface of the upper die punch or be scattered on the edge of the ball groove can be blown away after the upper die is lifted and before demolding. This avoids powder accumulation affecting the next pressing or causing product defects, ensuring the continuity of production and the consistency of products.

[0008] Secondly, the powder sphere extrusion molding equipment provided in this application adopts the following technical solution: a guide sleeve is provided around the bottom corner of the guide plate, and a hydraulic rod is connected inside the lower end of each guide sleeve. The bottom end of the hydraulic rod is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the four sides of the base, and the hydraulic rod drives the guide plate to move up and down; a support rod is installed on both ends of the base, and the top ends of the two support rods jointly support an upper support plate. The upper support plate is located directly above the upper fixed plate, and a cylinder is installed in the middle of the upper end of the upper support plate. The output end of the cylinder is fixed to the middle of the upper end of the upper fixed plate and is used to drive the upper fixed plate to move up and down. By adopting the above technical solution, the guide sleeve connected to the guide plate is driven by the hydraulic rods set around the base, realizing the stable and controllable lifting and lowering movement of the guide plate and the lower die punch on it. In addition, the upper die drive mechanism composed of the upper support plate, support rod and cylinder provides a stable and reliable power source for the upper fixed plate on which the upper die punch is installed, so that the lower die punch and the upper die punch can jointly complete the bidirectional extrusion action, effectively avoiding the density gradient problem caused by unidirectional extrusion, and making the density of each part of the ball blank more uniform.

[0009] Preferably, an ejector plate is installed on the upper surface of the base, and the ejector plate is correspondingly limited and installed to the lower die punch and the return needle mechanism provided inside the lower die punch; By adopting the above technical solution, the ejector plate limits the lower end of the return needle mechanism, preventing the lower end of the return needle mechanism from moving up and down with the rise and fall of the lower die punch, ensuring that the lower end of the return needle mechanism is in a stable state, and can effectively and smoothly eject the formed ball blank from the ball groove, realizing automated demolding and improving production efficiency.

[0010] Preferably, the return mechanism includes an ejector pin, a spring connecting rod, a telescopic push plate, and a magnetic sheet. The ejector pin axially penetrates the interior of the lower die punch, and a spring connecting rod is installed inside the upper end of the ejector pin. The top end of the spring connecting rod is fixed to the bottom surface of the telescopic push plate. Magnetic sheets are provided on the side end of the telescopic push plate and the inner wall of the lower die punch. The telescopic push plate automatically returns to its initial position inside the lower die punch by the mutual magnetic attraction of the magnetic sheets. By adopting the above technical solution, the return pin mechanism achieves reliable ejection and automatic reset functions through the combination of ejector pin, spring connecting rod, telescopic push plate and magnetic sheet. During ejection, the lower die punch descends and resets, pressing down the spring connecting rod. When the spring connecting rod is pressed down to its shortest stroke, the telescopic push plate extends into the lower die punch to eject the blank, and the spring connecting rod provides buffering. After demolding, when the lower die punch resets to its initial height, the magnetic sheet on the inner wall of the lower die punch and the magnetic sheet at the end of the telescopic push plate generate magnetic attraction, allowing the telescopic push plate to quickly and accurately reset to its initial position, preparing for the next filling and pressing.

[0011] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects of powder sphere extrusion molding equipment: 1. By setting up thirty-six sets of upper and lower die punches aligned vertically, and cooperating with corresponding ball grooves, thirty-six powder balls can be formed simultaneously within one pressing cycle, which greatly improves production efficiency and meets the needs of mass production; 2. The bidirectional extrusion action is completed by the lower die punch and the upper die punch together, which effectively avoids the density gradient problem caused by unidirectional extrusion and makes the density of each part of the ball blank more uniform. 3. It integrates a multi-positioning system consisting of a positioning rod and a positioning groove, an automatic purging system consisting of a nozzle and an air compressor, and an automatic ejection and reset system consisting of an ejector plate and a magnetic return pin mechanism. It realizes full-process automation and precise control from mold closing and centering, powder cleaning to demolding and reset, significantly reducing manual intervention and ensuring the stability, continuity and consistency of long-term equipment operation and products. Attached Figure Description

[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Embodiment 1 of this application; Figure 2 This is a side view of the molding equipment of this application; Figure 3 This is a top view of the guide plate structure of this application; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixed plate in this application, viewed from below. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the internal structure and a portion of the lower die punch of this application; Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Upper fixing plate; 11. Mounting plate; 111. Nozzle; 12. Upper die punch; 13. Positioning rod; 14. Slider; 15. Guide rod; 16. Air compressor; 2. Guide plate; 21. Ball groove; 211. Lower die punch; 22. Guide sleeve; 23. Hydraulic rod; 24. Return needle mechanism; 241. Ejector pin; 242. Spring connecting rod; 243. Telescopic push plate; 244. Magnetic sheet; 25. Positioning groove; 3. Base; 31. Ejector plate; 4. Upper support plate; 41. Support rod; 42. Cylinder. Detailed Implementation

[0013] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 -Appendix Figure 5 This application will be described in further detail below.

[0014] Example 1: A powder sphere extrusion molding equipment, referring to Figure 1-4The system includes an upper fixed plate 1 and a guide plate 2. The bottom surface of the upper fixed plate 1 is provided with a mounting plate 11, and multiple upper die punches 12 are arrayed on the mounting plate 11. The guide plate 2 is located directly below the upper fixed plate 1. The guide plate 2 has multiple ball grooves 21 corresponding to the upper die punches 12 inside. Each ball groove 21 has a lower die punch 211 installed at the lower end inside. The lower die punches 211 and the upper die punches 12 are arranged vertically aligned, and the number of both the lower die punches 211 and the upper die punches 12 is thirty-six, so as to realize multi-cavity synchronous pressing. By setting up thirty-six sets of upper die punches 12 and lower die punches 211 aligned vertically, and opening corresponding ball grooves 21 on the guide plate 2, both the lower end of the upper die punch 12 and the upper end of the lower die punch 211 are provided with hemispherical grooves. Through the independent cooperation of the thirty-six ball grooves 21, thirty-six powder balls can be formed simultaneously in one pressing cycle, which greatly improves production efficiency and meets the needs of mass production.

[0015] Slider 14 is provided at both ends of the upper fixed plate 1 and the guide plate 2. The two sliders 14 on the same side are guided and slidably connected by the guide rod 15 provided on the outside of the upper fixed plate 1, so that the upper fixed plate 1 and the guide plate 2 can be guided and raised and lowered along the guide rod 15. By setting sliders 14 and guide rods 15 on both sides of the upper fixed plate 1 and guide plate 2, precise vertical guidance is provided for the closing and separation of the upper and lower dies, which effectively prevents the upper die punch 12 and lower die punch 211 from misalignment, wear or jamming due to off-center load or installation error, thus ensuring the stability of the pressing process and the service life of the die.

[0016] A positioning rod 13 is vertically installed at the bottom center of the mounting plate 11, and a positioning groove 25 matching the positioning rod 13 is provided at the upper center of the guide plate 2, and the positioning rod 13 can be slidably inserted into the positioning groove 25. By setting a positioning rod 13 at the bottom center of the mounting plate 11 and a positioning groove 25 that matches it on the guide plate 2, an additional center positioning function is provided during the mold closing process. Together with the guide rods 15 on both sides, they form a multi-positioning system, which ensures the precise alignment of the thirty-six sets of upper die punches 12 and lower die punches 211, further guaranteeing the forming quality of the ball blank.

[0017] A nozzle 111 is also installed at the bottom of the mounting plate 11, and a flow guide cavity is provided inside the mounting plate 11. Through the flow guide cavity, the air compressor 16 installed at the upper end of the upper fixed plate 1 transmits gas to the inside of the nozzle 111. The nozzle 111 is fixed at an inclined angle to the outer side of the upper end of the upper die punch 12. By setting up a purging system consisting of an air compressor 16, a flow guide cavity, and a nozzle 111, the nozzle 111 is aligned with the outside of the upper die punch 12 at an inclined angle. This can blow away residual powder that may adhere to the surface of the upper die punch 12 or be scattered on the edge of the ball groove 21 after the upper die is lifted and before demolding. This avoids powder accumulation affecting the next pressing or causing product defects, and ensures the continuity of production and the consistency of products.

[0018] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: First, the powder material is filled into the ball groove 21 of the guide plate 2. Then, the upper fixed plate 1 moves downward under the drive of the cylinder 42, and at the same time, the guide plate 2 moves upward under the drive of the hydraulic rod 23, so as to realize the mold closing of the upper die punch 12 and the lower die punch 211. The upper die punch 12 and the lower die punch 211 each have thirty-six punches, which are arranged vertically aligned. In one pressing cycle, the powder in the thirty-six ball grooves 21 can be extruded in both directions to form a ball blank. During the mold closing process, the guide rod 15 and the slider 14 provide vertical guidance to prevent uneven loading or misalignment. At the same time, the positioning rod 13 is inserted into the positioning groove 25 to ensure center alignment and further ensure the forming accuracy of the ball blank. After pressing is completed, the upper fixed plate 1 rises, and the air compressor 16 is started to deliver gas to the nozzle 111 through the guide cavity. The nozzle 111 blows the outer side of the upper die punch 12 and the edge of the ball groove 21 at an inclined angle to remove residual powder and avoid affecting the next pressing. Through the coordinated work of multi-cavity synchronous pressing and blowing system, production efficiency and product consistency are significantly improved.

[0019] Example 2: A powder sphere extrusion molding equipment, referring to Figure 2 and Figure 5 A guide sleeve 22 is provided around the bottom corner of the guide plate 2, and a hydraulic rod 23 is connected to the lower end of each guide sleeve 22. The bottom end of the hydraulic rod 23 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the four sides of the base 3. The hydraulic rod 23 drives the guide plate 2 to move up and down. A support rod 41 is installed on both ends of the base 3, and the top ends of the two support rods 41 jointly support the upper support plate 4. The upper support plate 4 is located directly above the upper fixed plate 1, and a cylinder 42 is installed in the middle of the upper end of the upper support plate 4. The output end of the cylinder 42 is fixed to the middle of the upper end of the upper fixed plate 1 and is used to drive the upper fixed plate 1 to move up and down. By driving the guide sleeve 22 connected to the guide plate 2 through the hydraulic rods 23 set around the base 3, the guide plate 2 and the lower die punch 211 on it are moved in a stable and controllable manner. In addition, the upper die drive mechanism composed of the upper support plate 4, the support rod 41 and the cylinder 42 provides a stable and reliable power source for the upper fixed plate 1 on which the upper die punch 12 is installed, so that the lower die punch 211 and the upper die punch 12 can work together to complete the bidirectional extrusion action, effectively avoiding the density gradient problem caused by unidirectional extrusion, and making the density of each part of the ball blank more uniform.

[0020] A pin plate 31 is installed on the upper surface of the base 3, and the pin plate 31 is installed in a corresponding limiting manner to the lower die punch 211 and the return pin mechanism 24 provided inside the lower die punch 211. The ejector plate 31 limits the lower end of the return needle mechanism 24 to prevent the lower end of the return needle mechanism 24 from moving up and down as the lower die punch 211 rises and falls, ensuring that the lower end of the return needle mechanism 24 is in a stable state, which can effectively push the formed ball blank out of the ball groove 21 smoothly, realize automated demolding, and improve production efficiency.

[0021] The return mechanism 24 includes an ejector pin 241, a spring connecting rod 242, a telescopic push plate 243, and a magnetic sheet 244. The ejector pin 241 passes through the interior of the lower die punch 211 axially, and the spring connecting rod 242 is installed inside the upper end of the ejector pin 241. The top end of the spring connecting rod 242 is fixed to the bottom surface of the telescopic push plate 243. Magnetic sheets 244 are provided on the side end of the telescopic push plate 243 and the inner wall of the lower die punch 211. The telescopic push plate 243 is automatically reset to the initial position inside the lower die punch 211 by the magnetic attraction between the magnetic sheets 244. The return pin mechanism 24, through the combination of ejector pin 241, spring connecting rod 242, telescopic push plate 243, and magnetic sheet 244, achieves reliable ejection and automatic reset functions. During ejection, the lower die punch 211 descends and resets, pressing down on the spring connecting rod 242. When the spring connecting rod 242 is pressed down to its shortest stroke, the telescopic push plate 243 extends into the lower die punch 211 to eject the spherical blank, and the spring connecting rod 242 provides buffering. After demolding, when the lower die punch 211 resets to its initial height, the magnetic sheet 244 on the inner wall of the lower die punch 211 and the magnetic sheet 244 at the end of the telescopic push plate 243 generate magnetic attraction, so that the telescopic push plate 243 quickly and accurately resets to its initial position, preparing for the next filling and pressing.

[0022] The implementation principle of this application embodiment is as follows: Based on embodiment 1, during pressing, the cylinder 42 drives the upper fixed plate 1 to descend, and the hydraulic rod 23 drives the guide plate 2 to rise, so that the upper die punch 12 and the lower die punch 211 jointly extrude the powder in both directions, effectively avoiding the problem of uneven density caused by unidirectional extrusion, making the density of each part of the pellet uniform, and improving product quality. During demolding, the hydraulic rod 23 drives the guide plate 2 to descend, and the lower die punch 211 descends accordingly. However, the ejector plate 31 fixes the lower end of the return needle mechanism 24, causing the upper end of the ejector pin 241 to move upward relative to the lower end. The ball blank is ejected from the ball groove 21 through the spring connecting rod 242 and the telescopic push plate 243. The spring connecting rod 242 provides buffering during the ejection process to prevent damage to the ball blank. After demolding, the lower die punch 211 returns to its initial height. At this time, the magnetic sheet 244 on the inner wall of the lower die punch 211 and the magnetic sheet 244 at the end of the telescopic push plate 243 attract each other, so that the telescopic push plate 243 automatically returns to its initial position, preparing for the next filling and pressing, thus improving production stability and efficiency.

[0023] The embodiments described in this specific implementation are preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Identical components are represented by the same reference numerals. Therefore, all equivalent changes made to the structure, shape, and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A powder sphere extrusion molding device, comprising an upper fixed plate (1) and a guide plate (2), wherein the bottom surface of the upper fixed plate (1) is provided with a mounting plate (11), and a plurality of upper die punches (12) are arrayed on the mounting plate (11), the guide plate (2) is located directly below the upper fixed plate (1), and the guide plate (2) is provided with a plurality of ball grooves (21) corresponding to the upper die punches (12), wherein a lower die punch (211) is installed at the lower end of each ball groove (21), characterized in that, The lower die punch (211) and the upper die punch (12) are arranged vertically aligned, and the number of both the lower die punch (211) and the upper die punch (12) is thirty-six, so as to realize multi-cavity synchronous pressing.

2. The powder sphere extrusion molding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, Both sides of the upper fixed plate (1) and the guide plate (2) are provided with sliders (14), and the two sliders (14) on the same side are guided and slidably connected by a guide rod (15) provided on the outside of the upper fixed plate (1), so that the upper fixed plate (1) and the guide plate (2) can be guided and lifted along the guide rod (15).

3. The powder sphere extrusion molding equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mounting plate (11) is also vertically mounted with a positioning rod (13) at the bottom center. The upper center of the guide plate (2) is provided with a positioning groove (25) that matches the positioning rod (13), and the positioning rod (13) can be slidably inserted into the positioning groove (25).

4. The powder sphere extrusion molding equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The mounting plate (11) is also equipped with a nozzle (111) at the bottom, and a flow guide cavity is provided inside the mounting plate (11). The air compressor (16) installed on the upper end of the upper fixed plate (1) transmits gas to the nozzle (111) through the flow guide cavity. The nozzle (111) is fixed at an inclined angle to the outer side of the upper end of the upper die punch (12).

5. The powder sphere extrusion molding equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, Each of the four corners of the bottom corner of the guide plate (2) is provided with a guide sleeve (22), and a hydraulic rod (23) is connected inside the lower end of each guide sleeve (22). The bottom end of the hydraulic rod (23) is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the four sides of the base (3), and the hydraulic rod (23) drives the guide plate (2) to move up and down.

6. The powder sphere extrusion molding equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, The base (3) has a support rod (41) installed on each of its two ends, and the top of the two support rods (41) jointly supports the upper support plate (4). The upper support plate (4) is located directly above the upper fixed plate (1), and a cylinder (42) is installed in the middle of the upper end of the upper support plate (4). The output end of the cylinder (42) is fixed to the middle of the upper end of the upper fixed plate (1) and is used to drive the upper fixed plate (1) to move up and down.

7. The powder sphere extrusion molding equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper surface of the base (3) is equipped with an ejector plate (31), and the ejector plate (31) is correspondingly limited to the lower die punch (211) and the return needle mechanism (24) provided inside the lower die punch (211).

8. The powder sphere extrusion molding equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, The return mechanism (24) includes an ejector pin (241), a spring connecting rod (242), a telescopic push plate (243), and a magnetic sheet (244). The ejector pin (241) is axially inserted into the lower die punch (211), and a spring connecting rod (242) is installed inside the upper end of the ejector pin (241). The top end of the spring connecting rod (242) is fixed to the bottom surface of the telescopic push plate (243). Magnetic sheets (244) are provided on the side end of the telescopic push plate (243) and the inner wall of the lower die punch (211). The telescopic push plate (243) is automatically reset to the initial position inside the lower die punch (211) by the mutual magnetic attraction of the magnetic sheets (244).

Images