A shaping and positioning structure for powder metallurgy products
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522546490.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-01
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-12-01
AI Technical Summary
[0007]本实用新型采用定位芯棒的一端穿过定位器后安装在整形下模内，整形下模安装在阴模内，定位芯棒的另一端下方安装弹簧，并将封板、定位器固定在芯棒板上，使用简易的弹簧装置，成本低，且工装加工简单；整形时，操作工将产品套入凸出的定位芯棒后，转动产品，将齿部对准阴模口，摆放平稳后，启动压机，整形上模和整形芯棒同时下降，整形芯棒先接触到定位芯棒的端面，弹簧受端面压力而压缩，定位芯棒下降脱出产品的第一通孔，此时整形上模和整形芯棒将产品压入阴模模腔内，使产品在模腔里受到挤压而产生塑性变形，完成整形动作；脱模时，整形上模和整形芯棒回升，弹簧失去压力的作用回到自由状态，带动定位芯棒复位到原始位置，解决了带斜齿的细长结构产品整形定位的问题，避免了产品摆放倾倒的问题，提高了操作工的可操作性，解决了现有技术无法使用现有的阴模定位或芯棒定位结构的技术缺陷
[0007]本实用新型采用定位芯棒的一端穿过定位器后安装在整形下模内，整形下模安装在阴模内，定位芯棒的另一端下方安装弹簧，并将封板、定位器固定在芯棒板上，使用简易的弹簧装置，成本低，且工装加工简单；整形时，操作工将产品套入凸出的定位芯棒后，转动产品，将齿部对准阴模口，摆放平稳后，启动压机，整形上模和整形芯棒同时下降，整形芯棒先接触到定位芯棒的端面，弹簧受端面压力而压缩，定位芯棒下降脱出产品的第一通孔，此时整形上模和整形芯棒将产品压入阴模模腔内，使产品在模腔里受到挤压而产生塑性变形，完成整形动作；脱模时，整形上模和整形芯棒回升，弹簧失去压力的作用回到自由状态，带动定位芯棒复位到原始位置，解决了带斜齿的细长结构产品整形定位的问题，避免了产品摆放倾倒的问题，提高了操作工的可操作性，解决了现有技术无法使用现有的阴模定位或芯棒定位结构的技术缺陷。
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of powder metallurgy product manufacturing technology, and specifically to a shaping and positioning structure for powder metallurgy products. Background Technology
[0002] Powder metallurgy, as a high-tech industry, perfectly combines materials science and metal forming technology, and is widely used in the automotive parts field to leverage its high efficiency, material saving, and energy saving characteristics. With the rapid development of the automotive industry, higher demands are being placed on the precision and performance of parts. Therefore, to correct deformation after sintering, a shaping process is used, which involves re-pressurizing the product to achieve the required dimensions and precision.
[0003] Common methods for shaping and positioning powder metallurgy products include female mold positioning, lower mandrel positioning, or a combination of both. Specifically, the female mold inlet is equipped with a full-circumference guide section, enlarged by 0.2-0.25mm on one side according to the product's shape; or the mandrel inlet is equipped with a full-circumference guide section, reduced by 0.2-0.25mm on one side according to the product's inner cavity. The interface is smoothly connected with a rounded arc. During shaping, the product is manually placed on the guide section, and it remains stably at the mold inlet. The press is then started, and the upper shaping die presses the product into the female mold cavity, causing plastic deformation due to compression within the cavity, thus correcting its dimensions and accuracy. Figure 1 As shown, the existing product has a slender structure, including a first stepped shaft. The large end of the first stepped shaft is a first flange 1. The small end of the first stepped shaft has external teeth 2 on its cylindrical surface. The shaft center of the first stepped shaft has a first through hole 3. The connection between the first through hole 3 and the large end face has a chamfer 4. The product has the following technical defects: the external teeth 2 are helical teeth, so the product cannot be placed stably in the mold inlet. Also, the upper end of the first through hole 3 inside the product has a chamfer 4, so it is necessary to shape and extrude it to conform to the outline of the drawing. The existing mold positioning or mandrel positioning structure cannot be used.
[0004] Therefore, how to design a shaping and positioning structure for powder metallurgy products has become an urgent problem to be solved. Utility Model Content
[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, this utility model provides a shaping and positioning structure for powder metallurgy products to solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.
[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is: a shaping and positioning structure for powder metallurgy products, including a female mold fixed on a worktable, a product and a shaping upper mold arranged sequentially on the upper surface of the female mold, a shaping mandrel arranged inside the shaping upper mold, a shaping lower mold and one end of a positioning mandrel arranged sequentially inward from the female mold, the other end of the positioning mandrel being located inside a positioner, a sealing plate arranged below the positioner, and a spring arranged inside the positioner, the spring being located between the other end of the positioning mandrel and the sealing plate.
[0007] This invention employs a positioning mandrel, with one end passing through a locator and installed inside the lower forming mold. The lower forming mold is installed inside the female mold. A spring is installed below the other end of the positioning mandrel, and the sealing plate and locator are fixed to the mandrel plate. This simple spring device is low-cost and easy to tool. During forming, the operator places the product onto the protruding positioning mandrel, rotates the product to align the teeth with the female mold opening, and after stabilizing it, starts the press. The upper forming mold and the forming mandrel descend simultaneously. The forming mandrel first contacts the end face of the positioning mandrel, and the spring is compressed by the pressure from the end face. The forming mandrel descends and exits the first through hole of the product. At this time, the upper forming mold and the forming mandrel press the product into the cavity of the female mold, causing the product to be squeezed and plastically deformed in the cavity, thus completing the forming action. When demolding, the upper forming mold and the forming mandrel rise, the spring loses its pressure and returns to the free state, driving the positioning mandrel to return to its original position. This solves the problem of forming and positioning slender products with helical teeth, avoids the problem of product tipping over, improves the operability of the operator, and solves the technical defects of existing technologies that cannot use existing female mold positioning or mandrel positioning structures. Attached Figure Description
[0008] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the product structure of existing technology.
[0009] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of this utility model.
[0010] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning mandrel structure of this utility model.
[0011] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the positioner structure of this utility model.
[0012] In the figure: 1. First flange; 2. External tooth; 3. First through hole; 4. Chamfer; 5. Positioning mandrel; 6. Positioner; 7. Spring; 8. Sealing plate; 9. Lower forming mold; 10. Female mold; 11. Forming mandrel; 12. Upper forming mold; 501. Tapered section; 601. Second through hole; 602. Stepped hole. Detailed Implementation
[0013] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0014] See Figure 1-4 The structures, proportions, and sizes illustrated in the accompanying drawings are merely for illustrative purposes and to aid those skilled in the art. They are not intended to limit the scope of this invention and therefore lack substantial technical significance. Any modifications to the structure, changes in proportions, or adjustments to size, provided they do not affect the effectiveness or purpose of this invention, should still fall within the scope of the technical content disclosed herein. Furthermore, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "middle," and "one" used in this specification are merely for clarity and not intended to limit the scope of this invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships, without substantially altering the technical content, should also be considered within the scope of this invention.
[0015] Example 1: A shaping and positioning structure for powder metallurgy products, referenced Figure 2 The system includes a female mold 10 fixed on a workbench. The female mold 10 has a product and a shaping upper mold 12 arranged sequentially on its upper surface. A shaping mandrel 11 is arranged inside the shaping upper mold 12. The female mold 10 has a shaping lower mold 9 and one end of a positioning mandrel 5 arranged sequentially inward. The other end of the positioning mandrel 5 is located inside a positioner 6. A sealing plate 8 is arranged below the positioner 6. A spring 7 is also arranged inside the positioner 6. The spring 7 is located between the other end of the positioning mandrel 5 and the sealing plate 8. This invention employs a positioning mandrel, with one end passing through a locator and installed inside the lower forming mold. The lower forming mold is installed inside the female mold. A spring is installed below the other end of the positioning mandrel, and the sealing plate and locator are fixed to the mandrel plate. This simple spring device is low-cost and easy to tool. During forming, the operator places the product onto the protruding positioning mandrel, rotates the product to align the teeth with the female mold opening, and after stabilizing it, starts the press. The upper forming mold and the forming mandrel descend simultaneously. The forming mandrel first contacts the end face of the positioning mandrel, and the spring is compressed by the pressure from the end face. The forming mandrel descends and exits the first through hole of the product. At this time, the upper forming mold and the forming mandrel press the product into the cavity of the female mold, causing the product to be squeezed and plastically deformed in the cavity, thus completing the forming action. When demolding, the upper forming mold and the forming mandrel rise, the spring loses its pressure and returns to the free state, driving the positioning mandrel to return to its original position. This solves the problem of forming and positioning slender products with helical teeth, avoids the problem of product tipping over, improves the operability of the operator, and solves the technical defects of existing technologies that cannot use existing female mold positioning or mandrel positioning structures.
[0016] Example 2: Based on Example 1, with reference to... Figure 3The positioning mandrel 5 is a second-step shaft. The small end of the second-step shaft is located inside the first through hole 3 of the product. The inner diameter of the first through hole 3 minus 0.08 to 0.1 mm equals the diameter of the small end of the second-step shaft. The large end of the second-step shaft is located inside the locator 6. This utility model uses a positioning mandrel with a second-step shaft structure. The small end of the second-step shaft is located inside the first through hole of the product, and the diameter of the small end of the second-step shaft is smaller than the inner diameter of the first through hole. During shaping, the positioning mandrel can exit the first through hole of the product; during demolding, the positioning mandrel can enter the first through hole of the product.
[0017] Example 3: Based on Example 2, a tapered section 501 is provided on the side of the second stepped shaft away from the large end, and the taper of the tapered section 501 is 3°. This utility model uses a tapered section on the side of the second stepped shaft away from the large end; the 3° taper section can be used for guiding the positioning mandrel when it enters the first through hole of the product.
[0018] Example 4: Based on Example 2, with reference to... Figure 4 The positioner 6 is a third-step shaft, with the large end of the third-step shaft being a second flange. The second flange has eight circumferentially distributed second through holes 601, each with a diameter of φ9mm. A stepped hole 602 is located at the center of the third-step shaft, with the small end of the stepped hole 602 located on the side of the third-step shaft furthest from the large end. This utility model uses a positioner with a third-step shaft structure. The large end of the third-step shaft is a second flange, with eight circumferentially distributed second through holes of φ9mm. The positioner is made of 45 steel and has undergone heat treatment. The stepped surface of the stepped hole can contact the stepped surface of the positioning mandrel, thus limiting the positioning mandrel's movement.
[0019] Example 5: Based on Example 4, the inner diameter of the larger end of the stepped hole 602 is 0.5 mm larger than the diameter of the larger end of the second stepped shaft. This invention uses a stepped hole with an inner diameter 0.5 mm larger than the diameter of the larger end of the second stepped shaft to facilitate the movement of the larger end of the positioning mandrel within the stepped hole.
[0020] Example 6: Based on Example 4, the inner diameter of the small end of the stepped hole 602 is the same as the diameter of the small end of the second stepped shaft, with a fitting clearance of 0.02-0.04 mm. This invention uses the small end of the stepped hole to fit with the small end of the second stepped shaft, which facilitates the movement of the small end of the positioning mandrel within the small end of the stepped hole.
[0021] Example 7: Based on Example 4, the large end depth of the stepped hole 602 is equal to the free height of the spring 7 plus the large end height of the second stepped shaft - 10mm. This invention uses a stepped hole with a large end depth equal to the free height of the spring plus the large end height of the second stepped shaft - 10mm, which allows the spring to deform and cause the positioning mandrel to disengage from or enter the first through hole of the product.
[0022] Example 8: Based on Example 4, the sealing plate 8 is a third flange. The third flange has four circumferentially distributed third through holes and four circumferentially distributed threaded holes. The third through holes and threaded holes are spaced apart, and each of the third through holes and threaded holes corresponds to a second through hole 601. First bolts are respectively installed in the four circumferentially distributed second through holes 601, and the first bolts are connected to the threaded holes. This utility model uses a sealing plate with a third flange structure. The third through holes and threaded holes are located on concentric circles and are spaced at equal angles. The four first bolts pass through the second through holes and connect to the threaded holes, connecting the locator and the sealing plate as a whole. The four second bolts pass through the third through holes and the other four second through holes in sequence and connect to the threaded holes of the mandrel plate, connecting the locator, the sealing plate, and the mandrel plate as a whole.
[0023] In practice, during mold calibration, the positioning mandrel 5 passes through the stepped hole 602 of the locator 6, with the large end of the second stepped shaft located inside the large end of the stepped hole 602 of the locator 6. A spring 7 is installed below, and a sealing plate 8 is used to fix it to the locator 6 via four first bolts. The locator 6, together with the sealing plate 8, is fixed to the mandrel plate through four third through holes. At this time, the spring 7, in its free state, keeps the upper end of the positioning mandrel 5 pressed tightly against the stepped surface of the stepped hole 602 of the locator 6. The mold calibrator adjusts the position of the lower mold 9 and the female mold 10 at this height, so that the positioning mandrel 5 is about 15mm higher than the top surface of the female mold 10. During shaping, the operator places the product into the protruding positioning mandrel 5, rotates the product, aligns the teeth of the outer teeth 2 with the female mold opening, and after placing it stably, starts the press. The shaping upper mold 12 and the shaping mandrel 11 descend simultaneously. The shaping mandrel 11 first contacts the end face of the positioning mandrel 5, and the spring 7 is compressed by the end face pressure. The positioning mandrel 5 descends and disengages from the first through hole 3 of the product. At this time, the shaping upper mold 12 and the shaping mandrel 11 press the product into the female mold cavity, causing the product to be squeezed and plastically deformed in the mold cavity, thus completing the shaping action. During demolding, the shaping upper mold 12 and the shaping mandrel 11 rise, the spring 7 loses pressure and returns to its free state, driving the positioning mandrel 5 to return to its original position (inside the first through hole 3 of the product).
[0024] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this utility model. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of this utility model, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model.
Claims
1. A shaping and positioning structure for powder metallurgy products, comprising a female mold (10) fixed on a worktable, wherein a product and a shaping upper mold (12) are sequentially arranged on the upper surface of the female mold (10), and a shaping mandrel (11) is disposed inside the shaping upper mold (12), characterized in that: The female mold (10) is provided with a shaping lower mold (9) and a positioning mandrel (5) in sequence. The other end of the positioning mandrel (5) is located inside the locator (6). A sealing plate (8) is provided below the locator (6). A spring (7) is also provided inside the locator (6). The spring (7) is located between the other end of the positioning mandrel (5) and the sealing plate (8).
2. The shaping and positioning structure for powder metallurgy products according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning mandrel (5) is a second stepped shaft. The small end of the second stepped shaft is located in the first through hole (3) of the product. The inner diameter of the first through hole (3) minus 0.08 to 0.1 mm is equal to the small end diameter of the second stepped shaft. The large end of the second stepped shaft is located in the locator (6).
3. The shaping and positioning structure for powder metallurgy products according to claim 2, characterized in that: The small end of the second stepped shaft is provided with a tapered section (501) on the side away from the large end, and the tapered section (501) has a taper of 3°.
4. The shaping and positioning structure for powder metallurgy products according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positioner (6) is a third stepped shaft. The large end of the third stepped shaft is a second flange. The second flange is provided with eight second through holes (601) evenly distributed around the circumference. The axis of the third stepped shaft is provided with a stepped hole (602). The small end of the stepped hole (602) is located on the side of the small end of the third stepped shaft away from the large end.
5. The shaping and positioning structure for powder metallurgy products according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the large end of the stepped hole (602) is 0.5 mm larger than the diameter of the large end of the second stepped shaft.
6. The shaping and positioning structure for powder metallurgy products according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the small end of the stepped hole (602) is the same as the diameter of the small end of the second stepped shaft, with a fitting clearance of 0.02 to 0.04 mm.
7. The shaping and positioning structure for powder metallurgy products according to claim 4, characterized in that: The depth of the larger end of the stepped hole (602) = the free height of the spring (7) + the larger end height of the second stepped shaft - 10mm.
8. The shaping and positioning structure for powder metallurgy products according to claim 4, characterized in that: The sealing plate (8) is a third flange. The third flange is provided with four third through holes and four screw holes that are evenly distributed around the circumference. The third through holes and screw holes are arranged at intervals. The third through holes and screw holes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the second through holes (601). The four second through holes (601) that are evenly distributed around the circumference are respectively provided with first bolts, and the first bolts are connected to the screw holes.