A vertical numerical control lathe spindle structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a vertical numerical control lathe main shaft structure belongs to lathe technical field. It solved the problem that the existing main shaft structure is easy to appear cutting fluid and iron filings enter the inside problem of main shaft. This vertical numerical control lathe main shaft structure, including the casing, the main shaft of vertical wear in the casing, the connecting disc of horizontal fixedly connected in the upper end of main shaft and the chuck of fixedly connected in the upper side of connecting disc, the pull rod of long rod shape is vertically worn in the chuck, the inner wall of connecting disc is coaxially fixed with the sealing ring of circular ring shape and the inboard side of sealing ring and the outside surface of pull rod are in close contact, the upper end of casing has the boss of circular ring shape and projects upward, the lower end of baffle cover is sleeved in the outside of boss, the upper end of baffle cover has the baffle ring of circular ring shape and projects upward, the bottom of connecting disc is provided with the fender groove, and the baffle ring extends into fender groove. This vertical numerical control lathe main shaft structure has the advantage that the sealing property is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of lathe technology and relates to a spindle structure for a vertical CNC lathe. Background Technology

[0002] CNC lathes are widely used in various industries such as energy, aerospace, shipbuilding, and automobiles because they offer high precision, high efficiency, and a high degree of automation in machining rotating parts.

[0003] On a conventional CNC lathe, the spindle is horizontally positioned to clamp workpieces that pass horizontally through the spindle, making it suitable for clamping lighter workpieces. In contrast, the spindle of a vertical CNC lathe is vertically positioned, with the chuck for clamping the workpiece connected to the upper end of the spindle. Because the spindle can withstand greater loads, workpiece clamping and alignment are more convenient, giving it an advantage when machining rotating or disc-shaped parts with large diameters, short lengths, and heavy weights.

[0004] However, because the spindle of a vertical CNC lathe is vertically set, the cutting fluid used to flush the workpiece and cool the tool, as well as the fine iron filings generated during the machining process, can easily enter the spindle through the gap between the chuck or the upper part of the spindle, causing damage and rust to the parts and bearings inside the spindle, resulting in irreversible damage to the spindle. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology by proposing a vertical CNC lathe spindle structure that solves the problem of cutting fluid and iron filings easily entering the spindle.

[0006] The objective of this utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A vertical CNC lathe spindle structure includes a housing, a cylindrical spindle vertically extending from the housing, a bearing disposed between the housing and the upper end of the spindle, a ring-shaped connecting plate horizontally fixed to the upper end of the spindle, and a chuck fixed to the upper side of the connecting plate. A long rod-shaped pull rod is vertically inserted into the chuck, with its lower end passing downwards through the connecting plate. The connecting plate has a ring-shaped sealing ring coaxially fixed to its inner wall, with the inner side of the sealing ring abutting against the outer side of the pull rod. The housing has an upwardly protruding ring-shaped boss at its upper end. A cylindrical cover coaxial with the spindle is disposed between the upper end of the housing and the lower end of the connecting plate. The lower end of the cover is fitted over the outside of the boss, and the upper end of the cover has an upwardly protruding ring-shaped retaining ring. The bottom of the connecting plate has an upwardly recessed ring-shaped retaining groove, with the retaining ring extending into the groove.

[0007] In the operation of a vertical CNC lathe spindle, cutting fluid and metal chips can easily flow downwards from the chuck and into the spindle through the gap between the connecting plate and the housing. This vertical CNC lathe spindle structure incorporates a sealing ring between the tie rod and the connecting plate to achieve a seal, blocking the flow of fluid from the chuck into the spindle. Simultaneously, a cylindrical cover is installed between the housing and the connecting plate. The lower end of the cover fits over the outside of the boss, creating a tiny inverted L-shaped gap that blocks the gap at the upper part of the housing. The retaining ring at the upper end of the cover extends into a retaining groove, forming an inverted U-shaped gap that also blocks the gap below the connecting plate. In short, the cover blocks the gap between the stationary housing and the circumferentially rotating connecting plate, improving the sealing at the upper part of the housing. This reduces or even eliminates the possibility of cutting fluid and metal chips entering the spindle, preventing damage and rust to internal parts and bearings, thus ensuring a longer service life.

[0008] In the aforementioned vertical CNC lathe spindle structure, the outer surface of the upper end of the spindle has a recessed annular groove, and the inner surface of the cover has a protrusion extending into the recessed groove. The bearing includes an outer ring fixed to the housing and an inner ring fixed to the spindle. The outer ring has a recessed annular groove, and the inner ring has a protrusion extending into the recessed groove. The labyrinth structure formed between the cover and the spindle, and between the inner and outer rings of the bearing, further reduces the possibility of cutting fluid and metal chips entering the spindle.

[0009] In the aforementioned vertical CNC lathe spindle structure, the outer ring is positioned above the boss, forming a seal between them. The inner side of the cover has a protruding, annular shoulder, the lower side of which abuts against the upper side of the outer ring. The abutment between the boss and the shoulder limits the position of the cover, ensuring the stability of the cover's position and the reliability of the blocking gap.

[0010] In the aforementioned vertical CNC lathe spindle structure, the inner side of the connecting plate has a protruding annular sealing part, and the sealing ring is fixed inside the sealing part. An annular drainage groove is located above the sealing part inside the connecting plate. A drainage hole, connecting to the bottom of the outer side of the connecting plate, is opened on the side of the connecting plate at the bottom of the drainage groove. After the sealing ring seals the tie rod, water flowing into the connecting plate can be thrown outwards by centrifugal force when the connecting plate rotates circumferentially, and discharged outside the connecting plate through the drainage hole, preventing water accumulation.

[0011] In the aforementioned vertical CNC lathe spindle structure, the outlet position of the drain hole is lower than the top of the cover. Setting the outlet position of the drain hole below the top of the cover prevents discharged water from entering the spindle through the upper part of the cover.

[0012] In the aforementioned vertical CNC lathe spindle structure, the spindle structure further includes an air blowing channel. The inlet of the air blowing channel is located on the outside of the housing. The air blowing channel passes sequentially through the housing, the outer ring, and the cover, and the outlet of the air blowing channel is located at one of the protrusions. The inlet of the air blowing channel can be connected to an air source, from which air is supplied and blown through the air blowing channel to one of the protrusions. The air can be blown out from the upper end of the spindle, further reducing the possibility of cutting fluid and metal chips entering.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, the spindle structure of this vertical CNC lathe blocks the passage inside the chuck with a sealing ring, blocks the gap between the stationary housing and the circumferentially rotating connecting plate with a cover, and improves the sealing performance at the upper end of the housing by air blowing through the air blowing channel. This reduces or even eliminates the possibility of cutting fluid and iron filings entering the spindle, which could lead to damage and rust on the parts and bearings inside the spindle, thus ensuring service life. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of the spindle structure of this vertical CNC lathe.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of the spindle structure of this vertical CNC lathe from another perspective.

[0016] In the diagram, 1 is the housing; 1a is the boss; 2 is the spindle; 2a is the groove one; 3 is the bearing; 3a is the outer ring; 3b is the inner ring; 3c is the groove two; 3d is the protrusion two; 4 is the connecting plate; 4a is the retaining groove; 4b is the sealing part; 4c is the drainage groove; 4d is the drainage hole; 5 is the chuck; 6 is the tie rod; 7 is the sealing ring; 8 is the cover; 8a is the retaining ring; 8b is the protrusion one; 8c is the shoulder; and 9 is the air blowing channel. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The following are specific embodiments of the present invention, which are described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

[0018] like Figure 1 As shown, the spindle structure of this vertical CNC lathe includes a housing 1, a cylindrical spindle 2 vertically inserted into the housing 1 with its upper end extending out of the housing 1, a bearing 3 disposed between the housing 1 and the upper end of the spindle 2, a ring-shaped connecting plate 4 horizontally fixed to the upper end of the spindle 2, and a chuck 5 fixed to the upper side of the connecting plate 4. A long rod-shaped tie rod 6 is vertically inserted into the chuck 5, with the lower end of the tie rod 6 passing downward through the inner hole of the connecting plate 4.

[0019] The inner side of the middle part of the connecting plate 4 has a protruding annular sealing part 4b. An annular sealing groove is opened on the inner side of the sealing part 4b. An annular sealing ring 7 is provided in the sealing groove. The inner wall of the sealing ring 7 is attached to the outer side of the pull rod 6 to form a seal.

[0020] The upper end of the housing 1 has an upwardly protruding annular boss 1a, which is coaxially aligned with the main shaft 2. A cylindrical cover 8, coaxially aligned with the main shaft 2, is positioned between the upper end of the housing 1 and the lower end of the connecting disc 4. The lower end of the cover 8 is fitted over the outside of the boss 1a, and the lower end face of the cover 8 is adjacent to the upper end of the housing 1, as are the inner side of the lower end of the cover 8 and the outer side of the boss 1a. The upper end of the cover 8 has an upwardly protruding annular retaining ring 8a. The bottom of the connecting disc 4 has an upwardly recessed annular retaining groove 4a, into which the retaining ring 8a extends. The outer side of the upper end of the main shaft 2 has a recessed annular groove 2a, and the inner side of the cover 8 has an annular protrusion 8b that protrudes into the groove 2a.

[0021] The bearing 3 includes an outer ring 3a fixed to the housing 1 and an inner ring 3b fixed to the spindle 2. The outer ring 3a is tightly fitted to the housing 1 and is located on the upper side of the boss 1a, with an O-ring forming a seal between them. The inner side of the cover 8 has a protruding annular shoulder 8c, the lower side of which abuts against the upper side of the outer ring 3a. The top of the outer ring 3a near its inner side has a recessed annular groove 3c. The outer side of the top of the inner ring 3b protrudes outward above the groove 3c, and the inner ring 3b has a downward protruding annular protrusion 3d that extends into the groove 3c.

[0022] The spindle structure of the vertical CNC lathe also includes an air blowing channel 9. The inlet of the air blowing channel 9 is located on the outside of the housing 1. The air blowing channel 9 passes through the housing 1, the outer ring 3a and the cover 8 in sequence, and the outlet of the air blowing channel 9 is located at the protrusion 8b on the inner side of the cover 8.

[0023] like Figure 2 As shown, the inner wall of the connecting plate 4 and the top wall of the sealing part 4b form an annular drainage groove 4c with an open inner side. A drainage hole 4d is provided on the side of the connecting plate 4 located at the bottom of the drainage groove 4c, which communicates with the bottom of the outer side of the connecting plate 4. In this embodiment, there are three drainage holes 4d, which are evenly distributed around the axis of the connecting plate 4. The cross-section of the drainage hole 4d is L-shaped, including a horizontal hole and a vertical hole. The lower half of the horizontal hole is opened at the top of the sealing part 4b. The inlet of the horizontal hole communicates with the drainage groove 4c, and the outlet of the horizontal hole communicates with the upper end of the vertical hole. The bottom of the outer edge of the connecting plate 4 has a downward protruding annular limiting part. This limiting part is sleeved on the outer side of the upper end of the cover 8. The lower end of the vertical hole is opened at the bottom surface of the limiting part, so that the outlet position of the drainage hole 4d is lower than the top position of the cover 8.

[0024] In the spindle structure of this vertical CNC lathe, a sealing ring 7 is installed between the tie rod 6 and the connecting plate 4 to achieve a seal, blocking the passage from the chuck 5 downwards into the spindle 2. Simultaneously, a cylindrical cover 8 is installed between the housing 1 and the connecting plate 4. The lower end of the cover 8 is fitted onto the outside of the boss 1a, creating a tiny inverted L-shaped gap at this position, blocking the gap at the upper end of the housing 1. The retaining ring 8a at the upper end of the cover 8 extends into the retaining groove 4a, forming an inverted U-shaped gap, which also blocks the gap below the connecting plate 4. In other words, the cover 8 blocks the gap between the stationary housing 1 and the circumferentially rotating connecting plate 4, improving the sealing performance at the upper end of the housing 1. In addition, the labyrinth structure design of the protrusion 8b and groove 2a, as well as the structure of the air blowing channel 9 blowing air outward along the labyrinth structure, can minimize the entry of cutting fluid, iron filings, and even water vapor, thus preventing wear or rust on the internal parts of the spindle 2.

[0025] The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative examples illustrating the spirit of this utility model. Those skilled in the art to which this utility model pertains may make various modifications or additions to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods to substitute them, without departing from the spirit of this utility model or exceeding the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A spindle structure for a vertical CNC lathe, comprising a housing (1), a cylindrical spindle (2) vertically inserted within the housing (1) and extending out of the housing (1) at its upper end, a bearing (3) disposed between the housing (1) and the upper end of the spindle (2), a ring-shaped connecting plate (4) horizontally fixed to the upper end of the spindle (2), and a chuck (5) fixed to the upper side of the connecting plate (4), wherein a long rod-shaped pull rod (6) is vertically inserted within the chuck (5) and the lower end of the pull rod (6) passes downward through the connecting plate (4), characterized in that, The inner wall of the connecting plate (4) is coaxially fixed with a ring-shaped sealing ring (7), and the inner side of the sealing ring (7) is close to the outer side of the pull rod (6). The upper end of the housing (1) has an upwardly protruding ring-shaped boss (1a). A cylindrical cover (8) coaxially arranged with the main shaft (2) is provided between the upper end of the housing (1) and the lower end of the connecting plate (4). The lower end of the cover (8) is sleeved on the outside of the boss (1a). The upper end of the cover (8) has an upwardly protruding ring-shaped retaining ring (8a). The bottom of the connecting plate (4) is provided with an upwardly recessed ring-shaped retaining groove (4a). The retaining ring (8a) extends into the retaining groove (4a).

2. The spindle structure of a vertical CNC lathe according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer side of the upper end of the main shaft (2) is provided with a recessed annular groove (2a). The inner side of the cover (8) has a protrusion (8b) that protrudes into the groove (2a). The bearing (3) includes an outer ring (3a) fixed to the housing (1) and an inner ring (3b) fixed to the main shaft (2). The outer ring (3a) is provided with a recessed annular groove (3c). The inner ring (3b) has a protrusion (3d) that protrudes into the groove (3c).

3. The spindle structure of a vertical CNC lathe according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer ring (3a) is disposed on the upper side of the boss (1a) and a seal is formed between the two. The inner side of the cover (8) has a protruding annular shoulder (8c), and the lower side of the shoulder (8c) abuts against the upper side of the outer ring (3a).

4. A vertical CNC lathe spindle structure according to claim 1, 2, or 3, characterized in that, The inner side of the middle part of the connecting plate (4) has a protruding annular sealing part (4b), and the sealing ring (7) is fixed on the inner side of the sealing part (4b). The connecting plate (4) has an annular drainage groove (4c) located on the upper side of the sealing part (4b). The connecting plate (4) has a drainage hole (4d) on the side of the bottom of the drainage groove (4c) that connects to the bottom of the outer side of the connecting plate (4).

5. The spindle structure of a vertical CNC lathe according to claim 4, characterized in that, The outlet position of the drain hole (4d) is lower than the top position of the cover (8).

6. The spindle structure of a vertical CNC lathe according to claim 3, characterized in that, The vertical CNC lathe spindle structure also includes an air blowing channel (9). The inlet of the air blowing channel (9) is located on the outside of the housing (1). The air blowing channel (9) passes through the housing (1), the outer ring (3a), and the cover (8) in sequence. The outlet of the air blowing channel (9) is located at the protrusion (8b).

Images