A simple device for machining thin-walled parts

Abstract

The utility model discloses a simple and easy device of processing thin -walled part, include: fixed base, frock body and taper screw, frock body on be provided with expansion unit, expansion unit include expansion groove and expansion petal, taper screw set up in frock body inside, taper screw include briquet and locking screw, locking screw with fixed base intercoordination, briquet whole is cone -shaped, briquet outer ring is pasted expansion unit inner wall. Advantageous effects: simple and easy device, simple structure, convenient operation can effectively enhance the processing rigidity of thin -walled part, restrain deformation and flutter, improve processing accuracy and production efficiency, and the versatility is strong, is applicable to the finish machining of the thin -walled pipe shaft class part of multiple inner hole size.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a simple device for machining thin-walled parts. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of machining, the machining of thin-walled tubular and shaft parts such as hydraulic cylinder barrels and drive shaft tubes has always been a technical challenge. Due to the thin walls and poor rigidity of these parts, when finishing their outer walls after roughing, they are easily affected by cutting forces, clamping forces, and vibrations, resulting in elastic deformation, tool deflection, and even chatter. This seriously affects the machining accuracy and surface quality of the parts, may lead to scrapping of the parts, and results in low production efficiency.

[0003] Currently, there are three main methods for machining thin-walled tubular and shaft parts: First, filling the part with low-melting-point alloys or solidifiable materials to provide support. This method is cumbersome, time-consuming to prepare and clean, has poor material reusability, and is inefficient and costly. Second, using hydraulic or pneumatic expansion mandrels. These fixtures have high precision but are expensive to manufacture and have high requirements for the operating environment and maintenance, making them unsuitable for all machining scenarios. Third, using the part's own machining allowance for rigid support. This method is only suitable for the roughing stage and cannot meet the high precision and high stability requirements of the final finishing process.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an internal support fixture that is simple in structure, easy to operate, low in cost, and can effectively improve the rigidity and stability of thin-walled parts processing. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a simple device for machining thin-walled parts. It has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It can effectively enhance the machining rigidity of thin-walled parts, suppress deformation and chatter, improve machining accuracy and production efficiency, and has strong versatility. It is suitable for precision machining of thin-walled tube and shaft parts with various internal hole sizes.

[0006] This application provides a simple device for processing thin-walled parts, including: a fixed base, a tooling body, and a tapered screw. The tooling body is provided with an expansion unit, which includes an expansion groove and an expansion flap. The tapered screw is disposed inside the tooling body and includes a pressure block and a locking screw. The locking screw cooperates with the fixed base. The pressure block is generally tapered, and the outer ring of the pressure block fits against the inner wall of the expansion unit.

[0007] The tooling body is cylindrical in shape, and the expansion unit is integrally formed with the tooling body. The expansion grooves are evenly arranged between the expansion petals, and the length of the expansion grooves is 5 / 8 to 7 / 8 of the tooling body.

[0008] The inner wall of the expansion valve is conical in shape and cooperates with the pressure block. The number of expansion valves is ≥3, and the size and structure of each expansion valve are the same and evenly distributed.

[0009] The fixed base is provided with a columnar convex surface, which cooperates with the tooling body and is in close contact with the inner wall of the tooling body. A threaded through hole is provided at the center of the columnar convex surface, and the locking screw cooperates with the threaded through hole by rotation.

[0010] The pressure block and locking screw are integrated into one piece. The outer end of the pressure block is provided with a standard interface, which can be any one of an internal hexagonal hole, an external hexagonal head, or a cross slot.

[0011] The outer diameter of the tooling body is 0.1-0.3 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the thin-walled part being machined, forming a fitting clearance.

[0012] One or more technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application have at least the following technical effects or advantages: 1. By providing uniform and reliable expansion support from inside the thin-walled part, the overall rigidity of the thin-walled part during the machining process is greatly enhanced, effectively suppressing deformation, tool deflection and chatter caused by cutting force, thereby ensuring the machining accuracy and surface finish of the thin-walled part.

[0013] 2. Primarily composed of a fixed base, fixture body, and tapered screws, it features a compact structure, simple manufacturing process, and significantly lower cost than hydraulic / pneumatic expansion clamps. During clamping, simply insert the fixture into the inner hole of the thin-walled part and tighten the locking screws to complete the expansion. For disassembly, loosen the screws; the expansion valves will return to their original position due to their own elasticity, allowing for easy removal of the fixture. The entire process is quick and convenient, significantly reducing clamping time and improving production efficiency.

[0014] 3. By changing the tooling body with different outer diameters or adjusting the expansion amount within a certain range, the same set of tooling can be applied to a variety of thin-walled parts with different inner hole sizes, eliminating the need to design separate fixtures for each specification of part and reducing production costs.

[0015] 4. Since there is a gap between the outer circle of the tooling body and the inner hole of the thin-walled part before expansion, the centering is achieved by uniform radial pressure after expansion, which can obtain high positioning accuracy. This is beneficial to ensure the coaxiality of the inner and outer circles of the thin-walled part and meet the precision requirements of finishing. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tooling body in this application; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view at point AA. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To better understand the above technical solutions, the following will provide a detailed explanation of the technical solutions in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods. Example 1

[0018] A simple device for machining thin-walled parts includes: a fixed base 1, a fixture body 4, and a tapered screw. The fixture body 4 is equipped with an expansion unit, which includes an expansion groove 401 and an expansion flap 402. The tapered screw is disposed inside the fixture body 4 and includes a pressure block 302 and a locking screw 301. The locking screw 301 cooperates with the fixed base 1. The pressure block 302 is conical in shape, and its outer ring fits against the inner wall of the expansion unit. By providing uniform and reliable expansion support from within the thin-walled part 2, the overall rigidity of the thin-walled part 2 during machining is greatly enhanced, effectively suppressing deformation, tool deflection, and chatter caused by cutting forces, thereby ensuring machining accuracy and surface finish. During clamping, simply insert the fixture into the inner hole of the thin-walled part 2 and tighten the screw with a wrench to complete the expansion. During disassembly, loosen the screw; the expansion flap 402 returns to its original position under its own elasticity, allowing the fixture to be easily removed. The entire process is fast and simple, significantly improving production efficiency. By replacing the tooling body 4 with different outer diameters, or adjusting the expansion amount within a certain range, the same set of tooling can be applied to a variety of thin-walled parts 2 with different inner hole sizes, demonstrating good versatility.

[0019] The tooling body 4 is cylindrical in shape. The expansion unit is integrally formed with the tooling body 4. The expansion groove 401 is evenly arranged between the expansion petals 402. The length of the expansion groove 401 is 5 / 8-7 / 8 of the tooling body 4. The specific shape of the expansion groove 401 includes, but is not limited to, cross-shaped, star-shaped, or multiple parallel straight grooves evenly distributed around the circumference, any groove structure that can divide the end or middle area into multiple elastic expansion petals 402.

[0020] The inner wall of the expansion petal 402 is generally conical, and the inner wall of the expansion petal 402 cooperates with the pressure block 302. The number of expansion petals 402 is ≥3, and the size and structure of each expansion petal 402 are the same and evenly arranged.

[0021] The fixed base 1 is provided with a columnar convex surface 101, which cooperates with the tooling body 4. The columnar convex surface 101 is in close contact with the inner wall of the tooling body 4. A threaded through hole 102 is provided at the center of the columnar convex surface 101. The locking screw 301 cooperates with the threaded through hole 102 by rotation.

[0022] The pressure block 302 and locking screw 301 are integrally formed. The outer end of the pressure block 302 is provided with a standard interface, which can be any one of an internal hexagonal hole, an external hexagonal head, or a Phillips head slot. The structure of the pressure block 302 and locking screw 301 can be a combination of a tapered screw and an independent tapered sleeve / pressure block. The tooling body 4 is composed of standard parts (screws) or simple machined parts (tapered sleeves), which has a compact structure, simple manufacturing process, and a cost far lower than hydraulic / pneumatic expansion clamps.

[0023] The outer diameter of the tooling body 4 is 0.1-0.3 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the thin-walled part 2 being machined, forming a fitting clearance. Since there is a gap between the outer circle of the tooling body 4 and the inner hole of the thin-walled part 2 before expansion, centering is achieved by uniform radial pressure after expansion, which can obtain high positioning accuracy and help ensure the coaxiality of the inner and outer circles of the thin-walled part 2.

[0024] During installation: the fixture body 4 is fitted onto the columnar convex surface 101 of the fixed base 1, so that the columnar convex surface 101 is in close contact with the inner wall of the fixture body 4; then the locking screw 301 of the tapered screw is inserted into the inner hole of the fixture body 4 and screwed into the threaded through hole 102 of the fixed base 1 until the outer conical surface of the pressure block 302 and the inner conical surface of the expansion valve 402 are initially in contact, thus completing the assembly of the device. Example 2

[0025] This embodiment uses the machining of a hydraulic cylinder with an inner diameter of 50mm and a wall thickness of 2mm as an example to illustrate the steps of using this device: Before clamping, the hydraulic cylinder to be processed is placed on the outer circle of the tooling body 4. At this time, there is a 0.2mm fit clearance between the tooling body 4 and the inner hole of the hydraulic cylinder, and the hydraulic cylinder can be easily fitted and axially positioned.

[0026] The tightening operation involves inserting an Allen wrench into the Allen hole of the tapered screw and rotating the tapered screw clockwise. The locking screw 301 moves axially along the threaded through hole 102 of the fixed base 1, causing the pressure block 302 to move synchronously. The outer conical surface of the pressure block 302 presses against the inner conical surface of the expansion petal 402, converting the axial force into a radial force, forcing each expansion petal 402 to expand outward synchronously until the outer wall of the expansion petal 402 is tightly fitted with the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder, thus completing the internal support and fixation of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0027] During the machining process, the device with the assembled thin-walled part 2 is mounted on the machine tool worktable via the fixed base 1, and the machine tool is started to perform precision machining on the outer circle of the hydraulic cylinder. During the machining process, the uniform radial support provided by the expansion flap 402 enhances the rigidity of the thin-walled part 2, effectively avoiding deformation, tool deflection and chatter.

[0028] After the disassembly process is completed, use an Allen wrench to rotate the tapered screw 3 counterclockwise. The locking screw 301 drives the pressure block 302 to retract axially, and the expansion valve 402 resets under its own elasticity and separates from the inner wall of the hydraulic cylinder. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder can be directly removed from the tooling body 42 to complete the processing.

[0029] Example 3: Adjustment of the device's versatility When it is necessary to process a drive shaft tube with an inner diameter of 48mm, it is only necessary to replace the tool body 4 with an outer diameter of 47.8mm (the length of the expansion groove 401 and the number of expansion petals 402 of the expansion unit are the same as in Example 1) to repeat the operation process of the example and realize the processing of thin-walled parts 2 with different inner diameters.

[0030] The device in this embodiment has a simple structure and is easy to operate. It effectively improves the machining rigidity of the thin-walled part 2 through the expansion internal support, while taking into account versatility and cost advantages. It is suitable for precision machining scenarios of various thin-walled tube and shaft parts.

[0031] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the present invention.

[0032] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope. Therefore, if these modifications and variations fall within the scope of the claims of this utility model and their equivalents, this utility model also intends to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A simple apparatus for processing thin-walled parts, characterized in that, include: The fixture includes a fixed base (1), a tooling body (4), and a tapered screw. The tooling body (4) is provided with an expansion unit, which includes an expansion groove (401) and an expansion flap (402). The tapered screw is located inside the tooling body (4) and includes a pressure block (302) and a locking screw (301). The locking screw (301) cooperates with the fixed base (1). The pressure block (302) is cone-shaped, and the outer ring of the pressure block (302) fits against the inner wall of the expansion unit.

2. The simple apparatus for processing thin-walled parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The tooling body (4) is cylindrical in shape. The expansion unit and the tooling body (4) are integrally formed. The expansion groove (401) is evenly arranged between the expansion petals (402). The length of the expansion groove (401) is 5 / 8-7 / 8 of the tooling body (4).

3. The simple apparatus for processing thin-walled parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The inner wall of the expansion petal (402) is cone-shaped, and the inner wall of the expansion petal (402) cooperates with the pressure block (302). The number of expansion petals (402) is ≥3, and the size and structure of each expansion petal (402) are the same and evenly arranged.

4. The simple apparatus for processing thin-walled parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed base (1) is provided with a columnar convex surface (101), which cooperates with the tooling body (4). The columnar convex surface (101) is in close contact with the inner wall of the tooling body (4). A threaded through hole (102) is provided at the center of the columnar convex surface (101). The locking screw (301) cooperates with the threaded through hole (102) by rotation.

5. The simple apparatus for processing thin-walled parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The pressure block (302) and the locking screw (301) are integrally formed. The outer end of the pressure block (302) is provided with a standard interface, which is any one of internal hexagonal hole, external hexagonal head or cross slot.

6. The simple apparatus for processing thin-walled parts as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The outer diameter of the tooling body (4) is 0.1-0.3 mm smaller than the inner diameter of the thin-walled part (2) being machined, forming a fitting clearance.

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