Adjusting mechanism and feed drill

Abstract

The application provides a regulating mechanism and a feeding drill. The regulating mechanism comprises a regulating device, a locking device and at least one magnetic member. The regulating device is rotatably sleeved on the main shaft, and the locking device is movably sleeved on the main shaft along the axial direction of the main shaft. Thus, the regulating mechanism of the application has simple structure and small size. The regulating device is arranged to adjust the feeding stroke of the main shaft, so that the main shaft can process holes with different sizes according to requirements, which is beneficial to improve the adaptability of the feeding drill and make the feeding drill applicable to various scenes. The locking device is arranged, the mounting part of the locking device is limited in the mounting groove, so that the locking device cannot rotate around the main shaft, and the magnetic member is arranged, so that the locking device and the regulating device are adsorbed together by the magnetic attraction of the magnetic member, thereby limiting the rotation of the regulating device around the main shaft, avoiding the rotation of the regulating device during the feeding process of the main shaft, and changing the stroke of the main shaft to affect the machining precision of the hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of feed drilling, specifically to an adjustment mechanism and a feed drilling method. Background Technology

[0002] During aircraft assembly, a series of connection holes of different sizes need to be machined to meet the assembly requirements.

[0003] Automatic feed drills, a type of feed drill, are hole-making tools that achieve automatic displacement control of the drill bit through mechanical transmission devices or CNC systems. They have advantages such as high drilling accuracy and fast drilling speed, and are especially suitable for processing materials such as composite materials, titanium alloys, aluminum alloys, and new types of rivets. Therefore, they are widely used in aircraft assembly.

[0004] The spindle of the automatic feed drill is equipped with an adjustment mechanism. When the automatic feed drill is machining holes of different sizes, the feed stroke of the spindle is adjusted by the adjustment mechanism so that the feed stroke of the spindle can match the size of the hole to be machined.

[0005] In existing technologies, the adjustment mechanism of the feed drill occupies a large portion of the spindle's stroke, resulting in a reduction in the actual usable stroke of the spindle. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the embodiments of this application aim to provide an adjustment mechanism for feed drilling that occupies less spindle stroke, thereby increasing the actual usable stroke of the spindle.

[0007] This application provides an adjustment mechanism for a feed drill, the feed drill including a spindle with external threads, the adjustment mechanism comprising: An adjustment device is rotatably mounted on the main shaft, and the inner circumferential surface of the adjustment device is provided with an internal thread that mates with the external thread of the main shaft; A locking device is movably sleeved on the main shaft along its axial direction. The locking device can be selectively moved to a locked position along the axial direction of the main shaft under external force, so that the locking device is at least partially sleeved on the adjusting device. The main shaft has a mounting groove extending along its axial direction and having an open end. The locking device includes a mounting portion movably disposed within the mounting groove. The adjusting device has a first mounting portion, and the locking device has a second mounting portion that selectively engages with the first mounting portion. When the locking device moves to the locked position, the first mounting portion engages with the second mounting portion to restrict the adjusting device from rotating around the main shaft. At least one magnetic attractor is provided on the adjusting device and / or the locking device so that the adjusting device and the locking device can be attracted by the magnetic force of the magnetic attractor.

[0008] Thus, the adjustment mechanism of this application has a simple structure and small size. Installed behind the spindle, it occupies less of the spindle's stroke, thereby allowing for a larger actual usable stroke. Furthermore, by setting an adjustment device to regulate the spindle's feed stroke, the spindle can process holes of different sizes as needed, improving the adaptability of the feed drill and making it suitable for various scenarios. By setting a locking device and limiting its mounting part within the mounting groove, the locking device cannot rotate around the spindle. Furthermore, by using a magnetic suction element, the locking device and the adjustment device are attracted together by the magnetic force of the magnetic suction element, thus restricting the adjustment device's rotation around the spindle. This prevents the adjustment device from rotating during spindle feed, which would alter the spindle stroke and affect the hole's machining accuracy.

[0009] In one embodiment, the locking device further includes a locking body, which is movably sleeved on the main shaft along the axial direction of the main shaft; The mounting part is connected to the locking body and is located at the end of the locking body away from the adjusting device, and extends toward the center line of the main shaft.

[0010] In one embodiment, a plurality of reference marks are evenly spaced on the outer peripheral surface of the locking body; Multiple adjustment marks are evenly spaced on the outer peripheral surface of the adjustment device; When adjusting the adjustment device, one of the adjustment marks is used as the adjustment reference, and one of the reference marks is used as the adjustment reference.

[0011] In one embodiment, the reference mark is a scale groove extending along the centerline of the locking body; The adjustment markings are scale grooves extending along the centerline of the adjustment device.

[0012] In one embodiment, the first mounting portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the adjustment device; The second mounting portion is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the locking body near the adjusting device.

[0013] In one embodiment, the first mounting portion consists of a plurality of external teeth evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the adjusting device; The second mounting part consists of a plurality of internal teeth evenly distributed on the inner circumferential surface of the locking body and corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of external teeth.

[0014] In one embodiment, two mounting slots are symmetrically provided on the main shaft, and two mounting parts are provided corresponding to the two mounting slots, with the two mounting parts movably disposed in the two mounting slots respectively.

[0015] In one embodiment, two magnetic suction components are provided, and the two magnetic suction components are respectively embedded in the two mounting portions.

[0016] In one embodiment, the magnetic element is a magnet.

[0017] This application also provides a feed drill, including a spindle with external threads, and the feed drill further includes the adjustment mechanism described in the above embodiments, the adjustment mechanism being used to adjust the feed stroke of the spindle. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 The diagram shown is an assembly schematic of the adjustment mechanism provided in an embodiment of this application mounted on the spindle.

[0019] Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an adjustment device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0020] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of a locking device provided using an embodiment of this application.

[0021] Figure label: 100. Adjustment mechanism; 110. Adjustment device; 111. First mounting part; 112. Adjustment mark; 120. Locking device; 121. Mounting part; 122. Locking body; 1221. Reference mark; 123. Second mounting part; 130. Magnetic suction element; 200. Main shaft; 210. Mounting groove; 300. Stop element. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0023] Researchers have found that in related technologies, the adjustment mechanism of a feed drill generally includes an adjustment block, a stop cover, a spring, and a retaining ring arranged sequentially on the spindle. The retaining ring is fixed to the spindle by a fixing structure, and the spring connects the retaining ring and the stop cover. Compression of the spring separates the stop cover and the adjustment block, changing the position of the adjustment block on the spindle and thus adjusting the spindle stroke. When not adjusting, the spring returns to its original position or extends to reconnect the stop cover and the adjustment block, fixing the adjustment block in place. It is evident that the adjustment mechanism comprises multiple parts arranged sequentially along the spindle, resulting in a complex structure and large size. Installing it on the spindle occupies a significant portion of the spindle's stroke, and the extension of the spring further reduces this stroke, significantly shortening the actual usable stroke of the spindle. This, in turn, reduces the range of hole sizes that the feed drill can process and decreases the feed drill's adaptability.

[0024] See Figures 1 to 3 Based on this, this application provides an adjustment mechanism 100 for a feed drill (not shown), the feed drill including a spindle 200 with external threads, and the adjustment mechanism 100 including an adjustment device 110, a locking device 120, and at least one magnetic suction element 130. Specifically, the adjustment device 110 is rotatably sleeved on the spindle 200, and the inner circumferential surface of the adjustment device 110 is provided with an internal thread that mates with the external thread of the spindle 200. The locking device 120 is movably sleeved on the spindle 200 along the axial direction of the spindle 200, and the locking device 120 can be selectively moved to a locked position along the axial direction of the spindle 200 under the action of an external force (see [reference]). Figure 1 The locking device 120 is at least partially fitted onto the adjusting device 110. The main shaft 200 has a mounting groove 210 extending axially along the main shaft 200 and having an open end (not shown). The locking device 120 includes a mounting portion 121 movably disposed within the mounting groove 210. The adjusting device 110 has a first mounting portion 111, and the locking device 120 has a second mounting portion 123 selectively engaging with the first mounting portion 111. When the locking device 120 moves to the locking position, the first mounting portion 111 engages with the second mounting portion 123 to restrict the adjusting device 110 from rotating around the main shaft 200. At least one magnetic suction member 130 is disposed on the adjusting device 110 and / or the locking device 120, so that the adjusting device 110 and the locking device 120 can be attracted by the magnetic force of the magnetic suction member 130.

[0025] Compared with the adjustment mechanism 100 in the aforementioned related technologies, the adjustment mechanism 100 of this application has a simple structure, a small size, and occupies less of the spindle 200 stroke when installed on the spindle 200, so that the spindle 200 can actually use more stroke, thereby increasing the range of hole sizes that the feed drill can process, which is beneficial to improving the adaptability of the feed drill.

[0026] Thus, by setting the adjustment device 110 to adjust the feed stroke of the spindle 200, the spindle 200 can process holes of different sizes as required, which is beneficial to improving the adaptability of the feed drill and making it applicable to a variety of different scenarios. By setting the locking device 120 and limiting the mounting part 121 of the locking device 120 in the mounting groove 210, the locking device 120 cannot rotate around the spindle 200. Furthermore, by setting the magnetic suction member 130, the locking device 120 and the adjustment device 110 are attracted together by the magnetic attraction of the magnetic suction member 130, thereby restricting the adjustment device 110 from rotating around the spindle 200. This prevents the adjustment device 110 from rotating during the feed of the spindle 200 and changing the stroke of the spindle 200, thus affecting the machining accuracy of the hole.

[0027] See Figure 1 Specifically, in this application, the adjusting device 110 can be inserted from one end of the spindle 200, and the external thread on the spindle 200 and the internal thread on the inner circumferential surface of the adjusting device 110 are engaged, so that the adjusting device 110 can be detachably sleeved on the spindle 200. In this way, through the threaded connection, the adjusting device 110 can rotate around the spindle 200, thereby adjusting the feed stroke of the spindle 200.

[0028] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 Specifically, in this application, to facilitate the installation of the locking device 120, one end of the mounting groove 210 has an opening, allowing the mounting part 121 to pass through the opening of the mounting groove 210, thereby enabling the locking device 120 to be fitted onto the spindle 200. It is understood that the mounting groove 210 may have an opening at the end away from the spindle 200 where the tool is mounted, for installing the locking device 120. Alternatively, the mounting groove 210 may be a through groove extending through the spindle 200 to facilitate the installation of the locking device 120; any requirement that is met is acceptable, and no further limitations are imposed here.

[0029] See Figure 1 and Figure 3More specifically, in this application, the mounting portion 121 of the locking device 120 protrudes from the inner wall of the locking device 120, and the shape of the mounting portion 121 is adapted to the shape of the mounting groove 210 so as to install the locking device 120 and allow the mounting portion 121 to move along the mounting groove 210, thereby enabling the locking device 120 to move towards or away from the adjusting device 110, so as to lock or unlock the adjusting device 110. Specifically, when the locking device 120 moves towards the adjusting device until the first mounting portion 111 and the second mounting portion 123 engage, the locking device 120 is in the locked position; when the locking device 120 moves away from the adjusting device 110 until the first mounting portion 111 and the second mounting portion 123 separate, the locking device 120 is in the unlocked position.

[0030] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the locking device 120 further includes a locking body 122, which is movably sleeved on the main shaft 200 along the axial direction of the main shaft 200. The mounting portion 121 is connected to the locking body 122 and is located at the end of the locking body 122 away from the adjusting device 110, and extends toward the centerline of the main shaft 200.

[0031] See Figures 1 to 3 Specifically, in this application, the mounting part 121 protrudes from the inner wall of the locking body 122, and the second mounting part 123 is located between the mounting part 121 and the first mounting part 111. It is understood that the mounting part 121 may also protrude from the end face of the locking body 122 away from the adjusting device 110, and the mounting part 121 may extend at least partially toward the center line of the main shaft 200; the mounting part 121 and the mounting groove 210 can be fitted together, and the specific location of the mounting part 121 can be set according to actual usage requirements, without further limitations here.

[0032] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, a plurality of reference marks 1221 are evenly spaced on the outer peripheral surface of the locking body 122; a plurality of adjustment marks 112 are evenly spaced on the outer peripheral surface of the adjustment device 110; when adjusting the adjustment device 110, one of the adjustment marks 112 is used as the adjustment reference and one of the reference marks 1221 is used as the adjustment reference.

[0033] Specifically, before adjusting the feed stroke of the spindle 200, the adjusting device 110 can be rotated to align one of the reference marks 1221 and one of the adjusting marks 112, thereby improving the accuracy of adjusting the feed stroke of the spindle 200. More specifically, one of the easily observable adjusting marks 112 can be selected as the adjustment reference, and a reference mark 1221 adjacent to the selected adjusting mark 112 along the circumferential direction of the spindle 200 can be selected as the adjustment reference. Then, the adjusting device 110 can be rotated to align the selected adjusting mark 112 with the selected reference mark 1221. Then, the adjusting device 110 can be adjusted according to the diameter of the hole to be drilled, thereby adjusting the feed stroke of the spindle 200.

[0034] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the reference mark 1221 is a scale groove extending along the centerline of the locking body 122; the adjustment mark 112 is a scale groove extending along the centerline of the adjustment device 110.

[0035] Alternatively, both reference mark 1221 and adjustment mark 112 can be scale lines.

[0036] It is understood that the reference identifiers 1221 can be set to 2, 4, or 6; the adjustment identifiers 112 can be set to 12, 15, 20, or 30. Furthermore, in one embodiment of this application, the reference identifiers 1221 are set to 4, and the adjustment identifiers 112 are set to 12.

[0037] Thus, by setting reference mark 1221 and adjustment mark 112, before adjusting the feed stroke of spindle 200, the adjustment device 110 is rotated first so that one of the reference marks 1221 is aligned with one of the adjustment marks 112. Then, the adjustment device 110 is rotated with the help of adjustment mark 112, which helps to improve the adjustment accuracy of adjustment device 110, thereby enabling more accurate adjustment of the feed stroke of spindle 200.

[0038] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the first mounting portion 111 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the adjusting device 110; the second mounting portion 123 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the locking body 122 near the adjusting device 110.

[0039] See Figure 2 and Figure 3Furthermore, in one embodiment, the first mounting portion 111 consists of a plurality of external teeth evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the adjusting device 110; the second mounting portion 123 consists of a plurality of internal teeth evenly distributed on the inner peripheral surface of the locking body 122 and corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of external teeth.

[0040] See Figure 2 and Figure 3 Specifically, the first mounting portion 111 is configured as an external gear and is located on at least a portion of the outer peripheral surface of the end of the adjusting device 110 facing the locking device 120. The second mounting portion 123 is configured as an internal gear and is located on at least a portion of the inner peripheral surface of the end of the locking device 120 facing the adjusting device 110. Both the external and internal gears can be, but are not limited to, spur gears, and the transmission ratio between the external and internal gears can be, but is not limited to, 1.

[0041] Thus, when the locking device 120 moves to the locking position, the first mounting part 111 and the second mounting part 123 can be engaged by gears. Since the mounting part 121 of the locking device 120 is located in the mounting groove 210 on the main shaft 200, the locking device 120 cannot rotate around the main shaft 200. Therefore, when the first mounting part 111 and the second mounting part 123 are engaged by gears, the adjustment device 110 can be restricted from rotating around the main shaft 200, thereby locking the adjustment device 110.

[0042] It is understandable that the first mounting part 111 and the second mounting part 123 may also be selected from other structures, as long as they can satisfy the requirement that the adjustment device 110 can be restricted to rotate around the main shaft 200 after the first mounting part 111 and the second mounting part 123 are in cooperation. No further restrictions are imposed here.

[0043] See Figures 1 to 3 Furthermore, in one embodiment, the pitch of the external thread on the spindle 200 and the internal thread on the adjusting device 110 is 1.5 mm. Therefore, the adjustment stroke of the adjusting device 110 rotating one revolution around the spindle 200 is 1.5 mm. There are 60 external teeth and 60 internal teeth, with a transmission ratio of 1. There are 12 adjusting marks 112. First, the adjusting device 110 is rotated so that one of the reference marks 1221 is aligned with one of the adjusting marks 112. Using the aligned adjusting mark 112 as the adjustment reference, the adjusting device 110 is rotated until another adjusting mark 112 adjacent to the aligned adjusting mark 112 is aligned with the reference mark 1221. At this time, the adjustment stroke of the adjusting device 110 corresponding to one rotation is 0.125 mm. This rotation corresponds to 5 external teeth. That is, the adjustment stroke of the adjusting device 110 corresponding to one rotation of an external tooth is 0.025 mm.

[0044] Thus, by correspondingly setting the external and internal teeth, reference mark 1221 and adjustment mark 112, the adjustment accuracy of the adjustment device 110 can reach 0.025 mm, which helps to improve the accuracy of the adjustment device 110 in adjusting the feed stroke of the spindle 200.

[0045] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 In one embodiment, the main shaft 200 is symmetrically provided with two mounting slots 210, and the mounting part 121 is provided with two mounting slots 210 respectively, and the two mounting parts 121 are respectively movably provided in the two mounting slots 210.

[0046] Thus, by setting two mounting slots 210 and two mounting parts 121, the efficiency of installing the locking device 120 is improved. At the same time, setting two mounting parts 121 can make the force more even, which is beneficial to improving the stability of the locking device 120 that restricts the rotation of the main shaft 200.

[0047] See Figure 1 and Figure 3 Furthermore, in one embodiment, two mounting slots 210 are symmetrically provided. The two mounting slots 210 are symmetrically provided on the main shaft 200 along the axial extension direction of the main shaft 200, and both mounting slots 210 are through slots penetrating the main shaft 200. Two mounting parts 121 are correspondingly symmetrically provided, and the two mounting parts 121 are respectively movably provided in the two mounting slots 210.

[0048] It can be understood that the number of mounting slots 210 and mounting parts 121 can be set according to actual usage requirements. As long as the mounting slots 210 and mounting parts 121 are set in a corresponding manner and can meet the usage requirements, no further restrictions are imposed here.

[0049] See Figure 1 Furthermore, in one embodiment, two magnetic suction members 130 are provided, and the two magnetic suction members 130 are respectively embedded in the two mounting portions 121. Optionally, the two magnetic suction members 130 are symmetrically arranged.

[0050] Thus, by setting two magnetic attraction elements 130, the magnetic attraction force that causes the locking device 120 and the adjusting device 110 to attract each other is increased, thereby making the locking device 120 and the adjusting device 110 more securely attracted.

[0051] It is understood that the locking device 120 and the adjusting device 110, at least at their ends facing each other, are made of magnetically pleasing materials, such as iron, cobalt, nickel, and alloys containing these three elements. The magnetic element 130 can be individually mounted on the locking device 120, individually on the adjusting device 110, or simultaneously on both the locking device 120 and the adjusting device 110. There can be one magnetic element 130, multiple magnetic elements 130, or annular magnetic elements 130. The number, shape, and placement of the magnetic elements 130 need only meet the actual usage requirements and are not subject to further limitations.

[0052] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the magnetic attractor 130 is a magnet.

[0053] See Figure 1 In another aspect, this application also provides a feed drill, including a spindle 200 with external threads. The feed drill also includes the adjustment mechanism 100 described in the above embodiments, which is used to adjust the feed stroke of the spindle 200.

[0054] Thus, by setting the adjustment mechanism 100 and rotating the adjustment device 110 to adjust the feed stroke of the spindle 200, high-precision adjustment of the feed drilling hole can be achieved.

[0055] See Figure 1 In one embodiment, the feed drill further includes a stop 300 sleeved on the spindle 200, and the stop 300 is located on the side of the adjusting device 110 away from the locking device 120. When the spindle 200 moves toward the workpiece to be drilled until the drilling is completed, the end face of the adjusting device 110 facing the stop 300 will impact the stop 300, so that the spindle 200 stops moving further toward the workpiece to be drilled, which helps to improve the drilling accuracy.

[0056] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An adjustment mechanism for a feed drill, the feed drill comprising a spindle with external threads, characterized in that, The adjustment mechanism includes: An adjustment device is rotatably mounted on the main shaft, and the inner circumferential surface of the adjustment device is provided with an internal thread that mates with the external thread of the main shaft; A locking device is movably sleeved on the main shaft along its axial direction. The locking device can be selectively moved to a locked position along the axial direction of the main shaft under external force, so that the locking device is at least partially sleeved on the adjusting device. The main shaft has a mounting groove extending along its axial direction and having an open end. The locking device includes a mounting portion movably disposed within the mounting groove. The adjusting device has a first mounting portion, and the locking device has a second mounting portion that selectively engages with the first mounting portion. When the locking device moves to the locked position, the first mounting portion engages with the second mounting portion to restrict the adjusting device from rotating around the main shaft. At least one magnetic attractor is provided on the adjusting device and / or the locking device so that the adjusting device and the locking device can be attracted by the magnetic force of the magnetic attractor.

2. The adjusting mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking device further includes a locking body, which is movably sleeved on the main shaft along the axial direction of the main shaft; The mounting part is connected to the locking body and is located at the end of the locking body away from the adjusting device, and extends toward the center line of the main shaft.

3. The adjusting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, Multiple reference marks are evenly spaced on the outer peripheral surface of the locking body; Multiple adjustment marks are evenly spaced on the outer peripheral surface of the adjustment device; When adjusting the adjustment device, one of the adjustment marks is used as the adjustment reference, and one of the reference marks is used as the adjustment reference.

4. The adjusting mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reference mark is a scale groove extending along the centerline of the locking body; The adjustment markings are scale grooves extending along the centerline of the adjustment device.

5. The adjusting mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first mounting portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the adjustment device; The second mounting portion is formed on the inner circumferential surface of the locking body near the adjusting device.

6. The adjusting mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that, The first mounting part consists of a plurality of external teeth evenly distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the adjusting device; The second mounting part consists of a plurality of internal teeth evenly distributed on the inner circumferential surface of the locking body and corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of external teeth.

7. The adjusting mechanism according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The main shaft is symmetrically provided with two mounting slots, and two mounting parts are provided corresponding to the two mounting slots. The two mounting parts are respectively movably disposed in the two mounting slots.

8. The adjusting mechanism according to claim 7, characterized in that, The magnetic suction component is provided in two parts, and the two magnetic suction components are respectively embedded in the two mounting parts.

9. The adjusting mechanism according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The magnetic component is a magnet.

10. A feed drill, comprising a spindle with external threads, characterized in that, The feed drill further includes an adjustment mechanism as described in any one of claims 1-9, the adjustment mechanism being used to adjust the feed stroke of the spindle.

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