A drilling device for detecting residual stress by a flat weld blind hole method
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522497325.1
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-25
- Publication Date
- 2026-10-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-11-25
AI Technical Summary
前者红外线定位麻烦，钻孔过程中光源波动大，整体精度差，标尺深度控制精度差，而百分表由于钻孔过程中振动大导致深度控制不佳；而后者手工定位不能保证垂直，钻头上安装定位螺钉易松动跑位置，还易磨损盲孔边缘，导致测量不准确
本实用新型所提供的一种平面焊缝盲孔法检测残余应力的钻孔装置，使用本钻孔装置钻孔过程中，在应变片母材标记钻孔中心，先将工装放置在待检测残余应力的金属材料（如应变片母材）上，工装通过支撑脚支撑在应变片母材上，先将读数显微镜固定安装在读数显微镜夹持装置上，再将读数显微镜夹持装置固定安装在工装的安装通孔内，移动工装，通过读数显微镜观察，读数显微镜的正交中心对准应变片母材的钻孔中心，钻孔中心位于安装通孔的中心线上，通过支撑脚的底部的固定机构固定，完成钻头中心和钻孔中心定位操作，保证后续钻孔时钻头中心与钻孔中心垂直对中，定位精准，避免钻孔的盲孔边缘出现磨损毛刺，避免影响应变片母材的残余应力测量；取下读数显微镜夹持装置；在工装的顶面绕安装通孔的周沿放置定位片，将钻头安装在钻头夹持装置上，再将钻头夹持装置滑动安装在工装的安装通孔内，钻头的钻尖位于安装通孔的中心线上，定位环与定位片贴合，钻头的钻尖与应变片母材的钻孔中心接触，取出定位片，定位环的底面与工装的顶面之间的间距就是钻孔的深度，完成钻孔深度控制操作；钻头启动旋转工作，钻头向下朝应变片母材移动钻孔，钻头夹持装置朝下移动，直至定位环的底面与工装的顶面贴合，限制钻头夹持装置朝下移动，钻头空转阻止钻头下移，将钻头退出已钻好的孔，完成钻孔，保证一次钻孔深度精准到位。本申请的平面焊缝盲孔法检测残余应力的钻孔装置，结构简单，制造成本低，读数显微镜夹持装置和钻头夹持装置与工装可拆卸安装，便于移动携带，钻孔操作方便，钻孔中心定位精准，钻孔深度控制精准，适用于盲孔法检测残余应力的应变片钻孔。
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Figure CN224895805U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of residual internal stress detection technology of metallic materials, specifically, it relates to a drilling device for detecting residual stress using the blind hole method of planar welds. Background Technology
[0002] Currently, when using Method B of the GB / T31310-2014 standard for determining residual stress in metallic materials (such as strain gauges) through drilling, the drilling techniques for locating and controlling the depth of blind holes generally include the following methods: One method involves auxiliary positioning and ruler depth measurement. Some methods use infrared light to locate the borehole center, while others use a mechanical rod to pre-locate the borehole center. The ruler depth measurement method is relatively simple; some install a ruler with a resolution of 1mm next to the drill bit and visually check the borehole depth at any time, while others use a dial indicator to check the depth. Another method involves manual positioning before drilling, with the depth achieved by installing small positioning screws on the drill bit. The former method, infrared positioning, is cumbersome, suffers from large light source fluctuations during drilling, resulting in poor overall accuracy and poor ruler depth control accuracy. Dial indicators also suffer from poor depth control due to significant vibrations during drilling. The latter method, manual positioning, cannot guarantee verticality, and the positioning screws on the drill bit are prone to loosening and displacement, and can easily wear down the edges of the blind hole, leading to inaccurate measurements. Utility Model Content
[0003] The present invention provides a drilling device for detecting residual stress in a blind hole method for planar welds. The tooling structure is simple, the positioning is accurate and convenient, and the drilling depth is accurately reached in one operation.
[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows: This utility model discloses a drilling device for detecting residual stress in a blind hole method of a planar weld, comprising a fixture with a vertical mounting through hole, at least three support legs evenly arranged on the fixture, a fixing mechanism at the bottom of each support leg, and a reading microscope clamping device and a drill bit clamping device detachably mounted to the mounting through hole. The reading microscope clamping device is equipped with a reading microscope, and the drill bit clamping device is equipped with a drill bit. A positioning ring is provided on the outer wall of the drill bit clamping device, and a positioning plate is provided on the top surface of the fixture. The thickness of the positioning plate is the same as the drilling depth of the strain gauge. The drill bit clamping device is installed in the mounting through hole of the fixture, the positioning ring is in contact with the positioning plate, and the drill tip of the drill bit is in contact with the strain gauge.
[0005] Furthermore, the fixing mechanism is a magnet.
[0006] Furthermore, the tooling is a cylindrical tooling, and the center line of the mounting through hole is collinear with the center line of the cylindrical tooling.
[0007] Furthermore, both the reading microscope clamping device and the drill bit clamping device are cylindrical structures that mate with the mounting through hole. The reading microscope and the drill bit are respectively fixedly mounted on the corresponding cylindrical structures. The cylindrical fixture is provided with opposing screw holes, and fixing screws are provided in the screw holes.
[0008] Furthermore, the three support feet are evenly distributed at the bottom of the cylindrical tooling, and the support feet are arranged along the periphery of the cylindrical tooling.
[0009] Furthermore, the positioning ring is circumferentially fixed to the outer wall of the corresponding cylinder by fastening screws.
[0010] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention provides a drilling device for detecting residual stress in blind holes of planar welds. During the drilling process, the drilling center is marked on the strain gauge base material. The fixture is first placed on the metal material (such as the strain gauge base material) where the residual stress is to be detected. The fixture is supported on the strain gauge base material by support feet. A reading microscope is first fixedly mounted on a reading microscope clamping device, and then the reading microscope clamping device is fixedly mounted in the mounting through hole of the fixture. The fixture is moved, and observation is made through the reading microscope. The orthogonal center of the reading microscope is aligned with the drilling center of the strain gauge base material. The drilling center is located on the center line of the mounting through hole and is fixed by the fixing mechanism at the bottom of the support feet. This completes the positioning operation of the drill bit center and the drilling center, ensuring that the drill bit center and the drilling center are perpendicularly aligned during subsequent drilling, resulting in accurate positioning and avoiding wear burrs on the edge of the blind hole. To avoid affecting the residual stress measurement of the strain gauge substrate; remove the reading microscope clamping device; place a positioning plate around the perimeter of the mounting through hole on the top surface of the fixture; install the drill bit on the drill bit clamping device, and then slide the drill bit clamping device into the mounting through hole of the fixture, with the drill tip located on the center line of the mounting through hole, the positioning ring and the positioning plate in contact, and the drill tip in contact with the center of the hole in the strain gauge substrate; remove the positioning plate; the distance between the bottom surface of the positioning ring and the top surface of the fixture is the drilling depth, thus completing the drilling depth control operation; start the drill bit to rotate and move downwards toward the strain gauge substrate to drill; the drill bit clamping device moves downwards until the bottom surface of the positioning ring is in contact with the top surface of the fixture, restricting the downward movement of the drill bit clamping device; the drill bit idles to prevent it from moving downwards; remove the drill bit from the drilled hole to complete the drilling, ensuring accurate drilling depth in one operation. The drilling device for detecting residual stress in blind holes of planar welds disclosed in this application has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost. The reading microscope clamping device and the drill bit clamping device are detachable from the tooling and can be easily moved and carried. The drilling operation is convenient, the drilling center positioning is accurate, and the drilling depth is accurately controlled. It is suitable for drilling strain gauges for detecting residual stress using the blind hole method. Attached Figure Description
[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this utility model or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this utility model. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.
[0012] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling depth control of a drilling device for detecting residual stress in a blind hole method for planar welds, provided in an embodiment of this utility model. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the drilling center positioning of a drilling device for detecting residual stress in a blind hole method for planar welds, provided in an embodiment of this utility model.
[0013] Figure label: Tooling 1, fastening screw 2, positioning ring 3, positioning plate 4, fixing screw 5, support foot 6, magnet 7, drill bit clamping device 8, drill bit 9, reading microscope 10, reading microscope clamping device 11. Detailed Implementation
[0014] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of this utility model will be described in detail below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this utility model, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other implementation methods obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.
[0015] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
[0016] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a drilling device for detecting residual stress in blind holes of planar welds, including a fixture 1 with a vertical mounting through hole. The fixture 1 has at least three evenly spaced support legs 6, each with a fixing mechanism at its bottom. It also includes a reading microscope clamping device 11 and a drill bit clamping device 8, which are detachably mounted to the mounting through hole. The reading microscope clamping device 11 has a reading microscope 10, and the drill bit clamping device 8 has a drill bit 9. A positioning ring 3 is provided on the outer wall of the drill bit clamping device 8, and a positioning plate 4 is provided on the top surface of the fixture 1. The thickness of the positioning plate 4 is the same as the drilling depth of the strain gauge. The drill bit clamping device 8 is installed in the mounting through hole of the fixture 1, with the positioning ring 3 fitting against the positioning plate 4, and the drill tip of the drill bit 9 contacting the strain gauge. The number of support legs 6 may be three or four. The fixing mechanism is a magnet or a suction cup. The reading microscope clamping device 11 and the drill bit clamping device 8 are either three-jaw clamping structures or mounting cylinder structures. The diameter of the mounting through hole in the fixture 1 is 24 mm. The reading microscope 10 is a WF16X portable reading microscope. The drill bit clamping device 8 is installed in the mounting through hole of the fixture 1. The positioning ring 3 is in contact with the positioning plate 4. The drill tip of the drill bit 9 is in contact with the strain gauge. The drill tip of the drill bit 9 is coplanar with the bottom of the fixing mechanism. The thickness of the positioning plate 4 is the drilling depth, and the thickness of the positioning plate 4 is 2 mm with a deviation of ±0.020 mm.
[0017] The drilling device for detecting residual stress in blind holes of planar welds based on the above structure involves marking the drilling center on the strain gauge base material. First, fixture 1 is placed on the metal material (such as the strain gauge base material) to be tested for residual stress. Fixture 1 is supported on the strain gauge base material by support legs 6. Then, reading microscope 10 is fixedly mounted on reading microscope clamping device 11, and then the reading microscope clamping device 11 is fixedly mounted in the mounting through hole of fixture 1. Fixture 1 is moved, and observation is performed through reading microscope 10. The orthogonal center of reading microscope 10 is aligned with the drilling center of the strain gauge base material. The drilling center is located on the center line of the mounting through hole and is fixed by the fixing mechanism at the bottom of support legs 6. This completes the positioning operation of the drill bit center and the drilling center, ensuring that the drill bit center and the drilling center are perpendicularly aligned during subsequent drilling, resulting in accurate positioning and preventing wear burrs on the edge of the blind hole, thus avoiding affecting the residual stress of the strain gauge base material. Measurement; Remove the reading microscope clamping device 11; Place the positioning piece 4 around the periphery of the mounting through hole on the top surface of the fixture 1, install the drill bit 9 on the drill bit clamping device 8, and then slide the drill bit clamping device 8 into the mounting through hole of the fixture 1. The drill tip of the drill bit 9 is located on the center line of the mounting through hole, the positioning ring 3 is in contact with the positioning piece 4, and the drill tip of the drill bit 9 contacts the center of the hole in the strain gauge base material. Remove the positioning piece 4. The distance between the bottom surface of the positioning ring 3 and the top surface of the fixture 1 is the drilling depth, thus completing the drilling depth control operation; Start the rotation of the drill bit 9 and move it downward toward the strain gauge base material to drill. The drill bit clamping device 8 moves downward until the bottom surface of the positioning ring 3 is in contact with the top surface of the fixture 1, restricting the downward movement of the drill bit clamping device 8. The drill bit 9 idles to prevent it from moving downward. Remove the drill bit 9 from the drilled hole to complete the drilling and ensure that the drilling depth is accurately reached in one operation. The drilling device for detecting residual stress in planar welds using the blind hole method of this application has a simple structure and low manufacturing cost. Compared to the purchase cost of about 30,000 yuan, this drilling device only costs 7,000 yuan. The reading microscope clamping device 11 and the drill bit clamping device 8 are detachable from the tooling 1, making them easy to move and carry. The drilling operation is convenient, the drilling center positioning is accurate, and the drilling depth is accurately controlled. It is suitable for strain gauge drilling for detecting residual stress in various planar welds and base materials with a planar rotation space of only 225 cm2 and a hardness of less than 45 HRC.
[0018] As one possible implementation method, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the fixing mechanism is magnet 7.
[0019] Magnet 7 can be fixed to the bottom of support leg 6 by screws or adhesive. Magnet 7 is directly magnetically fixed to strain gauge, making operation convenient and quick. The drill tip of drill bit 9 is coplanar with the bottom of magnet 7.
[0020] As one possible implementation method, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the tooling 1 is a cylindrical tooling, and the center line of the mounting through hole is collinear with the center line of the cylindrical tooling.
[0021] Cylindrical fixtures facilitate the installation of through holes by opening them in the center of fixture 1, thereby improving the overall integrity of the drilling device.
[0022] As one possible implementation method, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the reading microscope clamping device 11 and the drill bit clamping device 8 are both cylinders that mate with the mounting through hole. The reading microscope 10 and the drill bit 9 are respectively fixedly mounted on the corresponding cylinders. The cylindrical tooling is provided with opposite screw holes, and a fixing screw 5 is provided in the screw hole.
[0023] The cylinder slides into the mounting through hole of fixture 1. After adjusting the position of the cylinder by sliding it up and down, tighten the fixing screw 5. The thread of the fixing screw 5 passes through the screw hole and abuts against the outer wall of the cylinder, fixing the cylinder in the mounting through hole of fixture 1. The screw holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the cylindrical fixture, and there are at least two screw holes. If there are two or three screw holes, and if the two screw holes are set relative to the axis of the cylindrical fixture, the fixing screw 5 corresponds to the screw hole one by one. The fixing screw 5 can be a set screw for easy adjustment and fixing of the cylinder. The reading microscope 10 and the electric drill with drill bit 9 can be fixed to the cylinder of the corresponding reading microscope clamping device 11 and the cylinder of the drill bit clamping device 8 by screws. The electric drill can be powered by an external power supply.
[0024] As one possible implementation method, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the three support feet 6 are evenly arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical tooling, and the support feet 6 are arranged along the periphery of the cylindrical tooling.
[0025] If the three support legs 6 are evenly welded to the bottom of the cylindrical tooling, forming a triangular support for the tooling 1, the tooling 1 can be stably supported.
[0026] As one possible implementation method, such as Figure 2 As shown, the positioning ring 3 is circumferentially fixed to the outer wall of the corresponding cylinder by fastening screws 2.
[0027] Multiple threaded holes that mate with the fastening screws 2 are evenly drilled around the circumference of the cylinder corresponding to the drill bit clamping device 8. The positioning ring 3 is drilled with through holes that mate with the fastening screws 2. The positioning ring 3 is sleeved on the cylinder corresponding to the drill bit clamping device 8. The through holes and threaded holes correspond one-to-one. The fastening screws 2 pass through the through holes and are threadedly fastened to the threaded holes. The threaded connection is reliable and easy to install and disassemble.
[0028] The above description is only a specific embodiment of this utility model, but the protection scope of this utility model is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.
Claims
1. A drilling device for detecting residual stress in a blind hole method of a planar weld, characterized in that, The fixture includes a tooling (1) with a vertical mounting through hole and at least three support feet (6) evenly distributed on the tooling (1). The bottom of the support feet (6) is provided with a fixing mechanism. The fixture also includes a reading microscope clamping device (11) and a drill bit clamping device (8) that are detachably installed with the mounting through hole. The reading microscope clamping device (11) is provided with a reading microscope (10). The drill bit clamping device (8) is provided with a drill bit (9). The outer side wall of the drill bit clamping device (8) is provided with a positioning ring (3). The top surface of the tooling (1) is provided with a positioning piece (4). The thickness of the positioning piece (4) is the same as the drilling depth of the strain gauge. The drill bit clamping device (8) is installed in the mounting through hole of the tooling (1). The positioning ring (3) fits against the positioning piece (4). The drill tip of the drill bit (9) contacts the strain gauge.
2. The drilling device for detecting residual stress in a blind hole method of a planar weld according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixing mechanism is a magnet (7).
3. The drilling device for detecting residual stress in a blind hole method of a planar weld according to claim 1, characterized in that, The tooling (1) is a cylindrical tooling, and the center line of the mounting through hole is collinear with the center line of the cylindrical tooling.
4. The drilling device for detecting residual stress in a blind hole method of a planar weld according to claim 3, characterized in that, The reading microscope clamping device (11) and the drill bit clamping device (8) are both cylindrical parts that cooperate with the mounting through hole. The reading microscope (10) and the drill bit (9) are respectively fixedly installed on the corresponding cylindrical parts. The cylindrical tooling is provided with corresponding screw holes, and a fixing screw (5) is provided in the screw hole.
5. A drilling device for detecting residual stress in a blind hole method for planar welds according to claim 4, characterized in that, The three support feet (6) are evenly arranged at the bottom of the cylindrical tooling, and the support feet (6) are arranged along the periphery of the cylindrical tooling.
6. A drilling device for detecting residual stress in a blind hole method of a planar weld according to claim 4, characterized in that, The positioning ring (3) is circumferentially fixed to the outer wall of the corresponding cylinder by fastening screws (2).